A method and apparatus for heat treatment of hot forged blanks

Abstract

This invention relates to a heat treatment method and apparatus for hot-forged blanks, belonging to the field of metal heat treatment technology. The method includes: acquiring eddy current voltage values ​​in response to a trigger signal; determining the material type based on the eddy current voltage values ​​and voltage ranges; matching aeration parameters, cooling temperature, temperature gradient threshold, and temperature difference threshold based on the material type; performing aeration using the aeration parameters and acquiring the surface temperature; selecting the maximum and minimum surface temperatures from the surface temperatures and calculating the surface temperature difference, and calculating the average temperature based on the surface temperatures; determining the core temperature based on the material type and average temperature and calculating the temperature difference; correcting the aeration parameters using the surface temperature difference and the temperature difference value, and performing aeration based on the corrected aeration parameters until the core temperature is no greater than the cooling temperature, the surface temperature difference is no greater than the temperature gradient threshold, and the temperature difference is no greater than the temperature difference threshold, at which point aeration is stopped and cooling is complete. This invention balances the cooling effect of raw materials at different locations, improving the quality of the raw materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal heat treatment technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for heat treatment of hot forged blanks. Background Technology

[0002] Metal heat treatment is a processing technology that optimizes the mechanical, physical, and performance properties of metals by controlling the internal structure of the metal through a controlled thermal cycle of heating, holding, and cooling without altering the external dimensions and basic chemical composition of the metal workpiece.

[0003] As the core conductive and structural component of power equipment, the performance of the contact seat directly determines the operational reliability and safety stability of the power system. During production, the raw materials of the contact seat need to be heat-treated. The heat treatment process of some materials for contact seat includes quenching, which involves directly immersing the heated hot forged blank in a cold water tank for cooling.

[0004] However, this production method relies heavily on stagnant cold water pools for cooling. When a large number of contact seat materials are simultaneously immersed in a stagnant cold water pool, the cooling effect of the materials at different locations varies significantly, resulting in inconsistent material quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to balance the cooling effect of raw materials at different locations and improve the quality of raw materials, this invention provides a heat treatment method and apparatus for hot forging blanks.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a heat treatment method for hot-forged blanks, which adopts the following technical solution: A heat treatment method for hot-forged blanks includes: Step 1: In response to the trigger signal, acquire the eddy current voltage value; Step 2: Determine the material type based on the eddy current voltage value and the preset voltage range; Step 3: Match aeration parameters, cooling temperature, temperature gradient threshold, and temperature difference threshold based on material type; Step 4: Control the preset aeration equipment to perform aeration by aeration parameters and obtain the surface temperature; Step 5: Filter the maximum and minimum values ​​from the surface temperatures, and define the maximum value as the maximum surface temperature and the minimum value as the minimum surface temperature; Step 6: Calculate the surface temperature difference based on the maximum and minimum surface temperatures, and calculate the average temperature based on the surface temperatures; Step 7: Determine the core temperature based on the material type and average temperature; Step 8: Calculate the temperature difference by combining the core temperature and the average temperature; Step 9: Correct the aeration parameters by measuring the surface temperature difference and temperature difference, and perform aeration based on the corrected aeration parameters until the core temperature is no greater than the cooling temperature, the surface temperature difference is no greater than the temperature gradient threshold, and the temperature difference is no greater than the temperature difference threshold. Then stop aeration to complete the cooling process.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the material type is determined by eddy current voltage to avoid the cooling parameter adaptation deviation caused by material differences; and the aeration parameters are corrected based on the dual-dimensional linkage of surface temperature difference and temperature difference value to solve the problems of core overheating or uneven surface heat dissipation caused by traditional fixed parameter cooling.

[0008] Optionally, methods for determining the core temperature include: Step 70: Collect cooling time; Step 71: Calculate the average temperature change at the beginning and end of the cooling time, and define it as the average temperature difference value; Step 72: Calculate the descent rate based on the cooling time and average temperature difference; Step 73: Match heat dissipation efficiency according to material type; Step 74: Determine the corrected temperature difference based on the descent rate and heat dissipation efficiency combined with the surface temperature difference; Step 75: Calculate and determine the core temperature by combining the average temperature and the corrected temperature difference.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the cooling rate is calculated by combining the cooling time and the average temperature difference, and the heat dissipation efficiency is dynamically matched according to the material type. This allows the temperature difference correction to be adapted to the cooling process and the material type, avoiding misjudgment of the core temperature caused by relying solely on the surface temperature.

[0010] Optionally, methods for determining the corrected temperature difference include: Step 740: Match the cooling stage according to the descent rate; Step 741: Determine the fluctuation range based on the cooling stage, and then determine the base temperature difference by combining the cooling stage and heat dissipation efficiency; Step 742: Compare the surface temperature difference with the fluctuation range to determine the temperature difference to be adjusted; Step 743: Sum the base temperature difference and the adjustment temperature difference to obtain the corrected temperature difference.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the cooling stages are divided according to the descent rate, so that the base temperature difference matches the heat transfer characteristics of different cooling stages. Then, the adjustment temperature difference is determined by comparing the surface temperature difference with the fluctuation range, thus compensating for the influence of uneven surface temperature distribution on the derivation of the core temperature difference.

[0012] Optionally, methods for obtaining core temperature also include: Step 760: Collect water flow velocity, bubble volume, and pulsation frequency; Step 761: Read the aeration intensity and aeration orifice diameter from the aeration parameters and determine the initial water velocity; Step 762: Determine the velocity difference based on the initial water velocity and the water flow velocity; Step 763: Determine the gap grade using the speed difference and the amount of air bubbles; Step 764: Based on the cooling stage, determine the correction range by combining the gap grade and pulsation frequency; Step 765: Correct the core temperature according to the correction range and output it.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, fluid parameters such as water flow velocity and bubble volume are collected to indirectly determine the raw material gap level. Combined with the dynamic adjustment and correction of the water flow pulsation frequency, the core temperature derivation is adapted to the material characteristics, cooling stage and stacking state, further optimizing the accuracy of core temperature derivation.

[0014] Optional methods for correcting aeration parameters include: Step 90: Compare the temperature difference value with the temperature difference threshold, and at the same time compare the surface temperature difference with the temperature gradient threshold; Step 91: If only the temperature difference is greater than the temperature difference threshold, determine the first correction parameter based on the temperature difference, the temperature difference threshold and the aeration parameters, and output the first correction parameter as the corrected aeration parameter. Step 92: If only the surface temperature difference is greater than the temperature gradient threshold, determine the second correction parameter based on the surface temperature difference, the temperature gradient threshold, and the aeration parameters, and output the second correction parameter as the corrected aeration parameter. Step 930: If the temperature difference is greater than the temperature difference threshold and the surface temperature difference is greater than the temperature gradient threshold, proceed to step 91; Step 931: After the temperature difference is no greater than the temperature difference threshold, proceed to step 92 until the surface temperature difference is no greater than the temperature gradient threshold. Step 94: If the temperature difference is not greater than the temperature difference threshold and the surface temperature difference is not greater than the temperature gradient threshold, the aeration parameters are not corrected.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, based on the comparison results of temperature difference and surface temperature difference, three types of working conditions are distinguished: insufficient heat dissipation of the core, uneven heat dissipation of the surface, and both. A differentiated correction strategy is adopted to ensure that the correction not only solves the problem of core overheating, but also balances the surface temperature distribution.

