A method and apparatus for ensuring consistency between explosive seismic sources and controllable seismic sources.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of seismic signal processing technology, specifically disclosing a method and apparatus for processing the consistency between explosive source and controlled source seismic data. The method includes: performing phase-shift filtering on controlled source data to obtain processed data; mixing and superimposing the processed data with explosive source data to generate a mixed superimposed profile; analyzing the mixed superimposed profile and the separately superimposed profile of the explosive source data to obtain optimal phase-shift filtering parameters; performing matched filtering based on the optimal phase-shift filtering parameters to obtain a matched filtering factor; and applying the matched filtering factor to pre-stack data to correct the controlled source wavelet. This invention utilizes the data adaptability of phase-shift filtering, considering the differences in seismic data caused by different excitation and reception conditions, and reduces the phase difference between the two types of source data in a time-varying and spatially varying manner. Combined with matched filtering, it further aligns the controlled source data with the explosive source data in terms of phase, frequency, and amplitude, providing better basic data for subsequent data processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of earthquake signal processing technology, specifically to a method and apparatus for processing the consistency between explosive sources and controllable sources. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, controlled-source seismic data has played an increasingly important role in oil and gas exploration. Compared to explosive sources, controlled-source seismic data is more convenient, efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly, but it also has its own insurmountable drawbacks. The efficiency of the excitation energy from controlled-source seismic data propagating into the underground rock strata is relatively low, resulting in a low signal-to-noise ratio, which is insufficient to meet the needs of oil and gas exploration, especially when the target layer is deep. Therefore, controlled-source seismic data cannot completely replace explosive sources; both coexist in seismic exploration, meaning that two different wavelet seismic data sets may exist for the same target area. For seismic data from different source types in the same exploration area, phase, frequency, and amplitude corrections must be performed during joint processing. Currently, it is generally believed that phase conversion is the key to processing data from different types of excitation sources. Various phase conversion methods have been studied. However, all of these methods involve fixed wavelet correction of controllable source data. They do not take into account the differences in the modification and attenuation effects of surface and subsurface factors on different excitation wavelets during the propagation of seismic wavelets. As a result, the processed data is difficult to obtain ideal results in shallow and deep layers and in areas with large differences in excitation conditions.

[0003] Based on this technical background, the present invention studies a method and apparatus for processing the consistency between explosive seismic sources and controllable seismic sources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and apparatus for processing the consistency between explosive source and controllable source seismic data. This method utilizes the data adaptability of phase-shift filtering to consider the differences in seismic data caused by different excitation and reception conditions, reducing the phase difference between the two types of source data in a time-varying and spatially varying manner. Based on this, combined with matched filtering, the controllable source data is further aligned with the explosive source data in terms of phase, frequency, and amplitude, providing better basic data for subsequent data processing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for processing the consistency between an explosive seismic source and a controllable seismic source, comprising:

[0006] Phase-shift filtering is performed on the controllable seismic source data to obtain processed data;

[0007] The processed data is mixed and superimposed with the explosive source data to generate a hybrid superimposed profile;

[0008] The optimal phase-shift filtering parameters are obtained by analyzing the hybrid superimposed profile and the individual superimposed profile of the explosive source data.

[0009] Based on the optimal phase shift filter parameters, matched filtering is performed to obtain the matched filter factor;

[0010] The matched filter factor is applied to the pre-stack data to correct the wavelet of the controllable source.

[0011] A second aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for processing the consistency between an explosive source and a controllable source, comprising:

[0012] The data processing module is used to perform phase-shift filtering on the controllable seismic source data to obtain processed data;

[0013] The hybrid overlay module is used to mix and overlay the processed data with the explosive source data to generate a hybrid overlay profile;

[0014] The analysis module is used to analyze the hybrid superimposed profile and the separately superimposed profile of the explosive source data to obtain the optimal phase shift filter parameters;

[0015] The matched filtering module is used to perform matched filtering based on the optimal phase shift filtering parameters to obtain the matched filtering factor;

[0016] The correction processing module is used to apply the matched filter factor to the pre-stack data to correct the wavelet of the controllable source.

