Fixture for grinding shaft sleeve parts

Abstract

A clamp for grinding shaft sleeve type parts relates to the field of shaft sleeve type part grinding devices and comprises an annular support, a plurality of supporting columns distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner circle face of the annular support and an adjusting mechanism used for controlling the supporting columns to move in the radial direction, and a clamping space used for clamping the shaft sleeve type parts to be ground is defined by the inner ends of the supporting columns. A detachable abrasion-resistant layer is arranged at the position, corresponding to the inner end face of the supporting column, of the outer wall face of the shaft sleeve type part, the hardness of the abrasion-resistant layer is larger than that of the shaft sleeve type part, and the abrasion-resistant layer can rotate along with the shaft sleeve type part. The grinding device can solve the problem that in the grinding process of low-hardness shaft sleeve parts, the outer wall faces of the parts are prone to being scratched.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of axle sleeve class spare grinding device, specifically a kind of fixture for axle sleeve class spare grinding. BACKGROUND

[0002] When grinding axle sleeve class spare, it is usually clamped by fixture, and the fixture is supported on the outer surface of the spare through fulcrum, and the spare rotates during grinding.

[0003] The hardness of part of axle sleeve class spare is lower than HRC35, such as shell, long spacer and the like. These low-hardness axle sleeve class spare is prone to scratch the outer surface of the spare due to its low hardness during grinding. Moreover, as the processing time is prolonged, the depth of scratch is gradually deepened, which leads to the decrease of rotation accuracy of the spare and the increasingly obvious runout, and finally adversely affects the grinding accuracy.

[0004] In the prior art, a flexible wear-resistant layer is usually arranged on the inner side of the fulcrum of the fixture to reduce the scratch of the fulcrum on the outer surface of the spare. However, after the flexible wear-resistant layer is arranged, the outer surface of the axle sleeve class spare still needs to be in direct contact with the corresponding flexible wear-resistant layer and move relatively, and the risk of friction and scratch on the outer surface of the axle sleeve class spare still exists. Moreover, if the material of the flexible wear-resistant layer is too soft, the flexible wear-resistant layer is prone to compression deformation under the action of the gravity and the rotational centrifugal force of the axle sleeve class spare, so that the axle sleeve class spare is eccentric when rotating, thereby affecting the grinding accuracy of the spare. If the material of the flexible wear-resistant layer is relatively hard, the relatively hard wear-resistant layer is still in contact with the spare with low hardness and moves relatively, so there is still a great risk of scratch. SUMMARY

[0005] The utility model aims at providing a fixture for grinding axle sleeve class spare to solve the problem that the outer wall of the spare is prone to scratch during grinding of low-hardness axle sleeve class spare.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the specific scheme as follows: a fixture for grinding axle sleeve class spare, comprising an annular support, a plurality of struts distributed along the inner circumferential surface of the annular support in a circumferential direction at intervals, and an adjusting mechanism for controlling the radial movement of the struts, the inner ends of the plurality of struts enclose a clamping space for clamping the axle sleeve class spare to be ground, and a detachable wear-resistant layer is arranged at the position corresponding to the outer wall of the axle sleeve class spare and the inner end surface of the strut, the hardness of the wear-resistant layer is greater than that of the axle sleeve class spare, and the wear-resistant layer can rotate with the axle sleeve class spare.

[0007] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the hardness of the wear-resistant layer is greater than HRC55, and the thickness is 0.4-0.8mm.

[0008] As a further optimization of the above technical solutions, the wear-resistant layer is annular and the number of wear-resistant layers is multiple, and the multiple wear-resistant layers are distributed along the axial direction of the shaft sleeve type part.

[0009] As a further optimization of the above technical solutions, the inner end of the support is provided with a bearing, and the axial direction of the bearing is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft sleeve type part.