[0016] Optionally, the method for determining the first correction parameter includes: Step 910: Calculate the temperature difference amplitude by subtracting the temperature difference value from the temperature difference threshold. Step 911: Combine the temperature difference amplitude and the cooling stage to match the temperature difference correction ratio; Step 912: Correct the aeration intensity and aeration orifice diameter based on the temperature difference correction ratio; Step 913: Integrate the corrected aeration intensity and aeration aperture to obtain the first corrected parameter.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the degree of core overheating is quantified based on the temperature difference amplitude, and the temperature difference correction ratio is dynamically matched during the cooling stage to avoid insufficient or excessive correction. The aeration intensity and pore size are specifically modified to improve aeration penetration and core heat dissipation.

[0018] Optionally, the method for determining the second correction parameter includes: Step 920: Determine the cooling locations corresponding to the maximum and minimum surface temperatures, respectively; Step 921: Calculate the temperature gradient amplitude by subtracting the surface temperature difference from the temperature gradient threshold. Step 922: Match the temperature gradient correction ratio based on the temperature gradient amplitude and the cooling stage; Step 923: Correct the aeration intensity at the cooling positions corresponding to the maximum and minimum surface temperatures based on the temperature gradient correction ratio; Step 924: Integrate the cooling positions corresponding to the maximum and minimum surface temperatures with the corrected aeration intensity to obtain the second correction parameter.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the high-temperature and low-temperature regions on the surface are first accurately located, and then the local correction ratio is matched based on the temperature gradient amplitude to achieve differentiated control of heat dissipation enhancement in high-temperature regions and heat dissipation reduction in low-temperature regions, which is suitable for the actual working conditions of uneven temperature distribution on the surface of the contact seat material.

[0020] Optionally, methods for acquiring eddy current voltage values ​​include: Step 10: Obtain raw material parameters and ambient temperature; Step 11: Determine the sampling points based on the raw material parameters and the preset safety distance, and determine the sampling frequency based on the raw material parameters; Step 12: Determine the preheating temperature based on the ambient temperature and the preset deviation temperature; Step 13: Preheat the preset eddy current sensor based on the preheating temperature, and simultaneously control the eddy current sensor to move to the acquisition point. Step 14: Collect data according to the acquisition frequency to obtain multiple sets of initial eddy current voltage values; Step 15: Calculate the average voltage value using multiple sets of initial eddy current voltage values, and use it as the eddy current voltage value.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the sampling points and frequencies are determined based on the raw material parameters, and the sensor preheating temperature is optimized in combination with the ambient temperature to reduce the impact of temperature drift on the voltage signal. Through multi-point sampling and averaging calculation, outliers are eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of eddy current voltage sampling.

[0022] Optionally, methods for obtaining surface temperature include: Step 40: Collect interference data; Step 41: Determine the weighting coefficient and the number of probes based on the material type; Step 42: Determine the temperature acquisition location based on raw material parameters and the number of probes; Step 43: Calculate the interference intensity value by combining the interference data and weighting coefficients; Step 44: Match purging parameters using interference intensity values; Step 45: Determine the delay time based on the purging parameters and material type; Step 46: In response to the temperature acquisition signal, purge based on the purging parameters to form an annular air curtain; Step 47: After the delay time, perform temperature acquisition based on the temperature acquisition location to obtain the surface temperature.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, interference data is collected and interference intensity values ​​are calculated, purging parameters and delay time are dynamically matched, the influence of aeration airflow and water mist is isolated by an annular air curtain, and the weighting coefficient and collection position are optimized based on material type to ensure that temperature collection is adapted to different material types.

[0024] Secondly, this application provides a heat treatment apparatus for hot-forged blanks, which adopts the following technical solution: A heat treatment apparatus for hot forging blanks, controlled by a heat treatment method for hot forging blanks as described above, includes a carrier heating structure and an aeration cooling structure with a cold water tank. The transport heating structure includes a transport plate for transporting raw materials, a heating furnace installed above the transport plate for heating the raw materials, and a hoisting device installed on the heating furnace for hoisting the raw materials on the transport plate into the heating furnace. A sealing structure for controlling the opening and closing of the furnace opening is provided on one side of the furnace. The cold water tank is used to perform water-cooled quenching treatment on the heated raw materials. The aeration cooling structure also includes an aeration device installed at the bottom of the cold water tank to agitate the cooling water in the cold water tank.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solutions, the transport heating structure integrates transportation, hoisting and heating functions. With the help of the sealing structure, it achieves seamless connection between raw material transportation and heating. The aeration cooling structure can disturb the cooling water to form a uniform flow field, thereby improving the uniformity of cooling the raw material of the contact seat.

[0026] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: The material type is determined by eddy current voltage to avoid cooling parameter mismatch due to material differences; and the aeration parameters are corrected by two dimensions of surface temperature difference and temperature difference value to solve the problems of core overheating or uneven surface heat dissipation caused by traditional fixed parameter cooling. By collecting interference data and calculating interference intensity values, the purging parameters and delay time are dynamically matched. The influence of aeration airflow and water mist is isolated by using an annular air curtain. The weighting coefficient and collection position are optimized based on material type to ensure that temperature collection is adapted to different material types. The transport heating structure integrates transportation, hoisting and heating functions. Combined with the sealing structure, it achieves a seamless connection between raw material transportation and heating. The aeration cooling structure can disturb the cooling water to form a uniform flow field, improving the uniformity of cooling the raw material in the contact seat. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a heat treatment device for hot forged blanks; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a heat treatment apparatus for hot forged blanks. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a heat treatment method for hot-forged blanks.

[0028] The parts referred to by the numbers in the above attached diagrams are as follows: 1. Transport heating structure; 11. Transport plate; 12. First track; 13. Mounting frame; 14. Heating furnace; 15. Lifting equipment; 2. Sealing structure; 21. Sealing plate; 22. Second track; 23. Track frame; 24. Cylinder; 25. Sliding frame; 3. Aeration cooling structure; 31. Cold water pool; 32. Aeration equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] This invention discloses a heat treatment apparatus for hot forging blanks.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A heat treatment device for hot forging blanks includes a conveying heating structure 1, a sealing structure 2, and an aeration cooling structure 3.

