An emergency power supply that automatically matches LED loads of various downlight specifications

Abstract

This invention discloses an emergency power supply that automatically matches with various specifications of downlight LED loads, including a power input module, a mains power emergency switching module, a charging management module, a backup battery, a microcontroller control module, a current control module, a voltage detection module, a warm / cool light switching module, and a power output module. This invention solves the technical problems of poor compatibility, the need for manual intervention in power matching, and high system complexity in existing emergency power supplies with various specifications of downlight LED loads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of emergency power supply technology, and in particular to an emergency power supply that automatically matches LED loads of various downlight specifications. Background Technology

[0002] LED downlights are widely used in architectural interior lighting due to their advantages such as good lighting effect and low energy consumption. However, they come in various specifications, and the number of LED beads in series and parallel varies significantly between different models, resulting in different electrical parameters such as rated voltage and rated power. Emergency power supplies, as a key component of LED downlights, must simultaneously meet the driving function when the mains power is normal and the emergency power supply function after a mains power outage.

[0003] In existing technologies, the matching methods between emergency power supplies and LED downlight loads have significant drawbacks: most emergency power supplies adopt a fixed power output design, which can only be adapted to LED downlights of specific specifications. When connecting downlight loads with different series and parallel numbers, power mismatch problems are prone to occur—excessive power may burn out LED chips, while insufficient power will lead to insufficient lighting brightness, flickering, and other malfunctions; some emergency power supplies with adaptation functions require setting load parameters through manual dialing or software configuration, which is cumbersome and cannot meet the needs of rapid load replacement on site; at the same time, some emergency power supplies only serve as backup power in the presence of mains power, requiring an additional LED driver power supply, which increases system complexity and installation costs.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for an emergency power supply that requires no manual intervention, can automatically identify the load parameters of LEDs in various downlight specifications, and adaptively match the appropriate operating power, while also providing both mains power drive and emergency power supply functions, thereby improving system compatibility and ease of use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an emergency power supply that automatically matches with LED loads of various downlight specifications, in order to solve the technical problems of poor compatibility, manual intervention required for power matching, and high system complexity of existing emergency power supplies and LED loads of various downlight specifications.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is adopted: An emergency power supply that automatically matches LED loads of various downlight specifications includes a power input module, a mains power emergency switching module, a charging management module, a backup battery, a microcontroller control module, a current control module, a voltage detection module, a cold / warm light switching module, and a power output module. The power input module is used to connect to mains power, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the mains power emergency switching module and the input terminal of the charging management module, respectively. The output terminal of the charging management module is electrically connected to the backup battery. The controlled terminal of the mains power emergency switching module is electrically connected to the first I / O output terminal of the microcontroller control module, and the output terminal of the mains power emergency switching module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the current control module, used to realize rapid switching between the mains power supply circuit and the emergency power supply circuit according to the instructions of the microcontroller control module. The ADC sampling terminal of the microcontroller control module is connected to the output terminal of the voltage detection module, used to receive the voltage detection signal. The second I / O output terminal of the microcontroller control module is connected to the controlled terminal of the current control module, used to output the current adjustment command. The third and fourth I / O output terminals of the microcontroller control module are respectively connected to the two controlled terminals of the warm / cold light switching module, used to output the circuit switching command. The current control module adopts PWM pulse width modulation, and the output terminal of the current control module is connected to the common input of the warm / cold light switching module. The system includes a terminal connection for adjusting the output current according to instructions from the microcontroller control module; a MOSFET contactless switching circuit for switching between cold and warm light, with its two output terminals electrically connected to the cold and warm light output terminals of the power output module, enabling selective conduction of the cold and warm light circuits for the downlight LED load; a voltage detection module connected in parallel across the output terminals of the power output module, employing a signal conditioning circuit composed of voltage divider resistors and operational amplifiers, for real-time acquisition of the output voltage signal and transmission to the microcontroller control module; a power output module with three output terminals (cold light, warm light, and common) for electrical connection to corresponding pins of various downlight LED loads, providing a power supply with appropriate power for the load; and a backup battery output connected to the emergency power input of the mains power emergency switching module, providing emergency power to the entire power system during mains power outages. The microcontroller control module incorporates a power matching algorithm to achieve adaptive power matching for various downlight LED loads through the following steps: S1: The microcontroller control module controls the current control module to output a fixed initial current, and switches to the cold light and warm light circuits respectively and maintains them for a preset time; S2: Collect two stable output voltages and calculate the difference; S3: Automatically adjusts the output power based on the preset matching relationship between voltage difference and power.

