A jacking support construction device and method for quick replacement of bridge bearings

Abstract

This application discloses a jacking support construction device and method for rapid replacement of bridge bearings, comprising: a jacking support mechanism, a base, a base plate, and a self-locking mechanism; the jacking support mechanism integrates a hydraulic jacking structure and a mechanical support structure, the hydraulic jacking structure being used to jack the box girder, and the mechanical support structure being used to support the box girder; the hydraulic jacking structure includes a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod fitted inside the cylinder, the cylinder having inlet and outlet ports for connecting to a hydraulic station via hydraulic oil pipes; the self-locking mechanism consists of a hydraulic self-locking component and a mechanical self-locking component, the hydraulic self-locking component being located within the hydraulic jacking structure to lock the inlet and outlet ports, and the mechanical self-locking component being located within the mechanical support structure to lock the mechanical support structure; the jacking support mechanism is mounted on the base plate via the base, the base plate being fixedly placed on the support platform; the base and the base plate are provided with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the jacking support mechanism. This device eliminates the need to transport and stack support components, reducing construction steps and improving efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of bridge bearing replacement technology, and in particular to a jacking support construction device and method for rapid replacement of bridge bearings. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of bridge operation and maintenance, bearing replacement is a key construction step to ensure the structural safety of bridges and restore their service performance. Currently, the mainstream bridge bearing replacement construction adopts a process of split hydraulic jacking combined with external temporary support. Although this process is widely used, it has many technical defects and can no longer meet the needs of modern bridge maintenance that require high efficiency, low consumption, and high safety.

[0003] In existing technologies, hydraulic jacking equipment only has dynamic jacking function and cannot be used as a long-term load-bearing component. After the beam is jacked into place, temporary support components such as steel pads and steel wedges need to be manually stacked in the gap between the bottom of the beam and the top of the pier. Only after the force conversion is completed can the support replacement work be carried out. The whole process is cumbersome, the construction period is long, and the construction efficiency is greatly reduced. Moreover, the temporary support needs to be repeatedly moved, leveled and stacked manually. The labor intensity of high-altitude operation is extremely high, and the error of manual operation is difficult to avoid. It is very easy to cause problems such as support misalignment and uneven force, which may create structural safety hazards.

[0004] Meanwhile, traditional hydraulic jacking equipment lacks a reliable self-locking protection structure and relies solely on the hydraulic system to maintain pressure. Under long-term load, hydraulic oil leakage, pressure relief, and retraction are likely to occur, causing the beam to sink, shift, or even become unstable.

[0005] In addition, the existing jacking devices and temporary support components are mostly in a separate layout. Installation and positioning rely on repeated manual movement. They lack a precise and adjustable fixed base, making it difficult to quickly achieve coaxial alignment between the jacking support point and the stress point of the beam.

[0006] In response to the numerous drawbacks of the existing technologies, the development of a lifting and supporting device that integrates lifting and supporting functions, has self-locking protection, and is easy and stable to install has become a pressing technical challenge in the field of bridge rapid bearing replacement construction. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main purpose of this application is to propose a jacking support construction device and method for rapid replacement of bridge bearings, which aims to solve the problems that existing jacking equipment cannot be used as long-term load-bearing components, lacks a reliable self-locking protection structure, and is difficult to quickly achieve coaxial alignment between the jacking support point and the stress point of the beam.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the bridge quick-replacement bearing jacking support construction device proposed in this application includes a jacking support mechanism, a base, a base plate, and a self-locking mechanism;

[0009] The lifting support mechanism integrates a hydraulic lifting structure and a mechanical support structure. The hydraulic lifting structure is used to lift the box girder, and the mechanical support structure is used to support the box girder.

[0010] The hydraulic lifting structure includes a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod installed inside the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is provided with an oil inlet and outlet for connecting to a hydraulic station via hydraulic oil pipes.

[0011] The self-locking mechanism is divided into a hydraulic self-locking component and a mechanical self-locking component. The hydraulic self-locking component is located inside the hydraulic lifting structure and is used to lock the inlet and outlet oil ports. The mechanical self-locking component is located inside the mechanical support structure and is used to lock the mechanical support structure.

[0012] The lifting support mechanism is mounted on the base plate via the base, and the base plate is fixedly placed on the support platform;

[0013] The base and bottom plate are equipped with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the lifting support mechanism.

[0014] Optionally, the hydraulic self-locking assembly includes a one-way self-locking valve and an adjusting lock-up valve, both of which are installed inside the cylinder at the inlet and outlet ports.

[0015] The one-way self-locking valve prevents hydraulic oil from flowing out by self-locking, and can automatically push open the valve port when hydraulic oil enters;

[0016] The adjustable locking valve can control the valve opening degree;

[0017] An adjustment and control component is provided between the hydraulic self-locking assembly and the inlet / outlet oil port, which is used to open the adjustment lock valve alone or to open the adjustment lock valve and the one-way self-locking valve simultaneously.

[0018] Optionally, the one-way self-locking valve includes a self-locking valve chamber and a self-locking valve core located within the self-locking valve chamber;

[0019] The self-locking valve chamber is located on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the oil cylinder, and the upper end of the self-locking valve chamber is connected to the inner cavity of the oil cylinder. The lower end of the self-locking valve chamber is connected to the inlet and outlet oil ports through an oil passage.

[0020] The side of the self-locking valve chamber is provided with a first locking surface and a second locking surface from top to bottom;

[0021] The side of the self-locking valve core is provided with a third locking surface for fitting with the first locking surface and a fourth locking surface for fitting with the second locking surface, wherein a sealing pad is wrapped on the fourth locking surface.

[0022] A hydraulic plate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the self-locking valve core to withstand the hydraulic pressure inside the cylinder;

[0023] The self-locking valve core is uniformly provided with multiple guide structures in the circumferential direction to guide the opening and closing of the self-locking valve core.

[0024] Optionally, the regulating lock-up valve includes a lock-up valve chamber and a lock-up valve core located within the lock-up valve chamber;

[0025] The locking valve cavity is located outside the oil passage, the locking valve core has a spherical structure, and the locking valve cavity is provided with a fifth locking surface for fitting with the surface of the locking valve core;

[0026] A threaded adjustment structure is provided on the outside of the oil inlet and outlet. A first push rod is provided between the threaded adjustment structure and the adjustment lock-up valve. The first end of the first push rod is rotatably connected to the threaded adjustment structure, and the second end of the first push rod is fixedly connected to the lock-up valve core.

[0027] The threaded adjustment structure is used to move the locking valve core closer to or further away from the fifth locking surface via the first push rod.

[0028] Optionally, the adjustment control component includes an adjustment cavity, which is opened outside the oil passage and located below the self-locking valve cavity. A groove is provided in the adjustment cavity along the axial direction of the oil passage. A wedge block is slidably arranged in the groove. A top block is provided above the wedge block. The top block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the self-locking valve core. The lower end of the top block is provided with a sliding surface parallel to the upper inclined surface of the wedge block.

[0029] A second push rod is fixedly connected between the wedge block and the locking valve core;

[0030] The adjustment and control assembly also includes the threaded adjustment structure, which is used to drive the wedge block to slide back and forth along the groove via the second push rod.

[0031] Optionally, the mechanical support structure includes a support cylinder, which is sleeved on the outside of the hydraulic cylinder and threadedly connected to the outside of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0032] A sliding limiting structure is provided between the piston rod and the oil cylinder to prevent the piston rod and the oil cylinder from rotating relative to each other;

[0033] The mechanical self-locking assembly includes a ratchet and a ratchet tooth. The ratchet is coaxially arranged with the piston rod and is fixedly connected to the top surface of the piston rod. At least one receiving groove is provided on the inner side of the support cylinder near the top surface. The ratchet tooth is slidably arranged in the receiving groove. A first compression spring is fixed between the inner end of the ratchet tooth and the bottom surface of the receiving groove. The outer end of the ratchet tooth meshes with the ratchet.