[0032] The transport heating structure 1 includes a transport plate 11, a first track 12, a mounting frame 13, a heating furnace 14, and a hoisting device 15.

[0033] The first track 12 extends from the outside of the mounting frame 13 to below the mounting frame 13. The transport plate 11 is slidably mounted on the first track 12. The heating furnace 14 is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 13, with the open end of the heating furnace 14 facing the first track 12 from below.

[0034] The hoisting equipment 15 includes a pulley block and a hoisting rope. The pulley block is fixedly installed on the heating furnace 14. One end of the hoisting rope passes through the pulley of the pulley block and extends into the heating furnace 14 and is fixedly equipped with a hook. The other end of the hoisting rope is connected to an external winding and unwinding device. The hoisting rope and the hook are made of materials with high temperature resistance.

[0035] The sealing structure 2 includes a sealing plate 21, a second track 22, a track frame 23, multiple cylinders 24, and a sliding frame 25.

[0036] The track frame 23 is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting frame 13. The second track 22 is set on the track frame 23. The sliding frame 25 is slidably installed on the second track 22. Multiple cylinders 24 are fixedly installed at the lower end of the sliding frame 25. The sealing plate 21 is fixedly installed on the output end of the cylinder 24. The cylinder 24 drives the sealing plate 21 to slide up and down along the sliding frame 25.

[0037] The aeration and cooling structure 3 includes a cold water pool 31 and an aeration device 32. The cold water pool 31 is located below the opening end of the heating furnace 14, and the aeration device 32 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cold water pool 31.

[0038] During processing, the heating cage containing the contact seat material is placed on the transport plate 11, and the transport plate 11 is driven to move along the first track 12 to below the heating furnace 14. The external unwinding and rewinding equipment is started to control the unwinding of the hoisting rope so that the hook is attached to the heating cage, and then the hoisting rope is controlled to rewind to drive the heating cage into the heating furnace 14. The sliding frame 25 is driven to move along the second track 22 to the bottom of the heating furnace 14. The operating cylinder 24 drives the sealing plate 21 to approach the heating furnace 14 to seal the opening end of the heating furnace 14. The heating furnace 14 is started to heat the contact seat material. After the heating treatment, the cylinder 24 is reset and drives the sealing plate 21 away from the heating furnace 14. The sliding frame 25 and the transport plate 11 are then driven away from the heating furnace 14 to avoid it. The winding and unwinding equipment is started to control the unwinding of the hoisting rope to drive the contact seat material down. The contact seat enters the cold water pool 31 for quenching treatment. The aeration equipment 32 continuously aerates to drive the cooling water in the cold water pool 31 to churn, improve the uniformity of cooling of the contact seat material by the cooling water, and improve the cooling efficiency.

[0039] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention discloses a heat treatment method for hot-forged blanks.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 A heat treatment method for hot-forged blanks includes the following steps: Step 1: In response to the trigger signal, acquire the eddy current voltage value.

[0041] The trigger signal is the instruction signal to start collecting eddy current voltage values. It is obtained by a photoelectric sensor that is pre-set on the side of the material movement path of the contact seat. That is, when the material of the contact seat moves downward from the heating furnace 14, the photoelectric sensor outputs a signal to the system to generate a trigger signal when it collects data.

[0042] Eddy current voltage refers to the stable voltage signal generated by the conductive properties of the contact seat material when the eddy current sensor detects the material. It is acquired by the eddy current sensor. The specific acquisition method will be described in detail in the following steps, and will not be elaborated here.

[0043] The method for collecting eddy current voltage values ​​includes the following steps: Step 10: Obtain raw material parameters and ambient temperature.

[0044] The raw material parameters refer to the inherent properties of the contact seat material and the heating cage containing the contact seat material, including the diameter of the heating cage and the stacking height of the contact seat material. These parameters are measured using tools such as an ultrasonic rangefinder after the contact seat material is placed in the heating cage and are pre-stored in the system for direct reading.

[0045] Ambient temperature refers to the real-time temperature of the environment surrounding the heat treatment device, which is collected by temperature sensors pre-installed around the heat treatment device.

[0046] Step 11: Determine the sampling points based on the raw material parameters and the preset safety distance, and determine the sampling frequency based on the raw material parameters.

[0047] The safety distance refers to the distance between the eddy current sensor probe and the surface of the raw material of the contact seat. It is set by the staff according to the performance of the eddy current sensor probe and stored in the system in advance for direct reading.

[0048] The sampling point refers to the specific location where the eddy current sensor collects data around the material in the contact seat. The heating cage diameter and the stacking height of the material in the contact seat are read from the material parameters. A polar coordinate uniform sampling algorithm is used to uniformly divide at least four points around the heating cage, avoiding invalid areas at the edges. The sampling points are the points set based on a safe distance from the outer surface of the heating cage.

[0049] The sampling frequency refers to the signal acquisition rate of the eddy current sensor at the sampling point. The diameter of the heating cage is read from the raw material parameters. The larger the diameter of the heating cage, the faster the sampling frequency. The corresponding sampling frequency is found from the frequency correspondence table according to the diameter of the heating cage. The frequency correspondence table is a data table that records different heating cage diameters and their corresponding sampling frequencies. It is obtained and recorded by technicians through prior testing.

[0050] Eddy current sensors are non-contact detection devices based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Multiple sensors are configured and their movement is controlled by a robotic arm. In this embodiment, a K-type eddy current sensor can be used.

[0051] Step 12: Determine the preheating temperature based on the ambient temperature and the preset deviation temperature.

[0052] Deviation temperature refers to the allowable fluctuation range between the ambient temperature and the optimal operating temperature of the temperature sensor. It is set by the staff based on the technical parameters of the eddy current sensor and pre-stored in the system for direct reading.

[0053] The preheating temperature refers to the target preheating temperature of the eddy current sensor. If the ambient temperature is less than 25℃, the preheating temperature is calculated by summing the ambient temperature and the deviation temperature. If the ambient temperature is not less than 25℃, the preheating temperature is set to 30℃.

[0054] Step 13: Preheat the preset eddy current sensor based on the preheating temperature, and simultaneously control the eddy current sensor to move to the acquisition point.

[0055] The eddy current sensor is preheated based on the preheating temperature. After preheating, the robotic arm is controlled to move the eddy current sensor to the sampling point and perpendicular to the outer surface of the raw material of the contact seat.

[0056] Step 14: Collect data according to the acquisition frequency to obtain multiple sets of initial eddy current voltage values.

[0057] The initial eddy current voltage value refers to the unprocessed voltage data directly acquired by the eddy current sensor at the acquisition point.

[0058] Step 15: Calculate the average voltage value using multiple sets of initial eddy current voltage values, and use it as the eddy current voltage value.

