A building thermal working condition equivalent simulation method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The application discloses a building thermal working condition equivalent simulation method, device, equipment and medium. The method sets standardization geometric space parameters; then, based on the rated power of a building heating device, temperature sampling is carried out in a building closed space to obtain temperature rising sampling data and temperature falling sampling data; then, heat consumption is calculated according to the temperature rising and falling sampling data, and the equivalent heat transfer area of the building is determined according to the heat consumption and the space parameters; subsequently, the equivalent heat transfer coefficient is calculated according to the heat consumption and the equivalent heat transfer area, and the building thermal response characteristic is obtained according to the heat transfer coefficient, the heat transfer area and the temperature difference between the indoor and outdoor temperatures of the building. Through the parameters and the temperature rising and falling dynamic sampling data, the heat transfer coefficient and the building thermal response characteristic can be accurately derived, the bottleneck of the traditional fixed parameter constraint and the lack of dynamic heat transfer characteristics is effectively broken through; meanwhile, the adaptive adaptation of the building structure can be realized, the accuracy of the building thermal characteristic judgment is improved, and the scene adaptability of the heating is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of this application relate to, but are not limited to, the field of thermal modeling of heating systems, and particularly to a method, apparatus, equipment and medium for equivalent simulation of building thermal conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional thermal calculations for heating control generally rely on fixed parameter systems, requiring manual input of various building physical parameters. This makes it difficult to adapt to differences in insulation performance across different apartment layouts and building ages, creating a significant bottleneck in scenario adaptability. Furthermore, existing thermal calculations neglect the dynamic heat transfer characteristics of the building envelope. Their sampling mechanisms primarily focus on single-point data acquisition under steady-state conditions, failing to fully capture the dynamic thermal characteristics of the entire building heating and cooling process, resulting in an inaccurate determination of the true heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope. These limitations of fixed parameters and the lack of dynamic characteristics make it difficult to accurately establish the correlation between the indoor and outdoor temperature difference and the actual heat load, hindering the formation of effective judgments on building thermal response characteristics, and consequently affecting the accuracy and adaptability of heating control. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The following is an overview of the subject matter described in detail herein. This overview is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0004] This application provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for equivalent simulation of building thermal conditions, which can improve heating adaptability and judgment accuracy.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for equivalent simulation of building thermal conditions, comprising: setting standardized geometric spatial parameters; sampling temperatures within a closed building space based on the rated power of the building heating equipment to obtain heating rise sampling data and cooling fall sampling data; calculating heat consumption based on the heating rise sampling data and the cooling fall sampling data; determining the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building based on the heat consumption and the standardized geometric spatial parameters; calculating the equivalent heat transfer coefficient based on the heat consumption and the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building; and obtaining the building thermal response characteristics based on the equivalent heat transfer coefficient, the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building, and the temperature difference between the indoor and outdoor areas of the building.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment of this application, the step of sampling temperature within a building's enclosed space based on the rated power of the building heating equipment to obtain heating sampling data and cooling sampling data includes: while the heating equipment is continuously operating at its rated power, raising the ambient temperature of the enclosed building space from an initial temperature to a first characteristic temperature point, maintaining constant temperature operation for a preset time, and continuously collecting real-time ambient temperature and corresponding power data to obtain first characteristic heating data; raising the temperature from the first characteristic temperature point to a second characteristic temperature point, maintaining constant temperature operation for a preset time, and continuously collecting real-time ambient temperature and corresponding power data to obtain second characteristic heating data; raising the temperature from the second characteristic temperature point to a third characteristic temperature point, maintaining constant temperature operation for a preset time, and continuously collecting real-time ambient temperature and corresponding power data to obtain third characteristic heating data; obtaining heating sampling data based on the first, second, and third characteristic heating data; and switching the operating power of the heating equipment to a preset ratio of the rated power, continuously collecting temperature and power data throughout the entire process of the temperature in the enclosed building space falling from the third characteristic temperature point back to the initial temperature to obtain cooling sampling data.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment of this application, the step of calculating the thermal power consumption based on the heating sampling data and the cooling sampling data includes: extracting the heating output power from the heating sampling data and extracting the cooling output power from the cooling sampling data; calculating the difference between the heating output power and the cooling output power to obtain the thermal power consumption.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment of this application, the standardized geometric spatial parameters include a preset floor height, a percentage of the area of ​​the enclosing structure, an aspect ratio of the base area, and a standard heat load density; determining the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building based on the heat power consumption and the standardized geometric spatial parameters includes: calculating the heat power of a 1-degree Celsius temperature change based on the heat power consumption and the corresponding temperature rise parameter; dividing the heat power of a 1-degree Celsius temperature change by the standard heat load density to obtain the equivalent base area; calculating the equivalent base perimeter based on the equivalent base area and the aspect ratio of the base area; calculating the equivalent total facade area based on the equivalent base perimeter and the preset floor height; obtaining the enclosing structure area based on the equivalent total facade area and the percentage of the area of ​​the enclosing structure, and using the enclosing structure area as the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment of this application, the step of calculating the equivalent heat transfer coefficient based on the heat power consumption and the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building includes: dividing the heat power of the space temperature change by 1 degree Celsius by the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building to obtain the equivalent heat transfer coefficient.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment of this application, before temperature sampling is performed in the enclosed space of a building, the method further includes: selecting multiple feature points within the target rated power range of the equipment for calibration based on a standard power source with preset accuracy; generating a power correction coefficient matrix based on the calibration results; collecting the real-time operating voltage and current of the heating equipment; filtering the collected operating voltage and current to obtain processed voltage and current; calculating the initial rated power of the heating equipment based on the processed voltage and current; and optimizing the initial rated power based on the power correction coefficient matrix to obtain the optimized rated power.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment of this application, after obtaining the building thermal response characteristics, the method further includes: adjusting the output power of the heating equipment according to the building thermal response characteristics.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a building thermal condition equivalent simulation device, comprising: a parameter processing module for setting standardized geometric space parameters; a temperature sampling module for sampling temperature within a closed building space based on the rated power of the building heating equipment to obtain heating sampling data and cooling sampling data; a power consumption calculation module for calculating thermal power consumption based on the heating sampling data and the cooling sampling data; a coefficient calculation module for determining the building equivalent heat transfer area based on the thermal power consumption and the standardized geometric space parameters; and calculating the equivalent heat transfer coefficient based on the thermal power consumption and the building equivalent heat transfer area; and a feature generation module for obtaining building thermal response characteristics based on the equivalent heat transfer coefficient, the building equivalent heat transfer area, and the indoor-outdoor temperature difference.