[0034] Optionally, the bottom surface of the receiving groove is provided with a through hole, and a pull rod is provided in the through hole. The first end of the pull rod is rotatably connected to the inner end of the ratchet, and the second end of the pull rod extends to the outside of the support cylinder and is fixedly provided with a handle.

[0035] A sliding groove distributed along the axis is provided on the side of the through hole, and a locking block is slidably provided in the sliding groove. The locking block is fixedly provided on the side of the pull rod. A locking groove perpendicular to and communicating with the sliding groove is provided on the side of the through hole for locking the locking block.

[0036] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment groove and a sliding fixing member;

[0037] The base plate is provided with a plurality of crisscrossing adjustment grooves, and a plurality of sliding fixing parts are slidably arranged in the adjustment grooves;

[0038] The base is disposed on the base plate and is connected to the sliding fastener by a threaded fastening structure, which is used to lock the sliding fastener with the adjusting groove.

[0039] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism further includes a fine-tuning mechanism, which includes a fine-tuning groove and a square fine-tuning block;

[0040] The base includes a mounting plate and a sliding plate slidably disposed on the mounting plate. The top surface of the mounting plate is provided with the fine-tuning groove, and the fine-tuning block is provided in the fine-tuning groove. The fine-tuning block is fixedly connected to the sliding plate.

[0041] The fine-tuning block is provided with guide rails around its perimeter, and a slider is slidably mounted on the guide rails. Two adjacent sides of the fine-tuning groove are provided with threaded through holes that communicate with the outside. Adjusting screws are threadedly connected to the threaded through holes. The inner ends of the two adjusting screws are connected to the corresponding sliders, and the outer ends of the two adjusting screws are fixedly provided with adjusting knobs.

[0042] The other two sliders are provided with a sliding guide structure between them and the side of the fine-tuning groove, which is used to guide the movement of the fine-tuning block;

[0043] The lifting support mechanism is fixedly installed on the sliding plate.

[0044] Optionally, the threaded fastening structure includes a fastening cavity, which is formed inside the base. A driven helical gear is rotatably disposed inside the fastening cavity. A threaded hole for threaded connection with the sliding fixing member is formed at the axis of the driven helical gear. A driving helical gear is meshed on the driven helical gear. A fastening rod is fixedly connected to the center of the driving helical gear. The other end of the fastening rod extends through the side wall of the fastening cavity to the outside of the base and is connected to a fastening knob.

[0045] Optionally, the base plate is composed of multiple square splicing panels, and adjacent splicing panels are connected by I-shaped connecting blocks;

[0046] The two ends of the connecting block are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the splicing plate. The bottom surface of the splicing plate is provided with a connecting groove that matches the shape of the connecting block. The two ends of the connecting block are respectively embedded in the connecting grooves of the two splicing plates and fixed by bolts.

[0047] A method for constructing a jacking support for rapid replacement of bridge bearings, comprising:

[0048] The panels are spliced ​​together to form a base plate, and the base plate is fixed to the support platform;

[0049] Place the base on the base plate, push the base to move the sliding fixing part along the longitudinal and transverse slide grooves to achieve initial positioning and fix the position of the base;

[0050] Millimeter-level alignment of the lifting support mechanism is achieved through a two-dimensional fine-tuning mechanism;

[0051] Connect the hydraulic station to the inlet and outlet ports, start the hydraulic station to supply oil, and push the piston rod to lift the box girder;

[0052] Adjust the height of the support cylinder to make it fit tightly against the bottom of the beam, ensuring that it is subjected to force synchronously with the hydraulic jacking structure after jacking;

[0053] After the jacking is completed and the old support is completely freed, the oil supply is stopped, the one-way self-locking valve closes automatically, and the control and regulating locking valve closes, forming a hydraulic double locking; the ratchet and ratchet mechanically lock the support cylinder;

[0054] Remove the old bearings, clean the pad stones, and install new bearings to complete the bearing replacement.

[0055] Pull the handle to unlock the mechanical self-locking mechanism, reverse and lower the support cylinder, rotate the threaded adjustment structure to control the piston rod to move down until the new support is fully stressed;

[0056] Depressurize the hydraulic station, disassemble the lifting support mechanism and base plate, disassemble and store the splicing panels, clean up the construction site, and complete all construction work.

[0057] The beneficial effects of the jacking support construction device for quick replacement of bridge bearings disclosed in this application are as follows:

[0058] This application's technical solution includes a lifting support mechanism, a base, a base plate, and a self-locking mechanism. The lifting support mechanism integrates a hydraulic lifting structure and a mechanical support structure. The hydraulic lifting structure is used to lift the box girder, and the mechanical support structure is used to support the box girder. The hydraulic lifting structure includes a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod that is fitted inside the cylinder. The cylinder has inlet and outlet ports for connecting to a hydraulic station via hydraulic oil pipes. The self-locking mechanism consists of a hydraulic self-locking component and a mechanical self-locking component. The hydraulic self-locking component is located inside the hydraulic lifting structure and is used to lock the inlet and outlet ports. The mechanical self-locking component is located inside the mechanical support structure and is used to lock the mechanical support structure. The lifting support mechanism is mounted on the base plate via the base, and the base plate is fixedly placed on the support platform. The base and the base plate are equipped with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the lifting support mechanism. Based on the dimensions of the piers / cap beams, the base plate is spliced ​​and fixed to the top surface of the support platform using expansion bolts, welded blocks, etc., ensuring the base plate is flat and without any gaps. The base is placed on the adjustment mechanism of the base plate, and the coarse and fine adjustments of the lifting support mechanism are completed through the adjustment mechanism to align the lifting support mechanism with the core stress areas such as the bottom web / ribs of the beam. The hydraulic station is connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the cylinder, and the hydraulic station supplies oil to push the piston rod to extend, lifting the box girder to the target height where the old support is completely detached. After the box girder is in place, the hydraulic self-locking component locks the oil inlet and outlet to prevent hydraulic oil backflow. The mechanical self-locking component locks the mechanical support structure simultaneously, forming a double rigid support. Under the stable support of the double rigid support, the old support is removed, the pad stones are cleaned, and the new support is installed. Finally, the mechanical self-locking component and the hydraulic self-locking component are unlocked, the hydraulic station returns oil, driving the piston rod to fall back, and the box girder falls onto the new support. Then, the adjustment mechanism, base, and base plate are disassembled to complete the construction. This device integrates hydraulic jacking and mechanical support, eliminating the need for additional handling and stacking of temporary support components, reducing construction steps and improving construction efficiency. The dual self-locking of hydraulic and mechanical components structurally prevents pressure leakage and fall, ensuring support reliability far exceeding that of traditional single hydraulic pressure-holding modes. The adjustment mechanism can adapt to different pier and cap beam sizes and different support installation positions, offering strong versatility. The entire process of jacking, supporting, replacing supports, and lowering beams is integrated, eliminating complex process connections and shortening the construction cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0059] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0060] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the jacking support construction device for the bridge quick bearing replacement in this application.

[0061] Figure 2This is a top view schematic diagram of the main structure of the jacking support construction device for the bridge quick bearing replacement in this application;

[0062] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main internal structure of the jacking support construction device for the bridge quick bearing replacement in this application.

[0063] Figure 4 The jacking support construction device for rapid replacement of bridge bearings as described in this application Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line AA;

[0064] Figure 5 The jacking support construction device for rapid replacement of bridge bearings as described in this application Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line BB;

[0065] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom plate in the jacking support construction device for the bridge quick-replacement bearing of this application.

[0066] Figure 7 This is a side view of the bottom plate of the jacking support construction device for the bridge quick-replacement bearing in this application.

[0067] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding fixing component in the jacking support construction device for the bridge quick-replacement bearing of this application.

