Floating wetland system for purifying riverway water body
By designing floating bed body and microporous aeration device in the floating wetland system, the problem of poor air permeability of floating beds in the existing system is solved, and a more efficient water purification effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420719008.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-09
AI Technical Summary
The floating beds of the existing floating wetland system have poor breathability, blocking sunlight, affecting atmospheric reoxygenation and reproduction of microorganisms, and limiting the water purification effect.
A floating wetland system consisting of a floating bed body and a microporous aeration device is designed. The floating bed body consists of a support net and a floating bed frame. Floating bed plants are planted in the mesh of the support net, and the microporous aeration device is combined to improve breathability and atmospheric reoxygenation.
It improves the breathability of the floating bed, promotes the reproduction of atmospheric reoxygenation and aerobic microorganisms, enhances the vitality of plant roots and the ability to remove pollutants, and improves the water purification effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN222631210U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of river water body restoration, in particular to a floating wetland system used for river water body purification. Background Art
[0002] Urban rivers are natural and artificial waterways used for flood control, drainage, drainage, and navigation in urban areas. They are the main channels for urban pollution. With the rapid development of social economy, the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, a large number of industrial and agricultural pollutants enter the river water through atmospheric deposition, wastewater discharge, and rainwater runoff. Since the river itself has a small pollution absorption capacity and weak pollution purification capacity, when the pollutants exceed the environmental capacity of the river, the pollutants in the water body will continue to accumulate, and a considerable part of them will accumulate in the bottom mud. When the environment in the overlying water changes, the pollutants accumulated in the bottom mud will be released back into the water body, making the release of internal sediment pollutants a potential threat to the water environment. The pollution of urban rivers mainly comes from residents' domestic water and agricultural rainfall runoff, and nitrogen and phosphorus pollution are serious.
[0003] Floating wetlands are an in-situ treatment technology developed from traditional wetlands. Aquatic or terrestrial plants grow on beds or mats floating on the water surface, with the stems and leaves of the plants mainly growing and remaining above the water surface, while the roots are suspended under the floating bed. Floating wetlands can effectively remove more forms of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water through direct plant uptake or microorganisms such as ammonifying bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and phosphate-accumulating bacteria.
[0004] However, there are still some limitations in floating wetland technology. For example, the foam floating bed or floating board used is tightly covered on the water surface, which has poor air permeability and blocks the input of sunlight, seriously affecting the reoxygenation of the atmosphere, resulting in a decrease in the dissolved oxygen content of the water body, limiting the reproduction of aerobic microorganisms, and hindering the further degradation of organic pollutants, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients by microorganisms. At the same time, it restricts the development of the root system of floating bed plants, making it impossible for plants to better absorb and utilize nutrients in the water, affecting the improvement of water quality. In addition, the floating bed plants on the surface of the floating bed have limited purification capacity for deep water bodies. At the same time, they are limited by the number of plant roots and the surface area of the roots. The pollutants absorbed and assimilated by the plant roots and degraded by microorganisms on the root surface are very limited. Utility Model Content
[0005] The utility model provides a floating wetland system for purifying river water, aiming to improve the poor air permeability of the floating bed and reduce the problem of shading.
[0006] The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a floating wetland system for river water purification, comprising a floating bed body and a microporous aeration device, wherein the floating bed body comprises a floating bed frame and a supporting net arranged inside the floating bed frame, and floating bed plants are planted in the meshes of the supporting net;
[0007] A through hole is provided in the middle of the floating bed body, the microporous aeration device is embedded in the through hole, and the microporous aeration device is connected to the floating bed frame.
[0008] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has a support net inside the floating bed frame in this solution, and the floating bed plants are planted and fixed in the mesh of the support net, which can effectively avoid the problems of poor air permeability and light blocking of traditional floating bed boards. The microporous aeration device in this solution is conducive to atmospheric reoxygenation and promotes the reproduction of aerobic microorganisms and aquatic animals; moreover, the overall structure of the floating bed in this solution has little blocking effect on sunlight, which can effectively ensure the light conditions for the roots of emergent plants.
[0009] Furthermore, the floating bed frame includes an upper frame and a lower frame, the upper frame and the lower frame are connected to each other, the inner sides of the upper frame and the lower frame are connected to the support net, and the mesh of the support net on the upper frame is larger than the mesh of the support net on the lower frame.
[0010] In this solution, the mesh size of the support net in the upper frame is larger, which is conducive to ensuring the vertical growth of plants, while the mesh size of the support net in the lower frame is smaller, which is conducive to supporting the weight of plants.