[0013] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the building thermal condition equivalent simulation method as described above.

[0014] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a processor-executable program, which, when executed by a processor, is used to perform the building thermal condition equivalent simulation method as described above.

[0015] This application provides a method, device, electronic device, and computer-readable storage medium for equivalent simulation of building thermal conditions. The method includes: first, setting standardized geometric spatial parameters; then, based on the rated power of the building heating equipment, conducting temperature sampling within the enclosed space of the building to obtain heating and cooling sampling data; subsequently, calculating the heat consumption based on the heating and cooling sampling data, and determining the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building by combining the heat consumption and geometric spatial parameters; then, calculating the equivalent heat transfer coefficient based on the heat consumption and equivalent heat transfer area; and finally, obtaining the building thermal response characteristics based on the equivalent heat transfer coefficient, the building equivalent heat transfer area, and the temperature difference between the building's interior and exterior. This application, by combining standardized geometric spatial parameters with dynamic heating and cooling sampling data, can accurately derive the equivalent heat transfer coefficient and building thermal response characteristics, effectively overcoming the limitations of fixed parameters in traditional methods and compensating for the shortcomings of dynamic heat transfer characteristic analysis; simultaneously, it can achieve adaptive adaptation of the building structure, improve the accuracy of building thermal characteristic judgment, and enhance the scenario adaptability of the heating system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the building thermal condition equivalent simulation method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is provided by the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 The detailed flowchart of step 120;

[0018] Figure 3 This is provided by the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 The detailed flowchart of step 130;

[0019] Figure 4 This is provided by the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 The detailed flowchart of step 140;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the power measurement and calibration process provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the building thermal condition equivalent simulation device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that although the flowchart shows a logical order, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than that shown in the flowchart. The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and the aforementioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the drawings are only used to complement the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this application. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effects and purposes achieved by this application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application. Similarly, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are only for clarity of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of this application. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of implementation of this application.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0025] Traditional thermal calculations for heating control generally rely on fixed parameter systems, requiring manual input of various building physical parameters. This makes it difficult to adapt to differences in insulation performance across different apartment layouts and building ages, creating a significant bottleneck in scenario adaptability. Furthermore, existing thermal calculations neglect the dynamic heat transfer characteristics of the building envelope. Their sampling mechanisms primarily focus on single-point data acquisition under steady-state conditions, failing to fully capture the dynamic thermal characteristics of the entire building heating and cooling process, resulting in an inaccurate determination of the true heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope. These limitations of fixed parameters and the lack of dynamic characteristics make it difficult to accurately establish the correlation between the indoor and outdoor temperature difference and the actual heat load, hindering the formation of effective judgments on building thermal response characteristics, and consequently affecting the accuracy and adaptability of heating control.