[0068] Figure 9 The jacking support construction device for rapid replacement of bridge bearings as described in this application Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point C;

[0069] Figure 10 The jacking support construction device for rapid replacement of bridge bearings as described in this application Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point D;

[0070] Figure 11 The jacking support construction device for rapid replacement of bridge bearings as described in this application Figure 3 A magnified view of the local structure at point E in the middle;

[0071] Figure 12 The jacking support construction device for rapid replacement of bridge bearings as described in this application Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point F.

[0072] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0073] 1. Hydraulic lifting structure; 110. Oil cylinder; 120. Piston rod; 121. Second anti-slip pad; 130. Oil inlet / outlet; 140. Oil passage; 150. Sliding limit structure;

[0074] 2. Mechanical support structure; 210. Support cylinder; 211. First anti-slip pad; 212. Insertion hole;

[0075] 3. Base; 310. Mounting plate; 320. Sliding plate;

[0076] 4. Base plate; 401. Splicing plate; 402. Connecting block; 403. Bolt;

[0077] 5. Hydraulic self-locking assembly;

[0078] 510. One-way self-locking valve; 5110. Self-locking valve chamber; 5111. First locking surface; 5112. Second locking surface; 5120. Self-locking valve core; 5121. Third locking surface; 5122. Fourth locking surface; 5123. Sealing gasket; 5124. Hydraulic plate; 5125. Guide structure;

[0079] 520. Adjusting lock-up valve; 5210. Lock-up valve chamber; 5211. Fifth locking surface; 5220. Lock-up valve core;

[0080] 530. Adjustment control component; 531. Threaded adjustment structure; 532. First push rod; 533. Adjustment cavity; 534. Slide groove; 535. Wedge block; 536. Top block; 537. Second push rod; 538. Sliding surface;

[0081] 6. Mechanical self-locking assembly; 601. Ratchet; 602. Ratchet tooth; 603. Receiving groove; 604. First compression spring; 605. Through hole; 606. Pull rod; 607. Handle; 608. Locking block; 609. Locking groove;

[0082] 710. Adjusting slide; 720. Sliding fastener;

[0083] 730. Threaded fastening structure; 731. Fastening cavity; 732. Driven helical gear; 733. Threaded hole; 734. Driving helical gear; 735. Fastening rod; 736. Fastening knob;

[0084] 740. Fine-tuning mechanism; 741. Fine-tuning groove; 742. Fine-tuning block; 743. Guide rail; 744. Slider; 745. Threaded through hole; 746. Adjusting screw; 747. Adjusting knob; 748. Sliding guide structure.

[0085] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0086] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0087] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly set on the other component; when a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0088] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0089] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, if the word "and / or" appears throughout the text, it means including three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0090] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application, provided that they do not affect the effects and purposes that this application can produce.

[0091] In the field of bridge operation and maintenance, bearing replacement is a key construction step to ensure the structural safety of bridges and restore their service performance. Currently, the mainstream bridge bearing replacement construction adopts a process of split hydraulic jacking combined with external temporary support. Although this process is widely used, it has many technical defects and can no longer meet the needs of modern bridge maintenance that require high efficiency, low consumption, and high safety.

[0092] In existing technologies, hydraulic jacking equipment only has dynamic jacking function and cannot be used as a long-term load-bearing component. After the beam is jacked into place, temporary support components such as steel pads and steel wedges need to be manually stacked in the gap between the bottom of the beam and the top of the pier. Only after the force conversion is completed can the support replacement work be carried out. The whole process is cumbersome and the construction cycle is long, which greatly reduces the construction efficiency. Moreover, the temporary support needs to be repeatedly moved, leveled and stacked manually. The labor intensity of high-altitude operation is extremely high, and the error of manual operation is difficult to avoid. It is very easy to cause problems such as support misalignment and uneven force, which may create structural safety hazards.

[0093] Meanwhile, traditional hydraulic jacking equipment lacks a reliable self-locking protection structure and relies solely on the hydraulic system to maintain pressure. Under long-term load, hydraulic oil leakage, pressure relief, and retraction are likely to occur, causing the beam to sink, shift, or even become unstable.

[0094] In addition, the existing jacking devices and temporary support components are mostly in a separate layout. Installation and positioning rely on repeated manual movement. They lack a precise and adjustable fixed base, making it difficult to quickly achieve coaxial alignment between the jacking support point and the stress point of the beam.

[0095] In response to the numerous drawbacks of the existing technologies, the development of a lifting and supporting device that integrates lifting and supporting functions, has self-locking protection, and is easy and stable to install has become a pressing technical challenge in the field of bridge rapid bearing replacement construction.

[0096] In view of this, this application proposes a jacking support construction device for quick replacement of bridge bearings.

[0097] In the embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figures 1 to 12The aforementioned bridge quick-replacement bearing jacking support construction device includes a jacking support mechanism, a base 3, a base plate 4, and a self-locking mechanism. The jacking support mechanism integrates a hydraulic jacking structure 1 and a mechanical support structure 2. The hydraulic jacking structure 1 is used to jack the box girder, and the mechanical support structure 2 is used to support the box girder. The hydraulic jacking structure 1 includes a cylinder 110 and a piston rod 120 that is fitted inside the cylinder 110. The cylinder 110 is provided with an inlet / outlet port 130 for connecting to a hydraulic station via a hydraulic oil pipe. The self-locking mechanism is divided into a hydraulic self-locking component 5 and a mechanical self-locking component 6. The hydraulic self-locking component 5 is located inside the hydraulic jacking structure 1 and is used to lock the inlet / outlet port 130. The mechanical self-locking component 6 is located inside the mechanical support structure 2 and is used to lock the mechanical support structure 2. The jacking support mechanism is mounted on the base plate 4 via the base 3. The base plate 4 is fixedly mounted on the support platform (pier / cap beam). The base 3 and the base plate 4 are provided with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the jacking support mechanism.

[0098] In this embodiment, the core is "integrated function integration". The traditional separate functions of "lifting, supporting, self-locking and positioning" are concentrated into a single device. The lifting power output is realized through hydraulic drive. Combined with the hydraulic and mechanical dual structure for coordinated locking, it prevents the device from falling back after lifting. The adjustment mechanism solves the position adaptation problem under different working conditions, realizing integrated control of the whole process.

[0099] Specifically, based on the dimensions of the piers / cap beams, the base plate 4 is spliced ​​and fixed to the top surface of the support platform using expansion bolts 403, welded blocks, etc., ensuring that the base plate 4 is flat and without any gaps. The base 3 is placed on the adjustment mechanism of the base plate 4, and the coarse and fine adjustments of the lifting support mechanism are completed through the adjustment mechanism to align the lifting support mechanism with the core stress areas such as the bottom web / ribs of the beam. The hydraulic station is connected to the oil inlet and outlet ports 130 of the cylinder 110, and the hydraulic station supplies oil to push the piston rod 120 to extend, lifting the box girder to the old support completely. The target height for detachment; after the box girder is in place, the hydraulic self-locking component 5 locks the inlet and outlet oil ports 130 to prevent hydraulic oil backflow; the mechanical self-locking component 6 simultaneously locks the mechanical support structure 2, forming a double rigid support; under the stable support of the double rigid support, the old support is removed, the pad stones are cleaned, and the new support is installed; finally, the mechanical self-locking component 6 and the hydraulic self-locking component 5 are unlocked, the hydraulic station returns oil and drives the piston rod 120 to fall back, the box girder falls onto the new support, and then the adjustment mechanism, base 3 and bottom plate 4 are disassembled to complete the construction.

