Switching circuit and automobile
By controlling the circuit to different states and utilizing the operating region of semiconductor field-effect transistors, the problem of voltage drop caused by sudden current in automotive switching circuits was solved, achieving stable power supply and normal operation of the equipment, while reducing circuit design space and cost.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423218586.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-25
AI Technical Summary
Existing automotive switching circuits generate a large inrush current when turned on, causing a significant voltage drop in the power supply circuit and affecting the normal operation of equipment requiring precise voltage.
The control circuit divides the state of the connection circuit into a first state, a second state, and a third state. By utilizing the subthreshold and linear operating regions of the semiconductor field-effect transistor, the charging process of the capacitor is controlled, reducing the generation of inrush current.
When switching circuits are turned on, the impact of inrush current is reduced to ensure stable power supply circuit voltage, prevent abnormal operation of electrical equipment, reduce voltage drop in power supply circuits, and reduce circuit design space and cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN223786036U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of automobile electronic technology, especially to a switching circuit and automobile. BACKGROUND
[0002] The switching circuit of the existing automobile has a capacitor load, so a large inrush current is generated in the moment of turning on the switching circuit, and the voltage of the power supply circuit is greatly dropped in a period of time due to the influence of the large inrush current, which causes the power-consuming equipment requiring accurate voltage to enter an abnormal working state. SUMMARY
[0003] The embodiment of the utility model provides a switching circuit and automobile, and aims at reducing the influence of the inrush current on the switching circuit.
[0004] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a switching circuit. The switching circuit comprises a connection circuit and a control circuit; the first end of the connection circuit is used for coupling a power supply circuit, the second end of the connection circuit is used for coupling a power-consuming circuit, and the third end of the connection circuit is coupled to the control circuit; the control circuit is configured to: in response to a received control signal, control the connection circuit to switch from a first state to a second state, and make the connection circuit switch from the second state to a third state after a preset time; when in the first state, the voltage of the third end of the connection circuit is greater than the voltage of the third end of the connection circuit when in the second state; when in the second state, the voltage of the third end of the connection circuit is greater than the voltage of the third end of the connection circuit when in the third state.
[0005] The switching circuit provided in the application comprises a connection circuit and a control circuit, and the control circuit realizes conduction control among the power supply circuit, the connection circuit and the power consumption circuit. The capacitance in the switching circuit is the key reason for causing the inrush current. The greater the voltage change rate of the capacitance is, the greater the inrush current is, and the more obvious the voltage drop of the power supply circuit is. The application divides the connection state between the connection circuit and the power supply circuit and the power consumption circuit into a first state, a second state and a third state through the control circuit. In the first state, the connection circuit and the power supply circuit and the power consumption circuit cannot form a closed loop. In the second state, the impedance of the connection circuit is large, and only a low voltage in the power supply circuit can be used to charge the capacitance. After a preset time, the control circuit controls the connection circuit to enter the third state, the impedance of the connection circuit is reduced, and the power supply circuit truly starts to supply power to the power consumption circuit through the connection circuit. Since only a low voltage in the power supply circuit can be used to charge the capacitance in the second state, the voltage change rate of the capacitance is low, the inrush current generated is small, and therefore the voltage of the power supply circuit will not drop sharply in a period of time after the switching circuit is turned on due to the influence of the large inrush current. The power consumption equipment can receive the voltage in the normal range, and therefore can work normally.
[0006] As a possible implementation manner, the connection circuit comprises a first switch tube; a first pole of the first switch tube is coupled with the power supply circuit, a second pole of the first switch tube is coupled with the control circuit, and a third pole of the first switch tube is coupled with the power consumption circuit; when the connection circuit is in the first state, the first switch tube is in a sub-threshold working region, and when the connection circuit is in the second state, the first switch tube is in a linear working region.
[0007] As a possible implementation manner, the control circuit comprises a first control circuit and a second control circuit, and the connection circuit further comprises a first resistor; a first end of the first resistor is coupled with a first end of the connection circuit, and a second end of the first resistor is coupled with a third end of the connection circuit; a first end of the first control circuit is used for receiving a control signal, a second end of the first control circuit is coupled with the third end of the connection circuit, and a third end of the first control circuit is coupled with a ground end; a first end of the second control circuit is coupled with the first end of the first control circuit, a second end of the second control circuit is coupled with the ground end, and a third end of the second control circuit is coupled with the third end of the connection circuit.
