Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic module, which relates to the field of photovoltaic technology and is used for solving the problem of complicated insulation process in the welding process of a welding strip. The photovoltaic module comprises a battery, a first surface of the battery is provided with first electrodes and second electrodes which are alternately arranged, the first electrodes are provided with first contact parts, the second electrodes are provided with second contact parts, and the first electrodes and the second electrodes are different in conductive polarity; the insulating mask comprises an insulating bonding layer, the insulating bonding layer is bonded on the first surface, the insulating mask is provided with an opening for exposing the first contact part and the second contact part, and a non-opening area of the insulating mask at least covers an area, close to the first contact part, of the second electrode and an area, close to the second contact part, of the first electrode; the first welding strip is welded with the first contact part; and the second welding strip is welded with the second contact part. Insulation welding protection can be achieved only by pasting the insulation mask, and compared with use of existing insulation paste, the steps of printing, curing and the like are not needed, and the technology is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] Back-contact solar cells refer to cells with emitters and metal contacts on the back of the cell, with no metal electrode blocking the front. Compared with cells with blocking on the front, back-contact cells have higher short-circuit current and photoelectric conversion efficiency, and are one of the current technical directions for achieving high-efficiency crystalline silicon cells.

[0003] In a back-contact solar cell with alternating P and N regions on the back side, a first electrode is set corresponding to the P region, and a second electrode is set corresponding to the N region. When manufacturing a photovoltaic module, both the first electrode and the second electrode need to be welded to the welding ribbon. Due to the welding process, the tin material of the welding ribbon welded on one of the electrodes may overflow and overlap with the other electrode, causing a short circuit between the P and N regions of the battery.

[0004] At present, insulating glue is applied on both sides of the main grid of one electrode to cover the thin grid of another electrode that is easy to overlap, so as to prevent the thin grid from overlapping and short-circuiting during the welding process of the welding strip on the main grid. However, the use of insulating glue requires steps such as alignment, printing, and curing, which is complex in process and has high material cost. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a photovoltaic module, which simplifies the process steps while playing the role of mutual insulation between electrodes with different conductive polarities.

[0006] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module, comprising:

[0007] A battery, wherein a first electrode and a second electrode are alternately arranged on a first surface of the battery, the first electrode has a first contact portion, the second electrode has a second contact portion, and the first electrode and the second electrode have different conductive polarities;

[0008] An insulating mask, comprising an insulating adhesive layer, the insulating adhesive layer being bonded to the first surface, the insulating mask having an opening exposing the first contact portion and the second contact portion, and a non-opening area of ​​the insulating mask at least covering an area of ​​the second electrode close to the first contact portion and an area of ​​the first electrode close to the second contact portion;

[0009] A first welding strip welded to the first contact portion;

[0010] The second welding strip is welded to the second contact portion.

[0011] In the case of adopting the above technical solution, before welding the first electrode to the first welding strip and welding the second electrode to the second welding strip, the patterned insulating mask is bonded to the first surface of the battery through its own insulating adhesive layer, so that the opening on the insulating mask corresponds to the first contact portion of the first electrode and the second contact portion of the second electrode. At this time, since the insulating mask exposes the first contact portion and the second contact portion through the opening, and covers at least the area of ​​the second electrode close to the first contact portion, and covers at least the area of ​​the first electrode close to the second contact portion, it is achieved that when the first welding strip is welded to the first contact portion on the first electrode, the molten solder of the first welding strip will not be in conductive contact with the second electrode, and when the second welding strip is welded to the second contact portion on the second electrode, the molten solder of the second welding strip will not be in conductive contact with the first electrode, thereby avoiding the short circuit of the P region and the N region of the battery. In addition, the present application can achieve insulating welding protection only by pasting the insulating mask. Compared with the use of the existing insulating glue, the present application does not require printing, curing and other steps, simplifies the process, and the insulating mask can use a low-cost bondable insulating material, which can reduce costs.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the insulating mask further includes a base layer, which is stacked with the insulating adhesive layer, and the base layer is located on the side of the insulating adhesive layer away from the battery. In this way, the insulating mask is a two-layer structure, wherein the insulating mask is bonded to the battery through the insulating adhesive layer, and the structural stability of the insulating mask is improved by the base layer to ensure the accuracy of patterning. The base layer has better insulation and temperature resistance, and the base layer is not easily melted and damaged by the molten solder, thereby avoiding exposure of the covered electrode.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the side of the base layer close to the insulating adhesive layer is a release surface. With this arrangement, after the insulating mask is bonded to the battery, the base layer can be easily peeled off from the insulating adhesive layer, leaving only the insulating adhesive layer.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the volume resistivity of the insulating adhesive layer is greater than 10^9Ω·cm, thus satisfying the insulation requirements.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the thickness of the insulating adhesive layer is 3 μm to 20 μm, thus meeting the insulation requirements and structural strength requirements.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the thickness of the base layer is 1 μm to 100 μm, thus satisfying insulation requirements and structural strength requirements.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the insulating mask is a whole-surface structure, and the non-opening area of ​​the insulating mask covers the remaining area of ​​the first surface except the first contact portion and the second contact portion. In this way, the insulating mask is a whole-surface structure, and is only opened at positions corresponding to the first contact portion and the second contact portion, which makes the insulating mask easier to process and more convenient to paste.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the insulating mask includes a first insulating mask and a second insulating mask corresponding to different areas of the first surface, and the first insulating mask and the second insulating mask both include an insulating adhesive layer; the first insulating mask has a first opening exposing the first contact portion, and the non-opening area of ​​the first insulating mask at least covers the area of ​​the second electrode close to the first contact portion; the second insulating mask has a second opening exposing the second contact portion, and the non-opening area of ​​the second insulating mask at least covers the area of ​​the first electrode close to the second contact portion.