[0059] The average voltage value refers to the stable voltage value obtained by processing multiple sets of initial eddy current voltage values, removing outliers from the multiple sets of initial eddy current voltage values, and then calculating the arithmetic mean of the remaining valid data to obtain the average voltage value, i.e., the eddy current voltage value.

[0060] Step 2: Determine the material type based on the eddy current voltage value and the preset voltage range.

[0061] The voltage range refers to the preset range of eddy current voltage values ​​according to different material types. It is a classification standard for material determination. For the three mainstream materials of copper alloy, low carbon steel and stainless steel, the range is determined by laboratory calibration. The range is divided according to the material and is stored in the system in advance by the staff for direct reading.

[0062] Material type refers to the material classification of the contact seat raw material. The core is divided into three categories: copper alloy, low carbon steel and stainless steel. It determines parameters such as heat dissipation efficiency. The eddy current voltage value is compared with the voltage range. If it falls into the corresponding range, it is determined to be the corresponding material. If it exceeds all ranges, it means that the material is abnormal and an alarm is issued to wait for manual review.

[0063] Step 3: Match aeration parameters, cooling temperature, temperature gradient threshold, and temperature difference threshold based on material type.

[0064] Aeration parameters are the core parameters controlling the operation of an aeration device, including aeration intensity, aeration orifice diameter, and aeration position, which directly affect cooling efficiency and temperature distribution uniformity. Cooling temperature refers to the target cooling temperature of the contact seat material heat treatment, that is, the final temperature that the core temperature needs to reach. It is set according to the material type and heat treatment process requirements and stored in the system in advance. It is automatically retrieved after the material type is determined.

[0065] Temperature gradient threshold refers to the maximum allowable temperature difference on the surface of the contact seat material, i.e., the upper limit of the surface temperature difference. It ensures uniform surface temperature distribution during the cooling process and avoids local stress concentration. It is set according to the thermal stress characteristics of the material type and stored in the system in advance. It is automatically retrieved after the material type is determined.

[0066] The temperature difference threshold refers to the maximum allowable difference between the core temperature and the average temperature, i.e., the upper limit of the temperature difference. It ensures that the core and the surface are cooled synchronously to avoid overheating of the core. It is set according to the thermal conductivity characteristics of the material type and the cooling process and is stored in the system in advance. It is automatically retrieved after the material type is determined.

[0067] Step 4: Control the preset aeration device 32 to perform aeration by controlling the aeration parameters, and obtain the surface temperature.

[0068] Surface temperature refers to the real-time temperature data of the material surface of the outer contact seat, including temperature values ​​at multiple collection points. It is obtained through infrared temperature sensors. The specific acquisition method will be described in detail in subsequent steps and will not be elaborated here.

[0069] The method for obtaining surface temperature includes the following steps: Step 40: Collect interference data.

[0070] Interference data refers to environmental interference factors that affect the accuracy of surface temperature acquisition, including aeration airflow intensity, cooling water mist concentration, and ambient light intensity, which are synchronously acquired by airflow sensors, humidity sensors, and light intensity sensors pre-installed in the cold water pool 31.

[0071] Step 41: Determine the weighting coefficient and the number of probes based on the material type.

[0072] The weighting coefficient refers to the weight of the interference factors. It is used to quantify the degree of influence of different interferences on temperature acquisition. It is set based on the surface emissivity characteristics of the material type and pre-stored in the system. It is automatically retrieved after the material type is determined. For example, for copper alloys with low surface emissivity: the interference weight of aeration airflow intensity is 0.4, the weight of cooling water mist concentration is 0.3, and the weight of ambient light intensity is 0.3.

[0073] The number of probes refers to the total number of sensor probes used to collect surface temperature. The number of probes is adapted according to the temperature distribution characteristics of the contact seat material to ensure comprehensive coverage. The more uniform the thermal conductivity, the fewer probes are needed. The corresponding number of probes is found in the quantity correspondence table based on the thermal conductivity characteristics. The quantity correspondence table is a data table that records different thermal conductivity characteristics and their corresponding number of probes. It is obtained and recorded by technicians through prior testing.

[0074] Step 42: Determine the temperature acquisition location based on raw material parameters and the number of probes.

[0075] Temperature acquisition location refers to the specific acquisition location of the infrared temperature sensor. It needs to cover the key area of ​​the raw material surface. The polar coordinate uniform sampling algorithm is used to evenly divide the surface of the raw material of the contact seat into points, which are the temperature acquisition locations, in combination with the diameter of the heating cage, the stacking height and the number of probes.

[0076] Step 43: Calculate the interference intensity value by combining the interference data and weighting coefficients.

[0077] Interference intensity value is a comprehensive index that quantifies the degree of influence of environmental interference on temperature acquisition. The larger the value, the more severe the interference. It is calculated by weighting the interference data with weighting coefficients. The formula is: Interference intensity value = (aeration airflow intensity / maximum allowable value) * weight a + (cooling water mist concentration / maximum allowable value) * weight b + (ambient light intensity / maximum allowable value) * weight c. The result range is 0 to 1, where 0 represents no interference and 1 represents extreme interference. The maximum allowable value is known data, and weights a, b, and c are the corresponding weighting coefficients.

[0078] Step 44: Match purging parameters using interference intensity values.

[0079] The purging parameters refer to the parameters that control the operation of the purging device, including purging pressure, purging duration, and purging range. They are used to remove water mist and airflow interference in the temperature acquisition area. The parameters are matched according to the interference intensity value to ensure that the interference intensity after purging is not greater than 0.2.

[0080] For example, when the interference intensity value is less than 0.3, the purging pressure is 0.2 MPa, the duration is 1 second, and the range covers the collection points; when the interference intensity value is between 0.3 and 0.7, the purging pressure is 0.3 MPa, the duration is 2 seconds, and the range is expanded by 20%; when the interference intensity value is greater than 0.7, the purging pressure is 0.4 MPa, the duration is 3 seconds, and the entire area is purged.

[0081] Step 45: Determine the delay time based on the purging parameters and material type.

[0082] The delay time refers to the interval between the completion of purging and the start of temperature acquisition. It is used to eliminate the disturbance of the purging airflow to the temperature field. The purging pressure is read from the purging parameters, and the basic delay time is matched from the corresponding table based on the purging pressure. Then, the thermal conductivity is read from the material type, and the basic delay time is corrected based on the thermal conductivity to obtain the delay time. For example, when the purging pressure is 0.2MPa, the corresponding basic delay time is 0.5 seconds. For stainless steel with slow thermal conductivity, an additional 0.5 seconds is added, so the delay time is 1 second.

[0083] Step 46: In response to the temperature acquisition signal, purge based on the purging parameters to form an annular air curtain.

[0084] The temperature acquisition signal is the instruction signal to start surface temperature acquisition. It is used to start the purging process and temperature acquisition. After the aeration equipment 32 is started, it is necessary to acquire the temperature of the surface of the raw material of the contact seat, and the system sends out the temperature acquisition signal.