[0008] As a possible implementation manner, the first control circuit comprises a second switch tube, a second resistor, a third resistor and a fourth resistor; a control electrode of the second switch tube is coupled with the first end of the first control circuit through the third resistor, a first electrode of the second switch tube is coupled with the second end of the first control circuit through the second resistor, a second electrode of the second switch tube is coupled with a ground terminal, a first end of the fourth resistor is connected with the control electrode of the second switch tube, and a second end of the fourth resistor is coupled with the ground terminal; the second control circuit comprises a third switch tube, a fifth resistor, a first capacitor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor and a ninth resistor; a first end of the fifth resistor is coupled with the first end of the second control circuit, a second end of the fifth resistor is connected with a first electrode of the first capacitor, and a second electrode of the first capacitor is coupled with the ground terminal; a first end of the sixth resistor is coupled with the first electrode of the first capacitor, a second end of the sixth resistor is coupled with a control electrode of the third switch tube, a first electrode of the third switch tube is coupled with the second end of the second control circuit through the ninth resistor, a second electrode of the third switch tube is coupled with the ground terminal, a first end of the seventh resistor is coupled with the control electrode of the third switch tube, and a second end of the seventh resistor is coupled with the ground terminal.
[0009] As a possible implementation manner, the second control circuit further comprises a first diode and a tenth resistor; a negative electrode of the first diode is coupled with the first end of the second control circuit, a positive electrode of the first diode is coupled with a first end of the tenth resistor, and a second end of the tenth resistor is coupled with the first electrode of the first capacitor.
[0010] As a possible implementation manner, the connection circuit further comprises a second capacitor and an eleventh resistor; a first end of the eleventh resistor is coupled with the first end of the connection circuit, a second end of the eleventh resistor is coupled with a first electrode of the second capacitor, and a second electrode of the second capacitor is coupled with the third end of the connection circuit.
[0011] As a possible implementation manner, the connection circuit further comprises a third capacitor and a bleeder circuit; the third capacitor is connected in parallel with the bleeder circuit, a first electrode of the third capacitor is coupled with the second end of the connection circuit, and a second electrode of the third capacitor is coupled with the ground terminal.
[0012] As a possible implementation manner, the bleeder circuit comprises at least one bleeder resistor, and in the case that the bleeder circuit comprises at least two bleeder resistors, the at least two bleeder resistors are connected in parallel.
[0013] As a possible implementation manner, the bleeder circuit comprises a first bleeder resistor, a second bleeder resistor and a third bleeder resistor; a first end of the first bleeder resistor is coupled with the second end of the connection circuit, and a second end of the first bleeder resistor is coupled with the ground terminal; a first end of the second bleeder resistor is coupled with the second end of the connection circuit, and a second end of the second bleeder resistor is coupled with the ground terminal; a first end of the third bleeder resistor is coupled with the second end of the connection circuit, and a second end of the third bleeder resistor is coupled with the ground terminal.
[0014] As a possible implementation, the preset time is related to the capacitance of the first capacitor, the turn-on threshold voltage of the first switch tube, the turn-on threshold voltage of the third switch tube, the resistance values of the second resistor, the third resistor and the ninth resistor.
[0015] In a second aspect, the application further provides an automobile, which comprises a power supply circuit, a power consumption circuit and the switching circuit as described in the first aspect and possible implementation manners thereof. The switching circuit is connected with the power supply circuit, and the switching circuit is connected with the power consumption circuit. The beneficial effects of the second aspect are described in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the switching circuit is provided in the present application;
[0017] Figure 2 A composition schematic diagram of the switching circuit is provided in the present application;
[0018] Figure 3 A composition schematic diagram of another switching circuit is provided in the present application;
[0019] Figure 4 A composition schematic diagram of another switching circuit is provided in the present application;
[0020] Figure 5 A composition schematic diagram of another switching circuit is provided in the present application;
[0021] Figure 6 A composition schematic diagram of the automobile is provided in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0023] The terms "first", "second" are only used for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.