[0010] As a further optimization of the above technical solutions, the adjusting mechanism comprises a sleeve fixed to the outer surface of the annular support and an adjusting rod slidingly arranged in the sleeve, the support is fixed to the inner end of the adjusting rod, the outer end of the adjusting rod is located outside the sleeve, and a positioning bolt capable of being inserted into the inner cavity of the sleeve and abutting against the adjusting rod is arranged on the cylinder wall of the sleeve.

[0011] As a further optimization of the above technical solutions, a positioning groove adapted to the positioning bolt is formed on the adjusting rod, and the positioning groove is long strip-shaped and formed along the length direction of the adjusting rod.

[0012] As a further optimization of the above technical solutions, the end of the positioning bolt is hemispherical, and the groove bottom of the positioning groove is concave arc-shaped, or the end of the positioning bolt and the groove bottom of the positioning groove are both flat.

[0013] As a further optimization of the above technical solutions, the adjusting mechanism comprises a sleeve fixed to the outer surface of the annular support and a threaded adjusting screw installed in the sleeve, the outer end of the support is located in the sleeve and rotationally connected to the inner end of the adjusting screw, the support and the adjusting screw are coaxially arranged, a strip-shaped hole is formed along the axial direction of the sleeve, and the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to a threaded hole formed on the support after passing through the strip-shaped hole.

[0014] As a further optimization of the above technical solutions, the annular support comprises two arc-shaped segments with opposite openings, one end of the two arc-shaped segments is hingedly connected, and the other end of the two arc-shaped segments is provided with a connecting block and is installed with a locking mechanism for locking the two arc-shaped segments.

[0015] As a further optimization of the above technical solutions, a U-shaped opening with an outward opening is formed on each of the two connecting blocks, a locking bolt is rotationally connected in one of the U-shaped openings, the locking bolt can be rotated into the other U-shaped opening, and the two arc-shaped segments are locked by rotating a connected locking nut.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. The utility model discloses a detachable wear -resisting layer is arranged between the shaft sleeve type part and the support, and the inner end face of the support is abutted on the wear -resisting layer, avoids the direct contact of the shaft sleeve type part and the support inner end. In the grinding process, the shaft sleeve type part high -speed revolves and rotates relative with the support, because the wear -resisting layer has higher hardness and wear -resisting characteristics, makes the support difficult to cause the scratch or scratch on its surface. Therefore, the shaft sleeve type part can keep higher revolving accuracy throughout the whole grinding process, ensures the processing quality. In addition, even if the support inner end produces the tiny scratch to the wear -resisting layer, also can not influence the final product quality of the shaft sleeve type part, because after grinding is completed, will detach the wear -resisting layer and handles, to guarantee the continuity and stability of subsequent processing.

[0018] 2. The utility model discloses a adjusting mechanism for controlling the radial movement of the support, adjusting the support to adjust the clamping space size of the clamped shaft sleeve type part to be ground, to adapt to the shaft sleeve type part of different diameters, after installing the shaft sleeve type part on the fixture, can adjust the support radially to fine -tune the position of the shaft sleeve type part.

[0019] 3. By setting sleeve on the outer surface of the annular support and setting adjusting rod in the sleeve, the support is fixed to the inner end of the adjusting rod, and pushing the adjusting rod into the sleeve can control the radial movement of the support, after the support reaches the target position, the inner end is abutted on the side wall of the adjusting rod by twisting the positioning bolt to lock the adjusting rod, and then control the length of the support extending inside the annular support.

[0020] By opening the positioning groove along the length direction of the adjusting rod, on the one hand, the positioning screw can be inserted into the positioning groove to constrain the adjusting rod in the circumferential direction, avoiding the circumferential rotation of the adjusting rod when sliding axially in the sleeve, on the other hand, when locking the position of the adjusting rod, the positioning screw is abutted on the groove bottom of the positioning groove, compared with the way of abutting the end of the positioning screw on the side wall of the adjusting rod, the contact area is increased, and the stability of the clamp after locking is enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is the side view schematic drawing of example 1;

[0022] Figure 2 It is the side view schematic drawing of example 1;

[0023] Figure 3 It is the side view schematic drawing of example 3;