[0026] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a method for equivalent simulation of building thermal conditions, a device for equivalent simulation of building thermal conditions, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium. In this method, standardized geometric spatial parameters are first set; then, based on the rated power of the building heating equipment, temperature sampling is conducted within the enclosed space of the building to obtain heating and cooling sampling data; subsequently, heat consumption is calculated based on the heating and cooling sampling data, and the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building is determined by combining the heat consumption and geometric spatial parameters; then, the equivalent heat transfer coefficient is calculated based on the heat consumption and equivalent heat transfer area; and the building thermal response characteristics are obtained based on the equivalent heat transfer coefficient, the building equivalent heat transfer area, and the temperature difference between the building's interior and exterior. Embodiments of this application, by combining standardized geometric spatial parameters with dynamic heating and cooling sampling data, can accurately derive the equivalent heat transfer coefficient and building thermal response characteristics, effectively breaking through the application constraints of fixed parameters in traditional methods and compensating for the shortcomings of dynamic heat transfer characteristic analysis; at the same time, it can achieve adaptive adaptation of the building structure, improve the accuracy of building thermal characteristic judgment, and enhance the scenario adaptability of the heating system.

[0027] The embodiments of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the building thermal condition equivalent simulation method provided in the embodiments of this application. The process may specifically include, but is not limited to, steps 110 to 160.

[0029] Step 110: Set standardized geometric space parameters;

[0030] Step 120: Based on the rated power of the building heating equipment, temperature samples are taken in the enclosed space of the building to obtain heating sampling data and cooling sampling data;

[0031] Step 130: Calculate the heat dissipation based on the heating and cooling sampling data;

[0032] Step 140: Determine the building's equivalent heat transfer area based on heat dissipation and standardized geometric spatial parameters;

[0033] Step 150: Calculate the equivalent heat transfer coefficient based on the heat consumption and the building's equivalent heat transfer area;

[0034] Step 160: Obtain the building thermal response characteristics based on the equivalent heat transfer coefficient, the building's equivalent heat transfer area, and the temperature difference between the building's interior and exterior.

[0035] Steps 110 to 160 will be described in detail below.

[0036] In one feasible embodiment, geometric spatial parameters are core quantitative indicators describing the physical form and spatial layout of a building. They encompass various key dimensions of the building envelope, including the length and height of walls, the length and width of doors and windows, the planar dimensions of the roof, the ground coverage area, and the orientation information of each envelope structure. Based on these parameters, the building's equivalent heat transfer area can be determined.

[0037] In one feasible embodiment, the standardized geometric spatial parameters include preset floor heights and percentage of the enclosure area. The aspect ratio of the base area and the standard heat load density. The preset floor height refers to the standard floor height suitable for most civil buildings, used to unify the geometric space calculation benchmark; the percentage of the enclosure area. The ratio of the area of ​​the building envelope that actually participates in the heat transfer between indoors and outdoors to the total area of ​​the building envelope can be obtained through statistical fitting of typical house types. The standard heat load density refers to the standard heat load value corresponding to a unit area of ​​building under a unit installed capacity. It is a core indicator for measuring the matching degree between building heating demand and heating equipment installation. It can be used to quantify the heat load supply intensity required per unit area of ​​building under standard operating conditions.

[0038] In one feasible embodiment, the preset floor height can be set to 3m, which is suitable for the mainstream civil building floor height of 2.8 to 3.2m. For scenarios with non-preset floor heights such as loft apartments, this embodiment supports users to manually adjust the value, and the adjustment range is limited to the range of 2 to 40m to ensure calculation convergence.

[0039] In one feasible embodiment, The constant value can be determined by the ratio of the product of the building's base perimeter and the preset floor height. Specifically, it can be set to 0.4. This value is obtained through statistical analysis of the product of the enclosure area and the bottom perimeter of typical house types such as rectangles, L-shapes, and circles. The corresponding 95% confidence interval is 0.38 to 0.42.

[0040] In one feasible embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the execution process of step 120 may include, but is not limited to, steps 210 to 250.

[0041] Step 210: During the continuous operation of the heating equipment at rated power, the ambient temperature of the enclosed building space is raised from the initial temperature to the first characteristic temperature point, and the constant temperature operation is maintained for a preset time. Real-time ambient temperature and corresponding power data are continuously collected to obtain the first characteristic temperature rise data.

[0042] Step 220: Raise the temperature from the first characteristic temperature point to the second characteristic temperature point, maintain constant temperature operation for a preset time, and continuously collect real-time ambient temperature and corresponding power data to obtain the second characteristic temperature rise data;

[0043] Step 230: Raise the temperature from the second characteristic temperature point to the third characteristic temperature point, maintain constant temperature operation for a preset time, and continuously collect real-time ambient temperature and corresponding power data to obtain the third characteristic temperature rise data.