[0024] In the description of the utility model, it is necessary to explain that, unless there are explicit provisions and limitations, the terms "coupling", "coupling", "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixed connection, or it can be detachable connection, or integral connection, it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, it can be the communication inside two elements, for ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.In addition, when describing the pipeline or channel, "connection" and "connection" used in the application have the meaning of conducting.In the specific meaning, it needs to be understood in combination with the context.
[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, the words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to represent an example, illustration or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. In fact, the words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are intended to present the relevant concept in a specific way.
[0026] The switch circuit is a basic electronic circuit, which functions to realize the on-off of the circuit through the control of the switching element, thereby controlling the flow of current. The switch circuit is widely used in electronic devices, such as power supply control, signal processing, digital logic circuit, etc.
[0027] The switch circuit is usually connected with the power supply circuit and the power consuming device, and when the switch circuit is turned on, the power supply circuit supplies power to the power consuming device, and when the switch circuit is turned off, the power supply circuit stops supplying power to the power consuming device.
[0028] In the existing switch circuit of the automobile, due to the existence of the capacitor load, at the moment when the switch circuit is turned on, the capacitor starts charging, and since the voltage of the power supply circuit is large and the initial voltage of the capacitor is small, for example, 0, the voltage change rate of the capacitor is large, which will generate a large charging current, i.e. a rush-in current. The large rush-in current will cause the voltage of the power supply circuit to drop sharply within a certain period of time when the switch circuit is turned on, so that the power consuming device requiring accurate voltage enters an abnormal working state due to receiving a lower voltage.
[0029] Therefore, the present application provides a switch circuit, for example, Figure 1As shown in the figure. The switch circuit 100 comprises a connection circuit 1 and a control circuit 2. The first end 1-1 of the connection circuit 1 is used for coupling the power supply circuit 3, the second end 1-2 of the connection circuit 1 is used for coupling the power consumption circuit 4, and the third end 1-3 of the connection circuit 1 is coupled to the control circuit 2. The control circuit 2 is configured to: in response to the received control signal, control the connection circuit 1 to switch from the first state to the second state, and make the connection circuit 1 switch from the second state to the third state after a preset time. When in the first state, the voltage at the third end 1-3 of the connection circuit 1 is greater than the voltage at the third end 1-3 of the connection circuit 1 when in the second state; when in the second state, the voltage at the third end 1-3 of the connection circuit 1 is greater than the voltage at the third end 1-3 of the connection circuit 1 when in the third state.
[0030] The switch circuit 100 provided by the present application comprises a connection circuit 1 and a control circuit 2, and the control circuit 2 realizes the conduction control among the power supply circuit 3, the connection circuit 1 and the power consumption circuit 4. Since the capacitance in the switch circuit 100 is the key reason for causing the inrush current. The greater the voltage change rate of the capacitance, the greater the inrush current generated, and the more obvious the voltage drop of the power supply circuit 3. However, the present application divides the connection state between the connection circuit 1 and the power supply circuit 3 and the power consumption circuit 4 into the first state, the second state and the third state through the control circuit 2. In the first state, the connection circuit 1 and the power supply circuit 3 and the power consumption circuit 4 cannot form a closed loop. In the second state, the impedance of the connection circuit 1 is large, and only a low voltage in the power supply circuit 3 can be used to charge the capacitance. After a preset time, the control circuit 2 controls the connection circuit 1 to enter the third state, the impedance of the connection circuit 1 is reduced, and the power supply circuit 3 really starts to supply power to the power consumption circuit 4 through the connection circuit 1. Since in the second state, only a low voltage in the power supply circuit 3 can be used to charge the capacitance, the voltage change rate of the capacitance is low, the inrush current generated is small, and therefore the voltage of the power supply circuit 3 will not drop sharply due to the influence of the large inrush current within a period of time after the switch circuit 100 is turned on. The power consumption equipment can receive the voltage within the normal range, and therefore can work normally.