[0100] Further, refer to Figure 3The hydraulic self-locking assembly 5 includes a one-way self-locking valve 510 and an adjusting lock-up valve 520, both installed inside the cylinder 110 at the corresponding inlet / outlet ports 130. The one-way self-locking valve 510 prevents hydraulic oil from flowing out through self-locking, and automatically opens the valve port when hydraulic oil enters. The adjusting lock-up valve 520 can adjust the valve opening degree. An adjusting control assembly 530 is provided between the hydraulic self-locking assembly 5 and the inlet / outlet ports 130, used to open the adjusting lock-up valve 520 alone or simultaneously open the adjusting lock-up valve 520 and the one-way self-locking valve 510. Based on the "hydraulic double locking + controllable return oil" design, the one-way self-locking valve 510 achieves basic hydraulic self-locking to prevent abnormal pressure leakage; the adjusting lock-up valve 520, in conjunction with the adjusting control assembly 530, achieves controllable adjustment of the return oil flow, which can either control the slow return oil to achieve smooth beam lowering or simultaneously unlock to achieve rapid return oil, balancing the safety and flexibility of beam lowering.

[0101] Specifically, the hydraulic station supplies oil to cylinder 110, and the oil pressure automatically opens the one-way self-locking valve 510, allowing hydraulic oil to enter the inner cavity of cylinder 110 and push the piston rod 120 to lift the box girder. At this time, the regulating locking valve 520 is in the open state. Once the box girder is fully lifted, oil supply stops, and the one-way self-locking valve 510 automatically closes under its self-locking action, blocking the inlet and outlet ports 130 and preventing hydraulic oil backflow. Simultaneously, the regulating locking valve 520 is closed by the regulating control component 530, forming a double hydraulic locking system to ensure the stability of the box girder. Slow beam lowering: By adjusting the control component 530 to open the regulating lock valve 520 and appropriately pushing open the one-way self-locking valve 510, hydraulic oil slowly flows out through the one-way self-locking valve 510, the regulating lock valve 520, and the inlet / outlet port 130. The piston rod 120 slowly falls back, achieving smooth beam lowering and avoiding beam impact. Fast beam lowering: By adjusting the control component 530 to simultaneously control the regulating lock valve 520 and the one-way self-locking valve 510 to be fully opened, hydraulic oil quickly flows back, achieving fast beam lowering, which is suitable for emergency construction needs.

[0102] Further, refer to Figure 10The one-way self-locking valve 510 includes a self-locking valve cavity 5110 and a self-locking valve core 5120 located within the self-locking valve cavity 5110. The self-locking valve cavity 5110 is located on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 110, and the upper end of the self-locking valve cavity 5110 communicates with the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 110. The lower end of the self-locking valve cavity 5110 is connected to the inlet / outlet oil port 130 through an oil passage 140. The side of the self-locking valve cavity 5110 is provided with a first locking surface 5111 and a second locking surface 5112 from top to bottom. The valve core 5120 has a third locking surface 5121 for contacting the first locking surface 5111 and a fourth locking surface 5122 for contacting the second locking surface 5112. A sealing gasket 5123 is wrapped around the fourth locking surface 5122. A hydraulic plate 5124 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the self-locking valve core 5120 to withstand the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 110. Multiple guide structures 5125 are evenly arranged around the self-locking valve core 5120 to guide the opening and closing of the self-locking valve core 5120. Based on the principle of "hydraulic pressure boosting and locking, and guide to prevent jamming", the hydraulic plate 5124 bears the oil pressure in the inner cavity of the cylinder 110, pushing the self-locking valve core 5120 to move downward, so that the third and fourth locking surfaces 5122 are tightly fitted with the first and second locking surfaces 5112 respectively, achieving bidirectional sealing; the sealing gasket 5123 further improves the sealing effect and prevents hydraulic oil leakage; the guide structure 5125 guides the opening and closing of the self-locking valve core 5120, avoiding valve core wear and jamming, and ensuring smooth operation.

[0103] Lifting oil inlet: Hydraulic oil enters the inner cavity of the cylinder 110, and the oil pressure acts on the lower end of the self-locking valve core 5120, pushing the self-locking valve core 5120 to move upward. The third and fourth locking surfaces 5122 separate from the first and second locking surfaces 5112, and the oil passage 140 is opened. Hydraulic oil enters the cylinder 110 through the oil passage 140, pushing the piston rod 120 to lift.

[0104] Stop oil supply lock: The hydraulic oil supply stops, the external oil pressure disappears, and the internal oil pressure acts on the oil pressure plate 5124. The self-locking valve core 5120 moves downward under the push of the oil pressure plate 5124. The third locking surface 5121 is in contact with the first locking surface 5111, the fourth locking surface 5122 is in contact with the second locking surface 5112, and the sealing gasket 5123 fills the gap, blocking the oil passage 140 and preventing the hydraulic oil from flowing back.

[0105] Lowering beam unlocking: Adjustment control component 530 pushes self-locking valve core 5120 upward, locking surface separates, oil passage 140 is opened, realizing hydraulic oil return.

[0106] In this embodiment, the greater the oil pressure, the stronger the contact force between the self-locking valve core 5120 and the locking surface, resulting in a more stable and reliable locking effect, which is suitable for the lifting requirements of large-tonnage box girders. The double sealing design of double locking surfaces + sealing gasket 5123 completely eliminates hydraulic oil leakage and further improves the reliability of hydraulic self-locking. The circumferential guide structure 5125 ensures the precise opening and closing trajectory of the self-locking valve core 5120, avoiding jamming and wear caused by valve core misalignment, and extending the service life of the device.

[0107] Further, refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 The regulating lock-up valve 520 includes a lock-up valve cavity 5210 and a lock-up valve core 5220 located within the lock-up valve cavity 5210. The lock-up valve cavity 5210 is located outside the oil passage 140. The lock-up valve core 5220 has a spherical structure. The lock-up valve cavity 5210 has a fifth locking surface 5211 for contacting the surface of the lock-up valve core 5220. A threaded adjustment structure 531 is provided outside the oil inlet / outlet 130. A first push rod 532 is provided between the threaded adjustment structure 531 and the regulating lock-up valve 520. The first end of the first push rod 532 is rotatably connected to the threaded adjustment structure 531, and the second end of the first push rod 532 is fixedly connected to the lock-up valve core 5220. The threaded adjustment structure 531 is used to drive the lock-up valve core 5220 closer to or further away from the fifth locking surface 5211 through the first push rod 532.

[0108] Based on the design of "threaded adjustment driven ball valve core", the extension and retraction of the first push rod 532 is changed by rotating the threaded adjustment structure 531, thereby pushing the ball valve core to fit or separate from the fifth locking surface 5211: when it fits, the valve is closed to achieve locking; when it separates, the valve is opened, and the opening degree is determined by the gap between the ball valve core and the fifth locking surface 5211, thereby controlling the return oil flow.

[0109] Specifically, rotating the threaded adjustment structure 531 pulls the first push rod 532 to retract, causing the spherical valve core to fit tightly against the fifth locking surface 5211, closing the valve and blocking the oil passage 140, thus achieving hydraulic locking; rotating the threaded adjustment structure 531 in the opposite direction pushes the first push rod 532 to extend, causing the spherical valve core to separate from the fifth locking surface 5211, forming a gap, through which hydraulic oil slowly flows out, thus achieving beam lowering.

[0110] In this embodiment, the threaded adjustment structure 531 can precisely control the displacement of the ball valve core, thereby precisely regulating the valve opening; the ball valve core and the fifth locking surface 5211 fit and seal well, which is suitable for high-pressure working conditions, is not easy to wear or jam, and has high reliability; the threaded adjustment structure 531 is located outside the oil inlet and outlet 130, which is convenient for operation and maintenance and is suitable for high-altitude construction scenarios.