[0007] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21: The microcontroller control module controls the third I / O output terminal to output a high level and the fourth I / O output terminal to output a low level, so that the cold and warm light switching module switches to the cold light circuit and maintains this state for a preset time T. After the output voltage stabilizes, the voltage detection signal is sampled multiple times, and the maximum and minimum values ​​in the sampled values ​​are removed and the average value is taken. This average value is used as the stable output voltage V1 in the cold light state and stored. S22: Warm light voltage acquisition: Keep the initial current output unchanged, the microcontroller control module switches the third I / O output terminal to low level and the fourth I / O output terminal to high level, so that the cold and warm light switching module switches to the warm light circuit and maintains the same preset time T. After the output voltage stabilizes, the voltage detection signal is sampled continuously multiple times, and the maximum and minimum values ​​in the sampled values ​​are removed and the average value is taken. This average value is used as the stable output voltage V2 in the warm light state and stored. S23: The microcontroller control module calculates the absolute difference in output voltage ΔV=|V1-V2| under cold and warm light conditions.

[0008] Furthermore, step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31: Determine the target operating power to match the current downlight LED load based on the preset voltage difference-power matching relationship; S32: The microcontroller control module calculates the target output current I=P / U based on the target power and the average value of the current output voltage U=(V1+V2) / 2. Then, by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal output to the current control module, it controls the current control module to output the target current, so that the emergency power supply can stably output the target working power. As long as the microcontroller control module does not lose power, it will continue to maintain the target power output. If a load disconnection or short circuit signal is detected, the output will be cut off immediately and the protection mechanism will be activated.

[0009] Furthermore, the preset time T in steps S21 and S22 ranges from 1 to 5 seconds; the fixed initial current in step S1 is 0.4A.

[0010] Furthermore, the current control module includes a current sampling resistor and a feedback amplifier circuit to form a current closed-loop regulation circuit, ensuring that the output current is not affected by input voltage fluctuations and load impedance changes, and maintaining a stable output.

[0011] Furthermore, the cold and warm light switching module adopts an N-channel MOSFET switching circuit. The sources of the two MOSFETs are connected to the output terminal of the current control module, the drains of the two MOSFETs are respectively connected to the cold light and warm light output terminals of the power output module, and the gates of the two MOSFETs are respectively electrically connected to the third and fourth I / O output terminals of the microcontroller control module through current limiting resistors. Furthermore, the mains power emergency switching module adopts an electromagnetic relay switching circuit, wherein the relay coil is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and a freewheeling diode and then connected to the first I / O output terminal of the microcontroller control module; the relay contacts adopt a normally open and normally closed double contact structure, wherein the normally open contacts are connected to the mains power supply circuit and the normally closed contacts are connected to the backup battery power supply circuit. Furthermore, the microcontroller control module uses a CMS8S6990NA chip. Furthermore, the charging management module includes a charging status indicator circuit, which uses LED indicators to indicate the charging in progress and charging completed states, respectively.