[0031] As a possible implementation manner, an example is shown in the figure. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the connection circuit 1 comprises a first switch tube 11. The first pole of the first switch tube 11 is coupled to the power supply circuit 3, the second pole of the first switch tube 11 is coupled to the control circuit 2, and the third pole of the first switch tube 11 is coupled to the power consumption circuit 4. When the connection circuit 1 is in the first state, the first switch tube 11 is in the sub-threshold working region, and when the connection circuit 1 is in the second state, the first switch tube 11 is in the linear working region.
[0032] The first switch tube 11 is a semiconductor field effect transistor, for example, a P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor. The first pole, the second pole and the third pole of the first switch tube 11 are the source, the gate and the drain of the P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor respectively.
[0033] The sub-threshold operation region and the linear operation region are both operation regions of the semiconductor field effect transistor, and the sub-threshold operation region and the linear operation region represent the on state of the semiconductor field effect transistor under different gate-source voltages.
[0034] When the gate-source voltage is lower than the on threshold voltage of the semiconductor field effect transistor but close to the on threshold voltage, the semiconductor field effect transistor enters the sub-threshold operation region. When the gate-source voltage is higher than the on threshold voltage of the semiconductor field effect transistor and the drain-source voltage is relatively low, the semiconductor field effect transistor enters the linear operation region. When the semiconductor field effect transistor enters the sub-threshold operation region, the semiconductor field effect transistor can be equivalent to a resistor with very large resistance, and when the semiconductor field effect transistor enters the linear operation region, the semiconductor field effect transistor can be equivalent to a wire.
[0035] This means that when the connection circuit 1 is in the second state, although the power supply circuit 3 and the power consumption circuit 4 are turned on, because the resistance of the equivalent first switch tube 11 is very large, the access impedance is high, so only a small part of the voltage is divided to charge the capacitor in the switching circuit 100. When the connection circuit 1 is in the third state, the capacitor has been fully charged. At this time, the resistance of the equivalent first switch tube 11 is very small, which is equivalent to that the whole voltage of the power supply circuit 3 is provided to the power consumption circuit 4.
[0036] With reference to Figure 2 The control circuit 2 includes a first control circuit 21 and a second control circuit 22, and the connection circuit 1 further includes a first resistor 12. The first end of the first resistor 12 is coupled to the first end 1-1 of the connection circuit 1, and the second end of the first resistor 12 is coupled to the third end 1-3 of the connection circuit 1. The first end of the first control circuit 21 is used to receive a control signal, the second end of the first control circuit 21 is coupled to the third end 1-3 of the connection circuit 1, and the third end of the first control circuit 21 is coupled to the ground end GND. The first end of the second control circuit 22 is coupled to the first end of the first control circuit 21, the second end of the second control circuit 22 is coupled to the ground end GND, and the third end of the second control circuit 22 is coupled to the third end 1-3 of the connection circuit 1.
[0037] More specifically, for example, Figure 3The first control circuit 21 includes a second switch tube 211, a second resistor 212, a third resistor 213, and a fourth resistor 214. The control electrode of the second switch tube 211 is coupled to the first end of the first control circuit 21 through the third resistor 213, the first electrode of the second switch tube 211 is coupled to the second end of the first control circuit 21 through the second resistor 212, the second electrode of the second switch tube 211 is coupled to the ground terminal GND, the first end of the fourth resistor 214 is connected to the control electrode of the second switch tube 211, and the second end of the fourth resistor 214 is coupled to the ground terminal GND.
[0038] With reference to Figure 3 , the second control circuit 22 includes a third switch tube 221, a fifth resistor 222, a first capacitor 223, a sixth resistor 224, a seventh resistor 225, and a ninth resistor 226. The first end of the fifth resistor 222 is coupled to the first end of the second control circuit 22, the second end of the fifth resistor 222 is connected to the first electrode of the first capacitor 223, and the second electrode of the first capacitor 223 is coupled to the ground terminal GND. The first end of the sixth resistor 224 is coupled to the first electrode of the first capacitor 223, the second end of the sixth resistor 224 is coupled to the control electrode of the third switch tube 221, the first electrode of the third switch tube 221 is coupled to the second end of the second control circuit 22 through the ninth resistor 226, the second electrode of the third switch tube 221 is coupled to the ground terminal GND, the first end of the seventh resistor 225 is coupled to the control electrode of the third switch tube 221, and the second end of the seventh resistor 225 is coupled to the ground terminal GND.