[0019] In the case of adopting the above technical solution, the first insulating mask and the second insulating mask are respectively pasted on different areas of the first surface, wherein the first insulating mask separates the first contact portion from the adjacent second electrode, thereby preventing the solder of the first welding strip from short-circuiting the second electrode; the second insulating mask separates the second contact portion from the adjacent first electrode, thereby preventing the solder of the second welding strip from short-circuiting the first electrode. By pasting the first insulating mask and the second insulating mask in a targeted manner, the pasting area of ​​the insulating mask can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. By pasting as little area as possible, the generation of defects such as bubbles between the insulating mask and the battery surface can be reduced, thereby improving the yield of the photovoltaic module.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the first electrode includes a first bus electrode and a first lead-out electrode, the extension direction of the first lead-out electrode intersects with the extension direction of the first bus electrode, and the first bus electrode is connected to multiple first lead-out electrodes; the second electrode includes a second bus electrode and a second lead-out electrode, the extension direction of the second lead-out electrode intersects with the extension direction of the second bus electrode, and the second bus electrode is connected to multiple second lead-out electrodes; the first bus electrode and the second bus electrode are parallel to each other and arranged alternately, and adjacent first lead-out electrodes and second lead-out electrodes are parallel to each other and arranged alternately; the first insulation mask and the second insulation mask are both strip structures, the length direction of the first insulation mask is parallel to the first bus electrode, the first opening on the first insulation mask exposes the first contact portion on the first bus electrode, and the non-opening area of ​​the first insulation mask at least covers the end area of ​​the second lead-out electrode close to the first bus electrode; the length direction of the second insulation mask is parallel to the second bus electrode, the second opening on the second insulation mask exposes the second contact portion on the second bus electrode, and the second insulation mask covers the end area of ​​the first lead-out electrode close to the first bus electrode.

[0021] In the case of adopting the above technical solution, the first electrode has a first bus electrode and a first lead-out electrode, the second electrode has a second bus electrode and a second lead-out electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in a finger-like cross-arrangement; the first insulating mask is in a strip shape, which is entirely covered on the first bus electrode, and the first contact portion of the first bus electrode is exposed through the first opening, and the end region of the second lead-out electrode of the second electrode near the first contact portion is covered; the second insulating mask is in a strip shape, which is entirely covered on the second bus electrode, and the second contact portion of the second bus electrode is exposed through the second opening, and the end region of the first lead-out electrode of the first electrode near the second contact portion is covered. The first insulating mask and the second insulating mask are both in a strip shape, which facilitates the first insulating mask to be pasted along the extension direction of the first bus electrode, and after pasting, the first contact portion can be blocked from the end of the adjacent second lead-out electrode. Similarly, it is convenient for the second insulating mask to be pasted along the extension direction of the second bus electrode, and after pasting, the second contact portion can be blocked from the end of the adjacent first lead-out electrode.

[0022] In some possible implementations, the first opening is a strip opening parallel to the extension direction of the first bus electrode or a rectangular opening corresponding to the solder pad on the first bus electrode; the second opening is a strip opening parallel to the extension direction of the second bus electrode or a rectangular opening corresponding to the solder pad on the second bus electrode.

[0023] In the case of adopting the above technical solution, if the first contact portion is the entire first bus electrode, the first opening is a strip-shaped opening, which can expose the entire first bus electrode, and if the first contact portion is a partial pad, the first opening is a rectangular opening, which only exposes the pad. Similarly, the second opening is set according to the shape of the second contact portion.

[0024] In some possible implementations, in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the first bus electrode, the width of the first insulating mask is greater than the width of the first bus electrode, and the width of the end region of the second lead-out electrode covered by the first insulating mask is greater than or equal to 100 μm;

[0025] And / or, in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the second bus electrode, the width of the second insulation mask is greater than the width of the second bus electrode, and the width of the end region of the first lead-out electrode covered by the second insulation mask is greater than or equal to 100 μm.

[0026] When the above technical solution is adopted, it is ensured that the first insulating mask can make the insulation distance between the first bus electrode and the second lead electrode meet the insulation requirements during welding, and the second insulating mask can make the insulation distance between the second bus electrode and the first lead electrode meet the insulation requirements during welding.

[0027] In some possible implementations, in a direction perpendicular to an extension direction of the first bus electrode, a width of the first opening is greater than a width of the first bus electrode, and the width of the first opening is 30 μm to 200 μm greater than the width of the first bus electrode;

[0028] And / or, in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the second bus electrode, the width of the second opening is greater than the width of the second bus electrode, and the width of the second opening is 30 μm to 200 μm greater than the width of the second bus electrode.

[0029] In the case of adopting the above technical solution, the width of the first opening is greater than the width of the first bus electrode, so that the first welding strip and the first bus electrode can be fully welded, and the welding quality is improved. The width of the first opening is 30μm to 200μm greater than the width of the first bus electrode. If the width of the first opening is too small, it is not conducive to the alignment and positioning of the first opening and the first bus electrode. If the width of the first opening is too large, the end of the second lead-out electrode may be exposed from the first opening. The setting relationship between the width of the second opening and the width of the second bus electrode has the same beneficial effect, which will not be repeated here.

[0030] In some possible implementations, the distance between the edge of the first opening and the adjacent end of the second lead-out electrode is greater than or equal to 30 μm; and / or the distance between the edge of the second opening and the adjacent end of the first lead-out electrode is greater than or equal to 30 μm.

[0031] When the above technical solution is adopted, the distance between the edge of the first opening and the end of the adjacent second thin grid line is prevented from being too small, causing the solder to contact the end of the second lead-out electrode. Similarly, the distance between the edge of the second opening and the end of the adjacent first thin grid line is prevented from being too small, causing the solder to contact the end of the first lead-out electrode.