[0024] Figure 4 It is the top view schematic drawing of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 It is the three-dimensional structure schematic drawing of the utility model;

[0026] Reference numerals: 1. Annular bracket; 101. Arc-shaped segment; 102. First mounting shaft; 2. Bushing-type part; 3. Wear-resistant layer; 4. Support column; 5. Adjustment mechanism; 501. Sleeve; 502. Adjusting rod; 503. Handle; 504. Positioning groove; 505. Positioning bolt; 506. Adjusting screw; 507. Strip hole; 508. Adjusting bolt; 509. Scale; 6. Bearing; 7. Locking mechanism; 701. End plate; 702. Locking nut; 703. Locking bolt; 704. Second mounting shaft; 705. U-shaped opening; 8. Connecting block. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Parts not described or disclosed in detail in the following embodiments of this utility model should be understood as prior art known or should be known by those skilled in the art, such as the installation method of the fixture on the grinding device, the method of driving the rotation of bushing-type parts, and the specific grinding method of bushing-type parts.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model discloses a fixture for grinding bushing-type parts, including an annular support 1, a plurality of support columns 4 evenly distributed along the inner circumference of the annular support 1, and an adjustment mechanism 5 for controlling the radial movement of the support columns 4. The inner ends of the plurality of support columns 4 form a clamping space for clamping the bushing-type part 2 to be ground. In this embodiment, there are three support columns 4 evenly distributed along the inner circumference of the annular support 1, and each support column 4 is arranged radially along the annular support 1, with an included angle of 120° between adjacent support columns 4.

[0030] Combination Figure 5 As shown, a removable wear-resistant layer 3 is provided at a position corresponding to the inner end face of the support column 4 on the outer wall surface of the bushing-like part 2. The wear-resistant layer 3 is annular and multiple in number, and the multiple wear-resistant layers 3 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the bushing-like part 2. The hardness of the wear-resistant layer 3 is greater than the hardness of the bushing-like part 2, and the wear-resistant layer 3 can rotate with the bushing-like part 2. In this embodiment, there are two wear-resistant layers 3, which are fixed to the outer wall surface of the bushing-like part 2 by laser cladding using metal powders such as hard alloy powder or tungsten carbide powder. The hardness of the wear-resistant layer 3 is greater than HRC55, and the thickness is 0.4-0.8 mm. In use, the bushing-like part 2 is installed in two parallel and spaced clamps. The bushing-like part 2 rotates circumferentially under external force (this is prior art). The inner end face of the support column 4 of the clamp always corresponds to the annular wear-resistant layer 3, avoiding direct contact between the outer wall surface of the bushing-like part and the inner end of the support column.

[0031] like Figure 2As shown, the adjusting mechanism 5 comprises a sleeve 501 fixed on the outer surface of the annular support 1 and an adjusting rod 502 slidingly arranged in the sleeve 501, the sleeve 501 is fixed on the outer surface of the annular support 1 in a welded or integrally formed manner, and the sleeve 501, the adjusting rod 502 and the support column 4 are coaxially distributed.

[0032] The support column 4 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the adjusting rod 502, and the fixed connection can be achieved in the form of threaded connection, clamping, welding and the like. In the embodiment, the outer end of the support column 4 is provided with external threads, the inner end of the adjusting rod 502 is provided with a mounting groove coaxial with the adjusting rod 502, and the inner wall of the mounting groove is provided with internal threads matched with the external threads on the support column 4, so as to achieve the threaded connection of the adjusting rod 502 and the support column 4. The support column 4 and the adjusting rod 502 are fixed by the threaded connection, and the separation of the support column 4 and the adjusting rod 502 can also be achieved, which is convenient for replacing the support column 4 with different lengths according to actual needs.

