A data center multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of data center multiple heat recovery air conditioning systems, it is related to data center energy saving technical field.The system includes liquid cooling circulation pipeline, solar heat collection subsystem, adsorption refrigeration subsystem, buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem, heat pump heating subsystem, air handling terminal and control system.Liquid cooling circulation pipeline absorbs IT equipment waste heat, solar heat collection subsystem improves waste heat grade to meet the driving temperature requirement of adsorption refrigeration subsystem.The application deeply couples solar heat collection, adsorption refrigeration, buried pipe cross-seasonal heat storage, heat pump heating and waste heat direct utilization technology, solves the problem of liquid cooling data center waste heat grade matching, seasonal imbalance and low annual utilization rate, realizes the efficient, annual, high-proportion recycling and utilization of data center waste heat, significantly improves energy utilization efficiency, reduces PUE and operating cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of data center cooling and energy-saving technology, and more specifically, relates to a multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system for data centers. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology, data centers have become a crucial infrastructure supporting the operation of modern society. However, their high energy consumption is becoming increasingly prominent. Statistics show that almost all the electrical energy consumed by data center IT equipment is ultimately converted into waste heat, accounting for approximately 97% of the total power consumption. Traditional data center cooling systems, such as those using cooling towers, simply release this low-grade waste heat, typically below 60°C, into the atmosphere. This not only causes enormous energy waste but also results in persistently high energy efficiency indicators for data centers.

[0003] To recover and utilize this waste heat, existing technologies have proposed several solutions. For example, some solutions use heat pumps to extract waste heat from data centers for heating surrounding buildings in winter, but the waste heat recovery rate is extremely low or zero during the non-heating season. Some solutions attempt to use waste heat to drive adsorption chillers in summer, but the waste heat quality of traditional air-cooled data centers is low, making it difficult to directly meet the high driving heat source temperature required by conventional adsorption chillers, requiring additional heat sources for temperature increase, resulting in poor economic efficiency. Another solution, adsorption chiller + winter heat pump, improves utilization during certain periods, but a large amount of excess heat in summer is still dissipated, and it does not solve the problem of the mismatch between data center heat generation and external heat demand in time—that is, high heat generation and low demand in summer, and high demand in winter, but traditional systems have no heat to extract. While traditional ground source heat pump systems can store energy across seasons, they are not deeply integrated with the characteristics of data center waste heat, nor do they fully consider the challenge of data center waste heat utilization during the non-heating season.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies are insufficient to achieve efficient and high-proportion year-round recovery and utilization of the large amount of stable, low-to-medium grade waste heat generated by data centers, especially next-generation liquid-cooled data centers. They suffer from drawbacks such as short recovery periods, low energy efficiency, seasonal mismatch, and low coupling with the grade of liquid-cooled waste heat. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a data center multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system to solve the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system for data centers, characterized in that it includes a liquid-cooled circulation pipeline, a solar thermal collector subsystem, an adsorption refrigeration subsystem, a buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem, a heat pump heating subsystem, an air handling terminal module, and a control system.

[0007] The liquid cooling circulation pipeline is used to circulate coolant to absorb the waste heat generated by the IT equipment in the data center.

[0008] The solar thermal collector subsystem is thermally coupled to the liquid cooling circulation pipeline and is used to receive and increase the temperature of the coolant in the liquid cooling circulation pipeline.

[0009] The adsorption refrigeration subsystem is connected to the outlet of the solar collector subsystem, and is used to utilize the high-temperature coolant from the solar collector subsystem as a driving heat source to generate chilled water.

[0010] The buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem is connected to the liquid cooling circulation pipeline through the first pipeline, and is used to exchange heat with the soil medium to realize the storage and extraction of heat.

[0011] The heat pump heating subsystem is connected to the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem to extract and enhance heat from the soil or other heat sources.

[0012] The air handling terminal module is connected to the chilled water outlet of the adsorption refrigeration subsystem and the high-temperature heat source side of the heat pump heating subsystem, and is used to regulate the temperature and humidity of the internal space of the data center.

[0013] The control system is used to control the coordinated and switching operation between the solar thermal collection subsystem, the adsorption refrigeration subsystem, the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem, and the heat pump heating subsystem.

[0014] Furthermore, the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem is also connected to the drive heat source outlet pipe of the adsorption refrigeration subsystem in the liquid cooling circulation pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a cooling tower subsystem, which is connected to the liquid cooling circulation pipeline via a second pipeline.