[0111] Further, refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10The adjustment control assembly 530 includes an adjustment cavity 533, which is located outside the oil passage 140 and below the self-locking valve cavity 5110. A groove 534 is provided in the adjustment cavity 533 along the axial direction of the oil passage 140. A wedge block 535 is slidably disposed in the groove 534. A top block 536 is provided above the wedge block 535. The top block 536 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the self-locking valve core 5120. The lower end of the top block 536 is provided with a sliding surface 538 parallel to the upper inclined surface of the wedge block 535. A second push rod 537 is fixedly connected between the wedge block 535 and the locking valve core 5220. The adjustment control assembly 530 also includes a threaded adjustment structure 531, which is used to drive the wedge block 535 to slide back and forth along the groove 534 through the second push rod 537. Based on the mechanical transmission principle of "wedge block 535 linkage double valve", the threaded adjustment structure 531 drives the second push rod 537 to push the wedge block 535 to slide along the slide groove 534. The wedge block 535, through the cooperation of the inclined surface and the top block 536, drives the top block 536 to move up and down, thereby driving the self-locking valve core 5120 to open and close. At the same time, the wedge block 535 directly drives the locking valve core 5220 to open and close through the second push rod 537, realizing the synchronous control of the opening and closing of the one-way self-locking valve 510 and the regulating locking valve 520 by a set of mechanisms, simplifying the operation logic.

[0112] Specifically, the threaded adjustment structure 531 includes a threaded adjustment cylinder with one end closed. The threaded adjustment cylinder is coaxially arranged with the oil inlet / outlet 130, and the first end (the open end) of the threaded adjustment cylinder is threaded onto the outside of the oil inlet / outlet 130. The first end of the first push rod 532 is rotatably connected to the inner axis of the second end (the closed end) of the threaded adjustment cylinder. The second end (the closed end) of the threaded adjustment cylinder is rotatably connected to the hydraulic oil pipe, and multiple oil passage holes are evenly opened around the first push rod 532 on the end face of the second end of the threaded adjustment cylinder.

[0113] Locked state: The threaded adjustment structure 531 drives the second push rod 537 to retract, the wedge block 535 slides to the outer end of the slide groove 534, and the top block 536 moves downward under the weight of the self-locking valve core 5120 and the action of oil pressure, and the self-locking valve core 5120 closes; at the same time, the threaded adjustment structure 531 drives the locking valve core 5220 to fit with the fifth locking surface 5211 through the first push rod 532, the valve closes, and the double valve is locked;

[0114] Opening the regulating lock valve 520 separately: The threaded adjusting structure 531 drives the first push rod 532 to extend a certain length, pushing the lock valve core 5220 to separate from the fifth locking surface 5211, and the regulating lock valve 520 opens; at this time, the second push rod 537 will push the wedge block 535 closer to the top block 536. Since the distance the wedge block 535 moves is relatively short, there is still a certain reduction between the wedge block 535 and the top block 536, which does not affect the opening and closing of the self-locking valve core 5120;

[0115] Simultaneously, both valves are activated: the threaded adjustment structure 531 continues to drive the first push rod 532 to extend, the locking valve core 5220 continues to move away from the fifth locking surface 5211, the second push rod 537 pushes the wedge block 535 to slide until it contacts the top block 536, and the inclined surface on the wedge block 535 slides against the sliding surface 538 on the top block 536, that is, the inclined surface of the wedge block 535 pushes the top block 536 to move upward, pushing the self-locking valve core 5120 to lift up, and the one-way self-locking valve 510 opens.

[0116] In this embodiment, the opening and closing of two hydraulic valves are controlled synchronously by a single mechanism, eliminating the need for additional operating components and reducing equipment costs and operational complexity. The inclined surfaces of the wedge block 535 and the top block 536 provide reliable transmission, high transmission efficiency, and no reliance on electrical control, making it suitable for outdoor construction environments. The threaded adjustment structure 531 can precisely control the displacement of the wedge block 535, thereby precisely controlling the opening and closing degree of the two valves and achieving precise adjustment of the beam dropping speed.

[0117] Further, refer to Figure 3 The mechanical support structure 2 includes a support cylinder 210, which is sleeved on the outside of the hydraulic cylinder 110 and threadedly connected to the outside of the hydraulic cylinder 110. A first anti-slip pad 211 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the support cylinder 210. Based on the design of "threaded height adjustment and anti-slip fit", the rotating support cylinder 210 can move up and down along the outer thread of the hydraulic cylinder 110 to adjust the support height and adapt to different beam bottom heights. The first anti-slip pad 211 increases the friction between the support cylinder 210 and the beam bottom, prevents slippage, and ensures support stability.

[0118] Specifically, the side of the support cylinder 210 is provided with an insertion hole 212 for inserting a force-adding rod, so that the support cylinder 210 can be rotated more easily. Before lifting, the support cylinder 210 is rotated and moved along the outer thread of the cylinder 110 to adjust the contact height between the top surface of the support cylinder 210 and the bottom of the beam, so that the support cylinder 210 initially supports the bottom of the beam. The piston rod 120 lifts the box girder, and the support cylinder 210 rises synchronously with the bottom of the beam. Every time it rises a little, the mechanical self-locking component 6 will automatically lock to prevent the support cylinder 210 from reversing. The first anti-slip pad 211 is in close contact with the bottom of the beam to increase friction and prevent the support cylinder 210 from slipping. Mechanical self-locking linkage: After the lifting is in place, the mechanical self-locking component 6 locks the relative position of the support cylinder 210 and the piston rod 120, and the support cylinder 210 forms a rigid support to share the load of the box girder.

[0119] In this embodiment, the threaded connection enables rapid adjustment of the support height, which can be adapted to beam bottoms of different heights, thus improving versatility; the first anti-slip pad 211 increases the coefficient of friction, preventing slippage between the support cylinder 210 and the beam bottom, and ensuring the stability of the rigid support; the support cylinder 210 has a sleeve-type structure, which is convenient for installation and disassembly, and has low maintenance costs.

[0120] Further, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 11 A sliding limiting structure 150 is provided between the piston rod 120 and the oil cylinder 110 to prevent the piston rod 120 and the oil cylinder 110 from rotating relative to each other; the mechanical self-locking assembly 6 includes a ratchet 601 and a ratchet 602. The ratchet 601 is coaxially arranged with the piston rod 120 and is fixedly connected to the top surface of the piston rod 120. A second anti-slip pad 121 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the ratchet 601. At least one receiving groove 603 is provided on the inner side of the support cylinder 210 near the top surface. The ratchet 602 is slidably arranged in the receiving groove 603. A first compression spring 604 is fixedly provided between the inner end of the ratchet 602 and the bottom surface of the receiving groove 603. The outer end of the ratchet 602 meshes with the ratchet 601. Based on the principle of "one-way mechanical self-locking", the sliding limit structure 150 prevents the piston rod 120 from rotating, ensuring the precise meshing of ratchet 601 and ratchet 602; when the support cylinder 210 rotates and rises, ratchet 601 slides along the tooth surface of ratchet 602, and ratchet 602 is reset under the action of the first compression spring 604; when falling back, ratchet 602 is engaged in the tooth groove of ratchet 601, preventing the support cylinder 210 from reversing, thus realizing the mechanical self-locking of the support cylinder 210.

[0121] Specifically, both the upper and lower sides of the ratchet 601 and ratchet 602 have chamfered bevels. When the piston rod 120 and the support cylinder 210 move vertically relative to each other, the bevels can push the ratchet 602 to retract into the receiving groove 603, thereby avoiding interference between the ratchet 601 and ratchet 602. During normal operation, the piston rod 120 extends upward, and the sliding limiting structure 150 (composed of a sliding limiting groove and a sliding limiting block that slide against each other, with the sliding limiting groove and the sliding limiting block located on the side of the piston rod 120 and the side of the cylinder 110, respectively) restricts the rotation of the piston rod 120. The ratchet 601 rises synchronously with the piston rod 120, and the teeth of the ratchet 601 push the ratchet 602. 2. The first compression spring 604 is compressed inward, and the ratchet 602 slides over the tooth groove of the ratchet 601, achieving normal lifting. After lifting to the position, the piston rod 120 remains in the lifting state, and the support cylinder 210 can continue to rotate until the top surface of the support cylinder 210 is flush with the top surface of the ratchet 601. That is, the mechanical support structure 2 and the hydraulic lifting structure 1 simultaneously support the box girder. During the rotation and rise of the support cylinder 210, the ratchet 601 will continuously squeeze the ratchet 602, and the first compression spring 604 will also continuously push the ratchet 602 to reset. The ratchet 602 pops outward and always locks into the nearest tooth groove of the ratchet 601, preventing the support cylinder 210 from reversing and descending, thus achieving mechanical self-locking; the beam is then lowered and unlocked.