[0011] Furthermore, the support net is formed by a grid structure formed by a plurality of elastic ropes interlaced with each other.
[0012] The support net in this solution is formed by an elastic rope net, and the elastic rope is retractable, so there will be no problem of limited growth space due to the growth of plants.
[0013] Furthermore, the output end of the microporous aeration device is connected to an aeration pipeline, and the aeration pipeline is arranged in a rectangular frame structure.
[0014] Such a setting is conducive to improving the uniformity of aeration. When combined with the floating wetland, it can enhance the vitality of plant roots and the activity of rhizosphere microorganisms and promote plant growth.
[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of biological streamers are connected to the bottom of the floating bed, and elastic three-dimensional fillers and aquatic plants are connected to the biological streamers.
[0016] Furthermore, the elastic three-dimensional fillers and the aquatic plants on each biological streamer are arranged alternately along the biological streamer.
[0017] Below the floating bed, aquatic plants and elastic three-dimensional fillers are hung alternately on ribbons, which is conducive to the combination of the elastic three-dimensional fillers and the roots of aquatic plants, and makes it easier to form a stable biofilm on the surface of the elastic three-dimensional fillers.
[0018] Furthermore, the floating bed body is connected with traction ropes around its periphery, and one end of the traction rope away from the floating bed body is connected with a brick body.
[0019] The floating bed body is sunk to the bottom of the pool through bricks connected to the traction rope, so that each corner is fixed, which can ensure that the floating bed body is at the same depth everywhere.
[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a fuel cell for providing electrical energy to the microporous aeration device, the fuel cell includes an anode electrode, a cathode electrode and a conductive wire, the anode electrode, the cathode electrode and the microporous aeration device are connected by the conductive wire, a resistor is connected in series between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, the anode electrode is buried in the sediment at the bottom of the pool, and the cathode electrode is located floating on the water surface.
[0021] In this scheme, the electric energy required for the operation of the microporous aeration device is provided by the sediment microbial fuel cell.
[0022] Furthermore, the cathode electrode has 50% of its surface area exposed to air.
[0023] In this scheme, the cathode electrode of the fuel cell floats on the water surface, and 50% of the cathode electrode surface area is exposed to the air, which is beneficial to provide an air-water-cathode interface, allowing oxygen to be directly reduced to soluble ions, which is beneficial to improve oxygen transfer and reduce cathode impedance, thereby improving the power performance of the system.
[0024] Further, the floating bed plants include water spinach.
[0025] In this scheme, water spinach is the main plant in the floating bed because its root secretions and radial oxygen loss have a great impact on the performance of the system. Its root secretions can not only improve enzyme activity, but also provide carbon sources and electron mediators to promote power generation; its radial oxygen loss can promote nitrogen removal and reduce the overpotential of the cathode electrode, thereby increasing power generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present utility model, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present utility model. In the drawings:
[0027] Figure 1 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of a floating wetland system for river water purification embodiment.
[0028] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:
[0029] Floating bed plants 1, microporous aeration device 2, elastic rope 3, floating bed frame 4, streamer 5, elastic three-dimensional filler 6, aquatic plants 7, aeration pipe 8, conductive wire 9, resistor 10, anode electrode 11, cathode electrode 12, traction rope 13, brick body 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model more clearly understood, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The schematic implementation manner of the utility model and its description are only used to explain the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.
[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a floating wetland system for river water purification, including a floating bed body and a microporous aeration device 2, the floating bed body includes a floating bed frame 4 and a support net arranged inside the floating bed frame 4, and floating bed plants 1 are planted in the meshes of the support net.
[0032] In this embodiment, the floating bed frame 4 includes an upper frame and a lower frame, and the upper frame and the lower frame are connected to each other. In this embodiment, the upper frame and the lower frame are tied and fixed by nylon ropes. The floating bed frame 4 in this embodiment is assembled with hollow PVC pipes, and the pipes are connected by two-way joints.
[0033] The above-mentioned support net is connected to the inner side of the upper frame and the lower frame, and the mesh of the support net on the upper frame is larger than the mesh of the support net on the lower frame. The support net is formed into a grid structure by cross-laying multiple elastic ropes 3, and the elastic ropes 3 have elastic force.
[0034] In this embodiment, the support net on the upper frame has a larger mesh size, which is conducive to ensuring the vertical growth of plants. The support net on the lower frame has a smaller mesh size, which is conducive to supporting the weight of plants. The elastic rope 3 has elasticity and can deform and expand, so there will be no problem of limited growth space due to the growth of plants.