[0016] Furthermore, the low-temperature heat source side of the heat pump heating subsystem is also connected to the return air channel of the air handling terminal through a third pipeline to recover heat from the return air of the data center.

[0017] Furthermore, the system also includes an electric chiller connected to the air handling unit for supplemental cooling when the adsorption refrigeration subsystem is insufficient.

[0018] Furthermore, the solar thermal collector subsystem is configured to raise the temperature of the coolant from the liquid-cooled data center, which is at a temperature of 50-60°C, to a temperature range of 55-90°C.

[0019] Furthermore, the adsorption refrigeration subsystem is configured to generate chilled water at 18.8-22.4°C at a driving heat source temperature of 55-90°C.

[0020] Furthermore, the control system is configured to switch between at least two operating states in response to the outdoor ambient temperature: a first operating state (cooling season mode), in which the solar thermal collector subsystem and the adsorption refrigeration subsystem are activated, and the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem is connected to the liquid-cooled circulation pipeline to store heat; a second operating state (transition season mode), in which the solar thermal collector subsystem and the adsorption refrigeration subsystem are activated, and the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem is in an inactive state; and a third operating state (heating season mode), in which the heat pump heating subsystem is activated, the high-temperature coolant in the liquid-cooled circulation pipeline is used for direct heating, and the heat pump heating subsystem extracts heat from the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem.

[0021] Furthermore, the control system includes a valve group for switching the connection states of the first pipeline, the second pipeline, and the third pipeline, and the valve group is installed on the first pipeline, the second pipeline, and the third pipeline.

[0022] Furthermore, the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem includes multiple U-shaped tube heat exchangers vertically buried underground.

[0023] This invention provides a multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system for data centers, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. High-efficiency heat recovery throughout the year: By integrating a variety of technologies such as solar thermal collection, adsorption cooling, underground pipe cross-seasonal energy storage, and heat pump heating, it covers the heat generation and external demand changes of the data center throughout the year, realizing seamless switching and efficient heat utilization in summer, transition season and winter, increasing the comprehensive utilization rate of waste heat throughout the year to more than 56%, and reaching 100% in the heating season.

[0024] 2. Perfect Match: For the medium-temperature waste heat of 50-60℃ generated by liquid-cooled data centers, a solar collector is innovatively introduced to assist in raising the temperature, so that it can stably reach the optimal driving temperature range of adsorption chiller (55-90℃). This solves the temperature matching problem between liquid-cooled waste heat and adsorption chiller heat source, and realizes the engineering and efficient application of heat-cooling.

[0025] 3. Cross-seasonal energy storage and balancing: Through the underground pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem, the excess heat of the data center in summer and transitional seasons is stored in the soil and extracted in winter as a low-temperature heat source for the heat pump. This solves the problem of the time mismatch between the heat generation of the data center and the heat consumption of the building, realizes the use of energy in summer and winter, and significantly improves the overall energy utilization rate and economy of the system.

[0026] 4. High energy efficiency and economy: Adsorption refrigeration uses waste heat to replace most of the high-grade electrical energy used for refrigeration, and the energy efficiency of the chiller unit can reach 60%. The entire system achieves a system energy efficiency of more than 11.2% compared with a system without heat recovery through energy cascade utilization and synergistic optimization. The investment payback period is short and the economic benefits are significant. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the cooling season operation mode of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the transitional season mode of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the heating season mode operation of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system for data centers, including a liquid-cooled circulation pipeline, a cooling tower subsystem, a solar thermal collection subsystem, an adsorption refrigeration subsystem, a buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem, a heat pump heating subsystem, an air handling terminal module, and a control system.

[0032] The liquid-cooled circulation piping is used to circulate coolant to absorb waste heat generated by IT equipment in the data center. The solar thermal collector subsystem, thermally coupled to the liquid-cooled circulation piping, is used to receive and raise the temperature of the coolant in the liquid-cooled circulation piping.

[0033] The solar thermal collector subsystem, thermally coupled to the liquid cooling circulation pipeline, is used to receive and raise the temperature of the coolant in the liquid cooling circulation pipeline. The solar thermal collector subsystem is configured to raise the temperature of the coolant from the liquid-cooled data center, which is 50-60°C, to a temperature range of 55-90°C.

[0034] The cooling tower subsystem is connected to the liquid cooling circulation pipeline via a second pipeline.

