Impregnation system for resin-fiber pultrusion composite material

Abstract

The utility model discloses an impregnation system for a resin-fiber pultrusion composite material, which comprises a pressure chamber and a matched cover plate, the pressure chamber is enclosed by a bottom plate, a first wall plate, a third wall plate, a first side plate and a second side plate, and the first wall plate and the third wall plate are distributed at the left end, the right end, the front end and the rear end of the bottom plate; a second wallboard is arranged to divide the pressure chamber into a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber, a prefabricated mold is installed on the second wallboard, a fiber outlet is formed in the first wallboard, a second pipeline connector is arranged at the bottom of the first pressure chamber, and a fiber inlet and a first pipeline connector are formed in the cover plate. According to the utility model, a double-cabin structure is arranged to control the pressure in the first pressure cabin to be low positive pressure and the pressure in the second pressure cabin to be negative pressure, so that after fibers are fully infiltrated, excessive glue solution is removed through pultrusion, and inclusion bubbles and volatile matters are fully removed, thereby improving the quality of a resin-fiber pultrusion composite material product; and high pressure and strict sealing requirements of traditional high-pressure injection are reduced, and the device is suitable for the field of gum dipping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of impregnation, and particularly relates to an impregnation system for resin-fiber pultruded composites. Background Art

[0002] Fiber composites are widely used in the fields of aerospace, transportation and military due to their excellent properties such as low density, high specific strength and high chemical corrosion resistance. Among them, the conventional preparation process of fiber composite pultruded products is to immerse continuous fibers in resin liquid, and after being formed and cured by a mold, the products are obtained by pultrusion through a traction machine. Traditional fiber impregnation mostly adopts open atmospheric pressure impregnation tank wetting, or uses a hydraulic system to generate high pressure to inject the glue into a closed impregnation chamber to achieve fiber wetting. During the open atmospheric pressure impregnation tank wetting process, the production raw materials are directly exposed to the air, and trace substances such as dust and moisture in the air are wetted onto the surface of the glass fiber. In this way, there are a certain amount of tiny voids in the products obtained by pultrusion molding. During the long-term use of the products, the existence of these tiny voids will not only affect the product performance, but also accelerate the photo-thermal aging phenomenon of the products. At the same time, during the high-pressure injection impregnation chamber wetting process of the product with the help of a hydraulic system, since the impregnation glue liquid generally has a high viscosity and strong viscosity, the equipment is in a continuous working state during the injection process, and the energy consumption is relatively large; in addition, due to the self-sealing principle of glass fiber used in the system, the injection pressure is restricted by the mutual restriction of the osmotic pressure of glass fiber and the sealing pressure, and the impregnation pressure control process is difficult. It is manifested that the glue liquid leaks due to the sealing failure of the glass fiber, or the glass fiber is effectively sealed but cannot be completely wetted. The quality of the pultruded products fluctuates with the different wetting degrees of the glass fiber. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an impregnation system for resin-fiber pultruded composites in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. The impregnation system controls the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber to form a double-chamber structure, with a low positive pressure in the first pressure chamber and a negative pressure in the second pressure chamber, so that the fibers are fully wetted in the first pressure chamber, and then enter the second pressure chamber through pultrusion to remove the excess glue and fully remove the entrained bubbles and trace small molecule volatiles, improving the quality of the resin-fiber pultruded composite products and solving the deficiencies of high energy consumption and strict sealing requirements of traditional high-pressure injection.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows: An impregnating system for resin-fiber pultruded composite materials, characterized in that it includes a pressure chamber and a cover plate matching the opening of the pressure chamber. The pressure chamber is surrounded by a bottom plate, first side walls and third side walls distributed at the left and right ends of the bottom plate, and first side plates and second side plates distributed at the front and rear ends of the bottom plate. A second side wall is provided in the pressure chamber, dividing the pressure chamber into a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber. A prefabricated mold is installed on the second side wall, a fiber outlet is opened on the first side wall, a second pipeline interface is provided at the bottom of the first pressure chamber, a fiber inlet is opened on the cover plate corresponding to the position of the first pressure chamber, and a first pipeline interface connected to a negative pressure pipeline is provided corresponding to the position of the second pressure chamber.

[0005] The above-mentioned impregnating system for resin-fiber pultruded composite materials is characterized in that the first side wall, the first side plate, the second side plate and the bottom plate are of an integral structure.

[0006] The above-mentioned impregnating system for resin-fiber pultruded composite materials is characterized in that a U-shaped rubber seal is adopted between the pressure chamber and the cover plate.

[0007] The above-mentioned impregnating system for resin-fiber pultruded composite materials is characterized in that the fiber inlet is sealed by splicing U-shaped fluororubber.