[0122] In this embodiment, the purely mechanical one-way self-locking structure of ratchet 601 and ratchet 602 eliminates the need for electrical control and hydraulic reliance, enabling effective locking under any working condition and preventing the risk of the support cylinder 210 reversing and falling back. In conjunction with the hydraulic self-locking component 5, if any locking structure fails, the other structure can still ensure support safety, significantly improving the safety factor. The mechanical self-locking is automatically completed during the ascent process without manual intervention, reducing the operational risks of high-altitude construction.

[0123] Further, refer to Figure 11 The bottom surface of the receiving groove 603 is provided with a through hole 605, and a pull rod 606 is provided in the through hole 605. The first end of the pull rod 606 is rotatably connected to the inner end of the ratchet 602, and the second end of the pull rod 606 extends to the outside of the support cylinder 210 and is fixedly provided with a handle 607. A sliding groove distributed along the axis is provided on the side of the through hole 605, and a locking block 608 is slidably provided in the sliding groove. The locking block 608 is fixedly provided on the side of the pull rod 606. A locking groove 609 perpendicular to and communicating with the sliding groove is provided on the side of the through hole 605 for locking the locking block 608. Based on the "pull-and-lock unlock" design, pulling the handle 607 drives the lever 606 to move outward, pulling the ratchet 602 out of the ratchet 601 groove, thus achieving mechanical unlocking; rotating the handle 607 causes the locking block 608 to engage with the locking groove 609, keeping the ratchet 602 in the disengaged state from the ratchet 601, eliminating the need for continuous manual pulling and facilitating the beam lowering operation; after the beam is lowered, rotating the handle 607 in the opposite direction causes the locking block 608 to disengage from the locking groove 609, the first compression spring 604 to reset, and the ratchet 602 to re-lock the ratchet 601.

[0124] Specifically, before lowering the beam, pull the handle 607 outward, and the pull rod 606 drives the ratchet 602 to move inward, disengaging from the ratchet 601 and compressing the first compression spring 604; rotate the handle 607 90°, and the locking block 608 rotates with the pull rod 606 to the locking slot 609 position, the first compression spring 604 resets, the locking block 608 engages in the locking slot 609, the position of the pull rod 606 is fixed, and the ratchet 602 remains disengaged from the ratchet 601; after the beam is lowered, rotate the handle 607 in the opposite direction, the locking block 608 disengages from the locking slot 609, the pull rod 606 resets under the action of the first compression spring 604, and the ratchet 602 re-engages in the ratchet 601, restoring the mechanical self-locking mechanism.

[0125] In this embodiment, unlocking and holding can be achieved by pulling and rotating the handle 607, which is suitable for high-altitude construction scenarios and reduces the intensity of operation. The cooperation between the locking block 608 and the locking slot 609 can keep the ratchet 602 disengaged from the ratchet 601, eliminating the need for continuous manual pulling and improving the safety and convenience of beam lowering operation. After the locking block 608 disengages from the locking slot 609, the first compression spring 604 automatically resets the ratchet 602, requiring no additional operation and ensuring a smooth process.

[0126] Further, refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7and Figure 8 The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment groove 710 and a sliding fixing component 720. Multiple crisscrossing adjustment grooves 710 are provided on the base plate 4, and multiple sliding fixing components 720 are slidably disposed within the adjustment grooves 710. The base 3 is mounted on the base plate 4 and connected to the sliding fixing components 720 via a threaded fastening structure 730, which locks the sliding fixing components 720 to the adjustment grooves 710. Utilizing the coarse adjustment principle of the grooves 534, the sliding fixing components 720 can move freely along the longitudinal and transverse grooves 534, driving the base 3 to adjust the lateral and longitudinal positions of the lifting support mechanism to adapt to different support spacing and beam bottom stress points. The threaded fastening structure 730 locks after positioning, ensuring that the base 3 does not shift during operation.

[0127] For details, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The cross-section of the adjusting slide 710 is T-shaped, the lower end of the sliding fastener 720 is square and is slidably set in the adjusting slide 710, and the upper end of the sliding fastener 720 is a screw. When the device is installed, push the base 3 to drive the sliding fastener 720 to slide along the adjusting slide 710, and quickly align the lifting support mechanism with the bottom force point of the beam. After the position is calibrated, tighten the threaded fastening structure 730 to lock the sliding fastener 720 with the adjusting slide 710 and fix the position of the base 3.

[0128] In this embodiment, the longitudinal and transverse adjustment grooves 710 enable a wide range of coarse adjustments, adapting to different sizes of piers and support layouts, making them highly versatile; the sliding locking operation is convenient, quickly completing positioning and shortening the initial preparation time; the locking is firm, with no slippage or misalignment during operation, ensuring precise force application.

[0129] Further, refer to Figure 4The adjustment mechanism also includes a fine-tuning mechanism 740, which includes a fine-tuning groove 741 and a square fine-tuning block 742. The base 3 includes a mounting plate 310 and a sliding plate 320 slidably disposed on the mounting plate 310. The top surface of the mounting plate 310 has a fine-tuning groove 741, and the fine-tuning block 742 is disposed in the fine-tuning groove 741. The fine-tuning block 742 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 320. Guide rails 743 are provided around the fine-tuning block 742, and sliders 744 are slidably disposed on the guide rails 743. Two adjacent sides of the fine-tuning groove 741 are provided with threaded through holes 745 communicating with the outside. Adjusting screws 746 are internally threaded into the threaded through holes 745. The inner ends of the two adjusting screws 746 are connected to corresponding sliders 744, and adjusting knobs 747 are fixedly provided on the outer ends of the two adjusting screws 746. A sliding guide structure 748 is provided between the two sliders 744 and the sides of the fine-tuning groove to guide the movement of the fine-tuning block 742. The lifting support mechanism is fixedly mounted on the sliding plate 320. Using the principle of two-dimensional planar fine-tuning, rotating the adjusting screws 746 in the X and Y directions (lateral and longitudinal directions) pushes the sliders 744 and the fine-tuning block 742 to move along the guide rail 743, causing the sliding plate 320 and the lifting support mechanism to perform horizontal two-dimensional fine-tuning, achieving millimeter-level precise alignment between the lifting support point and the stress point at the bottom of the beam, eliminating off-center loading.

[0130] Specifically, after the base 3 is coarsely positioned, rotate the horizontal and vertical adjustment knobs 747 respectively, which will drive the adjustment screw 746 to push the fine adjustment block 742 and make small displacement adjustments along the guide rail 743; until the lifting support mechanism and the bottom force point of the beam are completely coaxially aligned, and the sliding guide structure 748 ensures that the fine adjustment is smooth and without jamming.

[0131] In this embodiment, by adjusting the millimeter-level fine-tuning precision of the screw 746, the traditional problem of eccentric loading during jacking is completely solved, avoiding local damage to the beam and cap beam; the two-dimensional independent adjustment allows for precise operation without the need to repeatedly move the base 3; it adapts to high-precision construction requirements and improves the quality of support replacement construction.

[0132] Further, refer to Figure 5The threaded fastening structure 730 includes a fastening cavity 731. The fastening cavity 731 is formed within the base 3. A driven helical gear 732 is rotatably mounted within the fastening cavity 731. A threaded hole 733 for threaded connection with the sliding fixing member 720 is formed at the axis of the driven helical gear 732. A driving helical gear 734 meshes with the driven helical gear 732. A fastening rod 735 is fixedly connected to the center of the driving helical gear 734. The other end of the fastening rod 735 extends through the side wall of the fastening cavity 731 to the outside of the base 3 and is connected to a fastening knob 736. Utilizing the helical gear reversing transmission principle, rotating the outer fastening knob 736 drives the driving helical gear 734 to rotate via the fastening rod 735, which in turn drives the driven helical gear 732 to rotate. This, in turn, drives the sliding fixing member 720 to press against the sliding groove 534 through the threaded hole 733, thereby locking the base 3 and converting the lateral rotational force into a vertical locking force.