[0035] The adsorption refrigeration subsystem's driving heat source inlet is connected to the outlet of the solar collector subsystem, using the high-temperature coolant from the solar collector subsystem as the driving heat source to produce chilled water. The adsorption refrigeration subsystem is configured to produce chilled water at 18.8-22.4°C at a driving heat source temperature of 55-90°C.

[0036] The buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem includes multiple U-tube heat exchangers vertically buried underground. This subsystem is connected to the liquid-cooled circulation pipeline via a first pipeline for heat exchange with the soil medium, enabling heat storage and extraction. The subsystem is also connected to the drive heat source outlet pipeline of the adsorption refrigeration subsystem within the liquid-cooled circulation pipeline. The buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem includes multiple U-tube heat exchangers vertically buried underground.

[0037] The heat pump heating subsystem is connected to the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem to extract and enhance heat from the soil or other heat sources. The low-temperature heat source side of the heat pump heating subsystem is also connected to the return air duct of the air handling terminal via a third pipeline to recover heat from the data center return air.

[0038] The air handling terminal module is connected to the chilled water outlet of the adsorption refrigeration subsystem and the high-temperature heat source side of the heat pump heating subsystem to regulate the temperature and humidity inside the data center.

[0039] The control system is used to control the coordinated and switching operation between the solar thermal collector subsystem, the adsorption refrigeration subsystem, the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem, and the heat pump heating subsystem. The control system is configured to switch between at least two operating states in response to the outdoor ambient temperature: a first operating state (cooling season mode), in which the solar thermal collector subsystem and the adsorption refrigeration subsystem are activated, and the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem is connected to the liquid-cooled circulation pipeline to store heat; a second operating state (transition season mode), in which the solar thermal collector subsystem and the adsorption refrigeration subsystem are activated, and the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem is inactive; and a third operating state (heating season mode), in which the heat pump heating subsystem is activated, the high-temperature coolant in the liquid-cooled circulation pipeline is used for direct heating, and the heat pump heating subsystem extracts heat from the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem.

[0040] The control system also includes a valve group for switching the connection states of the first pipeline, the second pipeline, and the third pipeline, the valve group being installed on the first pipeline, the second pipeline, and the third pipeline.

[0041] The specific usage and function of this embodiment: This system is an intelligent energy management system designed for liquid-cooled data centers. Its core objective is to recover and utilize the low-to-medium grade waste heat (50-60℃) generated during data center operation, which would otherwise be discarded, in a high proportion throughout the year. Through organic integration and collaboration, each subsystem undertakes four major functions: heat source acquisition and quality improvement, energy conversion and utilization, cross-seasonal energy storage and allocation, and intelligent control and switching, together forming a highly efficient energy circulation network.

[0042] Specifically, the liquid-cooled circulation pipeline, as the primary heat source of the entire system, directly and efficiently collects waste heat generated by IT equipment, providing a stable and reliable heat source for subsequent recycling. The solar thermal collector subsystem plays a crucial role as a heat source quality enhancer. Its principle is to use solar energy to assist in heating the liquid-cooled waste heat, precisely raising the temperature to 55-90℃. This aims to solve the core problem of the mismatch between the quality of liquid-cooled waste heat and the heat source temperature required by downstream adsorption refrigeration technology, creating the necessary conditions for efficient heat-based cooling.

[0043] In the energy conversion stage, the adsorption refrigeration subsystem is the core of the system's energy conversion in summer. Its principle is to use a heat-driven adsorption and desorption cycle to directly utilize the waste heat from the data center after it has been heated to produce chilled water at 18.8-22.4℃. This achieves waste heat exchange for cooling capacity during the cooling season, significantly replacing traditional high-energy-consuming electric refrigeration. The heat pump heating subsystem is the core of the system's energy conversion and quality enhancement in winter. Its function is to extract heat from low-grade heat sources (such as soil and server room return air) by consuming a small amount of electricity during the heating season and raise it to a heating temperature of 50-65℃. This is based on the reverse Carnot cycle, thus achieving efficient and high-value utilization of low-grade waste heat.

[0044] To address the seasonal imbalance between heat production and demand, the underground pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem serves as a hub for cross-seasonal energy storage and allocation. Its working principle utilizes a large volume of soil as the heat storage medium. In summer, excess heat is stored underground through vertical U-shaped pipes; in winter, the stored heat is extracted and used as a low-temperature heat source for the heat pump. This mechanism, which utilizes heat in summer and heat in winter, effectively balances energy supply and demand throughout the year.

