A method and apparatus for noise suppression of complex piedmont data.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of seismic data processing technology, specifically disclosing a method and apparatus for noise suppression of data from complex piedmont zones. The method includes: converting shot gather data to a cross-domain; suppressing noise in the complex piedmont zone data within the cross-domain; and comparing the noise suppression effects in the shot domain and the cross-domain from both single-shot and stacked perspectives. Based on cross-domain data, this invention suppresses surface wave, anomalous amplitude, and linear interference noise. Compared with the noise suppression results of shot gather data, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the data is further improved, effectively alleviating the SNR problem in complex piedmont zones and effectively solving the noise problem caused by differences in excitation and reception factors. It can be used for fine structural imaging of complex piedmont zones, providing better basic data for oil and gas exploration in these zones.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic data processing technology, and specifically to a method and apparatus for noise suppression of complex piedmont data. Background Technology

[0002] The southern Tianshan region of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang is a complex piedmont tectonic zone. The surface types in the work area are mainly gravel mountains, sandstone and mudstone mountains, and Gobi gravel areas. In the gravel mountains, the low-velocity layer velocity is generally 400-800 m / s, with a thickness of 1-5 m, while the high-velocity layer velocity is around 2000 m / s. In the sandstone and mudstone mountains, the low-velocity layer velocity is generally 400-950 m / s, with a thickness of 1-20 m, while the high-velocity layer velocity is mostly 2000-3500 m / s, showing greater velocity variation. In the Gobi gravel area, the low-velocity layer velocity is generally 350-700 m / s, with a thickness of 1-13 m, while the high-velocity layer velocity is mostly 1600-2200 m / s, showing relatively stable velocity. Due to the influence of near-surface conditions in different areas, there are certain differences in the excitation and reception of seismic data, resulting in the development of noise dominated by strong surface waves, anomalous amplitudes, and linearly refracted waves, leading to an extremely low signal-to-noise ratio in the seismic data.

[0003] To improve the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data in piedmont areas, current methods primarily focus on suppressing surface waves, anomalous amplitudes, and linear interference in single-shot seismic data. Surface waves are a common type of regular interference wave, exhibiting an approximately linear distribution in single-shot seismic records. They are typically suppressed using spectral ratio methods or surface wave analysis model inversion methods. Anomalous amplitudes are mostly noise generated by external interference, manifesting as strong energy significantly different from the effective signal in single-shot seismic data. Two-dimensional frequency division anomalous amplitude suppression methods are commonly used. Linear interference is also a prevalent type of interference wave, significantly impacting the quality of single-shot seismic data. Currently, irregular sampling coherent noise suppression techniques are frequently employed for suppression. The application of these methods in single-shot seismic data has yielded good noise suppression results.

[0004] However, noise suppression in the firing range still has the following problems. First, noise propagates underground in a three-dimensional form, while actual earthquake single-shot records are two-dimensional, which cannot reflect the true spatial distribution characteristics of noise; second, two-dimensional noise suppression methods are not applicable to the three-dimensional distribution characteristics of noise, and the suppression effect is not thorough.

[0005] Based on this technical background, the present invention studies a method and apparatus for noise suppression of complex piedmont data. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and apparatus for noise suppression of data from complex piedmont regions. This method, based on cross-domain data, suppresses surface waves, anomalous amplitudes, and linear interference noise. Compared with the noise suppression results of shot gather data, the signal-to-noise ratio of the data is further improved, effectively alleviating the signal-to-noise ratio problem in complex piedmont regions. It effectively solves the noise problem caused by differences in excitation and reception factors, and can be used for fine structural imaging of complex piedmont regions, providing better basic data for oil and gas exploration in complex piedmont regions.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for noise suppression of complex piedmont data, comprising:

[0008] Convert the gun gather data to the cross-shaped field;

[0009] Noise is suppressed in the complex piedmont data within the cross-shaped domain;

[0010] The noise suppression effects in the gun zone and cross zone were compared between single guns and superimposed noise.

[0011] A second aspect of the present invention provides a noise suppression device for complex piedmont data, comprising:

[0012] The conversion module is used to convert shot gather data to the cross-shaped domain;

[0013] A noise suppression module is used to suppress noise in complex piedmont data within the cross-shaped domain.

[0014] The effect comparison module is used to compare the noise suppression effect in the gun field and cross-shaped area from the perspectives of single shot and superposition.

[0015] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0016] Memory, which stores executable instructions;

[0017] A processor that executes the executable instructions in the memory to implement the noise suppression method for complex piedmont data as described in the first aspect.