[0008] The above-mentioned impregnating system for resin-fiber pultruded composite materials is characterized in that the fiber outlet is docked with a forming mold.

[0009] The above-mentioned impregnating system for resin-fiber pultruded composite materials is characterized in that the prefabricated mold is wedge-shaped.

[0010] The above-mentioned impregnating system for resin-fiber pultruded composite materials is characterized in that the second side wall is arranged parallel to the first side wall.

[0011] The above-mentioned impregnating system for resin-fiber pultruded composite materials is characterized in that the first side wall, the third side wall, the first side plate and the second side plate are all arranged vertically relative to the bottom plate, and the third side wall is arranged obliquely outward relative to the bottom plate.

[0012] The present utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0013] 1. The dipping system of the present utility model adopts a double-chamber structure with a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber, and controls the first pressure chamber to be at a low positive pressure and the second pressure chamber to be at a negative pressure. After the fibers are fully infiltrated in the first pressure chamber, they enter the second pressure chamber through pultrusion to remove excess glue and fully remove entrained air bubbles and trace small molecule volatile substances, realizing a separation mode of fiber impregnation and process parameter control, improving the quality of resin-fiber pultruded composite products, and overcoming the deficiency of high energy consumption in traditional high-pressure injection.

[0014] 2. The dipping system of the present utility model forms a pressure difference by setting the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber, adjusts the state of the fiber-impregnated glue, and can further adopt an intelligent pressure control pump to perform gradient control on the pressure of the fiber-impregnated resin, so as to realize the matching optimization among fiber wettability, glue viscosity, glue infiltration time for fibers, and production efficiency, reduce product quality fluctuations, and improve the stability of the performance of resin-fiber pultruded composite products.

[0015] 3. The dipping system of the present utility model sets the second pressure chamber to be in a negative pressure state, improves the strict requirements for sealing of the second pressure chamber, avoids the dripping phenomenon caused by poor sealing in the traditional pressure injection dipping mode, improves the production environment, and at the same time enables the excess glue in the impregnated fibers to be squeezed and refluxed into the first pressure chamber, and the impregnated fibers are sent out through the second pressure chamber and then enter the mold, thus separating the first pressure chamber from the mold and avoiding the thermal pollution of the glue by the heat of the mold.

[0016] 4. The dipping system of the present utility model has a simple structure and convenient operation during the dipping process, which is beneficial to improving the quality of fiber pultruded composites from multiple aspects such as machine, material, method, and environment.

[0017] The technical solution of the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dipping system for resin-fiber pultruded composites of the present utility model.

[0019] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0020] 1 - Cover plate; 2 - Fiber inlet; 3 - Fiber outlet;

[0021] 4 - First wall panel; 5 - Second wall panel; 6 - Third wall panel;

[0022] 7 - First side panel; 8 - Second side panel; 9 - Bottom plate;

[0023] 10 - First pressure chamber; 11 - Second pressure chamber; 12 - First pipeline interface;

[0024] 13—Second pipeline interface; 14—Prefabricated mold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the resin-fiber pultruded composite material impregnation system of this embodiment includes a pressure chamber and a cover plate 1 matched with the opening of the pressure chamber, the pressure chamber is surrounded by a bottom plate 9, a first wall panel 4 and a third wall panel 6 distributed at the left and right ends of the bottom plate 9, a first side panel 7 and a second side panel 8 distributed at the front and rear ends of the bottom plate 9, and a second wall panel 5 is arranged in the pressure chamber, dividing the pressure chamber into a first pressure chamber 10 and a second pressure chamber 11, a prefabricated mold 14 is installed on the second wall panel 5, a fiber outlet 3 is opened on the first wall panel 4, a second pipe interface 13 is arranged at the bottom of the first pressure chamber 10, a fiber inlet 2 is opened at the position corresponding to the first pressure chamber 10 on the cover plate 1, and a first pipe interface 12 connected to the negative pressure pipe is arranged at the position corresponding to the second pressure chamber 11.

[0027] In the dipping system of the present embodiment, a pressure cabin is provided as a dipping place for the fibers. By providing a cover plate 1 matching the opening of the pressure cabin, the opening of the pressure cabin is covered to form an independent and closed space, thereby avoiding pollution and interference from the external environment, and greatly reducing the adsorption of trace substances such as dust and moisture in the air on the fiber surface during the dipping process, thereby avoiding the presence of tiny pores in the product that affect the product performance; at the same time, the present embodiment adopts a bottom plate 9, a first wall plate 4 and a third wall plate 6 distributed at the left and right ends of the bottom plate 9, and a first side plate 7 and a second side plate 8 distributed at the front and rear ends of the bottom plate 9 to enclose the pressure cabin, and by providing a cover plate 1 in the pressure cabin, The second wall panel 5 makes the pressure chamber form two relatively independent chambers, namely the first pressure chamber 10 and the second pressure chamber 11. The resin glue is injected into the first pressure chamber 10 at a specific pressure to impregnate the fiber. The second pressure chamber 11 is used as a post-processing place. The resin-fiber formed after the resin glue impregnation is subjected to pultrusion treatment through the pressure difference between the first pressure chamber 10 and the second pressure chamber 11, so as to effectively remove the impregnation bubbles mixed in the resin-fiber gap and the trace small molecular volatiles remaining in the resin glue of the resin-fiber, avoid the thermal pollution caused by the reflux of the resin glue, and improve the impregnation quality.