[0012] By adopting the above solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) Strong compatibility, enabling automatic adaptation to multiple load specifications: Through dual-state voltage sampling and differential analysis of cold light and warm light, it can automatically identify the load parameters of downlights with different LED series and parallel quantities without manual intervention, and adaptively match the appropriate working power. The adaptation range covers common 30-40V LED downlight specifications. 2) Integrated mains power drive and emergency power supply functions: When the mains power is normal, it can be used directly as an LED driver power supply without the need for additional driver equipment, simplifying the system structure and reducing installation and procurement costs. When the mains power is interrupted, it can quickly switch to emergency power supply mode to ensure lighting continuity. 3) Precise power matching protects the load and power supply: The microcontroller precisely controls the output current and power to avoid problems such as load burnout and flickering caused by power mismatch, while reducing the power supply's own energy consumption and extending its service life. 4) Easy to operate and low maintenance cost: No manual dialing or software configuration is required. After installation, the load adaptation can be completed automatically, and the power matching status can be dynamically maintained. It is suitable for large-scale downlight lighting scenarios such as buildings, shopping malls, and hospitals. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the emergency power supply and the downlight in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] Reference Figures 1 to 3As shown, the present invention provides an emergency power supply that automatically matches LED loads of various specifications of downlights. In one embodiment, it includes a power input module, a mains power emergency switching module, a charging management module, a backup battery, a microcontroller control module, a current control module, a voltage detection module, a cold / warm light switching module, and a power output module. The power input module is used to connect to AC 120-277V wide-range mains power, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the mains power emergency switching module and the input terminal of the charging management module, respectively, to realize the split transmission of mains power; The output of the charging management module is electrically connected to the backup battery, and is used to charge the backup battery with constant current and constant voltage when the mains power is normal. It also has overcharge, over-temperature and overcurrent protection functions. The controlled terminal of the mains power emergency switching module is electrically connected to the first I / O output terminal of the microcontroller control module, and the output terminal of the mains power emergency switching module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the current control module. It is used to realize the rapid switching between the mains power supply circuit and the emergency power supply circuit according to the instructions of the microcontroller control module, with a switching time of no more than 100ms. The microcontroller control module is the core control unit, and it uses a microcontroller with ADC sampling, PWM output and multiple I / O interface expansion functions. Its ADC sampling terminal is connected to the output terminal of the voltage detection module to receive voltage detection signals. The second I / O output terminal of the microcontroller control module is connected to the controlled terminal of the current control module to output current adjustment commands. The third and fourth I / O output terminals of the microcontroller control module are respectively connected to the two controlled terminals of the cold / warm light switching module to output circuit switching commands. The current control module adopts PWM pulse width modulation. The output terminal of the current control module is connected to the common input terminal of the cold and warm light switching module. It is used to adjust the output current according to the instructions of the microcontroller control module. The adjustment range is 0.1-1A and the adjustment accuracy is not less than 0.01A. The cold and warm light switching module adopts a MOS tube contactless switching circuit. The two output terminals of the cold and warm light switching module are electrically connected to the cold light output terminal and the warm light output terminal of the power output module, respectively, to achieve selective conduction of the cold light circuit and the warm light circuit of the downlight LED load. The switching response time is no more than 10ms. The voltage detection module is connected in parallel across the output terminals of the power output module. The voltage detection module uses a signal conditioning circuit composed of voltage divider resistors and operational amplifiers. The detection range is DC 0-42V, and the detection accuracy is not less than 0.1V. It is used to collect the output voltage signal in real time and transmit it to the microcontroller control module. The power output module has three output terminals: cold light, warm light, and common terminal, which are used to electrically connect to the corresponding pins of various specifications of downlight LED loads and provide the load with a working power of appropriate power. The backup battery is a lithium battery, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the emergency power supply input terminal of the mains power emergency switching module to provide emergency power supply for the entire power system when the mains power is interrupted. The microcontroller control module has a built-in power matching algorithm, which achieves adaptive power matching for multi-specification downlight LED loads through the following steps: S1: The microcontroller control module controls the current control module to output a fixed initial current, and switches to the cold light and warm light circuits respectively and maintains them for a preset time.

[0016] In this step, when the mains power is normal, the microcontroller control module detects the valid mains power signal, controls the mains power emergency switching module to switch to mains power supply mode, and the emergency power supply enters the mains power drive working state. At the same time, it controls the current control module to output a fixed initial current.