[0033] The outer end of the adjusting rod 502 is located outside the sleeve 501 and is provided with a handle 503, and the handle 503 is pushed to move the adjusting rod 502 into the sleeve 501, so as to realize the radial movement of the support column 4. Threaded holes are formed in the cylinder wall of the sleeve 501, and a positioning bolt 505 is arranged in the threaded holes. By rotating the positioning bolt 505, the inner end of the positioning bolt 505 enters the inner cavity of the sleeve 501 after passing through the threaded hole and abuts against the side wall of the adjusting rod 502, so as to fix the adjusting rod 502; by reversely rotating the positioning bolt 505, the fixing of the adjusting rod 502 can be released, and at this time, the adjusting rod 502 can move axially along the sleeve 501.

[0034] The adjusting rod 502 is generally a cylindrical rod body, so the contact area between the inner end of the positioning bolt 505 and the rod body is small, and the fixing effect is general.

[0035] In order to further improve the fixing effect, in other embodiments of the utility model, a positioning groove 504 matched with the positioning bolt 505 is formed in the adjusting rod 502, and the positioning groove 504 is a long strip and is formed along the length direction of the adjusting rod 502. The positioning groove 504 is arranged in the following two aspects: on the one hand, the positioning bolt 505 is inserted into the positioning groove 504 to circumferentially constrain the adjusting rod 502, so as to prevent the adjusting rod 502 from rotating circumferentially when sliding axially in the sleeve 501; on the other hand, when the position of the adjusting rod 502 is locked, the positioning bolt 505 abuts against the groove bottom of the positioning groove 504, compared with directly abutting against the side wall of the adjusting rod 502, the contact area is increased, and the stability of the clamp after locking is enhanced.

[0036] In another embodiment of this utility model, the end of the positioning bolt 505 is hemispherical, and the bottom of the positioning groove 504 is an inwardly concave arc shape that matches the hemispherical shape; alternatively, both the end of the positioning bolt 505 and the bottom of the positioning groove 504 are flat. This design allows for a tighter contact between the positioning bolt 505 and the positioning groove 504, improving the locking effect.

[0037] The annular bracket 1 includes two arc-shaped segments 101 with opposite openings. One end of the two arc-shaped segments 101 is hinged through a first mounting shaft 102 (the specific mounting method is prior art), and the other end is provided with a locking mechanism 7 for locking the two arc-shaped segments 101. A rectangular connecting block 8 is provided at the end of each arc-shaped segment 101 away from the first mounting shaft 102, and the locking mechanism 7 is provided on the connecting block 8.

[0038] Combination Figure 2 , 4 As shown, both connecting blocks 8 have outward-facing U-shaped openings 705. A second mounting shaft 704, connected to the two side walls of the U-shaped opening 705, is located within one of the connecting blocks 8. The second mounting shaft 704 is axially parallel to the first mounting shaft 102. A mounting ring is provided at one end of the locking bolt 703, through which the second mounting shaft 704 passes to allow the locking bolt 703 to be rotated within the U-shaped opening 705. A locking nut 702 is threaded onto the shaft of the locking bolt 703. The length of the locking bolt 703 is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the two connecting blocks 8 to prevent the locking nut 702 from interfering with the rotation of the locking bolt 703 by touching the connecting blocks 8. When the locking bolt 703 rotates around the second mounting shaft 704 and enters the U-shaped opening 705 on the other connecting block 8, the locking nut 702 connected to the locking bolt 703 is tightened to lock the two arc-shaped segments 101.

[0039] An end plate 701 is fixed to the end of the locking bolt 703 away from the mounting ring. The end plate 701 is a circular plate with a diameter larger than that of the locking nut 702, and is fixed perpendicularly to the locking bolt 703. By setting the end plate 701, the locking nut 702 can be prevented from falling off the locking bolt 703, and the end of the locking bolt 703 away from the mounting ring can be prevented from extending beyond the locking nut 702 and being exposed, thus improving safety. The end plate 701 can also be used as a handle when rotating the locking nut 702, enhancing the convenience of operation.

[0040] In other embodiments of this utility model, the locking nut 702 is integrally formed or fixedly connected to the end plate 701. The locking nut 702 and the end plate 701 can be simultaneously disassembled or installed from the locking bolt 703 to open or lock the two arc segments 101.