[0044] Step 240: Obtain heating sampling data based on the first characteristic heating data, the second characteristic heating data, and the third characteristic heating data;

[0045] Step 250: Switch the operating power of the heating equipment to a preset ratio of the rated power, and continuously collect temperature and power data throughout the entire process of the temperature in the enclosed building space falling from the third characteristic temperature point back to the initial temperature, to obtain cooling sampling data.

[0046] In a feasible embodiment, step 210 mainly corresponds to the initial stage of the three-stage heating process. During operation, it is first ensured that the building's enclosed space is in a state of closed doors and windows and no forced ventilation to eliminate external interference. The heating equipment starts operating at 100% rated power, with the goal of raising the ambient temperature from the initial temperature T0 to the first characteristic temperature point, which can be set as the initial temperature T0 + 5℃. During the heating process, real-time ambient temperature and the corresponding operating power data of the equipment are continuously collected. Hysteresis control can be used during the data collection process to keep temperature fluctuations within ±0.5℃, ensuring temperature stability. Once the temperature reaches the set first characteristic temperature point, it is maintained at a constant temperature for a period of time, with a preset time of 30 minutes. This is to allow the building envelope to fully complete heat exchange equilibrium, ensuring the collected data is more effective. These collected and processed temperature and power data together constitute the first characteristic heating data.

[0047] In one feasible embodiment, step 220 is an intermediate step in the heating phase. Continuing from the constant temperature state of the previous step, the heating equipment continues to operate at 100% rated power, further raising the space temperature from the first characteristic temperature point to a second characteristic temperature point, which can be set as the initial temperature T0 + 10°C. During the heating process, real-time ambient temperature and corresponding power data are continuously collected, maintaining hysteresis control to stabilize the temperature. After reaching the second characteristic temperature point, constant temperature operation is maintained for 30 minutes, during which the continuously collected data is processed to form the second characteristic temperature rise data.

[0048] In one feasible embodiment, step 230 is the final stage of the heating phase. Continuing the previous operating mode, the space temperature is raised from the second characteristic temperature point to the third characteristic temperature point at 100% rated power. The third characteristic temperature point can be set as the initial temperature T0 + 15°C. Real-time temperature and power data are continuously collected during the heating process to maintain the temperature stable within the set range. After reaching the target temperature, the system continues to maintain a constant temperature for thirty minutes. The continuously collected data during this period is then processed to form the third characteristic heating data.

[0049] In a feasible embodiment, in step 240, after completing the heating and isothermal data acquisition in the first three steps, the heating data of the first, second, and third characteristics are summarized and organized. During the organization process, the time period and cumulative power consumption corresponding to each heating stage can be recorded simultaneously to provide basic data for subsequent thermal power consumption calculation. At the same time, the collected raw data can also be preliminarily sorted to remove obvious interference data, ensuring that the integrated heating sampling data is complete, reliable, and can accurately reflect the thermal response of the entire heating process.

[0050] In a feasible embodiment, in step 250, after the heating phase is completed, the operating power of the heating equipment is switched to a preset percentage of the rated power. This percentage can be selected as 10%, or 0.1 times the rated power. After switching the power, continuous data is collected on the entire process of the space temperature gradually dropping from the third characteristic temperature point back to the initial temperature T0. The sampling interval can be set to 10 seconds. This interval can capture subtle features of temperature changes. At the same time, the corresponding power data and timestamp information are recorded synchronously, forming a three-dimensional data set of temperature, power, and timestamp. The entire cooling acquisition process must be of sufficient duration to ensure coverage of the complete cooling cycle. Typically, a complete cooling cycle takes between 90 and 120 minutes. If interference occurs during the process, such as the opening of doors and windows, a resampling mechanism can be triggered to ensure the validity of the cooling sampling data. This collected and organized data is the cooling sampling data.

[0051] In one feasible embodiment, after obtaining heating and cooling sampling data, heat dissipation can be calculated based on this data. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the execution process of step 130 may include, but is not limited to, steps 310 and 320.

[0052] Step 310: Extract the heating output power from the heating sampling data and extract the cooling output power from the cooling sampling data;

[0053] Step 320: Calculate the difference between the heating output power and the cooling output power to obtain the thermal power consumption.

[0054] In one feasible embodiment, after completing dynamic heating and cooling sampling, the real-time output power of the device can be extracted from the continuous acquisition records during the heating phase to form a complete data sequence of heating output power. Simultaneously, the device output power for the corresponding time period can also be extracted from the acquisition records during the cooling phase and organized into a data sequence of cooling output power.

[0055] In a feasible embodiment, after obtaining two sets of data—heating output power and cooling output power—the difference between the heating output power and cooling output power within the same temperature change range can be calculated. This difference reflects the net heat consumption used to overcome heat loss from the building envelope, excluding the effects of heat storage or release within the space itself. Through this calculation, the heat consumption value corresponding to a specific temperature rise can be obtained.