[0017] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0018] Memory, which stores executable instructions;

[0019] A processor that executes the executable instructions in the memory to implement the consistency processing method for explosive sources and controllable sources as described in the first aspect.

[0020] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the consistency processing method for explosive sources and controllable sources described in the first aspect.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention include:

[0022] (1) The method for processing the consistency between explosive source and controllable source proposed in this invention utilizes the data adaptability of phase-shift filtering to consider the differences in seismic data caused by different excitation and reception conditions, and reduces the phase difference between the two types of source data in a time-varying and space-varying manner. On this basis, the controllable source data is further brought closer to the explosive source data in terms of phase, frequency and amplitude by matching filtering, so as to provide better basic data for subsequent data processing.

[0023] (2) The method for processing the consistency between explosive source and controllable source proposed in this invention solves the problem of different responses of seismic data to the same underground geological phenomenon caused by different source wavelets rather than geological factors. At the same time, by reducing the uncertainty brought to seismic exploration by such human factors, it is beneficial to subsequent processing and interpretation work.

[0024] (3) The method for processing the consistency between explosive source and controllable source proposed in this invention takes into account the differences in excitation and reception conditions and the frequency and energy differences in the process of seismic wave propagation. It combines the advantages of these two methods to form a new and effective processing technology, which solves the problem of seismic wavelet inconsistency in actual data processing.

[0025] (4) The method for consistent processing of explosive source and controllable source proposed in this invention fully considers the excitation and reception conditions in data acquisition and the different attraction and attenuation effects of underground medium on different wavelets. The consistency processing has some adaptive issues for the data. At the same time, the method has fast calculation speed, simple parameter selection, strong data adaptability and ideal application effect, and has broad application prospects.

[0026] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the consistency processing method for explosive sources and controllable sources proposed in this invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a specific implementation of the method for handling the consistency between explosive sources and controllable sources proposed in this invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram comparing the phase filtering effects of different parameters for the number of controllable sources in a specific embodiment of the consistency processing method for explosive sources and controllable sources proposed in this invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram comparing the single-shot effect of the consistency processing method between the explosive source and the controllable source in a specific embodiment of the method proposed in this invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the superimposed effect of consistency processing of controllable and explosive sources in a specific embodiment of the method for consistency processing of explosive and controllable sources proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0034] This invention provides a method for processing the consistency between explosive seismic sources and controllable seismic sources, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0035] Phase-shift filtering is performed on the controllable seismic source data to obtain processed data;

[0036] The processed data is mixed and superimposed with the explosive source data to generate a hybrid overlay profile;

[0037] The optimal phase-shift filtering parameters were obtained by analyzing the hybrid overlay profile and the individual overlay profile of the explosive source data.

[0038] Based on the optimal phase shift filter parameters, matched filtering is performed to obtain the matched filter factor;

[0039] The matched filter factor is applied to the pre-stack data to correct the wavelet of the controllable source.

[0040] In this invention, the data adaptability of the phase-shift filtering method is utilized to consider the differences in seismic data caused by different excitation and reception conditions, and to reduce the phase difference between the two types of source data in a time-varying and space-varying manner. On this basis, the controlled source data is further brought closer to the explosive source data in terms of phase, frequency and amplitude, providing better basic data for subsequent data processing.

[0041] According to the present invention, the processed data obtained by performing phase-shift filtering on controllable seismic source data includes:

[0042] Processed data is obtained by performing phase-shift filtering on controllable source data with different parameters.

[0043] According to the present invention, the analysis of the hybrid overlay profile and the individual overlay profile of the explosive source data includes:

[0044] The focusing properties of the coaxial energy of reflected waves in the hybrid superposition profile are analyzed;

[0045] The similarity between the hybrid overlay profile and the individual overlay profile of the same explosive source data in the same region is analyzed.

[0046] This invention solves the problem of different responses of seismic data to the same underground geological phenomenon caused by different source wavelets rather than geological factors. At the same time, by reducing the uncertainty brought about by such human factors to seismic exploration, it facilitates subsequent processing and interpretation.

[0047] According to the present invention, the optimal phase-shift filtering parameters are used to mitigate the data discrepancies caused by different source types.