[0085] After receiving the temperature acquisition signal, the purging device starts the purging process based on the purging parameters, forming an annular air curtain in the cold water pool 31 to reduce the impact of environmental interference on temperature acquisition. After the purging process is completed, the timing starts.

[0086] The purging device includes annular air channels evenly arranged around the raw material of the contact seat. Dry compressed air is sprayed from the air channels based on purging parameters to form a closed annular air curtain. The number and angle of the annular air channels can be adjusted synchronously with the update of the purging parameters.

[0087] Step 47: After the delay time, perform temperature acquisition based on the temperature acquisition location to obtain the surface temperature.

[0088] Once the timing delay is reached, the infrared temperature sensor is controlled to collect the surface temperature at the temperature acquisition location.

[0089] Step 5: Filter the maximum and minimum values ​​from the surface temperatures, and define the maximum value as the maximum surface temperature and the minimum value as the minimum surface temperature.

[0090] The maximum surface temperature refers to the temperature state of the high-temperature area on the surface of the contact seat material. Multiple sets of surface temperature data are sorted, and the temperature value with the largest value is extracted, which is the maximum surface temperature.

[0091] The minimum surface temperature refers to the temperature state of the low-temperature region on the surface of the contact seat material. Multiple sets of surface temperature data are sorted, and the temperature value with the smallest value is extracted, which is the minimum surface temperature.

[0092] Step 6: Calculate the surface temperature difference based on the maximum and minimum surface temperatures, and calculate the average temperature based on the surface temperatures.

[0093] Surface temperature difference refers to the quantitative value of the uniformity of temperature distribution on the surface of the contact seat material, which is obtained by calculating the difference between the maximum surface temperature and the minimum surface temperature.

[0094] If the surface temperature difference is too small, it indicates that the surface temperature distribution of the contact seat material is too uniform, and the working status of the sensor needs to be verified.

[0095] Average temperature refers to the quantitative value of the overall temperature level of the contact seat material surface. After removing outliers from the surface temperature data, the arithmetic mean of the remaining valid data is calculated, which is the average temperature.

[0096] Step 7: Determine the core temperature based on the material type and average temperature.

[0097] Core temperature refers to the temperature of the contact seat material in the center part, which cannot be directly collected. The specific determination method will be introduced in detail in subsequent steps, and will not be elaborated here.

[0098] The method for determining the core temperature includes the following steps: Step 70: Collect cooling time.

[0099] Cooling time refers to the cumulative time from the start of aeration cooling to the current temperature acquisition. It is used to determine the stage of the cooling process and is automatically recorded by the system timer. The timer starts when the aeration device 32 is started.

[0100] Step 71: Calculate the average temperature change at the beginning and end of the cooling time, and define it as the average temperature difference value.

[0101] The average temperature difference refers to the change in the average temperature of the contact seat material during the cooling period, that is, the overall decrease in surface temperature. It is obtained by calculating the difference between the average temperature at the beginning of the cooling period and the average temperature at the current time.

[0102] Step 72: Calculate the descent rate based on the cooling time and average temperature difference.

[0103] The rate of temperature drop refers to the average temperature decrease per unit time, i.e., cooling efficiency. The calculation formula is: Rate of temperature drop = Average temperature difference / Cooling time.

[0104] Step 73: Match heat dissipation efficiency according to material type.

[0105] Heat dissipation efficiency refers to the heat dissipation capacity of the contact seat material. The corresponding heat dissipation efficiency can be found in the heat dissipation correspondence table according to the material type. The heat dissipation correspondence table is a data table that records different material types and their corresponding heat dissipation efficiencies. It is obtained and recorded by technicians in advance through experiments. For example, the heat dissipation efficiency corresponding to copper alloy is set at 380W / (m·K), the heat dissipation efficiency corresponding to low carbon steel is set at 45W / (m·K), and the heat dissipation efficiency corresponding to stainless steel is set at 15W / (m·K).

[0106] Step 74: Determine the corrected temperature difference based on the descent rate and heat dissipation efficiency combined with the surface temperature difference.

[0107] Corrected temperature difference refers to the theoretical difference between the core temperature and the average temperature. It needs to be dynamically adjusted in combination with parameters such as cooling stage, heat dissipation efficiency, and surface temperature difference. The specific determination method will be introduced in detail in subsequent steps, and will not be elaborated here.

[0108] The method for determining the corrected temperature difference includes the following steps: Step 740: Match the cooling stage according to the descent rate.

[0109] The cooling phase refers to the division of the cooling process into stages. Based on the rate of decrease, it is divided into a rapid cooling phase, a stable cooling phase, and a phase approaching equilibrium. The rapid cooling phase occurs when the rate of decrease is greater than 2℃ / min, the stable cooling phase occurs when the rate of decrease is between 0.5℃ / min and 2℃ / min, and the phase approaching equilibrium occurs when the rate of decrease is less than 0.5℃ / min.

[0110] Step 741: Determine the fluctuation range based on the cooling stage, and then determine the basic temperature difference by combining the cooling stage and heat dissipation efficiency.

[0111] The fluctuation range refers to the reasonable range of surface temperature difference used to determine whether the surface temperature distribution is uniform. The corresponding fluctuation range is found from the fluctuation correspondence table according to the cooling stage. The fluctuation correspondence table is a data table that records different cooling stages and their corresponding fluctuation ranges. It is obtained and recorded by technicians through prior testing.

[0112] The base temperature difference refers to the inherent theoretical difference between the core temperature and the average surface temperature, calibrated through offline experiments based on the cooling stage and heat dissipation efficiency. The corresponding base temperature difference is retrieved from the temperature difference correspondence table according to the cooling stage and heat dissipation efficiency. The temperature difference correspondence table is a data table that records different cooling stages and heat dissipation efficiencies and the corresponding base temperature differences, which is obtained and recorded by technicians through prior experiments.

[0113] Step 742: Compare the surface temperature difference with the fluctuation range to determine the adjustment temperature difference.

[0114] The temperature adjustment difference refers to the temperature difference correction amount used to compensate for the effect of uneven surface temperature distribution on the core temperature difference. If the surface temperature difference is greater than the upper limit of the fluctuation range, then the adjustment temperature = surface temperature difference - upper limit of the fluctuation range; if the surface temperature difference is less than the lower limit of the fluctuation range, then the adjustment temperature difference = lower limit of the fluctuation range - surface temperature difference; if the surface temperature difference is within the fluctuation range, then the adjustment temperature difference is 0.

[0115] Step 743: Sum the base temperature difference and the adjustment temperature difference to obtain the corrected temperature difference.