[0032] In some possible implementations, the first insulating mask corresponding to the first bus electrode region is an integrated structure, or includes two strip insulating masks located on both sides of the first bus electrode;

[0033] And / or, the second insulating mask correspondingly attached around the same second bus electrode is an integrated structure, or includes two strip-shaped insulating masks located on both sides of the same second bus electrode.

[0034] In the case of adopting the above technical solution, if the first insulation mask corresponding to the same bus electrode is an integrated structure, the first opening is formed by opening on the first insulation mask, and the first insulation mask only needs to be pasted on one first bus electrode area at a time. If the first insulation mask corresponding to the same bus electrode includes two strip insulation masks, the first opening is the area between the two strip insulation masks and does not need to be opened.

[0035] In some possible implementations, the first electrode includes a plurality of mutually parallel first gate line electrodes, the second electrode includes a plurality of mutually parallel second gate line electrodes, and the first gate line electrodes and the second gate line electrodes are parallel and alternately arranged;

[0036] The first insulating mask is a strip-shaped structure, the length direction of the first insulating mask is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first gate line electrode, a plurality of first openings are formed on the first insulating mask, each first opening correspondingly exposes the first contact portion of each first gate line electrode, and the non-opening area of ​​the first insulating mask covers the area of ​​the second gate line electrode close to the first opening;

[0037] The second insulating mask is a strip-shaped structure, the length direction of the second insulating mask is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second gate line electrode, a plurality of second openings are provided on the second insulating mask, each second opening corresponds to exposing the second contact portion of each of the second gate line electrodes, and the non-opening area of ​​the second insulating mask at least covers the area of ​​the first gate line electrode close to the second opening.

[0038] In the case of adopting the above technical solution, the first electrode and the second electrode form a main grid electrode structure, the first insulating mask is a strip structure, the first insulating mask only opens a first opening at the position corresponding to the first contact portion of each first grid line electrode, and the non-opening area covers the area of ​​the plurality of second grid line electrodes close to the first opening, so that when the first welding strip is welded to the plurality of first grid line electrodes, the first welding strip is insulated from the second grid line electrodes located below through the first insulating mask, the first insulating mask is a strip structure, which is convenient for pasting, reduces the pasting area, reduces the cost, and can reduce the bubbles between the insulating mask and the battery, etc., thereby improving the yield of the photovoltaic module. Similarly, the second insulating mask is set in the same way as the first insulating mask, has the same beneficial effects, and will not be repeated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an electrode structure provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0041] Figure 2 For Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating mask for setting an electrode structure in FIG.

[0042] Figure 3 For Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of another insulating mask for setting the electrode structure in FIG.

[0043] Figure 4 For Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of another insulating mask for the electrode structure arrangement;

[0044] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another electrode structure provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0045] Figure 6 For Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating mask for setting an electrode structure in FIG.

[0046] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating mask bonding provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0047] Figure numerals: 1 is a battery, 2 is a first electrode, 21 is a first bus electrode, 22 is a first lead-out electrode, 23 is a first gate electrode, 24 is a first contact portion, 3 is a second electrode, 31 is a second bus electrode, 32 is a second lead-out electrode, 33 is a second gate electrode, 34 is a second contact portion, 4 is an insulating mask, 41 is a first insulating mask, 411 is a first opening, 42 is a second insulating mask, 421 is a second opening, 401 is a base layer, 402 is an insulating adhesive layer, and 5 is a first welding strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0050] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. The meaning of "several" is one or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0052] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0053] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 The embodiment of the utility model provides a photovoltaic module, including a battery 1, an insulating mask 4, a first welding strip 5 and a second welding strip (not shown in the figure); wherein the battery 1 has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first surface can be a backlight surface, and the second surface can be a light-receiving surface, the first surface of the battery 1 has P regions and N regions arranged alternately, the P regions and the N regions have different conductivity types, one of the first electrode 2 or the second electrode 3 is arranged on the P region, and the other of the first electrode 2 or the second electrode 3 is arranged on the N region, the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are also arranged alternately and isolated from each other, and the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 have different conductive polarities. The first electrode 2 has a first contact portion 24, and the second electrode 3 has a second contact portion 34. The insulating mask 4 includes an insulating adhesive layer 402, the insulating adhesive layer 402 is bonded and covered on the first surface of the battery 1, the insulating mask 4 has an opening exposing the first contact portion 24 and the second contact portion 34, forming a patterned insulating mask 4, and the insulating mask 4 at least covers the area of ​​the second electrode 3 close to the first contact portion 24 and the area of ​​the first electrode 2 close to the second contact portion 34. The first welding strip 5 is welded to the first contact portion 24, that is, the first welding strip is welded to the portion of the first electrode 2 exposed at the opening; the second welding strip (not shown in the figure) is welded to the second contact portion 34, that is, the second welding strip is welded to the portion of the second electrode 3 exposed at the opening.

[0054] In the case of adopting the above technical solution, before welding the first electrode 2 to the first welding strip 5 and welding the second electrode 3 to the second welding strip, the patterned insulating mask 4 is bonded and covered on the first surface of the battery 1 through its own insulating adhesive layer 402, so that the opening on the insulating mask 4 corresponds to exposing the first contact portion 24 of the first electrode 2 and the second contact portion 34 of the second electrode 3. At this time, since the insulating mask 4 exposes the first contact portion 24 and the second contact portion 34 through the opening, and covers at least the area of ​​the second electrode 3 close to the first contact portion 24, and covers at least the area of ​​the first electrode 2 close to the second contact portion The area coverage of the first contact portion 34 is realized, so that when the first welding strip 5 is welded to the first contact portion 24 on the first electrode 2, the molten solder of the first welding strip 5 will not overflow to the second electrode 3 adjacent to the first contact portion 24, and the first welding strip 5 will not be in conductive contact with the second electrode 3, and when the second welding strip is welded to the second contact portion 34 on the second electrode 3, the molten solder of the second welding strip will not overflow to the first electrode 2 adjacent to the second contact portion 34, and the second welding strip will not be in conductive contact with the first electrode 2, thereby avoiding the welding strip from connecting the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3, thereby avoiding the short circuit of the P region and the N region of the battery 1. Moreover, the present application can realize the insulation welding protection only by pasting the insulation mask 4. Compared with the use of the existing insulation glue, the present application does not need the steps of printing, curing, etc., which simplifies the process, and the insulation mask 4 can use the insulating material with low material cost and can reduce the cost.