[0045] To ensure the stable, efficient, and adaptive operation of the aforementioned complex system, the control system, acting as the system's intelligent brain and dispatch center, operates on the principle of automatically making decisions based on sensor signals such as outdoor ambient temperature, through preset algorithms, and driving valve groups to switch pipeline connections, controlling the start and stop of various devices. This allows for seamless switching between three core operating states: cooling season mode, transitional season mode, and heating season mode. These three modes correspond to operating strategies such as adsorption refrigeration and inter-seasonal heat storage, adsorption refrigeration and natural cooling, and direct heating combined with inter-seasonal heat extraction and heat pump boosting, ultimately achieving intelligent and maximized utilization of waste heat from the data center.

[0046] Example of operating mode description: Example 1: Cooling Season Pattern (Mid-May to End of September) like Figure 2 As shown, the system consists of: liquid-cooled terminals (for cooling IT equipment, outputting 50-60℃ coolant), solar collectors (receiving coolant from the liquid-cooled terminals and raising the temperature to 56-61℃), adsorption chillers (silica gel-water working fluid pair for cooling with heat), plate heat exchanger 1 (heat and mass distribution center), buried pipe heat exchanger (heat storage mode, storing 18% of waste heat), cooling tower (exhausting heat to the atmosphere, 58-64℃ heat), air-cooled terminals (precision air conditioning, outputting 18.8-22.4℃ chilled water), electric chillers (supplementing cooling capacity), and a control system (including valve groups V1-V5).

[0047] Operation process: (1) Heat source collection and quality improvement: The waste heat generated by the IT equipment raises the temperature of the liquid cooling terminal coolant to 50-60℃, and enters the solar collector through valve V1; the solar collector absorbs solar radiation energy and raises the temperature of the coolant to 56-61℃.

[0048] (2) Energy conversion (heating and cooling): The heated coolant enters the generator of the adsorption chiller through valve V2, driving the silica gel-water working medium to complete the "adsorption-desorption" cycle and produce chilled water at 18.8-22.4℃; the chilled water enters the air-cooled terminal through valve V3 to provide cooling for the data center computer room.

[0049] (3) Waste heat distribution and energy storage: The waste heat coolant (about 44-49℃) discharged from the adsorption chiller is divided into two paths through valve V4: one path enters the buried pipe heat exchanger (heat storage mode) through plate heat exchanger 1, storing 18% of the waste heat in the underground soil; the other path enters the cooling tower through plate heat exchanger 1, discharging the heat of 58-64℃ to the atmosphere.

[0050] (4) Auxiliary cooling: When the cooling capacity of the adsorption chiller is insufficient, the electric chiller is started to replenish chilled water to the air-cooled terminal (the dashed arrow indicates the replenishment path).

[0051] Key parameters: (1) Waste heat utilization rate: 36-42% (including 18% for underground pipe heat storage); (2) Adsorption refrigeration COP: 0.285-0.477; (3) Monthly power consumption of the system: 600,000-650,000 kWh (maximum throughout the year); (4) Underground pipe heat storage: 6.48 million kWh / year (accounting for 7%); (5) Cooling tower: Continuously operating (mainly for heat dissipation); (6) Buried pipe status: heat storage mode (summer heat charging); (7) Heat pump status: Off; (8) Electric chiller: to supplement operation (start when insufficient).

[0052] Example 2: Transitional Season Pattern (Mid-March to Mid-May, October to Mid-November) like Figure 3 As shown, the system consists of: liquid-cooled terminals (outputting 50-60℃ coolant), solar collectors (raising the temperature to 56-61℃), adsorption chillers (partially operational), plate heat exchangers 2 (direct heat exchange), buried pipe heat exchangers (standby mode, soil restoration), cooling towers (partially operational), air-cooled terminals (providing cooling for the computer room), electric chillers (backup), and a control system (including valve groups V6-V9).

[0053] Operation process: (1) Mode selection: The controller monitors the outdoor wet-bulb temperature in real time and prioritizes the start of the free cooling mode: the liquid cooling terminal coolant (50-60℃) enters the air cooling terminal directly through valve V6, and uses the outdoor low temperature air to naturally cool the machine room (if the outdoor temperature is low enough).