[0035] A through hole is opened in the middle of the floating bed body, and the above-mentioned microporous aeration device 2 is embedded in the through hole, and the microporous aeration device 2 is connected to the floating bed frame 4 and fixed by bolts. The microporous aeration device 2 includes an air pump and an aeration pipe 8. The microporous aeration device 2 can be aerated. The aeration pipe 8 is connected to the output end of the air pump of the microporous aeration device 2. The aeration pipe 8 is arranged in a rectangular frame structure. Such an arrangement is conducive to the uniformity of aeration.
[0036] In this embodiment, a plurality of biological streamers 5 are connected to the bottom of the floating bed, and elastic three-dimensional fillers 6 and aquatic plants 7 are connected to the biological streamers 5. The biological streamers 5 are a new type of biological carrier made of special fabric materials. Through unique weaving technology and surface treatment, it has a huge biological contact surface area. The biological streamers 5 can cultivate a microbial community with extremely rich species, including fungi, algae, protozoa and metazoa. The elastic three-dimensional filler 6 has little resistance to water flow, good air distribution performance, is easy to grow film, and has the function of cutting bubbles.
[0037] In this embodiment, the elastic three-dimensional filler 6 and the aquatic plants 7 on each biological streamer 5 are arranged alternately along the biological streamer 5, which is conducive to the combination of the elastic three-dimensional filler 6 and the root system of the aquatic plant 7, and it is easier to form a stable biofilm on the filler surface. In this embodiment, the microporous aeration device 2 is combined with the floating wetland to enhance the vitality of the plant root system and the activity of rhizosphere microorganisms, promote the growth of plants, and is combined with the biological streamer 5 system below, which is conducive to the successful biofilm of the elastic three-dimensional filler 6.
[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to ensure that the bed is at the same depth everywhere, the floating bed is connected with traction ropes 13 around the bed, and the end of the traction rope 13 away from the floating bed is connected with a brick body 14, which sinks to the bottom of the pool so that every angle around the floating bed can be fixed.
[0039] A floating wetland system for river water purification in this embodiment also includes a fuel cell for providing electrical energy to the microporous aeration device 2. The fuel cell includes an anode electrode 11, a cathode electrode 12 and a conductive wire 9. The anode electrode 11, the cathode electrode 12 and the microporous aeration device 2 are connected by the conductive wire 9. A resistor 10 is connected in series between the anode electrode 11 and the cathode electrode 12. The anode electrode 11 is buried in the sediment at the bottom of the pool, and the cathode electrode 12 is located floating on the water surface.
[0040] In this embodiment, the cathode electrode 12 has 50% of its surface area exposed to the air. Specifically: In this embodiment, the hydrophilic carbon fiber is horizontally buried in the middle of the sediment as the anode electrode 11, and the cathode electrode 12 is a hydrophobic carbon fiber and pre-coated with platinum carbon powder as a catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction. The cathode electrode 12 floats vertically on the water surface, and 50% of the cathode surface area is exposed to the air. The anode electrode 11 and the cathode electrode 12 are connected by titanium wire as a conductive wire 9, and a resistor 10 is connected in series between the two stages. The two ends of the microporous aeration device 2 are respectively connected to the anode electrode 11 and the cathode electrode 12 through the titanium wire conductive wire 9, and the electrical energy required for the operation of the device is provided by the sediment microbial fuel cell.
[0041] The floating bed plants 1 include water spinach. Since the root secretions of water spinach and the radial oxygen loss of the plant have a great influence on the performance of the system, the floating bed plants 1 in this embodiment are mainly water spinach, supplemented by other plants. Its root secretions can not only improve enzyme activity, but also provide carbon sources and electron mediators to promote power generation; its radial oxygen loss can promote nitrogen removal, reduce the overpotential of the cathode electrode 12, and thus increase power generation.
[0042] The specific implementation process is as follows:
[0043] In this embodiment, the mixed floating wetland is a 5m×5m square structure as an example. The 0.8m×1m×0.1m solar microporous aeration device 2 embedded in the middle of the wetland is used to increase the dissolved oxygen content in the water body. The average diameter of the micropores of the device is 0.03mm-0.06mm. The aeration pipeline 8 is laid in the form of a square suspension structure of a rectangular frame, located 1m below the water surface. In the fuel cell, a hydrophilic carbon fiber with a length, width and thickness of about 10cm×10cm×0.38cm is horizontally buried in the middle of the sediment as an anode electrode 11, and the cathode electrode 12 is a hydrophobic carbon fiber with a length, width and thickness of about 20cm×5cm×0.38cm, and pre-coated with platinum carbon powder as a catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. The conductive wire 9 is a titanium wire with a diameter of 0.5mm, and a 500Ω resistor 10 is connected between the conductive wires 9 of the cathode electrode 12 and the anode electrode 11. In addition, the two ends of the microporous aeration device 2 are connected to the anode electrode 11 and the cathode electrode 12 respectively through the conductive wire 9.