[0017] S2: Collect two stable output voltages and calculate the difference; Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21: The microcontroller control module controls the third I / O output terminal to output a high level and the fourth I / O output terminal to output a low level, so that the cold and warm light switching module switches to the cold light circuit and maintains this state for a preset time T. After the output voltage stabilizes, the voltage detection signal is sampled multiple times (10 times in this embodiment), and the maximum and minimum values ​​in the sampled values ​​are removed and the average value is taken. This average value is used as the stable output voltage V1 in the cold light state and stored. S22: Warm light voltage acquisition: Keep the initial current output unchanged, the microcontroller control module switches the third I / O output terminal to low level and the fourth I / O output terminal to high level, so that the cold and warm light switching module switches to the warm light circuit and maintains the same preset time T. After the output voltage stabilizes, the voltage detection signal is sampled continuously multiple times, and the maximum and minimum values ​​in the sampled values ​​are removed and the average value is taken. This average value is used as the stable output voltage V2 in the warm light state and stored. S23: The microcontroller control module calculates the absolute difference in output voltage ΔV=|V1-V2| under cold and warm light conditions.

[0018] S3: Automatically adjusts the output power based on the preset matching relationship between voltage difference and power; Step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31: Determine the target operating power to match the current downlight LED load based on the preset voltage difference-power matching relationship; S32: The microcontroller control module calculates the target output current I=P / U based on the target power and the average value of the current output voltage U=(V1+V2) / 2. Then, by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal output to the current control module, it controls the current control module to output the target current, so that the emergency power supply can stably output the target working power. As long as the microcontroller control module does not lose power, it will continue to maintain the target power output. If a load disconnection or short circuit signal is detected, the output will be cut off immediately and the protection mechanism will be activated.

[0019] In this step, the target operating power of the current downlight LED load is determined based on the preset voltage difference-power matching relationship (for example, ΔV≤1V corresponds to a target power of 5W, 1V<ΔV≤3V corresponds to a target power of 10W, 3V<ΔV≤5V corresponds to a target power of 15W, and ΔV>5V corresponds to a target power of 20W). The microcontroller control module calculates the target output current (I=P / U) based on the target power and the average value of the current output voltage (U=(V1+V2) / 2). By adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal output to the current control, the current control is used to control the target output current, so that the emergency power supply can stably output the target operating power. As long as the microcontroller does not lose power, the target power output is maintained continuously. If a load disconnection or short circuit signal is detected, the output is immediately cut off and the protection mechanism is activated.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the preset time T in steps S21 and S22 is in the range of 1-5 seconds, preferably 2 seconds, to ensure that the downlight LED load works stably under the corresponding light color circuit, so that the voltage detection module can collect a stable voltage signal without fluctuations; the fixed initial current in step S1 is 0.4A, which is adapted to the starting requirements of common 30-40V downlight LED loads, ensuring that the load can be lit normally for voltage sampling, while avoiding excessive initial current that could burn out the LED beads.

[0021] Meanwhile, the current control module adopts PWM control with a PWM signal frequency of 1kHz. The microcontroller control module adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal to achieve precise adjustment of the output current, with an adjustment accuracy of no less than 0.01A. The current control module also includes a current sampling resistor and a feedback amplifier circuit to form a current closed-loop regulation circuit, ensuring that the output current is not affected by input voltage fluctuations and load impedance changes, maintaining a stable output. The voltage detection module uses a detection circuit composed of voltage divider resistors and operational amplifiers. The voltage divider resistors are selected with an accuracy of no less than 1% metal film resistors, and the operational amplifier forms a voltage follower to increase the input impedance and reduce the output impedance, avoiding the sampling circuit from affecting the main output circuit voltage. The voltage detection module has a detection accuracy of no less than 0.1V and a detection range of DC 0-42V, which can adapt to the voltage output requirements of LED downlights with different series and parallel numbers.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the cold / warm light switching module employs an N-channel MOSFET switching circuit. The sources of the two MOSFETs are connected to the output terminal of the current control module, and the drains of the two MOSFETs are respectively connected to the cold light and warm light output terminals of the power output module. The gates of the two MOSFETs are electrically connected to the third and fourth I / O output terminals of the microcontroller control module through current-limiting resistors. The MOSFETs are selected as low-conduction-loss devices with an on-resistance of less than 0.1Ω, and the switching response time does not exceed 10ms, realizing the time-free switching of the cold light and warm light circuits without current surge during the switching process.