[0055] For example, the insulating adhesive layer 402 may include a material that has viscosity when the temperature rises, that is, at room temperature, the peel strength of the insulating adhesive layer 402 is 0 to 50 gf / inch. After being heated to 50°C to 150°C for complete wetting, and then cooled to room temperature, the peel strength of the insulating adhesive layer 402 is greater than 50 gf / inch. Preferably, the peel strength is greater than 200 gf / inch.

[0056] In this way, when the insulating mask 4 is bonded to the first surface of the battery 1, the insulating adhesive layer 402 is first bonded to the first surface of the battery 1 at room temperature. At this time, the bonding force is relatively small. Then, the temperature is raised to 50°C to 150°C, so that the insulating adhesive layer 402 and the surface of the battery 1 are completely infiltrated. Then, the temperature is cooled to room temperature. At this time, the peel strength between the insulating adhesive layer 402 and the surface of the battery 1 is increased and is greater than 50gf / inch, thereby improving the bonding strength between the insulating adhesive layer 402 and the surface of the battery 1, making it less likely to be misaligned, and ensuring the accuracy of the alignment and bonding.

[0057] In this embodiment, the volume resistivity of the insulating adhesive layer 402 is greater than 10^9Ω·cm, thus satisfying the insulation requirement.

[0058] In addition, the thickness of the insulating adhesive layer 402 is 3 μm to 20 μm. For example, the thickness of the insulating adhesive layer 402 is 3 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, etc. The thickness of the insulating adhesive layer 402 meets the insulation requirements and structural strength requirements.

[0059] For example, the insulating adhesive layer 402 may include one or more of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyethylene octene co-elastomer (POE), polyethersulfone (PES), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), polyamide (PA), polyolefin (PO), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyethylene foam, expandable polyethylene (EPE), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) or polyvinyl butyral (PVB). All of the above materials are solid structures, and the edges of the obtained insulating mask 4 and the edges of the openings are relatively smooth, which can improve the alignment accuracy, facilitate bonding, have insulating properties, and have low cost.

[0060] In some embodiments, Figure 7 As shown, the insulating mask 4 further includes a base layer 401, which is stacked with an insulating adhesive layer 402, and the base layer 401 is located on a side of the insulating adhesive layer 402 away from the battery 1, and the base layer 401 is bonded to the insulating adhesive layer 402. In this way, the insulating mask 4 is a two-layer structure, wherein the insulating mask 4 is bonded to the battery 1 through the insulating adhesive layer 402, and the structural stability of the insulating mask 4 is improved by the base layer 401, the accuracy of patterning is ensured, the base layer has better insulation effect and temperature resistance effect, and the base layer 401 is not easily melted and damaged by the molten solder, so as to avoid exposing the covered electrode.

[0061] Exemplarily, the thickness of the base layer 401 is 1 μm to 100 μm, and specifically can be 1 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, 32 μm, 45 μm, 60 μm, 75 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, etc. In this way, the thickness of the base layer 401 meets the insulation requirements and structural strength requirements.

[0062] For example, the material of the base layer 401 may include one or more of polyethylene terephthalate, polyolefin film, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride or biaxially oriented polypropylene. These materials have insulating properties, structural strength that meets the requirements for bonding, are not easily deformed, and have low cost.

[0063] It should be noted that the opening on the insulating mask 4 can be formed by pre-grooving before bonding, or by grooves after bonding to the battery 1, and the grooves can be formed by laser grooving, plasma etching, mechanical stamping, mechanical scribing, etc.

[0064] In some embodiments, the side of the base layer 401 close to the insulating adhesive layer 402 is a release surface, so that the peeling strength between the base layer 401 and the insulating adhesive layer 402 is less than the peeling strength between the insulating adhesive layer 402 and the surface of the battery 1. With this arrangement, after the insulating mask 4 is bonded to the battery 1, it is easy to peel the base layer 401 from the insulating adhesive layer 402, leaving only the insulating adhesive layer 402.

[0065] In some possible implementations, the insulating mask 4 is a whole-surface structure. For example, the shape of the insulating mask 4 is the same or similar to the shape of the first surface of the battery 1, and can be a rectangular film. The insulating mask 4 is opened only at positions corresponding to the first contact portion 24 and the second contact portion 34, and the non-opening area of ​​the insulating mask 4 covers the remaining area of ​​the first surface except the first contact portion 24 and the second contact portion 34. In this way, the insulating mask 4 is a whole surface, and is opened only at positions corresponding to the first contact portion 24 and the second contact portion 34. The insulating mask 4 has a simple shape, is easier to process, and is more convenient to paste.