[0044] Implementation Cases:
[0045] First, the plant roots on the floating wetland remove nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants through adsorption and precipitation promotion as well as plant absorption. The plant roots can promote the sedimentation of larger suspended particles in rainfall runoff, and can provide attachment areas for the growth of microorganisms, thereby increasing the biological absorption of nutrients by plants. In addition, the elastic three-dimensional fillers 6 and aquatic algae connected in series on the biological streamer 5 gather the simulated aquatic weeds into a screen curtain, forming a biofilm under the floating mat, and retaining the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the water through the binding process occurring in the biofilm.
[0046] At the same time, the design of the floating bed structure and the presence of the microporous aeration device 2 effectively promote the use of these two mechanisms. The design of the bed structure increases the dissolved oxygen content of the water body, promotes the reproduction of aerobic microorganisms and aquatic animals, and the structure greatly reduces the blocking effect of sunlight, effectively ensuring the lighting conditions of the roots of emergent plants and submerged plants connected to the streamers 5, which can enhance their treatment of pollutants in the water body.
[0047] The cathode electrode 12 of the fuel cell floats on the water surface, and 50% of the surface area of the cathode electrode 12 is exposed to the air, which is beneficial to provide an air-water-cathode interface, allowing oxygen to be directly reduced to soluble ions, which is beneficial to improving oxygen transfer and reducing cathode impedance, thereby improving the power performance of the system. In addition, the cathode in the air part can remove ammonia nitrogen through a volatilization mechanism, and the biofilm on the submerged cathode will promote the volatilization of ammonia ions in the cathode, converting ammonia ions into ammonia, thereby increasing nitrogen loss under electrochemical treatment. In addition, the root secretions of water spinach and the radial oxygen loss of the plant play an important role in removing pollutants and increasing power generation. In terms of bottom sediment environmental remediation, the oxidizing environment formed in the anode area increases the redox potential around the anode, which can promote the stability of phosphorus in the bottom mud and inhibit its release into the overlying water. In addition, a layer of biofilm will form on the anode, and a large number of power-generating microorganisms on the biofilm can oxidize and decompose organic matter in the sediment and generate electrons.
[0048] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the utility model in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific implementation method of the utility model and is not used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A floating wetland system for river water purification, characterized in that: It comprises a floating bed body and a microporous aeration device, wherein the floating bed body comprises a floating bed frame and a supporting net arranged inside the floating bed frame, and floating bed plants are planted in the meshes of the supporting net; A through hole is provided in the middle of the floating bed body, the microporous aeration device is embedded in the through hole, and the microporous aeration device is connected to the floating bed frame.
2. A floating wetland system for river water purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating bed frame includes an upper frame and a lower frame, the upper frame and the lower frame are connected to each other, the inner sides of the upper frame and the lower frame are connected to the support net, and the mesh of the support net on the upper frame is larger than the mesh of the support net on the lower frame.
3. A floating wetland system for river water purification according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The support net is formed by a grid structure formed by a plurality of elastic ropes interlaced with each other.
4. The floating wetland system for river water purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the microporous aeration device is connected to an aeration pipeline, and the aeration pipeline is arranged in a rectangular frame structure.
5. The floating wetland system for river water purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of biological streamers are connected to the bottom of the floating bed, and elastic three-dimensional fillers and aquatic plants are connected to the biological streamers.
6. A floating wetland system for river water purification according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic three-dimensional fillers and aquatic plants on each biological streamer are arranged alternately along the biological streamer.
7. The floating wetland system for river water purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating bed body is connected with traction ropes around its periphery, and one end of the traction rope away from the floating bed body is connected with a brick body.
8. The floating wetland system for river water purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fuel cell for providing electrical energy to the microporous aeration device, the fuel cell includes an anode electrode, a cathode electrode and a conductive wire, the anode electrode, the cathode electrode and the microporous aeration device are connected by the conductive wire, a resistor is connected in series between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, the anode electrode is buried in the sediment at the bottom of the pool, and the cathode electrode is located floating on the water surface.
9. The floating wetland system for river water purification according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cathode electrode has 50% of its surface area exposed to air.
10. The floating wetland system for river water purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating bed plants include water spinach.