[0048] According to the present invention, matched filtering is performed based on optimal phase shift filter parameters to obtain matched filter factors, including:

[0049] Based on the optimal phase-shift filtering parameters, the separate superimposed profiles of the phase-shift filtered controllable source data and the explosive source data are used as input for matched filtering to obtain the matched filtering factor.

[0050] Preferably, the matched filter factor is a comprehensive, universally applicable, stable, and controllable source wavelet correction factor based on the superimposed profile.

[0051] This invention simultaneously considers the differences in excitation and reception conditions as well as the frequency and energy differences during seismic wave propagation. By combining the advantages of these two methods, a new and effective processing technique is formed, which solves the problem of seismic wavelet inconsistency in actual data processing.

[0052] According to the present invention, applying a matched filter factor to pre-stack data for controllable source wavelet correction processing includes:

[0053] The matched filter factor is applied to the phase-shift filtered data of the controllable source generated based on the optimal phase-shift filter parameters to generate the corrected controllable source data.

[0054] This invention fully considers the excitation and reception conditions during data acquisition, as well as the different attraction and attenuation effects of the underground medium on different wavelets. It also addresses the issue of partial data adaptability during consistency processing. Furthermore, this method features fast computation speed, simple parameter selection, strong data adaptability, and ideal application effects, making it a promising solution with broad application prospects.

[0055] The present invention will be described in more detail below through embodiments.

[0056] Example 1:

[0057] like Figure 2As shown, this embodiment proposes a method for processing the consistency between explosive source and controllable source data. First, phase-shift filtering is applied to the controllable source data. Based on the focusing property of the effective reflected phase axis energy in the mixed superposition profile of controllable and explosive source data within the same region, and the similarity between the mixed superposition profile and the individual superposition profile of explosive source data, the optimal phase-shift filtering parameters are selected to mitigate data discrepancies caused by different source types. Next, the superposition profile of the phase-shift filtered controllable and explosive source data is used as input for matched filtering. A comprehensive, universally applicable, and stable controllable source wavelet correction factor based on the superposition profile is extracted. Then, the wavelet correction factor is applied to the pre-stack data to complete the controllable source wavelet correction processing.

[0058] The specific steps of this method are as follows:

[0059] ① The controllable source data is subjected to phase shift filtering with different parameters, and the processed data is mixed and superimposed with the explosive source data to generate a superimposed profile;

[0060] ②Analyze the coaxial energy focusing property of the reflected waves of the superimposed profiles generated by different parameters in ①, and their similarity with the superimposed profiles of individual explosive source data in the same region, and select the optimal controllable source phase shift filtering parameters for filtering.

[0061] ③ The controllable source data after phase shift filtering in ② are stacked separately to generate a stacked profile, which is then input into the matched wave processing module along with the stacked profile of the individual explosive source data in the same area to obtain the matched filter factor between the controllable source and the explosive source.

[0062] ④ Apply the matched filter factor generated in ③ to the controllable source phase shift filter data generated in ② to generate controllable source data after consistency processing;

[0063] In this embodiment, the method is applied to the consistency processing of controllable seismic source and explosive seismic source data in a certain work area, and the effect is as follows: Figures 3-5 ; Figure 3 This is a superimposed profile generated by mixing controlled-source seismic data with explosive source data after phase-shift filtering with different parameters. For the data of this work area, a phase-shift filter with a parameter of 180 degrees has the best effect; the effect of single-shot data after consistency processing of controlled-source data is as follows. Figure 4 As shown, after consistency processing, the single-shot data of the two source types at adjacent locations are more similar; Figure 5The superimposed profile generated by mixing and overlaying the two types of data after consistency processing shows that the signal-to-noise ratio of the superimposed profile is improved after consistency processing, and the phase and frequency consistency of the two types of data is significantly enhanced. The combination of the two processing methods is significantly better than using either of the two methods alone. Before consistency processing of controllable source data, the addition of controllable source data has a destructive effect on the data imaging, and the imaging effect of the superimposed profile is significantly worse than that of the superimposed profile of explosive source data alone. Analyzing the spectrum of the superimposed profiles of the two different sources, the spectral characteristics of the superimposed profiles of controllable and explosive source data in the same area are more similar after consistency processing. In summary, the two different source types of data can achieve complementary advantages after consistency processing, better meeting the exploration needs.