[0054] (2) Adsorption refrigeration supplement: When free cooling cannot meet the cooling demand, the solar collector is started to raise the temperature of the liquid cooling terminal coolant to 56-61℃, and enters the adsorption chiller (partial operation) through valve V7, producing chilled water to supplement the air-cooled terminal.

[0055] (3) Waste heat discharge and soil restoration: The waste heat discharged by the adsorption chiller enters the plate heat exchanger 2 through valve V8 (direct heat exchange, no power consumption), or is directly discharged through the cooling tower (partial operation); the buried pipe heat exchanger is in standby mode, and the soil naturally restores its temperature during the transition season (to balance the temperature rise after summer heat storage).

[0056] (4) Electric cooling supplement: If the above methods are insufficient, the electric chiller is started to directly supply cooling to the air-cooled terminal (last resort).

[0057] Key parameters: (1) Waste heat utilization rate in March / November: 65%; Waste heat utilization rate in April / October: 26%; (2) Status of buried pipe: Standby (soil recovery); (3) Equipment priority: free cooling mode > adsorption refrigeration mode > electric refrigeration supplementary cooling.

[0058] Example 3: Heating Season Mode (Mid-November to Mid-March of the Following Year) like Figure 4 As shown, the system consists of: liquid-cooled terminals (for IT equipment heat dissipation, outputting 50-60℃ coolant), plate heat exchanger 2 (direct heat exchange), buried pipe heat exchanger (heat extraction mode, extracting summer heat storage), water source heat pump (raising temperature to 50-65℃), air-cooled terminals (return air waste heat recovery, 25-35℃ return air), air source heat pump, district heat users (building heating / domestic hot water, supply water 50-65℃, return water 40-50℃), and control system (including valve groups V10-V14).

[0059] Operation process: (1) Direct heating (heat source 1): The liquid cooling terminal coolant (50-60℃) enters the plate heat exchanger 2 through valve V10 to directly supply heat to regional heat users (accounting for 53%), or recovers the return air waste heat (25-35℃) through the air-cooled terminal to assist in heating.

[0060] (2) Buried pipe heat extraction + heat pump boost (heat source 2): The buried pipe heat exchanger switches to heat extraction mode to extract 6.48 million kWh of waste heat (soil heat storage body) stored in summer, and enters the water source heat pump through valve V11; the water source heat pump raises the low temperature heat energy of 15-17℃ to 50-65℃ to provide heat for regional heat users (accounting for 20%).

[0061] (3) Air-cooled terminal + air source heat pump (heat source 3): The air-cooled terminal recovers the waste heat of the return air in the machine room (25-35℃), and enters the air source heat pump through valve V12; the air source heat pump raises the heat energy to 50-65℃ to provide heating for regional heat users (accounting for 27%).

[0062] (4) Equipment to be shut down in winter: all adsorption chillers, cooling towers and electric chillers should be shut down to avoid reverse heat dissipation.

[0063] Key parameters: (1) Waste heat utilization rate: 100% (including 6.48 million kWh / year of underground pipe heat extraction, and cross-seasonal energy storage for "summer heat and winter use"); (2) System power consumption: 250,000-300,000 kWh / month (minimum); (3) Heat source ratio: direct heating 53%, buried pipe + heat pump 20%, air-cooled + air source heat pump 27%.

[0064] The three embodiments of this system correspond to the three main climatic periods of data center operation throughout the year: the cooling season, the transitional season, and the heating season. Its core lies in the intelligent decision-making of the control system, automatically switching pipeline valves and starting / stopping corresponding equipment, thereby achieving complete and efficient process management of data center waste heat from collection, quality enhancement, energy form conversion, cross-seasonal storage to final reuse.

[0065] Specifically: (1) Cooling Season Example: The operation strategy in this stage focuses on combining heat cooling with cross-seasonal heat storage. The system uses solar energy to raise the temperature of the waste heat from the liquid cooling in the data center, driving the adsorption chiller to produce chilled water to cool the data center itself, thereby converting waste heat into useful cooling capacity. At the same time, the excess heat generated in summer that cannot be used for cooling immediately is stored in the underground soil through buried pipe heat exchangers to prepare for use in winter.

[0066] (2) Transitional Season Implementation: The operational strategy during this phase prioritizes maximizing natural cooling, supplemented by adsorption cooling. When the outdoor temperature is suitable, the system prioritizes using low-temperature outdoor air for natural cooling of the data center to minimize mechanical cooling energy consumption. When natural cooling capacity is insufficient, a heat-cooling mode is activated, utilizing waste heat to drive the adsorption chiller for supplemental cooling. During this phase, the underground pipe system is typically in standby or heat recovery mode.