[0039] As a possible implementation, the second switch tube 211 and the third switch tube 221 are triodes, the control electrode of the second switch tube 211 and the third switch tube 221 is the base of the triode, one of the first electrode of the second switch tube 211 and the third switch tube 221 is the emitter of the triode or the collector of the triode, and the other of the first electrode of the second switch tube 211 and the third switch tube 221 is the collector of the triode or the emitter of the triode.
[0040] As can be seen from Figure 3 , the source-gate voltage of the first switch tube 11 is the voltage division of the first resistor 12 in the closed loop to the power supply circuit 3. The closed loop includes the power supply circuit, the first resistor 12, the second resistor 212, the first electrode and the second electrode of the second switch tube 211, and the ground terminal GND.
[0041] In the case where the first control circuit does not receive the control signal, the second switch tube 211 is in the off state, and the closed loop cannot be formed between the power supply circuit 3 and the first resistor 12, the second resistor 212, the first electrode and the second electrode of the second switch tube 211, and the ground terminal GND, so there is no voltage division on the first resistor, the first switch tube 11 is in the off state, and the power supply circuit 3 is not conductive with the load circuit 4. At this time, the connection circuit 1 is in the first state.
[0042] In the case that the first control circuit receives the control signal, for example, receives the high level voltage signal, the high level voltage signal reaches the turn-on threshold voltage of the second switch tube 211, so that the second switch tube 211 is switched from the off state to the on state. The second resistance 212 is much larger than the first resistance 12, so most of the voltage provided by the power supply circuit 3 is divided on the second resistance 212, and the voltage divided on the first resistance 12 makes the first switch tube 11 in the sub-threshold operating region, at this time the connection circuit 1 is in the second state.
[0043] At the same time, the high level voltage signal also charges the first capacitor 223 through the fifth resistance 222. When the first capacitor 223 is fully charged, it is discharged through the sixth resistance 224 and the third switch tube 221. Under the action of the high level voltage signal and the discharge of the first capacitor 223, the third switch tube 221 is switched from the off state to the on state, so that a closed loop is formed from the third end 1-3 of the connection circuit 1 to the first and second poles of the third switch tube 221 and the ground terminal GND, and the resistance of the ninth resistance 226 in parallel with the second resistance 212 becomes smaller, the voltage divided by the power supply circuit 3 becomes smaller, and the voltage divided by the first resistance 12 becomes larger, so that the first switch tube 11 enters the linear operating region, at this time the connection circuit 1 is in the third state.
[0044] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 The second control circuit 22 further includes a first diode 227 and a tenth resistance 228. The negative pole of the first diode 227 is coupled to the first end of the second control circuit 22, the positive pole of the first diode 227 is coupled to the first end of the tenth resistance 228, and the second end of the tenth resistance 228 is coupled to the first pole of the first capacitor 223. The first diode 227 and the tenth resistance 228 play a role in preventing reverse.
[0045] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 The connection circuit 1 further includes a second capacitor 13 and an eleventh resistance 14. The first end of the eleventh resistance 14 is coupled to the first end of the connection circuit 1, the second end of the eleventh resistance 14 is coupled to the first pole of the second capacitor 13, and the second pole of the second capacitor 13 is coupled to the third end of the connection circuit 1. Due to the charging and discharging characteristics of the capacitor, when the connection circuit 1 further includes the second capacitor 13, it will have a certain delay effect.
[0046] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5 The connection circuit 1 further includes a third capacitor 15 and a bleeder circuit 16. The third capacitor 15 is connected in parallel with the bleeder circuit 16, the first pole of the third capacitor 15 is coupled to the second end of the connection circuit 1, and the second pole of the third capacitor 15 is coupled to the ground terminal GND.
[0047] As a possible implementation, the bleeder circuit 16 comprises at least one bleeder resistor, and in the case that the bleeder circuit 16 comprises at least two bleeder resistors, the at least two bleeder resistors are connected in parallel.