[0023] Meanwhile, the mains power emergency switching module adopts an electromagnetic relay switching circuit. The relay coil is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and a freewheeling diode, and then connected to the first I / O output terminal of the microcontroller control module. The relay contacts adopt a normally open and normally closed double contact structure. The normally open contacts are connected to the mains power supply circuit, and the normally closed contacts are connected to the backup battery power supply circuit. The switching time does not exceed 100ms. When the mains power is interrupted, the microcontroller control module detects the mains power abnormality signal within 100ms and immediately controls the relay to switch to the backup battery power supply circuit to ensure uninterrupted lighting.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the microcontroller control module uses a CMS8S6990NA chip, which has a 12-bit ADC sampling channel, multiple 16-bit timers (capable of outputting PWM signals), and abundant I / O interfaces. It has a built-in 16KB Flash memory and 1KB RAM, which can store power matching algorithm programs, preset matching relationship data, and sampling data. The microcontroller operates at 5V, which is obtained from the mains rectified output voltage or the backup battery voltage through a linear voltage regulator chip, ensuring stable operation.

[0025] Meanwhile, the charging management module uses a microcontroller to control a constant current chip to adapt to the charging requirements of a 3.2V lithium battery; the charging management also includes a charging status indicator circuit, which uses LED indicators to indicate the charging in progress and charging completed status respectively, and has overcharge, over-temperature and over-current protection functions. When the backup battery voltage reaches 3.65V, charging will stop to avoid battery damage.

[0026] Furthermore, the hardware and circuit design is as follows: Current control module: The HI6000B is used as the current regulating element, and together with the AO4262E, a PWM drive circuit is formed. The microcontroller outputs a PWM signal through the PA0 pin to adjust the duty cycle of the MOSFET, so as to realize the continuous adjustment of the output current from 0.1-2A. Voltage detection module: It uses a 10kΩ voltage divider resistor. The voltage signal after voltage division is input through the PA1 pin (ADC channel) of the microcontroller. After the microcontroller's internal AD conversion, the output voltage value is obtained. The detection range is DC 0-42V and the accuracy is 0.1V. Cold and warm light switching module: Two N-MOS transistors are used to control the cold light circuit and the warm light circuit respectively. The microcontroller outputs high and low level signals through the PB0 and PB1 pins to control the conduction and cutoff of the corresponding MOS transistors to realize circuit switching. The switching response time is 5ms. Power output module: It adopts a terminal block design and has an output voltage range of DC 30-40V. It can be directly connected to the cold light and warm light pins and the common pin of the downlight LED load.

