Waste dump gravity assisted heat pipe condensation section thermoelectric power generation device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of gangue dump treatment, solves the problem of stable operation of a power generation system in the existing gangue dump gravity assisted heat pipe power generation technology, and provides a gangue dump gravity assisted heat pipe condensation section temperature difference power generation device which comprises a gravity assisted heat pipe which is divided into an evaporation section, a heat insulation section and a condensation section from bottom to top. An evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe is inserted into the gangue dump; the red copper heat transfer module is externally embedded on the outer side of the condensation section of the gravity assisted heat pipe; the high-temperature surfaces of the thermoelectric power generation sheets are attached to the red copper heat transfer module, so that conversion from heat energy to electric energy is completed; the aluminum radiator is attached to the low-temperature surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet; the power generation data monitoring system is connected with the thermoelectric power generation sheet and monitors the power generation amount and the operation condition of the thermoelectric power generation sheet. The gangue dump gravity assisted heat pipe condensation section temperature difference power generation device is simple in structure and low in operation cost, and stable operation of a power generation system is guaranteed through series-parallel connection of the temperature difference power generation sheets and power generation data monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal gangue mountain treatment, and particularly relates to a temperature difference power generation device for the condensation section of a gravity heat pipe on a gangue mountain. Background Technique

[0002] Coal gangue is a waste generated during the mining and washing processes of coal mines. Due to its large amount of carbonaceous components, it is extremely prone to spontaneous combustion during the stacking process. The self - igniting coal gangue mountain not only causes waste of resources but also generates a large amount of harmful gases and soot, causing serious pollution and damage to the surrounding environment and ecology. In addition, self - igniting gangue mountains may also trigger safety accidents such as fires and explosions, threatening the lives and property safety of the people. According to statistics, the total amount of long - term accumulated coal gangue in China reaches more than several billion tons, occupying a large amount of land resources. At the same time, due to the existence of spontaneous combustion, these coal gangue mountains have become the difficulties and key points in environmental governance and ecological restoration. Therefore, how to effectively utilize and process these coal gangues has become an urgent problem to be solved. Among many energy conversion and utilization technologies, the gravity heat pipe power generation technology on gangue mountains has received extensive attention and research due to its unique advantages and potential.

[0003] A gravity heat pipe is a device that uses the natural convection and phase change process of a liquid in a gravitational field to achieve heat transfer and distribution. Its working principle is based on the liquid being heated and evaporated into a gas at the heat source, the gas rising under the action of gravity and releasing heat, and then condensing into a liquid at the cold end and flowing back to the heat source to form a closed cycle process. The gravity heat pipe power generation technology on gangue mountains can reduce the temperature of the gangue mountain, reduce the risk of spontaneous combustion, help improve environmental quality, and can also make full use of the heat resources in the gangue mountain to achieve effective utilization of energy.

[0004] However, in the gravity heat pipe power generation technology on gangue mountains, how to ensure the stable operation of the power generation system and how to improve the heat transfer efficiency of the gravity heat pipe are key problems that need to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem of the stable operation of the power generation system in the gravity heat pipe power generation technology on gangue mountains, the utility model provides a temperature difference power generation device for the condensation section of a gravity heat pipe on a gangue mountain.

[0006] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions: A temperature difference power generation device for the condensation section of a gravity heat pipe on a gangue mountain, comprising: a gravity heat pipe, which is divided into an evaporation section, an adiabatic section and a condensation section from bottom to top; the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe is inserted into the interior of the gangue mountain to export the heat energy in the gangue mountain;

[0007] A copper heat transfer module, which is externally embedded on the outer side of the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe to transfer the heat energy released by the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe;

[0008] Multiple thermoelectric generators, the high-temperature surface of the thermoelectric generator is attached to the copper heat transfer module to complete the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy;

[0009] An aluminum radiator, the aluminum radiator is attached to the low-temperature surface of the thermoelectric generator, and the aluminum radiator is placed in the air. By relying on air flow, the purpose of cooling is achieved;

[0010] A power generation data monitoring system, the power generation data monitoring system is connected to the thermoelectric generator to monitor the power generation amount and the operation status of the thermoelectric generator.

[0011] Furthermore, the multiple thermoelectric generators are used in series and parallel to form a thermoelectric power generation array system.