[0048] Referring to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The case that the bleeder circuit 16 comprises three bleeder resistors, i.e. the bleeder circuit comprises a first bleeder resistor 161, a second bleeder resistor 162 and a third bleeder resistor 163, is shown in FIG. 1. The first end of the first bleeder resistor 161 is coupled to the second end 1-2 of the connection circuit 1, and the second end of the first bleeder resistor 161 is coupled to the ground end GND. The first end of the second bleeder resistor 162 is coupled to the second end 1-2 of the connection circuit 1, and the second end of the second bleeder resistor 162 is coupled to the ground end GND. The first end of the third bleeder resistor 163 is coupled to the second end 1-2 of the connection circuit 1, and the second end of the third bleeder resistor 163 is coupled to the ground end GND.
[0049] It is because of the presence of the third capacitor 15 in the connection circuit 1 that the inrush current is generated at the moment when the switch circuit 100 is turned on. When the switch circuit 100 is turned off and the power supply circuit 3 no longer supplies power to the powered circuit 4, the voltage stored on the third capacitor 15 is discharged to the ground end GND through the bleeder circuit 16, thereby protecting the powered circuit 4.
[0050] Referring to Figure 5 , the aforementioned, after a preset time, the connection circuit will change from the second state to the third state, and the preset time is related to the capacitance of the first capacitor 223, the turn-on threshold voltage of the first switch tube 11, the turn-on threshold voltage of the third switch tube 221, the resistance values of the second resistor 212, the third resistor 213 and the ninth resistor 226. The second resistor 212 and the ninth resistor 226 will affect the voltage division of the power supply circuit 3, and the voltage division size after the second resistor 212 and the ninth resistor 226 are connected in parallel determines whether the first switch tube 11 can enter the linear working region from the sub-threshold working region. The capacitance of the first capacitor 223 determines the time required for charging, and only after the first capacitor 223 is fully charged, the third switch tube 221 can enter the on state from the off state, and the ninth resistor 226 is connected to the circuit.
[0051] As shown in Figure 6 , the application also provides an automobile 200, which comprises a power supply circuit 3, a powered circuit 4 and a switch circuit 100 as described above. The switch circuit 100 is connected to the power supply circuit 3, and the switch circuit 100 is connected to the powered circuit 4.
[0052] Since the switch circuit provided by the application can reduce the inrush current, the voltage of the power supply circuit 3 will not drop sharply due to the influence of the large inrush current in the time period when the switch circuit 100 is turned on, and the power consumption device in the power consumption circuit 4 can receive the voltage within the normal range and thus can work normally.
[0053] In addition, since the conduction state of the connection circuit in the switch circuit provided by the application changes from partial conduction to full conduction, that is, from the second state to the third state, a certain time is required, that is, a preset time length is required. Therefore, in the case that multiple power consumption circuits are connected in parallel at the first end of the connection circuit, the same power supply circuit 3 is required for power supply, and there is a power consumption circuit that requires timing requirements, the switch circuit 100 provided by the application can reduce the number of power supply circuits 3, thereby reducing the cost, reducing the layout space of the circuit design, and reducing the space required for the power supply system of the automobile 200, thereby helping to make the automobile 200 lighter and thinner.
[0054] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A switching circuit, characterized by, The switch circuit comprises a connection circuit and a control circuit; a first end of the connection circuit is configured to be coupled to a power supply circuit, a second end of the connection circuit is configured to be coupled to a power consumption circuit, and a third end of the connection circuit is coupled to the control circuit; the control circuit is configured to control the connection circuit to switch from a first state to a second state in response to a received control signal, and to control the connection circuit to switch from the second state to a third state after a preset time; a voltage at the third end of the connection circuit in the first state is greater than a voltage at the third end of the connection circuit in the second state, and a voltage at the third end of the connection circuit in the second state is greater than a voltage at the third end of the connection circuit in the third state.
2. The switching circuit of claim 1, wherein The connection circuit comprises a first switch tube; a first pole of the first switch tube is coupled to the power supply circuit, a second pole of the first switch tube is coupled to the control circuit, and a third pole of the first switch tube is coupled to the power consumption circuit; when the connection circuit is in the first state, the first switch tube is in a sub-threshold operating region, and when the connection circuit is in the second state, the first switch tube is in a linear operating region.