[0027] The software flow for microcontroller control is developed based on the Keil C51 compiler and implemented using C language programming. The core flow is as follows: 1) System initialization: After the microcontroller is powered on, the I / O interface, ADC sampling, PWM output, and timer are initialized. The initial duty cycle of the PWM is set so that the current control output has a fixed initial current of 0.4A and the timer timing period is set to 2 seconds (preset time T). 2) Mains power status detection: The microcontroller detects the mains power input signal through the PC1 pin. If the mains power is normal (DC3V), it controls the mains power emergency switching module to switch to mains power supply mode, and the emergency power supply enters the driving power supply working state; if no mains power signal is detected, it switches to emergency power supply mode and is powered by the backup battery. 3) Cold light voltage acquisition: The microcontroller controls the PB0 pin to output a high level and the PB1 pin to output a low level, controlling the cold and warm light switching module to switch to the cold light circuit. At the same time, the timer is started. After a delay of 2 seconds, the ADC sampling is started. The output signal of the voltage detection is sampled 10 times continuously. After removing the maximum and minimum values, the average value is taken as the stable output voltage V1 in the cold light state. 4) Warm light voltage acquisition: Keep the PB0 pin at a low level, control the PB1 pin to output a high level, switch to the warm light circuit, start the timer again, delay for 2 seconds, and then the ADC sample continuously 10 times. Take the average value as the stable output voltage V2 under the warm light state. 5) Voltage Difference Calculation and Power Matching: The microcontroller calculates ΔV = |V1 - V2|, and determines the target power based on the preset voltage difference-power matching relationship (stored in the microcontroller's Flash memory). In this embodiment, the preset matching relationship is as follows: When ΔV≤1V, the target power is 5W; When 1V < ΔV ≤ 3V, the target power is 10W; When 3V < ΔV ≤ 5V, the target power is 15W; When ΔV>5V, the target power is 20W; 6) Power adjustment: The microcontroller calculates the target output current (I=P / U, where U is the average of V1 and V2) based on the target power and the current output voltage. By adjusting the PWM duty cycle, the current is controlled to control the target output current, thereby achieving the target power output. 7) Dynamic maintenance: The microcontroller repeats steps 64-67 every 30 seconds to update the voltage difference and output power in real time to ensure that it is always compatible with the downlight LED load; if a load disconnection or short circuit signal is detected, the output is immediately cut off and the protection mechanism is activated.

[0028] In addition, to verify the practicality and compatibility of the present invention, four different specifications of LED downlight loads were selected for testing, and the test results are shown in the table below:

[0029] Table 1 Load Test Table for LED Downlights of Different Specifications Test results show that the emergency power supply of the present invention can accurately identify LED loads of different specifications of downlights, adaptively match the appropriate working power through voltage difference analysis, and ensure stable load operation without flickering, burnout or other problems. At the same time, it can quickly switch to emergency power supply mode when the mains power is interrupted to ensure the continuity of lighting and fully meet the needs of practical applications.

[0030] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An emergency power supply that automatically matches LED loads of various downlight specifications, characterized in that, It includes a power input module, a mains power emergency switching module, a charging management module, a backup battery, a microcontroller control module, a current control module, a voltage detection module, a cold / warm light switching module, and a power output module; The power input module is used to connect to mains power, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the mains power emergency switching module and the input terminal of the charging management module, respectively. The output terminal of the charging management module is electrically connected to the backup battery. The controlled terminal of the mains power emergency switching module is electrically connected to the first I / O output terminal of the microcontroller control module, and the output terminal of the mains power emergency switching module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the current control module, used to realize rapid switching between the mains power supply circuit and the emergency power supply circuit according to the instructions of the microcontroller control module. The ADC sampling terminal of the microcontroller control module is connected to the output terminal of the voltage detection module, used to receive the voltage detection signal. The second I / O output terminal of the microcontroller control module is connected to the controlled terminal of the current control module, used to output the current adjustment command. The third and fourth I / O output terminals of the microcontroller control module are respectively connected to the two controlled terminals of the warm / cold light switching module, used to output the circuit switching command. The current control module adopts PWM pulse width modulation, and the output terminal of the current control module is connected to the common input of the warm / cold light switching module. The system includes a terminal connection for adjusting the output current according to instructions from the microcontroller control module; a MOSFET contactless switching circuit for switching between cold and warm light, with its two output terminals electrically connected to the cold and warm light output terminals of the power output module, enabling selective conduction of the cold and warm light circuits for the downlight LED load; a voltage detection module connected in parallel across the output terminals of the power output module, employing a signal conditioning circuit composed of voltage divider resistors and operational amplifiers, for real-time acquisition of the output voltage signal and transmission to the microcontroller control module; a power output module with three output terminals (cold light, warm light, and common) for electrical connection to corresponding pins of various downlight LED loads, providing a power supply with appropriate power for the load; and a backup battery output connected to the emergency power input of the mains power emergency switching module, providing emergency power to the entire power system during mains power outages. The microcontroller control module incorporates a power matching algorithm to achieve adaptive power matching for various downlight LED loads through the following steps: S1: The microcontroller control module controls the current control module to output a fixed initial current, and switches to the cold light and warm light circuits respectively and maintains them for a preset time; S2: Collect two stable output voltages and calculate the difference; S3: Automatically adjusts the output power based on the preset matching relationship between voltage difference and power.