[0018] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the noise suppression method for complex piedmont data as described in the first aspect.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention include:

[0020] The noise suppression method proposed in this invention for complex piedmont data, based on cross-domain data, suppresses surface waves, anomalous amplitudes, and linear interference noise. Compared with the noise suppression results of shot gather data, the signal-to-noise ratio of the data is further improved, which effectively alleviates the signal-to-noise ratio problem in complex piedmont areas and solves the noise problem caused by differences in excitation and reception factors. It can be used for fine structural imaging of complex piedmont areas, providing better basic data for oil and gas exploration in complex piedmont areas.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the noise suppression method for complex piedmont data proposed in this invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gun zone and the cross-shaped area in a specific embodiment of the noise suppression method for complex piedmont data proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram comparing the superimposed cross-sections before and after noise suppression in a specific embodiment of the noise suppression method for complex piedmont data proposed in this invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram comparing the superimposed profiles of the gun zone and the cross-shaped area after noise suppression in a specific embodiment of the noise suppression method for complex piedmont data proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0028] This invention provides a noise suppression method for complex piedmont data, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0029] Convert the gun gather data to the cross-shaped field;

[0030] Noise suppression is applied to complex piedmont data within the cross-shaped domain.

[0031] The noise suppression effects in the gun zone and cross zone were compared between single guns and superimposed noise.

[0032] According to the present invention, the cross-shaped area contains only one shot line and one receiver line.

[0033] According to the present invention, a shot line and a receiver line are perpendicular to each other;

[0034] One detector line is a horizontal line;

[0035] One artillery line is the longitudinal line.

[0036] According to the present invention, each shot in the cross-shaped domain is received by a detector line after firing.

[0037] According to the present invention, noise suppression within the cross-shaped domain includes:

[0038] Within the cross-shaped domain, surface waves, anomalous amplitudes, and linear disturbances are suppressed.

[0039] In this invention, surface waves, anomalous amplitudes, and linear interference noise were suppressed based on cross-domain data. Compared with the noise suppression results of shot gather data, the signal-to-noise ratio of the data was further improved, which effectively alleviated the signal-to-noise ratio problem in complex piedmont zones and solved the noise problem caused by the difference between excitation and reception factors. It can be used for fine structural imaging of complex piedmont zones and provides better basic data for oil and gas exploration in complex piedmont zones.

[0040] Preferably, noise suppression is performed within the cross-domain to address noise issues caused by differences in excitation and reception factors, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of complex piedmont data.

[0041] According to the present invention, the noise suppression effects in the gun zone and the cross-shaped zone are compared from the perspectives of single shot and superposition, including:

[0042] We compared the noise suppression data before and after the firepower field and the cross-shaped field, both for single shots and in superposition.

[0043] The present invention will be described in more detail below through embodiments.

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] The southern Tianshan region of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang is a complex piedmont tectonic zone with dramatic lateral velocity variations between areas. Differences exist in the excitation and reception of seismic data, resulting in significant noise issues. This affects the detailed imaging of underlying geological targets, posing challenges to oil and gas exploration. To address this problem, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment proposes a noise suppression method for complex piedmont data. Research on noise suppression methods for complex piedmont areas can effectively solve the noise suppression problem in the target area and is of great significance for fine imaging of the target geological body.

[0046] The method includes the following steps:

[0047] (1) Convert the shot gather data to the cross-shaped domain:

[0048] Conventional shot gather data is received by multiple detector lines at the shot point level, with each shot data containing different detector line records. In contrast, the cross-shaped domain contains only one shot line and one detector line, and each shot is received by the same detector line after firing.

[0049] (2) Noise suppression within the cross-shaped domain:

[0050] Within the cross-shaped domain, surface waves, anomalous amplitudes, and linear disturbances are suppressed.

[0051] (3) Comparison of noise suppression data before and after single-shot and superimposed data:

[0052] The noise suppression effects in the gun zone and cross zone were compared between single guns and superimposed noise.

[0053] In this embodiment, Figure 2 The diagrams on the left and right sides illustrate the shot zone and cross zone of seismic records. The left side shows the shot zone distribution, where dots represent individual shots and dashed lines represent receiver lines. It can be seen that after a single shot is fired, other receiver lines receive the signal and generate shot gather records. The right side shows the cross zone distribution, where horizontal lines represent receiver lines and vertical lines represent shot lines. Individual shots on the shot lines are fired sequentially, and simultaneously, receiver lines receive the signal. It can be seen that the signal distribution in the shot zone is uneven, with significant spacing between receiver lines, resulting in weak consistency between the seismic signals recorded by each receiver line. In contrast, in the cross zone, individual shots on the shot lines are fired sequentially and received by the same receiver line, resulting in better continuity and spatial distribution characteristics between the seismic records generated by each firing. Therefore, suppressing noise signals within the cross zone can achieve better results. Figure 3 The superimposed cross-sections before and after noise suppression in the cross-domain show that the noise is well suppressed and the energy of the effective signal is more prominent. Figure 4 Comparing the superimposed profiles after noise suppression in the gun domain and the cross-shaped domain, it can be seen that the noise suppression is cleaner and the characteristics of the effective signal are clearer in the superimposed profile after noise suppression in the cross-shaped domain.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] This embodiment provides a noise suppression method for complex piedmont data, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0056] Convert the gun gather data to the cross-shaped field;

[0057] Noise suppression is applied to complex piedmont data within the cross-shaped domain.

[0058] The noise suppression effects in the gun zone and cross zone were compared between single guns and superimposed noise.

[0059] In this embodiment, the cross-shaped area contains only one shot line and one detector line.

[0060] In this embodiment, a shot line and a detector line are perpendicular to each other;

[0061] One detector line is a horizontal line;

[0062] One artillery line is the longitudinal line.