[0012] Furthermore, the power generation data monitoring system includes a main control circuit, a voltage sampling module, and a current sampling module; the voltage sampling module and the current sampling module collect the voltage and current analog signals output by the thermoelectric power generation array system and transmit them to the main control circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the main control circuit uses a DSP processing chip of the TMS320F28335 model.

[0014] Furthermore, the voltage sampling module and the current sampling module use a multimeter as a sampling sensor.

[0015] Furthermore, the power generation data monitoring system further includes a boost module and an energy storage module; the boost module boosts a part of the electrical energy generated by the semiconductor thermoelectric generator and transmits it to the energy storage module for storage, and boosts a part of it to supply power to the voltage sampling module and the current sampling module.

[0016] Furthermore, the copper heat transfer module is in the shape of a hexagonal prism.

[0017] Furthermore, a heat-conducting silicone grease is applied on the thermoelectric generator.

[0018] Furthermore, temperature measurement points are provided on the condensation section, the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe and the low-temperature surface of the thermoelectric generator, and the temperature measurement points use K-type thermocouples to transmit the required temperature information.

[0019] Furthermore, the thermoelectric generator is a semiconductor thermoelectric generator.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0021] 1. While realizing the cooling inside the waste rock mountain, it can also complete the extraction of thermal energy from the waste rock mountain by the gravity heat pipe and convert it into electrical energy. The electrical energy can be transmitted to the energy storage device and can also be supplied to the wireless sensors of the power generation data monitoring system, making full use of the heat of the waste rock mountain and saving energy.

[0022] 2. The thermoelectric power generation device in the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe on the gangue hill has a simple structure and low operating cost. By connecting multiple thermoelectric power generation chips in series and parallel, the stable operation of the power generation system is ensured.

[0023] 3. The power generation data monitoring system collects and monitors the power generation amount and operating conditions of the thermoelectric power generation chips. Once a fault is detected, it can be maintained in a timely manner;

[0024] 4. The main control circuit controls the boost module to boost and store the received electric energy. By setting the main control circuit, the maximization of power generation efficiency is achieved. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the thermoelectric power generation device in the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe on the gangue hill of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic top view of the thermoelectric power generation device in the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the power generation data monitoring system of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 is the working process of the power generation data monitoring system of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 is the flow chart of the ADC sampling interrupt program of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 is the flow chart of the PWM generation interrupt subroutine of the present utility model;

[0031] In the figure: 1. Copper heat transfer module; 2. Aluminum radiator; 3. Thermoelectric power generation chip; 4. Gravity heat pipe; 5. Gangue hill; 6. Power generation data monitoring system. Detailed Embodiment

[0032] Next, the present utility model will be further clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Any technical solution using the technical solution of the present utility model, or a technical solution designed by those skilled in the art inspired by the technical solution of the present utility model and achieving the above technical effects shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0033] This embodiment provides a thermoelectric power generation device in the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe on the gangue hill, as Figure 1 - Figure 2As shown, it includes: a gravity heat pipe 4, which is divided into an evaporation section, an insulation section and a condensation section from bottom to top; the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe 4 is inserted into the inside of the waste rock pile 5, the temperature inside the waste rock pile 5 is relatively high, and contains relatively high heat energy, the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe 4 absorbs the heat energy inside the waste rock pile 5, and transmits it to the condensation section through the insulation section, so as to extract the heat energy inside the waste rock pile 5;

[0034] A copper heat transfer module 1, which is embedded outside the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe 4 to transfer heat energy released by the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe 4;

[0035] A plurality of thermoelectric power generation sheets 3, wherein the high temperature surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 3 is attached to the copper heat transfer module 1, and the thermoelectric power generation sheet 3 is a semiconductor thermoelectric power generation sheet. A plurality of the thermoelectric power generation sheets 3 are connected in series or in parallel to form a thermoelectric power generation array system to complete the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy;

[0036] An aluminum radiator 2, wherein the aluminum radiator 2 is attached to the low temperature surface of the temperature difference power generation sheet 3, and the aluminum radiator 2 is placed in the air, and relies on air flow to achieve the purpose of cooling;

[0037] The power generation data monitoring system 6 is connected to the thermoelectric power generation sheet 3 to monitor the power generation and the operation status of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 3.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the power generation data monitoring system 6 includes a main control circuit, a voltage sampling module and a current sampling module; the main control circuit of the power generation data monitoring system 6 adopts a DSP processing chip of the TMS320F28335 model, and the voltage sampling module and the current sampling module adopt a multimeter as a sampling sensor. The volume of a single thermoelectric generator is small and the output power is small. After multiple thermoelectric generators are connected in series and in parallel, a thermoelectric power generation array system is formed. The voltage sampling module and the current sampling module collect the voltage and current analog signals output by the thermoelectric power generation array system, and the analog signals are converted into digital signals through the A / D converter module in the DSP chip after conditioning.