[0028] In the sizing system of this embodiment, by installing the prefabricated mold 14 on the second wall panel 5, on the one hand, it serves as a connection channel between the first pressure chamber 10 and the second pressure chamber 11, allowing the fibers to be sent into the second pressure chamber 11 after being impregnated with the resin sizing agent in the first pressure chamber 10. On the other hand, the prefabricated mold 14 is used to scrape off the excess resin sizing agent to control the sizing amount in the fibers. By opening the fiber outlet 3 on the first wall panel 4, the resin-fibers after pultrusion treatment in the second pressure chamber 11 are sent out. At the same time, in the sizing system of this embodiment, by setting the second pipeline interface 13 at the bottom of the first pressure chamber 10, the resin sizing agent is injected into the first pressure chamber 10 through the second pipeline interface 13 at a specific pressure to impregnate the fibers. By opening the fiber inlet 2 at the position corresponding to the first pressure chamber 10 on the cover plate 1, the continuous fibers enter the resin sizing agent contained in the first pressure chamber 10 through the fiber inlet 2 for impregnation. By setting the first pipeline interface 12 connected to the negative pressure pipeline at the position corresponding to the second pressure chamber 11 on the cover plate 1 to connect to the negative pressure pipeline and the negative pressure pump, a vacuum negative pressure is applied to the second pressure chamber 11, so that an osmotic pressure difference of the sum of the positive pressure and the absolute negative pressure is formed during the process of the sizing agent passing through the first pressure chamber 10 and the second pressure chamber 11. From the perspective of fluid mechanics, during the process of the resin sizing agent infiltrating the fibers, under the condition that the viscosity of the resin sizing agent, the fiber dosage, the infiltration time, and the pultrusion speed are kept constant, the osmotic pressure of the resin sizing agent on the fibers is relatively constant. Therefore, by applying a positive pressure to the first pressure chamber 10 and a negative pressure to the second pressure chamber 11, the positive pressure (i.e., the injection pressure) of the first pressure chamber 10 is reduced under the condition of keeping the total osmotic pressure unchanged. Therefore, the pressure difference between the first pressure chamber 10 and the second pressure chamber 11 meets the pressure-time requirement for the fibers to be completely infiltrated by the sizing agent, effectively reducing the requirement for a large single injection pressure in the traditional hydraulic injection sizing method, thereby reducing the environmental pollution caused by the sizing agent leakage due to the difficult-to-achieve relatively stringent sealing requirements of the traditional hydraulic injection sizing method, and ensuring the quality stability of the resin-fibers formed after sizing.

[0029] Furthermore, the first wall panel 4, the first side panel 7, the second side panel 8, and the bottom plate 9 are of an integral structure. In this embodiment, by setting the first wall panel 4, the first side panel 7, the second side panel 8, and the bottom plate 9 as an integral structure, it is beneficial to improve the overall sealing performance of the pressure chamber, thereby ensuring the formation of a pressure difference between the first pressure chamber 10 and the second pressure chamber 11, and further ensuring the smooth progress of the processes in each pressure chamber, especially the pultrusion process in the second pressure chamber 11.

[0030] Furthermore, a U-shaped rubber seal is adopted between the pressure chamber and the cover plate 1. In this embodiment, by adopting a U-shaped rubber seal between the pressure chamber and the cover plate 1, the sealing performance between the pressure chamber and the cover plate 1 is improved, further ensuring the formation of a pressure difference between the first pressure chamber 10 and the second pressure chamber 11, enabling the pultrusion process in the second pressure chamber 11 to proceed smoothly, reducing the pultrusion energy consumption, and avoiding material losses such as glue.

[0031] Furthermore, the fiber inlet 2 is sealed by splicing U-shaped fluororubber. In this embodiment, by using U-shaped fluororubber splicing seal for the fiber inlet 2, since the fluororubber seal has a small friction coefficient, fiber wear is avoided, and the viscous force between the fiber, the glue and the fluororubber seal is small, reducing the traction resistance of the fiber. While achieving effective sealing, it also avoids the failure of pultrusion caused by the local accumulation and curing of glue during the long-term operation of the impregnation system.