[0066] like Figure 2-Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, in some possible implementations, the insulating mask 4 includes a first insulating mask 41 and a second insulating mask 42 corresponding to different regions of the first surface, and the number of the first insulating mask 41 and the second insulating mask 42 can be one or more, and the number is determined according to the distribution area of ​​the first contact portion 24 and the second contact portion 34. The first insulating mask 41 and the second insulating mask 42 are arranged separately and isolated, and the first insulating mask 41 and the second insulating mask 42 both include an insulating adhesive layer 402, and of course, they can also include a base layer 401 and an insulating adhesive layer 402, or one of the insulating masks 4 includes the insulating adhesive layer 402, and the other insulating mask 4 includes the base layer 401 and the insulating adhesive layer 402; the first insulating mask 41 has a first opening 411 exposing the first contact portion 24, and the non-opening area of ​​the first insulating mask 41 at least covers the area of ​​the second electrode 3 close to the first contact portion 24; the second insulating mask 42 has a second opening 421 exposing the second contact portion 34, and the non-opening area of ​​the second insulating mask 42 at least covers the area of ​​the first electrode 2 close to the second contact portion 34.

[0067] In the case of adopting the above technical solution, the first insulating mask 41 and the second insulating mask 42 are respectively pasted on different areas of the first surface, wherein the first insulating mask 41 blocks the first contact portion 24 from the adjacent second electrode 3, thereby preventing the solder of the first welding strip 5 from being short-circuited with the second electrode 3; the second insulating mask 42 blocks the second contact portion 34 from the adjacent first electrode 2, thereby preventing the solder of the second welding strip from being short-circuited with the first electrode 2. By pasting the first insulating mask 41 and the second insulating mask 42 in a targeted manner, the pasting area of ​​the insulating mask 4 can be reduced, further reducing the cost, and by minimizing the pasting area, the generation of defects such as bubbles between the insulating mask 4 and the surface of the battery 1 can be reduced, thereby improving the yield of the photovoltaic module.

[0068] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides an electrode structure, the first electrode 2 includes at least one first bus electrode 21 and a plurality of first lead-out electrodes 22, the first bus electrode 21 can be a first main grid line electrode, the first bus electrode 21 is used to collect the current collected by the first lead-out electrode 22, the first lead-out electrode 22 can be a first fine grid line electrode, the first lead-out electrode 22 is used to lead out the carriers generated by the photoelectric conversion of the battery. The extension direction of the first lead-out electrode 22 intersects with the extension direction of the first bus electrode 21, and can be vertical or at an angle. Multiple first bus electrodes 21 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, and each first bus electrode 21 is connected to multiple first lead-out electrodes 22. Multiple first lead-out electrodes 22 connected to the same first bus electrode 21 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other. Similarly, the second electrode 3 includes at least one second bus electrode 31 and multiple second lead-out electrodes 32. The second bus electrode 31 can be a second main grid line electrode, and the second bus electrode 31 is used to collect the current collected by the second lead-out electrode 32. The second lead-out electrode 32 can be a second fine grid line electrode, and the second lead-out electrode 32 is used to lead out the carriers generated by the photoelectric conversion of the battery. The extension direction of the second lead-out electrode 32 intersects with the extension direction of the second bus electrode 31, and can be vertical or at an angle. The multiple second bus electrodes 31 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, and each second bus electrode 31 is connected to the multiple second lead-out electrodes 32, and the multiple second lead-out electrodes 32 connected to the same second bus electrode 31 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other; the first bus electrode 21 and the second bus electrode 31 are parallel to each other and arranged alternately, the adjacent first lead-out electrodes 22 and the second lead-out electrodes 32 are parallel to each other and arranged alternately, and the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are arranged in a finger-like cross-arrangement.

[0069] For this electrode structure, Figure 2-Figure 4As shown, the first insulation mask 41 and the second insulation mask 42 are both strip-shaped structures, the length direction of the first insulation mask 41 is parallel to the first bus electrode 21, each first bus electrode 21 corresponds to a first insulation mask 41, the first opening 411 on each first insulation mask 41 exposes the first contact portion 24 on the corresponding first bus electrode 21, and the non-opening area of ​​the first insulation mask 41 at least covers the end area of ​​the second lead-out electrode 32 close to the first bus electrode 21. The length direction of the second insulation mask 42 is parallel to the second bus electrode 31, each second bus electrode 31 corresponds to a second insulation mask 42, the second opening 421 on each second insulation mask 42 exposes the second contact portion 34 on the corresponding second bus electrode 31, and the second insulation mask 42 covers the end area of ​​the first lead-out electrode 22 close to the second bus electrode 31.

[0070] When the above technical solution is adopted, the first insulating mask 41 and the second insulating mask 42 are both in the shape of strips, which facilitates the pasting of the first insulating mask 41 along the extension direction of the first bus electrode 21. After pasting, the first contact portion 24 can be separated from the end of the adjacent second lead-out electrode 32. Similarly, it is convenient for the second insulating mask 42 to be pasted along the extension direction of the second bus electrode 31. After pasting, the second contact portion 34 can be separated from the end of the adjacent first lead-out electrode 22.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first opening 411 is a strip-shaped opening parallel to the extension direction of the first bus electrode 21 or a rectangular opening corresponding to the pad on the first bus electrode 21. Each first insulating mask 41 is provided with at least one first opening 411, and a plurality of first openings 411 are arranged along the length direction of the first insulating mask 41, and each first opening 411 corresponds to a first contact portion 24. The second opening 421 is a strip-shaped opening parallel to the extension direction of the second bus electrode 31 or a rectangular opening corresponding to the pad on the second bus electrode 31. Each second insulating mask 42 is provided with at least one second opening 421, and a plurality of second openings 421 are arranged along the length direction of the second insulating mask 42, and each second opening 421 corresponds to a second contact portion 34.

[0072] When the above technical solution is adopted, if the first contact portion 24 is the entire first bus electrode 21, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first opening 411 is a strip-shaped opening, which can expose the entire first bus electrode 21. If the first contact portion 24 is a local pad, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first opening 411 is a rectangular opening, and only the pad is exposed. Similarly, the second opening 421 is set according to the shape of the second contact portion 34, and the setting principle is the same as that of the first opening 411, which will not be repeated here.