[0116] The base temperature difference and the adjustment temperature difference are summed to obtain the correction temperature difference. When the surface temperature difference is greater than the upper limit of the fluctuation range, the adjustment temperature difference is positive, and the correction temperature difference is increased. When the surface temperature difference is less than the lower limit of the fluctuation range, the adjustment temperature difference is negative, and the correction temperature difference is decreased.

[0117] Step 75: Calculate and determine the core temperature by combining the average temperature and the corrected temperature difference.

[0118] The sum of the average temperature and the corrected temperature difference is taken as the core temperature.

[0119] The method for obtaining the core temperature also includes the following steps: Step 760: Collect water flow velocity, bubble volume, and pulsation frequency.

[0120] The water flow velocity refers to the real-time flow velocity of the cooling water in the area above the contact material. It is obtained by controlling a waterproof flow velocity sensor to move to the area above the contact material after the contact material is completely submerged in the cooling water and stops moving.

[0121] Bubble volume refers to the number of aeration bubbles per unit area in the region above the raw material of the contact seat. Similar to the method of collecting water flow velocity, it is obtained by collecting data through a waterproof bubble counter.

[0122] The pulsation frequency refers to the frequency of pulsation changes in the water flow within the region above the material in the contact seat. It reflects the stability of the flow field and is obtained through a water flow pulsation sensor, similar to the method used to collect water flow velocity.

[0123] Step 761: Read the aeration intensity and aeration orifice diameter from the aeration parameters and determine the initial water velocity.

[0124] Aeration intensity refers to the gas pressure output by aeration equipment 32, which affects the amount of bubble generation and the intensity of water flow disturbance. It is obtained from the current aeration parameters.

[0125] Aeration aperture refers to the diameter of the air outlet of the aeration device, which affects the size of the bubbles and the aeration penetration depth. The larger the aperture, the larger the bubbles and the stronger the penetration. It is obtained from the current aeration parameters.

[0126] The initial water velocity refers to the theoretical flow velocity of the cooling water calculated based on the current aeration intensity and aeration orifice diameter. It is obtained by calculation using the formula: Initial water velocity = k × √(Aeration intensity / Aeration orifice diameter), where k is a coefficient. In this embodiment, k is experimentally calibrated to be 0.8.

[0127] Step 762: Determine the velocity difference based on the initial water velocity and the water flow velocity.

[0128] The velocity difference refers to the difference between the initial water velocity and the actual water flow velocity, reflecting the deviation between the actual flow field and the ideal flow field. It is calculated by subtracting the water flow velocity from the initial water velocity.

[0129] If the difference is positive, it indicates that the actual water flow speed is slower than the ideal state; if it is negative, it indicates that the actual water flow is faster. The larger the absolute value of the difference, the more significant the deviation.

[0130] Step 763: Determine the gap grade by measuring the speed difference and the amount of air bubbles.

[0131] Gap grade refers to the width grade of the gap between the material accumulation gap in the contact seat. It is divided into three categories: narrow gap, medium gap, and wide gap. It is determined by coupling the speed difference and the amount of air bubbles. The corresponding gap grade is found by looking up the speed difference and the amount of air bubbles in the gap correspondence table. The gap correspondence table is a data table that records different speed differences and amounts of air bubbles and the corresponding gap grades. It is obtained and recorded by technicians through prior testing.

[0132] Step 764: Based on the cooling stage, determine the correction range by combining the gap grade and pulsation frequency.

[0133] The correction range refers to the amount of adjustment made to the core temperature based on the gap level and the pulsation frequency. It is used to compensate for the impact of differences in heat dissipation between gaps. The corresponding basic correction range is obtained from the correction correspondence table according to the cooling stage and the gap level. The correction correspondence table is a data table that records different cooling stages and gap levels and the corresponding basic correction ranges. It is obtained and recorded by technicians in advance through experiments. Then, the basic correction range is adjusted according to the value of the pulsation frequency. The higher the pulsation frequency, the greater the adjustment value of the correction range.

[0134] Step 765: Correct the core temperature according to the correction range and output it.

[0135] The original core temperature is summed with the correction range and the result is defined as the corrected core temperature, which is then output.

[0136] Step 8: Calculate the temperature difference by combining the core temperature and the average temperature.

[0137] The temperature difference refers to the difference between the core temperature and the average surface temperature, reflecting the difference in heat dissipation between the core and the surface. It is calculated by subtracting the average temperature from the core temperature. If the temperature difference is greater than the temperature difference threshold, it indicates that the core heat dissipation is insufficient and the overall aeration intensity needs to be increased; if it is not greater than the threshold, it indicates that the core and the surface heat dissipation are synchronized.

[0138] Step 9: Correct the aeration parameters by measuring the surface temperature difference and temperature difference, and perform aeration based on the corrected aeration parameters until the core temperature is no greater than the cooling temperature, the surface temperature difference is no greater than the temperature gradient threshold, and the temperature difference is no greater than the temperature difference threshold. Then stop aeration to complete the cooling process.

[0139] The aeration parameters are corrected by adjusting the surface temperature difference and temperature difference value. The specific correction method will be described in detail in the following steps and will not be elaborated here. After correction, aeration is controlled based on the new aeration parameters until the conditions for cooling are met.

[0140] The method for correcting aeration parameters includes the following steps: Step 90: Compare the temperature difference value with the temperature difference threshold, and at the same time compare the surface temperature difference with the temperature gradient threshold.

[0141] The temperature difference value is compared with the temperature difference threshold, and the surface temperature difference is compared with the temperature gradient threshold. Based on the comparison results, a judgment is made and corrections are made using different correction methods.

[0142] Step 91: If only the temperature difference is greater than the temperature difference threshold, determine the first correction parameter based on the temperature difference, the temperature difference threshold and the aeration parameters, and output the first correction parameter as the corrected aeration parameter.

[0143] The condition where only the temperature difference is greater than the temperature difference threshold indicates that the temperature difference exceeds the temperature difference threshold while the surface temperature difference is not greater than the temperature gradient threshold. This indicates that the heat dissipation of the core is insufficient but the surface temperature distribution is uniform, and the overall aeration intensity needs to be enhanced.

[0144] The first correction parameter refers to the aeration parameter after correction only for the condition where the temperature difference exceeds the standard. The specific determination method will be introduced in detail in the subsequent steps, and will not be elaborated here.

[0145] The method for determining the first correction parameter includes the following steps: Step 910: Calculate the temperature difference amplitude by subtracting the temperature difference value from the temperature difference threshold.

[0146] Temperature difference amplitude refers to the specific extent by which the temperature difference exceeds the temperature difference threshold. It quantifies the degree of insufficient heat dissipation in the core and is calculated by subtracting the temperature difference threshold from the temperature difference.

[0147] Step 911: Combine the temperature difference amplitude and the cooling stage to match the temperature difference correction ratio.