[0056] In one feasible embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the process of determining the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​a building based on heat dissipation and standardized geometric spatial parameters in step 140 may include, but is not limited to, steps 410 to 450.

[0057] Step 410: Calculate the heat power of a 1-degree Celsius change in space temperature based on the heat dissipation and corresponding temperature rise parameters;

[0058] Step 420: Divide the heat power of a 1-degree Celsius temperature change in space by the standard heat load density to obtain the equivalent base area;

[0059] Step 430: Calculate the equivalent base perimeter based on the equivalent base area and the aspect ratio of the base area;

[0060] Step 440: Calculate the total area of ​​the equivalent facade based on the equivalent bottom perimeter and the preset floor height;

[0061] Step 450: Based on the percentage of the equivalent facade area and the enclosure area, obtain the enclosure area and use it as the building's equivalent heat transfer area.

[0062] In a feasible embodiment, in step 410, after obtaining the heat power consumption corresponding to a specific temperature rise, this heat power consumption can be divided by the corresponding temperature rise value. For example, when the temperature rises by 5°C from the initial state, the heat power consumption in that interval is divided by 5. This calculation can obtain the heat power required for each degree Celsius change in the space temperature, and this value can intuitively reflect the thermal response intensity of the space.

[0063] In a feasible embodiment, in step 420, after obtaining the heat power for a 1-degree Celsius change in space temperature, this value can be divided by the standard heat load density. The standard heat load density can be taken as 0.12 kW / m², referring to the Civil Building Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Design Code. 2This step of the calculation yields the equivalent base area, which is the virtual building base area that matches the actual thermal requirements of the space.

[0064] In a feasible embodiment, in step 430, after obtaining the equivalent base area, the equivalent bottom perimeter can be calculated by combining it with a preset aspect ratio. For example, the aspect ratio can be set to 3:2, so that the equivalent base area can be proportionally divided into length and width, and then the equivalent bottom perimeter can be calculated according to the rectangle perimeter formula.

[0065] In a feasible embodiment, in step 440, after obtaining the equivalent bottom perimeter, this perimeter can be multiplied by a preset floor height. The preset floor height can be 3m, which is suitable for the standard floor height of most civil buildings. This calculation can obtain the equivalent total facade area, that is, the total unfolded area of ​​the walls around the virtual building.

[0066] In a feasible embodiment, in step 450, after obtaining the equivalent total facade area, this area can be multiplied by the percentage of the envelope area, and the result is the envelope area. This area can be directly used as the building's equivalent heat transfer area, representing the effective area for heat exchange between the building and the outside world.

[0067] In one feasible embodiment, after obtaining the heat power of a 1-degree Celsius temperature change and the building's equivalent heat transfer area, the heat power of a 1-degree Celsius temperature change can be divided by the building's equivalent heat transfer area to calculate the equivalent heat transfer coefficient. This coefficient directly reflects the thermal insulation performance of the building envelope; generally, the smaller the value, the better the insulation effect. The entire calculation process does not rely on actual building floor plans or insulation material parameters; it only requires a combination of sampled data and standardized geometric parameters to achieve accurate simulation of the building's thermal characteristics.

[0068] In one feasible embodiment, before conducting multiple temperature samplings within the enclosed space of a building, power measurement calibration can be performed to obtain reliable rated power values ​​for the heating equipment, providing an accurate benchmark for calculating heat consumption parameters in subsequent stages. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the calibration process may include, but is not limited to, steps 510 to 550.

[0069] Step 510: Based on a standard power source with preset accuracy, select multiple feature points within the target rated power range of the equipment for calibration, and generate a power correction coefficient matrix based on the calibration results;

[0070] Step 520: Collect the real-time operating voltage and current of the heating equipment;

[0071] Step 530: Filter the collected operating voltage and operating current to obtain the processed voltage and current;

[0072] Step 540: Calculate the initial rated power of the heating equipment based on the processed voltage and current;

[0073] Step 550: Optimize the initial rated power according to the power correction coefficient matrix to obtain the optimized rated power.

[0074] In a feasible embodiment, in step 510, a standard power source with a preset accuracy (accuracy ±0.1%) can be used to select five feature points within the 20% to 100% rated power range of the heating equipment for calibration. The calibration process can establish a correlation between the actual output power of the equipment and the detection parameters, and generate a power correction coefficient matrix based on this correlation.

[0075] In a feasible embodiment, step 520 can employ a combination of an ACS712 current sensor chip (range 5A) and a voltage divider circuit to collect the operating current and operating voltage values ​​of the heating equipment in real time during operation.