2. The emergency power supply for automatic matching with multi-specification downlight LED loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21: The microcontroller control module controls the third I / O output terminal to output a high level and the fourth I / O output terminal to output a low level, so that the cold and warm light switching module switches to the cold light circuit and maintains this state for a preset time T. After the output voltage stabilizes, the voltage detection signal is sampled multiple times, and the maximum and minimum values ​​in the sampled values ​​are removed and the average value is taken. This average value is used as the stable output voltage V1 in the cold light state and stored. S22: Warm light voltage acquisition: Keep the initial current output unchanged, the microcontroller control module switches the third I / O output terminal to low level and the fourth I / O output terminal to high level, so that the cold and warm light switching module switches to the warm light circuit and maintains the same preset time T. After the output voltage stabilizes, the voltage detection signal is sampled continuously multiple times, and the maximum and minimum values ​​in the sampled values ​​are removed and the average value is taken. This average value is used as the stable output voltage V2 in the warm light state and stored. S23: The microcontroller control module calculates the absolute difference in output voltage ΔV=|V1-V2| under cold and warm light conditions.

3. The emergency power supply for automatic matching with multi-specification downlight LED loads according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31: Determine the target operating power to match the current downlight LED load based on the preset voltage difference-power matching relationship; S32: The microcontroller control module calculates the target output current I=P / U based on the target power and the average value of the current output voltage U=(V1+V2) / 2. Then, by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal output to the current control module, it controls the current control module to output the target current, so that the emergency power supply can stably output the target working power. As long as the microcontroller control module does not lose power, it will continue to maintain the target power output. If a load disconnection or short circuit signal is detected, the output will be cut off immediately and the protection mechanism will be activated.

4. The emergency power supply for automatic matching with multi-specification downlight LED loads according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preset time T in steps S21 and S22 ranges from 1 to 5 seconds; the fixed initial current in step S1 is 0.4A.

5. The emergency power supply for automatic matching with multi-specification downlight LED loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current control module includes a current sampling resistor and a feedback amplifier circuit to form a current closed-loop regulation circuit, ensuring that the output current is not affected by input voltage fluctuations and load impedance changes, and maintaining a stable output.

6. The emergency power supply for automatic matching with multi-specification downlight LED loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold and warm light switching module adopts an N-channel MOSFET switching circuit. The sources of the two MOSFETs are connected to the output terminal of the current control module, the drains of the two MOSFETs are connected to the cold light and warm light output terminals of the power output module, respectively, and the gates of the two MOSFETs are electrically connected to the third and fourth I / O output terminals of the microcontroller control module through current limiting resistors.

7. The emergency power supply for automatic matching with multi-specification downlight LED loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mains power emergency switching module adopts an electromagnetic relay switching circuit, wherein the relay coil is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and a freewheeling diode and then connected to the first I / O output terminal of the microcontroller control module; the relay contacts adopt a normally open and normally closed double contact structure, wherein the normally open contacts are connected to the mains power supply circuit and the normally closed contacts are connected to the backup battery power supply circuit.

8. The emergency power supply for automatic matching with multi-specification downlight LED loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microcontroller control module uses a CMS8S6990NA chip.

9. The emergency power supply for automatic matching with multi-specification downlight LED loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging management module includes a charging status indicator circuit, which uses LED indicators to show the charging in progress and charging completed statuses, respectively.

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