[0039] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the power generation data monitoring system 6 also includes a boost module and an energy storage module; the boost module boosts part of the electric energy generated by the semiconductor temperature difference power generation chip and transmits it to the energy storage module for storage, and boosts part of the electric energy for use by the sampling sensors of the voltage sampling module and the current sampling module with monitoring function.

[0040] When the output voltage of the temperature difference power generation array system reaches the starting voltage of the boost module, the boost circuit starts to work, raising the output voltage of the temperature difference power generation array system to the sensor working voltage, and stimulating the sensor to work.

[0041] In the thermoelectric power generation array system, the number of series-connected and parallel-connected thermoelectric generators depends on the ratio of the heat extracted from the waste rock mountain by the gravity heat pipe to the maximum heat transfer of a single semiconductor thermoelectric generator. By connecting a sufficient number of thermoelectric generators in series and parallel, it is ensured that the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric power generation array system can meet the power supply requirements of the sensor after being boosted by the boost module.

[0042] In the boost module, the voltage amplification factor depends on the ratio of the operating voltage of the sensor to the output voltage of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator under stable temperature difference conditions.

[0043] The main control circuit load circuit can operate under direct current, and the external auxiliary power supply can meet the voltage requirements for the operation of each chip after being stepped down by the buck module.

[0044] While the load is working, the capacitor inside the main control circuit stores part of the energy so that it can act as a short-term energy source for the load when the main control circuit fails.

[0045] The main function of the power generation data monitoring system 6 is to monitor the operation of the thermoelectric generators and the power generation. Its working process is as Figure 4 shown. After the system is initialized, all interrupts are masked, and the initialization of ports such as the PWM module, ADC module, and GPIO pins is completed in sequence. Then, the system interrupt is enabled and it waits in a loop for the system to complete the call of each interrupt subroutine, and finally the MPPT control function is realized.

[0046] The ADC sampling interrupt program flow is as Figure 5 shown. When the system starts to execute the ADC sampling interrupt program, the sampling times are recorded and incremented in sequence, and the result of each sampling is read and stored. In order to overcome the influence of high-frequency noise in the analog signal, the data obtained during every 10 sampling processes is subjected to median filtering to improve the A / D conversion accuracy, and at the same time the ADC correction flag bit is set to 1. After responding to the PIE same-group interrupt, the ADC module interrupt bit is cleared, and a new round of A / D conversion operation is executed.

[0047] The PWM generation interrupt subroutine flow is as Figure 6As shown, when the system starts to execute the PWM generation interrupt subroutine, the interrupt counter starts to execute the counting command. When it is detected that the value of the ADC correction flag bit is 1, it indicates that the ADC sampling interrupt program has completed the sampling and correction work of the voltage and current signals. At this time, the duty cycle of the PWM wave that meets the conditions can be calculated through the MPPT algorithm embedded in the controller, and the data value in the comparison register is updated. The next instruction needs to reset both the ADC correction flag bit and the value of the interrupt counter. The remaining steps are similar to those of the ADC sampling interrupt program above. When it is detected that the value of the ADC correction flag bit is not 1, it indicates that the system has not completed the A / D conversion data processing operation, and the last step can be directly executed.

[0048] To ensure the power generation effect of this thermoelectric power generation device, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT), which is the hub connecting the thermoelectric power generation array system and the load circuit, is designed. The digital quantity signal converted by the A / D converter module is further processed by the control algorithm embedded in the MPPT controller and converted into a PWM signal. This PWM control signal needs to undergo the operational amplifier enhancement processing of the drive circuit module before being sent to the Boost circuit. The Boost circuit can adjust the on and off of the switching IGBT through the processed PWM control signal, so as to ensure that the external load resistance is approximately equal to the internal resistance of the actual thermoelectric power generation system, and thus achieve the purpose of keeping the output power at the peak at all times under different working conditions.