[0133] Specifically, after the base 3 is calibrated, rotate the outer fastening knob 736. The active helical gear 734 drives the driven helical gear 732 to rotate, and the sliding fixing part 720 moves upward with the thread rotation, locking tightly against the inner wall of the slide groove 534. When disassembling, rotate the knob in the opposite direction, and the sliding fixing part 720 will loosen, allowing the position of the base 3 to be readjusted.

[0134] In this embodiment, the helical gear reversing transmission is suitable for narrow high-altitude operating spaces, and can be locked by simply turning it on the side, which is labor-saving and convenient; the locking force is large, the fixation is firm, and the base 3 is prevented from slipping during operation; the pure mechanical structure is durable and not easily damaged.

[0135] Further, refer to Figure 4 The base plate 4 is composed of multiple square splicing plates 401, with adjacent splicing plates 401 connected by I-shaped connecting blocks 402. The two ends of the connecting blocks 402 are connected to the bottom surfaces of the splicing plates 401, and corresponding connecting grooves matching the shape of the connecting blocks 402 are formed on the bottom surfaces of the splicing plates 401. The two ends of the connecting blocks 402 are respectively embedded into the connecting grooves of two corresponding splicing plates 401 and fixed with bolts 403. Adopting a modular splicing principle, a corresponding number of splicing plates 401 are spliced ​​according to the actual dimensions of the pier top / cap beam. The I-shaped connecting blocks 402 ensure the flatness and firmness of the splicing, and the bolts 403 reinforce to prevent loosening, adapting to support platforms of different sizes.

[0136] Specifically, before construction, select splicing plate 401 according to the size of the pier, embed I-shaped connecting block 402 into the connecting groove of adjacent splicing plate 401, tighten bolts 403 to fix it, and form a complete base plate 4; after construction is completed, remove bolts 403 and connecting block 402, and disassemble splicing plate 401 for easy transportation and storage.

[0137] In this embodiment, modular splicing makes transportation and storage convenient, solving the problem of inconvenient transportation of the entire base plate 4. It is also compatible with any size platform, maximizing versatility, and eliminating the need for custom-made base plates 4. The splicing is firm and highly flat, ensuring smooth sliding and precise positioning of the base 3.

[0138] The working principle of this device: The core of this solution is "integrated jacking support + double redundant self-locking + two-dimensional precise positioning," which integrates hydraulic dynamic jacking, mechanical rigid support, double-insurance self-locking, and flexible positioning functions into one, eliminating the drawbacks of traditional split construction. The hydraulic jacking structure provides jacking power to complete the lifting of the box girder; the hydraulic double valve locking forms a double locking system, which, combined with the mechanical support structure with ratchet and ratchet self-locking, forms a hydraulic and mechanical double support, achieving long-term rigid load-bearing capacity and completely eliminating the risk of pressure leakage and fall; the bottom plate splicing adapts to different piers, and the coarse adjustment of the slide groove + two-dimensional fine adjustment achieves precise centering of the jacking support point, and the threaded fastening ensures firm positioning; when lowering the beam, the dual valve linkage control achieves a smooth and impact-free fall. The entire process is streamlined, safe and controllable, highly efficient and low-consumption, perfectly adaptable to the rapid replacement construction of bridge bearings.

[0139] A method for constructing a jacking support for rapid replacement of bridge bearings, comprising:

[0140] [1] Assemble the splicing panels to form a base plate, and fix the base plate to the support platform;

[0141] [2] Place the base on the base plate, push the base to drive the sliding fixing part to slide along the longitudinal and transverse slide grooves to achieve initial positioning and fix the position of the base;

[0142] [3] Millimeter-level centering of the lifting support mechanism is achieved through a two-dimensional fine-tuning mechanism;

[0143] [4] Connect the hydraulic station to the inlet and outlet oil ports, start the hydraulic station to supply oil, and push the piston rod to lift the box girder;

[0144] [5] Adjust the height of the support cylinder so that it is close to the bottom of the beam to ensure that it is subjected to force synchronously with the hydraulic jacking structure after jacking;

[0145] [6] After the jacking is completed and the old support is completely freed, the oil supply is stopped, the one-way self-locking valve closes automatically, and the control and regulating locking valve is closed to form a hydraulic double locking; the ratchet and ratchet mechanically lock the support cylinder;

[0146] 【7】Remove the old bearings, clean the pad stones, and install new bearings to complete the bearing replacement;

[0147] 【8】Pull the handle to unlock the mechanical self-lock, reverse and lower the support cylinder, rotate the threaded adjustment structure, control the piston rod to move down until the new support is fully stressed;

[0148] [9] Depressurize the hydraulic station, disassemble the lifting support mechanism and the base plate, disassemble and store the splicing plate, clean up the construction site, and complete all construction.

[0149] The specific workflow is as follows:

[0150] Base plate assembly and fixing: According to the dimensions of the pier top / cap beam, splice plates are spliced ​​to form the base plate, and the base plate is fixed to the support platform of the pier top / cap beam with expansion bolts to ensure that the base plate is flat and not suspended;

[0151] Rough positioning of the lifting support mechanism: Place the base on the base plate, push the base to drive the sliding fixing part to slide along the longitudinal and transverse slide grooves, quickly and initially align with the stress point at the bottom of the beam, turn the fastening knob to lock the base through the helical gear transmission, and fix the position of the base;

[0152] Precise fine-tuning: Rotating the adjustment knob allows for millimeter-level centering of the lifting support mechanism through a two-dimensional fine-tuning mechanism;

[0153] Hydraulic jacking: Connect the hydraulic station to the inlet and outlet oil ports, start the hydraulic station to supply oil, and the hydraulic oil will automatically push open the one-way self-locking valve and push the piston rod to lift the box girder;

[0154] Adjust the height of the mechanical support: Rotate the support cylinder to adjust the height of the top surface of the support cylinder so that it is close to the bottom of the beam to ensure synchronous force after lifting; during the rotation and rise of the support cylinder, the ratchet and ratchet teeth automatically engage and lock to prevent the support cylinder from reversing and descending.

[0155] Double self-locking load-bearing: After the jacking is completely freed from the old support, the oil supply is stopped, the one-way self-locking valve closes automatically, and the control and regulating locking valve closes, forming a hydraulic double lock to prevent the piston rod from falling after jacking; the ratchet and ratchet mechanical lock the support cylinder, and the two mechanisms jointly support the box girder.

[0156] Bearing replacement work: Under stable support conditions, remove the old bearing, clean the pad stone, and install the new bearing to complete the entire bearing replacement process.

[0157] Unlocking and Controllable Beam Drop: Pull the external handle to unlock the mechanical self-locking mechanism. Rotate the threaded adjustment structure to select slow fine-tuning or fast drop as needed. Control the piston rod to move smoothly down until the new support is fully stressed.

[0158] Equipment dismantling and site clearing: Depressurize the hydraulic station, dismantle the jacking support mechanism and base plate, disassemble and store the splicing panels, clean up the construction site, and complete all construction work.

[0159] This application integrates hydraulic jacking and mechanical support, eliminating the need for additional handling and stacking of temporary support components, reducing construction procedures and improving construction efficiency; the dual self-locking of hydraulic and mechanical components prevents pressure leakage and fall from the structural level, and the support reliability far exceeds that of the traditional single hydraulic pressure holding mode; the adjustment mechanism can be adapted to different pier and cap beam sizes and different support installation positions, with strong versatility; the entire process of jacking, supporting, replacing supports, and lowering beams is integrated, eliminating the need for complex process connections and shortening the construction cycle.