[0073] In some embodiments, in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the first bus electrode 21, the width of the first insulating mask 41 is greater than the width of the first bus electrode 21, that is, both side edges of the first insulating mask 41 parallel to the extension direction exceed both side edges of the first bus electrode 21 parallel to the extension direction, and the width of the end region of the second lead-out electrode 32 covered by the first insulating mask 41 is greater than or equal to 100 μm. Or the width of the first insulating mask 41 is 1.5 to 10 times the width of the first bus electrode 21. In this way, the first insulating mask 41 can cover the end region of the second lead-out electrode 32 located on both sides of the first bus electrode 21, with sufficient insulation distance to meet the insulation requirements during welding.

[0074] Similarly, in the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the second bus electrode 31, the width of the second insulation mask 42 is greater than the width of the second bus electrode 31, that is, both side edges of the second insulation mask 42 parallel to the extension direction exceed both side edges of the second bus electrode 31 parallel to the extension direction, and the width of the end region of the first lead-out electrode 22 covered by the second insulation mask 42 is greater than or equal to 100 μm, or the width of the second insulation mask 42 is 1.5 to 10 times the width of the second bus electrode 31. In this way, the second insulation mask 42 can cover the end region of the first lead-out electrode 22 located on both sides of the second bus electrode 31, so that there is a sufficient insulation distance between the second bus electrode 31 and the first lead-out electrodes 22 on both sides, meeting the insulation requirements during welding.

[0075] Further, in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first bus electrode 21 , the width of the first opening 411 is greater than the width of the first bus electrode 21 , and the width of the first opening 411 is 30 μm to 200 μm greater than the width of the first bus electrode 21 .

[0076] When the width of the first opening 411 is greater than the width of the first bus electrode 21, the first opening 411 can expose a larger area of ​​the first bus electrode 21, so that the first welding strip 5 and the first bus electrode 21 are fully welded, and the welding quality is improved. The width of the first opening 411 is 30 μm to 200 μm greater than the width of the first bus electrode 21. If the width of the first opening 411 is too small, it is not conducive to the alignment and positioning of the first opening 411 and the first bus electrode 21. The first opening 411 in the present application does not require a high alignment accuracy. Considering the distance between the end of the second lead-out electrode 32 and the first bus electrode 21, if the width of the first opening 411 is too large, the end of the second lead-out electrode 32 may be exposed from the first opening 411, resulting in the first welding strip 5 short-circuiting the first bus electrode 21 and the second lead-out electrode 32 during welding. Therefore, the width of the first opening 411 relative to the first bus electrode 21 can meet the insulation requirements while facilitating alignment.

[0077] Similarly, in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the second bus electrode 31, the width of the second opening 421 is greater than the width of the second bus electrode 31, and the width of the second opening 421 is 30 μm to 200 μm greater than the width of the second bus electrode 31. The size relationship of the second opening 421 to the width of the second bus electrode 31 can refer to the beneficial effect of the size relationship between the first opening 411 and the width of the first bus electrode 21, which will not be repeated here.

[0078] Of course, the width of the first opening 411 of the first insulating mask 41 may also be smaller than the width of the first bus electrode 21, that is, the first insulating mask 41 covers part of the two side edges of the first bus electrode 21, so that insulation and welding with the first welding strip 5 can also be achieved. Similarly, the width of the second opening 421 of the second insulating mask 42 may also be smaller than the width of the second bus electrode 31, that is, the second insulating mask 42 covers part of the two side edges of the second bus electrode 31, so that insulation and welding with the second welding strip can also be achieved.

[0079] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the distance between the edge of the first opening 411 and the end of the adjacent second lead-out electrode 32 is greater than or equal to 30 μm. This arrangement prevents the distance between the edge of the first opening 411 and the end of the adjacent second lead-out electrode 32 from being too small, causing the molten solder of the first soldering strip 5 to seep into the range of the first opening 411 and contact the end of the second lead-out electrode 32 located under the first insulating mask 41, thereby improving insulation reliability.

[0080] Similarly, the distance between the edge of the second opening 421 and the end of the adjacent first lead-out electrode 22 is greater than or equal to 30 μm. This arrangement prevents the distance between the edge of the second opening 421 and the end of the adjacent first lead-out electrode 22 from being too small, causing the molten solder of the second welding strip to contact the end of the first lead-out electrode 22 located under the second insulating mask 42, thereby improving insulation reliability.

[0081] like Figure 2 As shown, the first insulating mask 41 corresponding to the first bus electrode 21 region is an integrated structure, that is, a first opening 411 is opened in the region within the edge contour of the strip-shaped first insulating mask 41. In this way, the pasting of the first insulating mask 41 is convenient and the number of pastings is reduced.

[0082] Or, if Figure 3As shown, the first insulating mask 41 corresponding to the region of the same first bus electrode 21 includes two strip insulating masks located on both sides of the same first bus electrode 21. That is, a strip insulating mask needs to be attached to both sides of the same first bus electrode 21, respectively. The first opening 411 is the region between the two strip insulating masks, and does not need to be formed, and the alignment operation between the first opening 411 and the first bus electrode 21 does not need to be performed.

[0083] Similarly, if Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , the second insulating mask 42 correspondingly attached to the periphery of the same second bus electrode 31 is an integrated structure. Figure 3 As shown, the second insulating mask 42 correspondingly attached around the same second bus electrode 31 includes two strip-shaped insulating masks located on both sides of the same second bus electrode 31. The beneficial effects refer to the first insulating mask 41, which will not be repeated here.

[0084] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides another electrode structure, the first electrode 2 includes a plurality of first gate line electrodes 23 parallel to each other, the second electrode 3 includes a plurality of second gate line electrodes 33 parallel to each other, the first gate line electrodes 23 and the second gate line electrodes 33 are arranged in parallel and alternately, and the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 form a main gate electrode structure.