[0049] In some embodiments, the copper heat transfer module 1 is in the shape of a hexagonal prism.

[0050] In some embodiments, the thermoelectric power generation chip 3 is coated with thermal grease. This can not only reduce the contact thermal resistance with the cold source and the heat source, but also contribute to heat dissipation.

[0051] In some embodiments, temperature measurement points are arranged on the condensation section, evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe 4 and the low-temperature surface of the thermoelectric power generation chip 3 to monitor and collect relevant temperature data, and to avoid the high-temperature surface of the thermoelectric power generation chip 3 contacting a high temperature above 250°C for a long time. The temperature measurement points use K-type thermocouples to transmit the required temperature information.

[0052] In some embodiments, the joints of all components of this thermoelectric power generation device with the gravity heat pipe condensation section on the waste rock mountain are covered with insulating materials, and the power generation data monitoring system 6 is set in the distribution box to prevent the occurrence of rain leakage and electric leakage problems, and to ensure that this thermoelectric power generation device can work outdoors for a long time, stably and efficiently.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature difference power generation device for the condensation section of a waste rock pile gravity heat pipe, characterized in that: include: A gravity heat pipe (4), wherein the gravity heat pipe (4) is divided into an evaporation section, an insulation section and a condensation section from bottom to top; the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe (4) is inserted into the interior of the waste rock pile (5) to extract heat energy from the waste rock pile (5); A copper heat transfer module (1), wherein the copper heat transfer module (1) is embedded outside the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe (4) to transfer heat energy released by the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe (4); A plurality of temperature difference power generation sheets (3), wherein the high temperature surface of the temperature difference power generation sheets (3) is bonded to the copper heat transfer module (1) to complete the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy; An aluminum heat sink (2), the aluminum heat sink (2) being bonded to the low-temperature surface of the temperature difference power generation sheet (3), the aluminum heat sink (2) being placed in the air and achieving a cooling purpose by relying on air flow; A power generation data monitoring system (6), the power generation data monitoring system (6) is connected to the temperature difference power generation sheet (3) to monitor the power generation amount and the operation status of the temperature difference power generation sheet (3).

2. The temperature difference power generation device of the condensation section of a waste rock pile gravity heat pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of the temperature difference power generation sheets (3) are connected in series or in parallel to form a temperature difference power generation array system.

3. The temperature difference power generation device of the condensation section of a waste rock pile gravity heat pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The power generation data monitoring system (6) comprises a main control circuit, a voltage sampling module and a current sampling module; the voltage sampling module and the current sampling module collect voltage and current analog signals output by the temperature difference power generation array system and transmit them to the main control circuit.

4. The temperature difference power generation device of the condensation section of a waste rock pile gravity heat pipe according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The main control circuit adopts TMS320F28335 DSP processing chip.

5. The temperature difference power generation device of the condensation section of a waste rock pile gravity heat pipe according to claim 3 is characterized by: The voltage sampling module and the current sampling module use a multimeter as a sampling sensor.

6. The temperature difference power generation device of the condensation section of a waste rock pile gravity heat pipe according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power generation data monitoring system (6) also includes a boost module and an energy storage module; the boost module boosts a portion of the electric energy generated by the semiconductor temperature difference power generation chip and transmits it to the energy storage module for storage, and boosts a portion of the electric energy to power the voltage sampling module and the current sampling module.

7. The temperature difference power generation device of the condensation section of a waste rock pile gravity heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper heat transfer module (1) is in the shape of a hexagonal prism.

8. The temperature difference power generation device of the condensation section of a waste rock pile gravity heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature difference power generation sheet (3) is coated with thermal conductive silicone grease.

9. The temperature difference power generation device of the condensation section of a waste rock pile gravity heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensation section, evaporation section and low-temperature surface of the temperature difference power generation sheet (3) of the gravity heat pipe (4) are provided with temperature measuring points, and the temperature measuring points use K-type thermocouples to transmit required temperature information.

10. The temperature difference power generation device of the condensation section of a waste rock pile gravity heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature difference power generation sheet (3) is a semiconductor temperature difference power generation sheet.

Images