[0160] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the inventive concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A jacking support construction device for rapid replacement of bridge bearings, characterized in that, Includes a lifting support mechanism, base, bottom plate, and self-locking mechanism; The lifting support mechanism integrates a hydraulic lifting structure and a mechanical support structure. The hydraulic lifting structure is used to lift the box girder, and the mechanical support structure is used to support the box girder. The hydraulic lifting structure includes a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod installed inside the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is provided with an oil inlet and outlet for connecting to a hydraulic station via hydraulic oil pipes. The self-locking mechanism is divided into a hydraulic self-locking component and a mechanical self-locking component. The hydraulic self-locking component is located inside the hydraulic lifting structure and is used to lock the inlet and outlet oil ports. The mechanical self-locking component is located inside the mechanical support structure and is used to lock the mechanical support structure. The lifting support mechanism is mounted on the base plate via the base, and the base plate is fixedly placed on the support platform; The base and bottom plate are equipped with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the lifting support mechanism.

2. The bridge quick-replacement bearing jacking support construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic self-locking assembly includes a one-way self-locking valve and an adjusting lock-up valve, both of which are installed inside the cylinder at the inlet and outlet ports. The one-way self-locking valve prevents hydraulic oil from flowing out by self-locking, and can automatically push open the valve port when hydraulic oil enters; The adjustable locking valve can control the valve opening degree; An adjustment and control component is provided between the hydraulic self-locking assembly and the inlet / outlet oil port, which is used to open the adjustment lock valve alone or to open the adjustment lock valve and the one-way self-locking valve simultaneously.

3. The bridge quick-replacement bearing jacking support construction device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The one-way self-locking valve includes a self-locking valve chamber and a self-locking valve core located within the self-locking valve chamber; The self-locking valve chamber is located on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the oil cylinder, and the upper end of the self-locking valve chamber is connected to the inner cavity of the oil cylinder. The lower end of the self-locking valve chamber is connected to the oil inlet and outlet through an oil passage. The side of the self-locking valve chamber is provided with a first locking surface and a second locking surface from top to bottom; The side of the self-locking valve core is provided with a third locking surface for fitting with the first locking surface and a fourth locking surface for fitting with the second locking surface, wherein a sealing pad is wrapped on the fourth locking surface. A hydraulic plate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the self-locking valve core to withstand the hydraulic pressure inside the cylinder; The self-locking valve core is uniformly provided with multiple guide structures in the circumferential direction to guide the opening and closing of the self-locking valve core.

4. The bridge quick-replacement bearing jacking support construction device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The regulating lock-up valve includes a lock-up valve chamber and a lock-up valve core located within the lock-up valve chamber; The locking valve cavity is located outside the oil passage, the locking valve core has a spherical structure, and the locking valve cavity is provided with a fifth locking surface for fitting with the surface of the locking valve core; A threaded adjustment structure is provided on the outside of the oil inlet and outlet. A first push rod is provided between the threaded adjustment structure and the adjustment lock-up valve. The first end of the first push rod is rotatably connected to the threaded adjustment structure, and the second end of the first push rod is fixedly connected to the lock-up valve core. The threaded adjustment structure is used to move the locking valve core closer to or further away from the fifth locking surface via the first push rod.

5. The bridge quick-replacement bearing jacking support construction device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment control component includes an adjustment cavity, which is located outside the oil passage and below the self-locking valve cavity. A groove is provided in the adjustment cavity along the axial direction of the oil passage. A wedge block is slidably arranged in the groove. A top block is provided above the wedge block. The top block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the self-locking valve core. The lower end of the top block is provided with a sliding surface parallel to the upper inclined surface of the wedge block. A second push rod is fixedly connected between the wedge block and the locking valve core; The adjustment and control assembly also includes the threaded adjustment structure, which is used to drive the wedge block to slide back and forth along the groove via the second push rod.

6. The jacking support construction device for quick replacement of bridge bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical support structure includes a support cylinder, which is sleeved on the outside of the hydraulic cylinder and threadedly connected to the outside of the hydraulic cylinder. A sliding limiting structure is provided between the piston rod and the oil cylinder to prevent the piston rod and the oil cylinder from rotating relative to each other; The mechanical self-locking assembly includes a ratchet and a ratchet tooth. The ratchet is coaxially arranged with the piston rod and is fixedly connected to the top surface of the piston rod. At least one receiving groove is provided on the inner side of the support cylinder near the top surface. The ratchet tooth is slidably arranged in the receiving groove. A first compression spring is fixed between the inner end of the ratchet tooth and the bottom surface of the receiving groove. The outer end of the ratchet tooth meshes with the ratchet.

7. The jacking support construction device for quick replacement of bridge bearings according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the receiving groove is provided with a through hole, and a pull rod is provided in the through hole. The first end of the pull rod is rotatably connected to the inner end of the ratchet, and the second end of the pull rod extends to the outside of the support cylinder and is fixedly provided with a handle. A sliding groove distributed along the axis is provided on the side of the through hole, and a locking block is slidably provided in the sliding groove. The locking block is fixedly provided on the side of the pull rod. A locking groove perpendicular to and communicating with the sliding groove is provided on the side of the through hole for locking the locking block.

8. The jacking support construction device for quick replacement of bridge bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment groove and a sliding fixing component; The base plate is provided with a plurality of crisscrossing adjustment grooves, and a plurality of sliding fixing parts are slidably arranged in the adjustment grooves; The base is disposed on the base plate and is connected to the sliding fastener by a threaded fastening structure, which is used to lock the sliding fastener with the adjusting groove.

9. The jacking support construction device for quick replacement of bridge bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism also includes a fine-tuning mechanism, which includes a fine-tuning groove and a square fine-tuning block; The base includes a mounting plate and a sliding plate slidably disposed on the mounting plate. The top surface of the mounting plate is provided with the fine-tuning groove, and the fine-tuning block is provided in the fine-tuning groove. The fine-tuning block is fixedly connected to the sliding plate. The fine-tuning block is provided with guide rails around its perimeter, and a slider is slidably mounted on the guide rails. Two adjacent sides of the fine-tuning groove are provided with threaded through holes that communicate with the outside. Adjusting screws are threadedly connected to the threaded through holes. The inner ends of the two adjusting screws are connected to the corresponding sliders, and the outer ends of the two adjusting screws are fixedly provided with adjusting knobs. The other two sliders are provided with a sliding guide structure between them and the side of the fine-tuning groove, which is used to guide the movement of the fine-tuning block; The lifting support mechanism is fixedly installed on the sliding plate.

10. A method for constructing a jacking support for quick replacement of bridge bearings, comprising using the jacking support construction device for quick replacement of bridge bearings as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: The panels are spliced ​​together to form a base plate, and the base plate is fixed to the support platform; Place the base on the base plate, push the base to move the sliding fixing part along the longitudinal and transverse slide grooves to achieve initial positioning and fix the position of the base; Millimeter-level alignment of the lifting support mechanism is achieved through a two-dimensional fine-tuning mechanism; Connect the hydraulic station to the inlet and outlet ports, start the hydraulic station to supply oil, and push the piston rod to lift the box girder; Adjust the height of the support cylinder to make it fit tightly against the bottom of the beam, ensuring that it is subjected to force synchronously with the hydraulic jacking structure after jacking; After the jacking is completed and the old support is completely freed, the oil supply is stopped, the one-way self-locking valve closes automatically, and the control and regulating locking valve closes, forming a hydraulic double locking; the ratchet and ratchet mechanically lock the support cylinder; Remove the old bearings, clean the pad stones, and install new bearings to complete the bearing replacement. Pull the handle to unlock the mechanical self-locking mechanism, reverse and lower the support cylinder, rotate the threaded adjustment structure to control the piston rod to move down until the new support is fully stressed; Depressurize the hydraulic station, disassemble the lifting support mechanism and base plate, disassemble and store the splicing panels, clean up the construction site, and complete all construction work.

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