[0085] like Figure 6 As shown, for this electrode structure, the first insulating mask 41 is a strip-shaped structure, the length direction of the first insulating mask 41 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first gate line electrode 23, and each first insulating mask 41 is provided with a plurality of first openings 411, each first opening 411 correspondingly exposes the first contact portion 24 of each first gate line electrode 23, and the non-opening area of ​​the first insulating mask 41 covers the area of ​​the second gate line electrode 33 close to the first opening 411.

[0086] Similarly, the second insulating mask 42 is a strip-shaped structure, and the length direction of the second insulating mask 42 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second gate line electrode 33. A plurality of second openings 421 are provided on each second insulating mask 42, and each second opening 421 corresponds to exposing the second contact portion 34 of each second gate line electrode 33. The non-opening area of ​​the second insulating mask 42 at least covers the area of ​​the first gate line electrode 23 close to the second opening 421.

[0087] When the above technical solution is adopted, each first insulating mask 41 only opens a first opening 411 at the position corresponding to the first contact portion 24 of each first gate electrode 23, and the non-opening area covers the area of ​​the plurality of second gate electrodes 33 close to the first opening 411, so that when a first welding strip 5 is welded to the plurality of first gate electrodes 23, the first welding strip 5 is insulated from the second gate electrodes 33 located below through the first insulating mask 41. The first insulating mask 41 has a strip-shaped structure, which is convenient for pasting, reduces the pasting area, reduces the cost, and can reduce the bubbles between the insulating mask 4 and the battery 1, thereby improving the yield of the photovoltaic module. Similarly, the second insulating mask 42 is arranged in the same manner as the first insulating mask 41, and has the same beneficial effects, which will not be repeated.

[0088] For example, the following describes the specific preparation process of two photovoltaic modules. Figure 1 The finger-shaped cross-electrode structure in the embodiment of the present invention is described as an example in which the first insulating mask 41 and the second insulating mask 42 are both strip-shaped structures, wherein the widths of the first bus electrode 21 and the second bus electrode 31 are both 800 μm.

[0089] In the first step, a plurality of first insulating masks 41 and a plurality of second insulating masks 42 with a width of 1.2 mm are obtained. The first insulating masks 41 and the second insulating masks 42 each include a base layer 401 , an insulating adhesive layer 402 and a protective layer. The protective layer covers the side of the insulating adhesive layer 402 away from the base layer 401 .

[0090] In the second step, a groove is made at the center line position of the width direction of the first insulating mask 41 using a laser etching method to form a first opening 411. The same method is used to make a groove at the center line position of the width direction of the second insulating mask 42 to form a second opening 421. The width of the first opening 411 and the second opening 421 are both 900 μm.

[0091] The third step is to remove the protective layers on the first insulating mask 41 and the second insulating mask 42 to expose the bonding surface of the insulating adhesive layer 402, align and bond the first insulating mask 41 to the surface of the first bus electrode 21 of the battery 1, and align and bond the second insulating mask 42 to the surface of the second bus electrode 31 of the battery 1, so that the first contact portion 24 of the first bus electrode 21 exposes the first opening 411, and the second contact portion 34 of the second bus electrode 31 exposes the second opening 421.

[0092] In the fourth step, the first insulating mask 41 and the second insulating mask 42 are heated to 120°C and kept warm for a period of time. At this time, the peeling strength between the insulating adhesive layer 402 and the surface of the battery 1 is greater than the peeling force of the base layer 401. After that, the base layer 401 of the first insulating mask 41 and the second insulating mask 42 is peeled off from the insulating adhesive layer 402, leaving only the insulating adhesive layer 402 on the surface of the battery 1.

[0093] In the fifth step, the first welding ribbon 5 is welded to the first contact portion 24 at the first opening 411 exposing the first insulating mask 41 , and the second welding ribbon is welded to the second contact portion 34 at the second opening 421 exposing the second insulating mask 42 , thereby completing the series welding of the battery 1 .

[0094] The sixth step is to perform lamination and other processes on the serially welded cells 1 to support the photovoltaic module.

[0095] Embodiment 2, with electrode structure as Figure 1 The finger-shaped cross-electrode structure in the embodiment is described as an example in which the first insulating mask 41 and the second insulating mask 42 are both strip-shaped structures, wherein the widths of the first bus electrode 21 and the second bus electrode 31 are both 1000 μm.

[0096] In the first step, a plurality of first insulating masks 41 and a plurality of second insulating masks 42 with a width of 1.5 mm are obtained. The first insulating masks 41 and the second insulating masks 42 each include a base layer 401 , an insulating adhesive layer 402 and a protective layer. The protective layer covers the side of the insulating adhesive layer 402 away from the base layer 401 .

[0097] In the second step, a groove is made at the center line of the width direction of the first insulating mask 41 using a laser etching method to form a first opening 411. A groove is made at the center line of the width direction of the second insulating mask 42 using the same method to form a second opening 421. The widths of the first opening 411 and the second opening 421 are both 1100 μm.

[0098] The third step is to remove the protective layers on the first insulating mask 41 and the second insulating mask 42 to expose the bonding surface of the insulating adhesive layer 402, align and bond the first insulating mask 41 to the surface of the first bus electrode 21 of the battery 1, and align and bond the second insulating mask 42 to the surface of the second bus electrode 31 of the battery 1, so that the first contact portion 24 of the first bus electrode 21 exposes the first opening 411, and the second contact portion 34 of the second bus electrode 31 exposes the second opening 421.

[0099] In the fourth step, the first welding ribbon 5 is welded to the first contact portion 24 at the first opening 411 exposing the first insulating mask 41 , and the second welding ribbon is welded to the second contact portion 34 at the second opening 421 exposing the second insulating mask 42 , thereby completing the series welding of the battery 1 .