[0148] The temperature difference correction ratio refers to the correction ratio of aeration parameters set based on the temperature difference amplitude and the cooling stage. It is used to quantify the adjustment range of aeration intensity and pore size. In this embodiment, the basic ratio is divided according to the temperature difference amplitude: when the temperature difference amplitude is not greater than 5℃, the temperature difference correction ratio is 15%; when the temperature difference amplitude is between 5℃ and 10℃, the temperature difference correction ratio is 20%; when the temperature difference amplitude is greater than 10℃, the temperature difference correction ratio is 25%. Then, it is corrected according to the cooling stage: during the rapid cooling period, the temperature difference correction ratio is multiplied by 1.2 for adjustment; during the stable cooling period, no adjustment is required; and during the period approaching equilibrium, the temperature difference correction ratio is multiplied by 0.8 for adjustment.

[0149] Step 912: Correct the aeration intensity and aeration orifice diameter based on the temperature difference correction ratio.

[0150] The correction is calculated using the following formula: Corrected aeration intensity = Original aeration intensity * (1 + temperature difference correction ratio), Corrected aeration orifice diameter = Original aeration orifice diameter * (1 - temperature difference correction ratio).

[0151] Step 913: Integrate the corrected aeration intensity and aeration aperture to obtain the first corrected parameter.

[0152] The corrected aeration intensity and aeration orifice size are integrated and output as the first correction parameter.

[0153] Step 92: If only the surface temperature difference is greater than the temperature gradient threshold, determine the second correction parameter based on the surface temperature difference, the temperature gradient threshold, and the aeration parameters, and output the second correction parameter as the corrected aeration parameter.

[0154] If only the surface temperature difference is greater than the temperature gradient threshold, it means that the surface temperature difference exceeds the temperature gradient threshold. If the temperature difference is not greater than the temperature difference threshold, it means that the surface heat dissipation is uneven but the core heat dissipation meets the standard, and the aeration distribution needs to be adjusted locally.

[0155] The second correction parameter refers to the aeration parameter after correction only for the condition where the surface temperature difference exceeds the standard. The specific determination method will be introduced in detail in the subsequent steps, and will not be elaborated here.

[0156] The method for determining the second correction parameter includes the following steps: Step 920: Determine the cooling locations corresponding to the maximum and minimum surface temperatures.

[0157] Cooling position refers to the specific area coordinates corresponding to the maximum and minimum surface temperatures, i.e., the target position where aeration needs to be adjusted locally. It is determined by the coordinate data of the temperature acquisition points. The acquisition point corresponding to the maximum surface temperature and its surrounding 10 cm area are the high-temperature cooling positions; the acquisition point corresponding to the minimum surface temperature and its surrounding 10 cm area are the low-temperature cooling positions. The position coordinates are established with the center of the raw material of the contact seat as the origin.

[0158] Step 921: Calculate the temperature gradient amplitude by subtracting the surface temperature difference from the temperature gradient threshold.

[0159] Temperature gradient amplitude refers to the specific extent by which the surface temperature difference exceeds the temperature gradient threshold. It quantifies the degree of uneven heat dissipation on the surface and is calculated by subtracting the temperature gradient threshold from the surface temperature difference.

[0160] Step 922: Combine the temperature gradient amplitude and the cooling stage to match the temperature gradient correction ratio.

[0161] The temperature gradient correction ratio refers to the local aeration intensity correction ratio set based on the temperature gradient amplitude and the cooling stage. It is used to quantify the adjustment range of high temperature and low temperature areas. In this embodiment, the basic ratio is divided according to the temperature gradient amplitude: when the temperature gradient amplitude is not greater than 3℃, the temperature gradient correction ratio is 10%; when the temperature gradient amplitude is between 3℃ and 5℃, the temperature gradient correction ratio is 15%; when the temperature gradient amplitude is greater than 5℃, the temperature gradient correction ratio is 20%. Then, it is corrected according to the cooling stage: during the rapid cooling period, the temperature gradient correction ratio is multiplied by 1.1 for adjustment; during the stable cooling period, no adjustment is required; and during the period approaching equilibrium, the temperature gradient correction ratio is multiplied by 0.9 for adjustment.

[0162] Step 923: Correct the aeration intensity at the cooling positions corresponding to the maximum and minimum surface temperatures based on the temperature gradient correction ratio.

[0163] The correction is calculated according to the formula: Aeration intensity corresponding to the high temperature cooling position = Aeration intensity before correction * (1 + temperature gradient correction ratio), Aeration intensity corresponding to the low temperature cooling position = Aeration intensity before correction * (1 - temperature gradient correction ratio).

[0164] Step 924: Integrate the cooling positions corresponding to the maximum and minimum surface temperatures with the corrected aeration intensity to obtain the second correction parameter.

[0165] The high-temperature cooling location and its corresponding aeration intensity are integrated with the low-temperature cooling location and its corresponding aeration intensity and output as the second correction parameter.

[0166] Step 930: If the temperature difference is greater than the temperature difference threshold and the surface temperature difference is greater than the temperature gradient threshold, proceed to step 91.

[0167] A temperature difference greater than the temperature difference threshold and a surface temperature difference greater than the temperature gradient threshold indicate that both the temperature difference and the surface temperature difference exceed the corresponding thresholds. This indicates that the core has insufficient heat dissipation and the surface distribution is uneven, requiring overall enhancement followed by local optimization.

[0168] Step 931: After the temperature difference is no greater than the temperature difference threshold, proceed to step 92 until the surface temperature difference is no greater than the temperature gradient threshold.

[0169] At this point, if the temperature difference is not greater than the temperature difference threshold, it means that the heat dissipation of the core has met the standard after adjusting the aeration parameters. Continue to optimize locally until both the temperature difference and the surface temperature difference meet the standard, that is, there is no need to adjust the aeration parameters.

[0170] Step 94: If the temperature difference is not greater than the temperature difference threshold and the surface temperature difference is not greater than the temperature gradient threshold, the aeration parameters are not corrected.

[0171] A temperature difference not exceeding the temperature difference threshold and a surface temperature difference not exceeding the temperature gradient threshold indicate that both the temperature difference and the surface temperature difference are within the corresponding threshold range. This indicates that the heat dissipation of the core and the surface are both up to standard, the cooling effect meets the requirements, and no correction of the aeration parameters is needed.

[0172] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat treatment method for hot-forged blanks, characterized in that, include: Step 1: In response to the trigger signal, acquire the eddy current voltage value; Step 2: Determine the material type based on the eddy current voltage value and the preset voltage range; Step 3: Match aeration parameters, cooling temperature, temperature gradient threshold, and temperature difference threshold based on material type; Step 4: Control the preset aeration equipment (32) to perform aeration by controlling the aeration parameters, and obtain the surface temperature; Step 5: Filter the maximum and minimum values ​​from the surface temperatures, and define the maximum value as the maximum surface temperature and the minimum value as the minimum surface temperature; Step 6: Calculate the surface temperature difference based on the maximum and minimum surface temperatures, and calculate the average temperature based on the surface temperatures; Step 7: Determine the core temperature based on the material type and average temperature; Step 8: Calculate the temperature difference by combining the core temperature and the average temperature; Step 9: Correct the aeration parameters by measuring the surface temperature difference and temperature difference, and perform aeration based on the corrected aeration parameters until the core temperature is no greater than the cooling temperature, the surface temperature difference is no greater than the temperature gradient threshold, and the temperature difference is no greater than the temperature difference threshold. Then stop aeration to complete the cooling process.