3. The switching circuit of claim 2, wherein The control circuit comprises a first control circuit and a second control circuit, and the connection circuit further comprises a first resistor; a first end of the first resistor is coupled to a first end of the connection circuit, and a second end of the first resistor is coupled to a third end of the connection circuit; a first end of the first control circuit is configured to receive a control signal, a second end of the first control circuit is coupled to the third end of the connection circuit, and a third end of the first control circuit is coupled to a ground end; a first end of the second control circuit is coupled to a first end of the first control circuit, a second end of the second control circuit is coupled to the ground end, and a third end of the second control circuit is coupled to the third end of the connection circuit.
4. The switching circuit of claim 3, wherein The first control circuit comprises a second switch tube, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor; a control pole of the second switch tube is coupled to the first end of the first control circuit through the third resistor, a first pole of the second switch tube is coupled to the second end of the first control circuit through the second resistor, a second pole of the second switch tube is coupled to the ground end, a first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the control pole of the second switch tube, and a second end of the fourth resistor is coupled to the ground end; the second control circuit comprises a third switch tube, a fifth resistor, a first capacitor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and a ninth resistor; The first end of the fifth resistor is coupled with the first end of the second control circuit, the second end of the fifth resistor is connected with the first pole of the first capacitor, and the second pole of the first capacitor is coupled with the ground end; the first end of the sixth resistor is coupled with the first pole of the first capacitor, the second end of the sixth resistor is coupled with the control pole of the third switch tube, the first pole of the third switch tube is coupled with the second end of the second control circuit through the ninth resistor, the second pole of the third switch tube is coupled with the ground end, the first end of the seventh resistor is coupled with the control pole of the third switch tube, and the second end of the seventh resistor is coupled with the ground end.
5. The switching circuit of claim 4, wherein, The second control circuit further comprises a first diode and a tenth resistor; The negative pole of the first diode is coupled with the first end of the second control circuit, the positive pole of the first diode is coupled with the first end of the tenth resistor, and the second end of the tenth resistor is coupled with the first pole of the first capacitor.
6. The switching circuit of claim 4, wherein, The connection circuit further comprises a second capacitor and an eleventh resistor; The first end of the eleventh resistor is coupled with the first end of the connection circuit, the second end of the eleventh resistor is coupled with the first pole of the second capacitor, and the second pole of the second capacitor is coupled with the third end of the connection circuit.
7. The switching circuit of claim 2, wherein The connection circuit further comprises a third capacitor and a bleeder circuit; The third capacitor is connected in parallel with the bleeder circuit, the first pole of the third capacitor is coupled with the second end of the connection circuit, and the second pole of the third capacitor is coupled with the ground end.
8. The switching circuit of claim 7, wherein, The bleeder circuit comprises at least one bleeder resistor, and in the case that the bleeder circuit comprises at least two bleeder resistors, the at least two bleeder resistors are connected in parallel.
9. The switching circuit of claim 8, wherein, The bleeder circuit comprises a first bleeder resistor, a second bleeder resistor and a third bleeder resistor; The first end of the first bleeder resistor is coupled with the second end of the connection circuit, and the second end of the first bleeder resistor is coupled with the ground end; the first end of the second bleeder resistor is coupled with the second end of the connection circuit, and the second end of the second bleeder resistor is coupled with the ground end; the first end of the third bleeder resistor is coupled with the second end of the connection circuit, and the second end of the third bleeder resistor is coupled with the ground end.
10. The switching circuit according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that, The preset time is related to the capacitance of the first capacitor, the conduction threshold voltage of the first switch tube, the conduction threshold voltage of the third switch tube, the resistance of the second resistor, the resistance of the third resistor and the resistance of the ninth resistor.
11. An automobile characterized by comprising: The automobile comprises a power supply circuit, a power consumption circuit and a switching circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1-10. The switching circuit is connected with the power supply circuit, and the switching circuit is connected with the power consumption circuit. The automobile comprises a power supply circuit, a power consumption circuit and a switching circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1-10. The switching circuit is connected with the power supply circuit, and the switching circuit is connected with the power consumption circuit.