[0063] In this embodiment, each shot in the cross-shaped domain is received by a detector line after firing.

[0064] In this embodiment, noise suppression within the cross-shaped domain includes:

[0065] Within the cross-shaped domain, surface waves, anomalous amplitudes, and linear disturbances are suppressed.

[0066] In this embodiment, noise suppression within the cross-domain is used to address the noise problem caused by differences in excitation and reception factors, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of complex foreland data.

[0067] In this embodiment, the noise suppression effects in the gun domain and the cross-shaped domain are compared from the perspectives of single shot and superposition, including:

[0068] We compared the noise suppression data before and after the firepower field and the cross-shaped field, both for single shots and in superposition.

[0069] Example 3:

[0070] This embodiment provides a noise suppression device for complex piedmont data, including:

[0071] The conversion module is used to convert shot gather data to the cross-shaped domain;

[0072] The noise suppression module is used to suppress noise in complex piedmont data within the cross-shaped domain.

[0073] The effect comparison module is used to compare the noise suppression effect in the gun field and cross-shaped area from the perspectives of single shot and superposition.

[0074] In this embodiment, the cross-shaped area contains only one shot line and one detector line.

[0075] In this embodiment, a shot line and a detector line are perpendicular to each other;

[0076] One detector line is a horizontal line;

[0077] One artillery line is the longitudinal line.

[0078] In this embodiment, each shot in the cross-shaped domain is received by a detector line after firing.

[0079] In this embodiment, noise suppression within the cross-shaped domain includes:

[0080] Within the cross-shaped domain, surface waves, anomalous amplitudes, and linear disturbances are suppressed.

[0081] In this embodiment, noise suppression within the cross-domain is used to address the noise problem caused by differences in excitation and reception factors, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of complex foreland data.

[0082] In this embodiment, the noise suppression effects in the gun domain and the cross-shaped domain are compared from the perspectives of single shot and superposition, including:

[0083] We compared the noise suppression data before and after the firepower field and the cross-shaped field, both for single shots and in superposition.

[0084] Example 4:

[0085] This invention provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor, comprising:

[0086] Memory, which stores executable instructions;

[0087] The processor executes executable instructions in memory to implement noise suppression methods for complex foreland data.

[0088] This memory is used to store non-transitory computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may, for example, include random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may, for example, include read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0089] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit with data processing and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In one embodiment of the invention, the processor is used to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0090] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to achieve a good user experience, this embodiment may also include well-known structures such as communication buses and interfaces, and these well-known structures should also be included within the protection scope of this invention.

[0091] For a detailed description of this embodiment, please refer to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0092] Example 5:

[0093] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a noise suppression method for complex piedmont data.

[0094] A computer-readable storage medium according to embodiments of the present invention stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions. When these non-transitory computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, all or part of the steps of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention are performed.

[0095] The aforementioned computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: optical storage media (e.g., CD-ROM and DVD), magneto-optical storage media (e.g., MO), magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tape or portable hard drive), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memory (e.g., memory card), and media with built-in ROM (e.g., ROM cartridge).

[0096] The noise suppression method for complex piedmont data proposed in the embodiments of the present invention, based on cross-domain data, suppresses surface waves, anomalous amplitudes, and linear interference noise. Compared with the noise suppression results of shot gather data, the signal-to-noise ratio of the data is further improved, which effectively alleviates the signal-to-noise ratio problem of complex piedmont areas and effectively solves the noise problem caused by the difference between excitation and reception factors. It can be used for fine structural imaging of complex piedmont areas and provides better basic data for oil and gas exploration in complex piedmont areas.

[0097] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A noise suppression method for complex piedmont data, characterized in that, include: Convert the gun gather data to the cross-shaped field; Noise is suppressed in the complex piedmont data within the cross-shaped domain; The noise suppression effects in the gun zone and cross zone were compared between single guns and superimposed noise.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-shaped area contains only one shot line and one detector line.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shot line and the detector line are perpendicular to each other; The detector line is a horizontal line; The aforementioned firing line is a longitudinal line.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each shot fired in the cross-shaped domain is received by one of the detector lines.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Suppressing noise within the cross-shaped domain includes: Within the cross-shaped domain, surface waves, anomalous amplitudes, and linear disturbances are suppressed.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Noise suppression within the cross-shaped domain is used to address noise issues caused by differences in excitation and reception factors, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of complex foreland data.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, From the perspectives of single shot and superposition, the noise suppression effects within the shot zone and the cross-shaped area are compared as follows: We compared the noise suppression data before and after the firepower field and the cross-shaped field, both for single shots and in superposition.

8. A noise suppression device for complex piedmont data, characterized in that, include: The conversion module is used to convert shot gather data to the cross-shaped domain; A noise suppression module is used to suppress noise in complex piedmont data within the cross-shaped domain. The effect comparison module is used to compare the noise suppression effect in the gun field and cross-shaped area from the perspectives of single shot and superposition.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: Memory, which stores executable instructions; A processor that executes the executable instructions in the memory to implement the noise suppression method for complex piedmont data according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the noise suppression method for complex piedmont data as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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