[0100] The sixth step is to perform lamination and other processes on the series-welded cells 1 to support the photovoltaic module.

[0101] The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the first insulating mask 41 and the second insulating mask 42 in the second embodiment retain the base layer 401 , and the base layer 401 is not stripped.

[0102] The preparation processes of the above two photovoltaic modules can obtain photovoltaic modules that meet the insulation requirements of the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0103] The above is only a specific implementation of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model, which should be included in the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: A battery, wherein a first electrode and a second electrode are alternately arranged on a first surface of the battery, the first electrode has a first contact portion, the second electrode has a second contact portion, and the first electrode and the second electrode have different conductive polarities; an insulating mask, comprising an insulating adhesive layer, the insulating adhesive layer being bonded to the first surface, the insulating mask having an opening exposing the first contact portion and the second contact portion, and a non-opening area of ​​the insulating mask at least covering an area of ​​the second electrode close to the first contact portion and an area of ​​the first electrode close to the second contact portion; a first welding strip, welded to the first contact portion; The second welding strip is welded to the second contact portion.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating mask further comprises a base layer, which is stacked with the insulating adhesive layer, and the base layer is located on a side of the insulating adhesive layer away from the battery.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: A side of the base layer close to the insulating adhesive layer is a release surface.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the insulating adhesive layer is 3 μm to 20 μm.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the base layer is 1 μm to 100 μm.

6. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The insulating mask is a whole-surface structure, and the non-opening area of ​​the insulating mask covers the remaining area of ​​the first surface except the first contact portion and the second contact portion.

7. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The insulating mask comprises a first insulating mask and a second insulating mask correspondingly attached to different areas of the first surface, and the first insulating mask and the second insulating mask both comprise the insulating adhesive layer; The first insulating mask has a first opening exposing the first contact portion, and a non-opening area of ​​the first insulating mask at least covers an area of ​​the second electrode close to the first contact portion; The second insulating mask has a second opening exposing the second contact portion, and a non-opening region of the second insulating mask at least covers a region of the first electrode close to the second contact portion.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first electrode includes a first bus electrode and a first lead-out electrode, the extension direction of the first lead-out electrode intersects with the extension direction of the first bus electrode, and the first bus electrode is connected to a plurality of the first lead-out electrodes; The second electrode includes a second bus electrode and a second lead-out electrode, the extension direction of the second lead-out electrode intersects with the extension direction of the second bus electrode, and the second bus electrode is connected to a plurality of the second lead-out electrodes; The first bus electrodes and the second bus electrodes are parallel to each other and arranged alternately, and the adjacent first lead-out electrodes and the second lead-out electrodes are parallel to each other and arranged alternately; The first insulating mask and the second insulating mask are both strip-shaped structures, the length direction of the first insulating mask is parallel to the first bus electrode, the first opening on the first insulating mask exposes the first contact portion on the first bus electrode, and the non-opening area of ​​the first insulating mask at least covers the end area of ​​the second lead-out electrode close to the first bus electrode; The length direction of the second insulating mask is parallel to the second bus electrode, the second opening on the second insulating mask exposes the second contact portion on the second bus electrode, and the non-opening area of ​​the second insulating mask at least covers the end area of ​​the first lead-out electrode close to the first bus electrode.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first opening is a strip-shaped opening parallel to the extension direction of the first bus electrode or a rectangular opening corresponding to the pad on the first bus electrode; The second opening is a strip-shaped opening parallel to the extension direction of the second bus electrode or a rectangular opening corresponding to the pad on the second bus electrode.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: In a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the first bus electrode, the width of the first insulating mask is greater than the width of the first bus electrode, and the width of the end region of the second lead-out electrode covered by the first insulating mask is greater than or equal to 100 μm; And / or, in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the second bus electrode, the width of the second insulation mask is greater than the width of the second bus electrode, and the width of the end region of the first lead-out electrode covered by the second insulation mask is greater than or equal to 100 μm.

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: In a direction perpendicular to an extension direction of the first bus electrode, a width of the first opening is greater than a width of the first bus electrode, and a width of the first opening is 30 μm to 200 μm greater than a width of the first bus electrode; And / or, in a direction perpendicular to an extending direction of the second bus electrode, a width of the second opening is greater than a width of the second bus electrode, and the width of the second opening is 30 μm to 200 μm greater than the width of the second bus electrode.

12. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The distance between the edge of the first opening and the adjacent end of the second lead-out electrode is greater than or equal to 30 μm; And / or, a distance between an edge of the second opening and an adjacent end of the first lead-out electrode is greater than or equal to 30 μm.

13. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first insulating mask corresponding to the first bus electrode region is an integral structure, or includes two strip insulating masks located on both sides of the first bus electrode; And / or, the second insulating mask corresponding to the second bus electrode region is an integrated structure, or includes two strip insulating masks located on both sides of the second bus electrode.

14. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first electrode includes a plurality of first gate line electrodes parallel to each other, the second electrode includes a plurality of second gate line electrodes parallel to each other, and the first gate line electrodes and the second gate line electrodes are arranged in parallel and alternately; The first insulating mask is a strip-shaped structure, the length direction of the first insulating mask is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first gate line electrode, the first insulating mask is provided with a plurality of first openings, each of the first openings correspondingly exposes the first contact portion of each of the first gate line electrodes, and the non-opening area of ​​the first insulating mask at least covers an area of ​​the second gate line electrode close to the first opening; The second insulating mask is a strip-shaped structure, the length direction of the second insulating mask is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second gate line electrode, a plurality of second openings are opened on the second insulating mask, each of the second openings corresponds to exposing the second contact portion of each second gate line electrode, and the second insulating mask covers the area of ​​the first gate line electrode close to the second opening.

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