[0076] In a feasible embodiment, in step 530, the collected raw current and voltage data are substituted into the moving average filtering algorithm (window size 50ms) for processing. At the same time, each set of sampled data is collected three times. After removing outliers other than 3σ, the arithmetic mean is taken, which can effectively filter out high-frequency interference noise in the data, making the output voltage and current data more stable and ensuring that the measurement error of rated power is ≤0.5%.

[0077] In a feasible embodiment, in step 540, based on the basic principle of circuit power calculation, the filtered voltage and current values ​​are substituted into the formula P = UI·cosφ to calculate the instantaneous power in real time (φ is the phase difference between voltage and current). The sampling frequency is 1kHz to ensure dynamic response characteristics, thereby obtaining the initial rated power of the heating equipment. This power value is the basic calculation result without error correction.

[0078] In a feasible embodiment, in step 550, the obtained initial rated power is substituted into the power correction coefficient matrix, and the initial rated power is corrected for error through matrix operations, resulting in a more accurate rated power. The optimized rated power ensures the accuracy of heat consumption parameter calculations in subsequent stages, thereby improving the calculation accuracy of the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope.

[0079] In one feasible embodiment, after obtaining the equivalent heat transfer coefficient, the building's equivalent heat transfer area, and the temperature difference between the building's interior and exterior, the heat conduction formula Q, extended from Fourier's heat transfer law, can be used. 热量 =K 传热系数 ×S 散热面积 ×ΔT 温差 The dynamic thermal response characteristics of the building are calculated, where K传热系数 S is the equivalent heat transfer coefficient. 散热面积 ΔT is the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building. 温差 The temperature difference between the interior and exterior of a building is a real-time temperature difference that can be dynamically correlated with data collected by real-time temperature sensors, thereby enabling a physical-level simulation of the heat conduction process.

[0080] The calculation process of the equivalent parameters will be explained below with a specific example.

[0081] In this embodiment, the heating equipment can be started within a closed building space based on the optimized rated power, performing dynamic sampling of three stages of heating and stepped cooling. The specific process includes: Heating stage: The equipment operates at 100% rated power, sequentially heating to three characteristic points: initial temperature +5℃, +10℃, and +15℃. Each point is held at a constant temperature for 30 minutes, continuously collecting real-time temperature and power data, which are then integrated to obtain heating sampling data. Cooling stage: The equipment switches to 10% rated power, continuously collecting data on the entire process of temperature drop from the peak to the initial temperature, obtaining cooling sampling data. Subsequently, the heating output power is extracted from the heating sampling data, and the cooling output power is extracted from the cooling sampling data. Specifically, the difference between the heating output power and the cooling output power within the same temperature rise range is calculated to obtain the net heat consumption corresponding to that temperature rise; then, this net heat consumption is divided by the corresponding temperature rise value (e.g., 5℃) to obtain the heat consumption per unit temperature (the heat power required for a 1℃ change in space temperature).

[0082] In one embodiment, dividing the heat consumption per unit temperature by the standard heat load density yields the virtual building base area that matches the actual heat demand. The calculation process is shown in equation (1):

[0083]

[0084] Among them, S M,set P represents the area of ​​the base. nom Rated power of heating equipment (unit: kW); δ set The standard heat load density can be determined with reference to GB50736-2012 "Code for Design of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning of Civil Buildings", and is set at 0.12 kW / m³. 2 .

[0085] In one embodiment, based on a preset aspect ratio Q of the bottom area s,set The equivalent base area is decomposed into length and width, and then the equivalent base perimeter L is calculated. P,r .like but

[0086] In one embodiment, the equivalent bottom perimeter L is... P,r With preset floor height HCH,set Multiplying these yields the total facade area of ​​the virtual building. Then, the equivalent total facade area is calculated as a percentage of the enclosing structure area. Multiplying them together, we can obtain the area S of the building envelope. M,LSA (i.e., the building's equivalent heat transfer area), the calculation process is shown in equation (2):

[0087]

[0088] In one embodiment, the equivalent heat transfer coefficient K can be obtained by dividing the heat power consumption P per unit temperature by the building's equivalent heat transfer area. M,set The calculation process is shown in equation (3):

[0089]

[0090] In one embodiment, by combining the equivalent heat transfer coefficient, the building's equivalent heat transfer area, and the real-time temperature difference between the building's interior and exterior, the building's dynamic thermal response characteristic Q can be calculated using an extended formula of Fourier's heat transfer law. The calculation process is shown in equation (4).