[0064] Example 2:

[0065] This embodiment provides a method for handling the consistency between explosive seismic sources and controllable seismic sources, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0066] Phase-shift filtering is performed on the controllable seismic source data to obtain processed data;

[0067] The processed data is mixed and superimposed with the explosive source data to generate a hybrid overlay profile;

[0068] The optimal phase-shift filtering parameters were obtained by analyzing the hybrid overlay profile and the individual overlay profile of the explosive source data.

[0069] Based on the optimal phase shift filter parameters, matched filtering is performed to obtain the matched filter factor;

[0070] The matched filter factor is applied to the pre-stack data to correct the wavelet of the controllable source.

[0071] In this embodiment, the processed data obtained by performing phase-shift filtering on the controllable seismic source data includes:

[0072] Processed data is obtained by performing phase-shift filtering on controllable source data with different parameters;

[0073] In this embodiment, the analysis of the hybrid superimposed profile and the separately superimposed profile of the explosive source data includes:

[0074] The focusing properties of the coaxial energy of reflected waves in the hybrid superposition profile are analyzed;

[0075] The similarity between the hybrid overlay profile and the individual overlay profile of the same explosive source data in the same region is analyzed.

[0076] In this embodiment, the optimal phase-shift filter parameters are used to mitigate the data differences caused by different earthquake source types;

[0077] In this embodiment, matched filtering is performed based on the optimal phase shift filter parameters to obtain the matched filter factor, which includes:

[0078] Based on the optimal phase-shift filtering parameters, the separate superimposed profiles of the phase-shift filtered controllable source data and the explosive source data are used as input for matched filtering to obtain the matched filtering factor.

[0079] In this embodiment, the matched filter factor is a comprehensive, universally applicable, stable, and controllable source wavelet correction factor based on the superimposed profile.

[0080] In this embodiment, the matched filter factor is applied to the pre-stack data, and the controllable source wavelet correction processing includes:

[0081] The matched filter factor is applied to the phase-shift filtered data of the controllable source generated based on the optimal phase-shift filter parameters to generate the corrected controllable source data.

[0082] Example 3:

[0083] This embodiment provides a device for processing the consistency between explosive vibration sources and controllable vibration sources, including:

[0084] The data processing module is used to perform phase-shift filtering on the controllable seismic source data to obtain processed data;

[0085] The hybrid overlay module is used to mix and overlay processed data with explosive source data to generate a hybrid overlay profile;

[0086] The analysis module is used to analyze the hybrid overlay profile and the individual overlay profile of the explosive source data to obtain the optimal phase shift filter parameters;

[0087] The matched filtering module is used to perform matched filtering based on the optimal phase shift filtering parameters to obtain the matched filtering factor;

[0088] The correction processing module is used to apply the matched filter factor to the pre-stack data and perform correction processing on the controllable source wavelet.

[0089] In this embodiment, the processed data obtained by performing phase-shift filtering on the controllable seismic source data includes:

[0090] Processed data is obtained by performing phase-shift filtering on controllable source data with different parameters;

[0091] In this embodiment, the analysis of the hybrid superimposed profile and the separately superimposed profile of the explosive source data includes:

[0092] The focusing properties of the coaxial energy of reflected waves in the hybrid superposition profile are analyzed;

[0093] The similarity between the hybrid overlay profile and the individual overlay profile of the same explosive source data in the same region is analyzed.

[0094] In this embodiment, the optimal phase-shift filter parameters are used to mitigate the data differences caused by different earthquake source types;

[0095] In this embodiment, matched filtering is performed based on the optimal phase shift filter parameters to obtain the matched filter factor, which includes:

[0096] Based on the optimal phase-shift filtering parameters, the separate superimposed profiles of the phase-shift filtered controllable source data and the explosive source data are used as input for matched filtering to obtain the matched filtering factor.

[0097] In this embodiment, the matched filter factor is a comprehensive, universally applicable, stable, and controllable source wavelet correction factor based on the superimposed profile.