[0067] (3) Heating Season Implementation Example: The operation strategy in this stage focuses on combining direct heating with the extraction of cross-seasonal energy storage, and using heat pumps to raise the temperature. The system directly uses the high-temperature coolant generated by the data center for district heating. At the same time, the heat pump system is started to extract the soil heat stored in the underground pipes during the summer and recover the waste heat in the return air of the data center, raising these low-grade heat sources to a temperature suitable for heating before outputting them. In this mode, the waste heat generated by the data center can be completely recovered.

[0068] Through the aforementioned seasonally optimized operation mode, the system achieves a significant increase in waste heat utilization throughout the year, reaching up to 100% recovery during the heating season. Simultaneously, the system's total power consumption is dynamically optimized with the seasons. During the heating season, when heat pumps and direct heat exchange are the primary methods, power consumption is lowest (approximately 250,000-300,000 kWh / month); during the cooling season, due to the need to operate adsorption chillers and potentially activate supplemental electric chillers, power consumption reaches its peak (approximately 600,000-650,000 kWh / month).

[0069] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system for a data center, characterized in that, It includes liquid-cooled circulation pipelines, solar thermal collection subsystems, adsorption refrigeration subsystems, buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystems, heat pump heating subsystems, air handling terminal modules and control systems; The liquid cooling circulation pipeline is used to circulate coolant to absorb the waste heat generated by the data center IT equipment; The solar thermal collector subsystem is thermally coupled to the liquid cooling circulation pipeline and is used to receive and raise the temperature of the coolant in the liquid cooling circulation pipeline. The adsorption refrigeration subsystem is connected to the solar thermal collector subsystem and is used to utilize the high-temperature coolant from the solar thermal collector subsystem as a driving heat source to generate chilled water. The buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem is connected to the liquid cooling circulation pipeline through the first pipeline, and is used to exchange heat with the soil medium to realize the storage and extraction of heat. The heat pump heating subsystem is connected to the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem to extract and enhance heat from the soil or other heat sources. The air handling terminal module is connected to the chilled water outlet of the adsorption refrigeration subsystem and the high-temperature heat source side of the heat pump heating subsystem, and is used to regulate the temperature and humidity of the internal space of the data center. The control system is used to control the coordinated and switching operation between the solar thermal collection subsystem, the adsorption refrigeration subsystem, the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem, and the heat pump heating subsystem.

2. The data center multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem is also connected to the drive heat source outlet pipe of the adsorption refrigeration subsystem in the liquid cooling circulation pipeline.

3. The data center multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cooling tower subsystem, which is connected to the liquid cooling circulation pipeline via a second pipeline.

4. The data center multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature heat source side of the heat pump heating subsystem is also connected to the return air channel of the air handling terminal through a third pipeline to recover heat from the return air of the data center.

5. A data center multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes an electric chiller connected to the air handling unit for supplemental cooling when the adsorption refrigeration subsystem is insufficient.

6. A data center multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar thermal collector subsystem is configured to raise the temperature of the coolant from the liquid-cooled data center from 50-60°C to a range of 55-90°C.

7. A data center multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption refrigeration subsystem is configured to generate chilled water at 18.8-22.4°C at a driving heat source temperature of 55-90°C.

8. A data center multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system is configured to switch between at least two operating states in response to outdoor ambient temperature: In the first operating state, the solar thermal collector subsystem and the adsorption refrigeration subsystem are activated, and the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem is connected to the liquid cooling circulation pipeline to store heat. In the second operating state, the solar thermal collector subsystem and the adsorption refrigeration subsystem are activated, while the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem is in an inactive state. In the third operating state, the heat pump heating subsystem is activated, the high-temperature coolant in the liquid-cooled circulation pipeline is used for direct heating, and the heat pump heating subsystem extracts heat from the buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem.

9. A data center multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system includes a valve group for switching the connection states of the first pipeline, the second pipeline, and the third pipeline, and the valve group is installed on the first pipeline, the second pipeline, and the third pipeline.

10. A data center multi-element heat recovery air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buried pipe heat exchange and energy storage subsystem includes multiple U-shaped tube heat exchangers vertically buried underground.

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