[0091] Q = K M,set ×S M,LSA ×ΔT 温差 (4)

[0092] In one feasible embodiment, the percentage of the building envelope area in the standardized geometric spatial parameters can be calibrated. This process can be accomplished through building facade scanning, specifically by using an infrared rangefinder to collect the actual area of ​​the building envelope (walls, windows) in each orientation, and calculating the actual area S. m，实际 With theoretical area S m，理论 The ratio, where, When the ratio deviation is greater than 0.02, the correction of the percentage constant k of the enclosure structure area is initiated, and the correction formula is as follows: Simultaneously, an environmental interference compensation mechanism is set up to cope with dynamic factors such as wind speed and solar radiation intensity: a wind speed sensor (range 0-10m / s) is installed outside the equipment. When the detected wind speed is greater than 3m / s, an application of 0.5% / m·s is applied to the heat transfer coefficient. -1 The correction factor is set; the solar radiation intensity is monitored by a photoresistor module, and a 1.2-fold correction factor is automatically activated during the noon period (12:00-14:00) to compensate for the influence of solar radiation heat gain on the heat transfer coefficient calculation results.

[0093] In one feasible embodiment, after obtaining the building thermal response characteristics, the output power of the heating equipment can be adjusted according to the building thermal response characteristics to adapt to the heat transfer characteristics of different building envelopes and the real-time indoor and outdoor temperature difference, so as to achieve dynamic and precise control of heating power, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the heating system while ensuring indoor heating comfort.

[0094] See Figure 6 This application also provides a building thermal condition equivalent simulation device, which can be applied to the aforementioned building thermal condition equivalent simulation method. Its structural components include:

[0095] Parameter processing module 610 is used to set standardized geometric space parameters;

[0096] The temperature sampling module 620 is used to sample the temperature in the enclosed space of a building based on the rated power of the building heating equipment, and obtain heating sampling data and cooling sampling data.

[0097] The power consumption calculation module 630 is used to calculate the thermal power consumption based on the heating sampling data and the cooling sampling data.

[0098] The coefficient calculation module 640 is used to determine the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​a building based on heat power consumption and standardized geometric space parameters; and to calculate the equivalent heat transfer coefficient based on heat power consumption and the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building.

[0099] The feature generation module 650 is used to obtain the building thermal response characteristics based on the equivalent heat transfer coefficient, the building's equivalent heat transfer area, and the temperature difference between the building's indoor and outdoor areas.

[0100] It should be noted that the functions of each module in the equivalent simulation device and their corresponding processing logic are the same as those in the aforementioned embodiments. For details, please refer to the relevant content of the aforementioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0101] It should be understood that this application applies to the field of residential heating equipment, including intelligent power control of oil-filled radiators, convection heaters, and skirting board heating devices; commercial small heating systems, covering heat load calculation for independent heating units in offices, constant temperature heating equipment in shops, and zoned heating devices in hotel rooms; the field of building energy efficiency assessment, used for detecting the heat transfer coefficient of building envelopes and analyzing building heat loss rates; and system optimization scenarios, providing basic data support for air conditioning unit load prediction and fresh air system heat exchange efficiency assessment. It can be extended to special housing types such as lofts, duplexes, and villas through parameter adaptation; centralized temperature control of large public building spaces; commercial office properties; constant temperature workshop temperature control in high-tech enterprises; and cross-climate zone applications from extremely cold regions (-20℃) to hot-summer and warm-winter regions (5℃).

[0102] It should be noted that this application possesses excellent building structure self-adaptation capabilities. It eliminates the need for manual input of floor plans or insulation material parameters, automatically adapting to the characteristics of different building envelopes simply by combining a percentage constant of the building envelope area (currently set to 0.4) with N (N≥1, now set to N=3) temperature rise and fall sampling cycles. Actual testing shows that it maintains stable calculation accuracy in scenarios involving 60-150 square meter units and both new and old buildings (with a 2-fold difference in heat transfer coefficient), effectively solving the problem of drastically increased error rates when traditional solutions are applied across different scenarios. Furthermore, the use of averaging the full-cycle sampling data from "heating-cooling" effectively offsets the nonlinear errors caused by the thermal inertia of the building envelope, keeping the deviation between the calculated values ​​and the measured values ​​from the heat flow meter within 5%, a 3-fold improvement in accuracy compared to traditional solutions (error > 15%). Meanwhile, the output core parameters such as dynamic heat transfer coefficient and real-time temperature difference coupling curve can be directly used as input to AI control algorithms (such as PID power compensation and fuzzy control rule training), eliminating the need for secondary modeling in traditional solutions and avoiding data distortion caused by secondary modeling. This not only shortens the development cycle of subsequent constant temperature control algorithms by 40%, but also improves the temperature fluctuation control accuracy to ±0.5℃.

[0103] This application also discloses an electronic device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the building thermal condition equivalent simulation method described above.

[0104] This application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a processor-executable program, which, when executed by a processor, is used to perform the building thermal condition equivalent simulation method described above.