[0098] In this embodiment, the matched filter factor is applied to the pre-stack data, and the controllable source wavelet correction processing includes:

[0099] The matched filter factor is applied to the phase-shift filtered data of the controllable source generated based on the optimal phase-shift filter parameters to generate the corrected controllable source data.

[0100] Example 4:

[0101] This invention provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor, comprising:

[0102] Memory, which stores executable instructions;

[0103] The processor runs executable instructions in memory to implement a method for ensuring consistency between explosive sources and controllable sources.

[0104] This memory is used to store non-transitory computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may, for example, include random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may, for example, include read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0105] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In one embodiment of the invention, the processor is used to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0106] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to achieve a good user experience, this embodiment may also include well-known structures such as communication buses and interfaces, and these well-known structures should also be included within the protection scope of this invention.

[0107] For a detailed description of this embodiment, please refer to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0108] Example 5:

[0109] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a method for processing the consistency between an explosive source and a controllable source.

[0110] A computer-readable storage medium according to embodiments of the present invention stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions. When these non-transitory computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, all or part of the steps of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention are performed.

[0111] The aforementioned computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: optical storage media (e.g., CD-ROM and DVD), magneto-optical storage media (e.g., MO), magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tape or portable hard drive), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memory (e.g., memory card), and media with built-in ROM (e.g., ROM cartridge).

[0112] The embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for processing the consistency between explosive source and controllable source seismic data. This method utilizes the data adaptability of phase-shift filtering to consider the differences in seismic data caused by different excitation and reception conditions. It reduces the phase difference between the two types of source data in a time-varying and spatially varying manner. Based on this, it combines matched filtering to further align the controllable source data with the explosive source data in terms of phase, frequency, and amplitude, providing better basic data for subsequent data processing.

[0113] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A method of processing a consistency of an explosive seismic source and a vibrator seismic source, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: performing phase shift filtering on the controllable source data to obtain processed data; mixing and stacking the processed data and the explosive source data to generate a mixed stack section; analyzing the mixed stack section and a single stack section of the explosive source data to obtain optimal phase shift filtering parameters; performing matched filtering based on the optimal phase shift filtering parameters to obtain a matched filtering factor; applying the matched filtering factor to pre-stack data to correct the controllable source wavelet.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of performing phase shift filtering on the controllable source data to obtain processed data comprises: performing phase shift filtering on the controllable source data with different parameters to obtain processed data.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of analyzing the mixed stack section and a single stack section of the explosive source data comprises: analyzing the focusing of the reflection wave coaxial energy of the mixed stack section; analyzing the similarity between the mixed stack section and a single stack section of the explosive source data in the same area.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The optimal phase shift filtering parameters are used to weaken the data difference caused by different source types.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of performing matched filtering based on the optimal phase shift filtering parameters to obtain a matched filtering factor comprises: based on the optimal phase shift filtering parameters, taking the single stack sections of the phase shift filtered controllable source data and the explosive source data as inputs to perform matched filtering processing to obtain a matched filtering factor.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The matched filtering factor is a comprehensive, universally applicable, and stable controllable source wavelet correction factor based on stack sections.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein, The method of applying the matched filtering factor to pre-stack data to correct the controllable source wavelet comprises: applying the matched filtering factor to the controllable source phase shift filtered data generated based on the optimal phase shift filtering parameters to generate corrected controllable source data.

8. An apparatus for processing consistency of an explosive source and a vibrator source, characterized by comprising: The method comprises the following steps: a data processing module for performing phase shift filtering on controllable source data to obtain processed data; a mixed stack module for mixing and stacking the processed data and the explosive source data to generate a mixed stack section; an analysis module for analyzing the mixed stack section and a single stack section of the explosive source data to obtain optimal phase shift filtering parameters; a matched filtering module for performing matched filtering based on the optimal phase shift filtering parameters to obtain a matched filtering factor; a correction processing module for applying the matched filtering factor to pre-stack data to correct the controllable source wavelet.

9. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises: a memory storing executable instructions; a processor running the executable instructions in the memory to implement the explosive source and controllable source consistency processing method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program which is executed by the processor to implement the explosive source and controllable source consistency processing method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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