2. The heat treatment method for hot-forged blanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for determining core temperature include: Step 70: Collect cooling time; Step 71: Calculate the average temperature change at the beginning and end of the cooling time, and define it as the average temperature difference value; Step 72: Calculate the descent rate based on the cooling time and average temperature difference; Step 73: Match heat dissipation efficiency according to material type; Step 74: Determine the corrected temperature difference based on the descent rate and heat dissipation efficiency combined with the surface temperature difference; Step 75: Calculate and determine the core temperature by combining the average temperature and the corrected temperature difference.

3. The heat treatment method for a hot-forged blank according to claim 2, characterized in that, Methods for determining the corrected temperature difference include: Step 740: Match the cooling stage according to the descent rate; Step 741: Determine the fluctuation range based on the cooling stage, and then determine the base temperature difference by combining the cooling stage and heat dissipation efficiency; Step 742: Compare the surface temperature difference with the fluctuation range to determine the temperature difference to be adjusted; Step 743: Sum the base temperature difference and the adjustment temperature difference to obtain the corrected temperature difference.

4. The heat treatment method for a hot-forged blank according to claim 3, characterized in that, Other methods for obtaining core temperature include: Step 760: Collect water flow velocity, bubble volume, and pulsation frequency; Step 761: Read the aeration intensity and aeration orifice diameter from the aeration parameters and determine the initial water velocity; Step 762: Determine the velocity difference based on the initial water velocity and the water flow velocity; Step 763: Determine the gap grade using the speed difference and the amount of air bubbles; Step 764: Based on the cooling stage, determine the correction range by combining the gap grade and pulsation frequency; Step 765: Correct the core temperature according to the correction range and output it.

5. A heat treatment method for a hot-forged blank according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for correcting aeration parameters include: Step 90: Compare the temperature difference value with the temperature difference threshold, and at the same time compare the surface temperature difference with the temperature gradient threshold; Step 91: If only the temperature difference is greater than the temperature difference threshold, determine the first correction parameter based on the temperature difference, the temperature difference threshold, and the aeration parameters, and output the first correction parameter as the corrected aeration parameter. Step 92: If only the surface temperature difference is greater than the temperature gradient threshold, determine the second correction parameter based on the surface temperature difference, the temperature gradient threshold, and the aeration parameters, and output the second correction parameter as the corrected aeration parameter. Step 930: If the temperature difference is greater than the temperature difference threshold and the surface temperature difference is greater than the temperature gradient threshold, proceed to step 91; Step 931: After the temperature difference is no greater than the temperature difference threshold, proceed to step 92 until the surface temperature difference is no greater than the temperature gradient threshold. Step 94: If the temperature difference is not greater than the temperature difference threshold and the surface temperature difference is not greater than the temperature gradient threshold, the aeration parameters are not corrected.

6. A heat treatment method for a hot-forged blank according to claim 5, characterized in that, The methods for determining the first correction parameter include: Step 910: Calculate the temperature difference amplitude by subtracting the temperature difference value from the temperature difference threshold. Step 911: Combine the temperature difference amplitude and the cooling stage to match the temperature difference correction ratio; Step 912: Correct the aeration intensity and aeration orifice diameter based on the temperature difference correction ratio; Step 913: Integrate the corrected aeration intensity and aeration aperture to obtain the first corrected parameter.

7. A heat treatment method for a hot-forged blank according to claim 5, characterized in that, The methods for determining the second correction parameter include: Step 920: Determine the cooling locations corresponding to the maximum and minimum surface temperatures, respectively; Step 921: Calculate the temperature gradient amplitude by subtracting the surface temperature difference from the temperature gradient threshold. Step 922: Match the temperature gradient correction ratio based on the temperature gradient amplitude and the cooling stage; Step 923: Correct the aeration intensity at the cooling positions corresponding to the maximum and minimum surface temperatures based on the temperature gradient correction ratio; Step 924: Integrate the cooling positions corresponding to the maximum and minimum surface temperatures with the corrected aeration intensity to obtain the second correction parameter.

8. A heat treatment method for a hot-forged blank according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for collecting eddy current voltage values ​​include: Step 10: Obtain raw material parameters and ambient temperature; Step 11: Determine the sampling points based on the raw material parameters and the preset safety distance, and determine the sampling frequency based on the raw material parameters; Step 12: Determine the preheating temperature based on the ambient temperature and the preset deviation temperature; Step 13: Preheat the preset eddy current sensor based on the preheating temperature, and simultaneously control the eddy current sensor to move to the acquisition point. Step 14: Collect data according to the acquisition frequency to obtain multiple sets of initial eddy current voltage values; Step 15: Calculate the average voltage value using multiple sets of initial eddy current voltage values, and use it as the eddy current voltage value.

9. A heat treatment method for a hot-forged blank according to claim 8, characterized in that, Methods for obtaining surface temperature include: Step 40: Collect interference data; Step 41: Determine the weighting coefficient and the number of probes based on the material type; Step 42: Determine the temperature acquisition location based on raw material parameters and the number of probes; Step 43: Calculate the interference intensity value by combining the interference data and weighting coefficients; Step 44: Match purging parameters using interference intensity values; Step 45: Determine the delay time based on the purging parameters and material type; Step 46: In response to the temperature acquisition signal, purge based on the purging parameters to form an annular air curtain; Step 47: After the delay time, perform temperature acquisition based on the temperature acquisition location to obtain the surface temperature.

10. A heat treatment apparatus for hot forging blanks, controlled by a heat treatment method for hot forging blanks as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a conveying heating structure (1), characterized in that, It also includes an aeration cooling structure (3) with a cold water pool (31); The transport heating structure (1) includes a transport plate (11) for transporting raw materials, a heating furnace (14) installed above the transport plate (11) for heating the raw materials, and a hoisting device (15) installed on the heating furnace (14) for hoisting the raw materials on the transport plate (11) into the heating furnace (14). A sealing structure (2) for controlling the opening and closing of the opening end of the heating furnace (14) is provided on one side of the heating furnace (14). The cold water tank (31) is used to perform water-cooled quenching treatment on the heated raw materials. The aeration cooling structure (3) also includes an aeration device (32) set at the bottom of the cold water tank (31) and used to agitate the cooling water in the cold water tank (31).

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