[0105] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for equivalent simulation of building thermal conditions, characterized in that, include: Set standardized geometric space parameters; Based on the rated power of the building heating equipment, temperature samples are taken in the enclosed space of the building to obtain heating and cooling sampling data. The heat dissipation is calculated based on the heating sampling data and the cooling sampling data. The equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building is determined based on the heat dissipation and the standardized geometric spatial parameters. The equivalent heat transfer coefficient is calculated based on the heat consumption and the building's equivalent heat transfer area. The building thermal response characteristics are obtained based on the equivalent heat transfer coefficient, the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building, and the temperature difference between the indoor and outdoor areas of the building.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method involves sampling temperature within the enclosed space of a building based on the rated power of the building's heating equipment to obtain both heating rise and cooling temperature sampling data, including: During the continuous operation of the heating equipment at rated power, the ambient temperature of the enclosed building space is raised from the initial temperature to the first characteristic temperature point, and the constant temperature operation is maintained for a preset time. Real-time ambient temperature and corresponding power data are continuously collected to obtain the first characteristic temperature rise data. The temperature is raised from the first characteristic temperature point to the second characteristic temperature point, and the constant temperature operation is maintained for a preset time. Real-time ambient temperature and corresponding power data are continuously collected to obtain the second characteristic temperature rise data. The temperature is raised from the second characteristic temperature point to the third characteristic temperature point, and the constant temperature operation is maintained for a preset time. Real-time ambient temperature and corresponding power data are continuously collected to obtain the third characteristic temperature rise data. Based on the first characteristic heating data, the second characteristic heating data, and the third characteristic heating data, heating sampling data is obtained; The operating power of the heating equipment is switched to a preset ratio of the rated power, and temperature and power data are continuously collected throughout the entire process of the temperature in the enclosed building space falling from the third characteristic temperature point back to the initial temperature to obtain cooling sampling data.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation of heat dissipation based on the heating sampling data and the cooling sampling data includes: Extract the heating output power from the heating sampling data, and extract the cooling output power from the cooling sampling data; The difference between the heating output power and the cooling output power is calculated to obtain the thermal power consumption.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The standardized geometric spatial parameters include preset floor height, percentage of enclosure area, aspect ratio of bottom area, and standard heat load density. Determining the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​a building based on the heat dissipation and the standardized geometric spatial parameters includes: Based on the heat dissipation and corresponding temperature rise parameters, the heat power of a 1-degree Celsius change in space temperature is calculated; The equivalent base area is obtained by dividing the heat power of a 1-degree Celsius temperature change in the space by the standard heat load density. The equivalent bottom perimeter is calculated based on the equivalent bottom area and the aspect ratio of the bottom area. The total area of ​​the equivalent facade is calculated based on the equivalent bottom perimeter and the preset floor height. The area of ​​the building envelope is obtained based on the percentage of the total area of ​​the equivalent facade and the area of ​​the building envelope, and the area of ​​the building envelope is used as the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The calculation of the equivalent heat transfer coefficient based on the heat consumption and the building's equivalent heat transfer area includes: The equivalent heat transfer coefficient is obtained by dividing the heat power of a 1-degree Celsius temperature change in the space by the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Prior to temperature sampling within the enclosed space of the building, the method further includes: Based on a standard power source with preset accuracy, multiple feature points are selected within the target rated power range of the equipment for calibration, and a power correction coefficient matrix is ​​generated based on the calibration results. Collect real-time operating voltage and current of heating equipment; The collected operating voltage and current are filtered to obtain the processed voltage and current. The initial rated power of the heating equipment is calculated based on the processed voltage and current. The initial rated power is optimized based on the power correction coefficient matrix to obtain the optimized rated power.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the building thermal response characteristics, the method further includes: adjusting the output power of the heating equipment according to the building thermal response characteristics.

8. A building thermal condition equivalent simulation device, characterized in that, include: The parameter processing module is used to set standardized geometric space parameters; The temperature sampling module is used to sample the temperature in the enclosed space of a building based on the rated power of the building heating equipment, and to obtain heating sampling data and cooling sampling data. A power consumption calculation module is used to calculate thermal power consumption based on the heating sampling data and the cooling sampling data. The coefficient calculation module is used to determine the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building based on the heat power consumption and the standardized geometric space parameters; and to calculate the equivalent heat transfer coefficient based on the heat power consumption and the equivalent heat transfer area of ​​the building. The feature generation module is used to obtain the building thermal response characteristics based on the equivalent heat transfer coefficient, the building equivalent heat transfer area, and the temperature difference between the building's interior and exterior.

9. An electronic device, wherein, The electronic device includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the building thermal condition equivalent simulation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a processor-executable program, characterized in that, The program executable by the processor is used, when executed by the processor, to perform the building thermal condition equivalent simulation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images