[0032] Furthermore, the fiber outlet 3 is docked with the forming die. In this embodiment, the fiber outlet 3 is set to be docked with the forming die, or even docked and integrated, so that the resin-fiber composite material after being impregnated with resin glue and pultruded enters the forming die directly through the fiber outlet 3 for subsequent winding forming process, improving the preparation efficiency.

[0033] Furthermore, the preform 14 is wedge-shaped. In this embodiment, by setting the preform 14 to be wedge-shaped, the resin-fiber after impregnation gradually enters the die hole with a small cross-section from the large cross-section of the wedge, realizing smooth extrusion transition sealing and fully extruding the excess glue, controlling the glue content in the pultruded product.

[0034] Furthermore, the second wall panel 5 is arranged parallel to the first wall panel 4. In this embodiment, by arranging the second wall panel 5 parallel to the first wall panel 4, the preform 14 installed on the second wall panel 5 corresponds to the fiber outlet 3 opened on the first wall panel 4, reducing the fiber running path, facilitating the fiber impregnated with resin glue in the first pressure chamber 10 to be directly and quickly sent into the second pressure chamber 11 through the preform 14 for pultrusion treatment, and then sent out of the impregnation system through the fiber outlet 3 for subsequent treatment, ensuring the continuous progress of the impregnation and pultrusion processes.

[0035] Furthermore, the first wall panel 4, the third wall panel 6, the first side panel 7 and the second side panel 8 are all arranged vertically relative to the bottom plate 9, and the third wall panel 6 is arranged obliquely outward relative to the bottom plate 9. In this embodiment, by arranging the third wall panel 6 obliquely outward relative to the bottom plate 9, the angle of the fiber entering the first pressure chamber 10 is adjusted, and the phenomenon of glue infiltration and flow dead angle at the joint between the third wall panel 6 and the bottom plate 9 is avoided, preventing the local curing and blocking of the chamber.

[0036] The use process of the dipping system of the present utility model is as follows: The resin glue is injected into the first pressure chamber 10 through the glue inlet pipe connected to the second pipe interface 13 under a certain pressure to form a positive pressure. The first pipe interface 12 is connected to a negative pressure pump through a negative pressure pipe to apply a vacuum negative pressure to the second pressure chamber 11. The fiber is fed into the first pressure chamber 10 through the fiber inlet 2 and is infiltrated with the resin glue under the action of the positive pressure to form resin-fiber. Then, the excess glue is extruded through the preform 14 and enters the second pressure chamber 11, where the bubbles formed during the resin-fiber infiltration process are broken under the action of the negative pressure, and the trace volatiles in the infiltrated resin are removed. After being drawn out through the fiber outlet 3, it enters the forming die for subsequent processing.

[0037] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not impose any limitation on the present utility model. Any simple modification, change, and equivalent change made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the utility model still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A resin-fiber pultruded composite material impregnation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pressure chamber and a cover plate (1) matched with an opening of the pressure chamber, wherein the pressure chamber is surrounded by a bottom plate (9), a first wall plate (4) and a third wall plate (6) distributed at the left and right ends of the bottom plate (9), and a first side plate (7) and a second side plate (8) distributed at the front and rear ends of the bottom plate (9), and a second wall plate (5) is arranged in the pressure chamber to divide the pressure chamber into a first pressure chamber (10) and a second pressure chamber (11), a prefabricated mold (14) is installed on the second wall plate (5), a fiber outlet (3) is provided on the first wall plate (4), a second pipe interface (13) is provided at the bottom of the first pressure chamber (10), a fiber inlet (2) is provided at a position corresponding to the first pressure chamber (10) on the cover plate (1), and a first pipe interface (12) connected to a negative pressure pipe is provided at a position corresponding to the second pressure chamber (11).

2. The resin-fiber pultruded composite material dipping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first wall panel (4), the first side panel (7), the second side panel (8) and the bottom panel (9) are an integrated structure.

3. The resin-fiber pultruded composite material dipping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A U-shaped rubber seal is used between the pressure chamber and the cover plate (1).

4. The resin-fiber pultruded composite material dipping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber inlet (2) is sealed by U-shaped fluororubber splicing.

5. The resin-fiber pultruded composite material dipping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber outlet (3) is connected to the forming die.

6. The resin-fiber pultruded composite material dipping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated mold (14) is wedge-shaped.

7. The resin-fiber pultruded composite material dipping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second wall panel (5) is arranged parallel to the first wall panel (4).

8. The resin-fiber pultruded composite material dipping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first wall panel (4), the third wall panel (6), the first side panel (7) and the second side panel (8) are all arranged vertically relative to the bottom panel (9), and the third wall panel (6) is arranged outwardly inclined relative to the bottom panel (9).

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