[0041] The utility model discloses a sleeve 501 is pushed to the adjusting rod 502 first in use, makes the radial movement of the prop 4 push adjusting rod 502 to the suitable position, and then twists the locating bolt 505, makes its end insert into the locating recess 504, and locking is carried out to adjusting rod 502, then the shaft sleeve class spare 2 is installed in the fixture, and the outer wall surface of the shaft sleeve class spare 2 and the inner end surface of the prop 4 correspond's position has detachable wear -resisting layer 3, the installation position of the shaft sleeve class spare 2 in the fixture is confirmed again, when the shaft sleeve class spare 2 deviates the target position, the fine adjustment is carried out to the shaft sleeve class spare 2 through the adjusting mechanism 5, grinding device is started to the inner wall surface grinding of the shaft sleeve class spare 2, and after grinding is completed, wear -resisting layer 3 is removed.

[0042] The wear -resisting layer 3 of the embodiment is attached to the outer wall surface of the shaft sleeve class spare 2 in the way of laser cladding, and after the inner wall surface grinding of the shaft sleeve class spare 2 is completed, the wear -resisting layer 3 is removed in the way of grinding.

[0043] In the grinding process, the shaft sleeve class spare 2 high -speed rotation and with the prop 4 relative rotation, because wear -resisting layer 3 has higher hardness and wear -resisting characteristics, make the prop 4 difficult to cause scratch or scratch on its surface. Therefore, the shaft sleeve class spare 2 can always keep higher rotation accuracy in the whole grinding process, ensure the processing quality. In addition, even if the prop 4 inner end produces tiny scratch to wear -resisting layer 3, will not affect the final product quality of the shaft sleeve class spare 2, because after grinding is completed, will remove wear -resisting layer 3 and handle, to guarantee the continuity and stability of subsequent processing.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] The overall structure of the embodiment is same as embodiment 1, and the difference is that, in the embodiment, the inner end of the prop 4 is provided with a bearing 6, and the axial direction of the bearing 6 is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft sleeve class spare 2.

[0046] As shown in Figure 2 , the inner end of the prop 4 is provided with a bearing 6, and the axial direction of the bearing 6 is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft sleeve class spare 2. Specifically, the inner end of the prop 4 is provided with an installation groove opening inward, the bearing 6 is arranged in the installation groove, and the inner ring of the bearing 6 is provided with an installation shaft, and the two ends of the installation shaft are fixedly connected to the two side walls of the installation groove, and the axial direction of the installation shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft sleeve class spare 2. The arrangement of the bearing 6 can reduce the friction between the prop 4 and the wear -resisting layer 3, so that the shaft sleeve class spare 2 rotates more smoothly in the rotation process, reduces the energy loss, and also helps to improve the rotation accuracy of the shaft sleeve class spare 2.

[0047] Embodiment 3

[0048] The overall structure of the embodiment is same as embodiment 1 or 2, and the difference is that, in the embodiment, the inner end of the prop 4 is provided with a bearing 6, and the axial direction of the bearing 6 is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft sleeve class spare 2.

[0049] As shown in Figure 3As shown, the adjustment mechanism 5 includes a sleeve 501 fixed to the outer surface of the annular bracket 1 and an adjusting screw 506 threadedly installed in the sleeve 501. The outer end of the support column 4 is located inside the sleeve 501 and rotatably connected to the inner end of the adjusting screw 506. The support column 4 and the adjusting screw 506 are coaxially distributed. The way to achieve the coaxiality and rotatable connection of the support column 4 and the adjusting screw 506 is the existing technology, such as bearing connection. Specifically, the bearing is coaxially set with the support column 4 and the adjusting screw 506. The inner ring of the bearing is fixed to the support column, and the outer ring is fixed to the adjusting screw 506. Other connection methods of the existing technology can also be used, which will not be described in detail.

[0050] A slotted hole 507 is provided along the axial direction of the sleeve 501. The adjusting bolt 508 passes through the slotted hole 507 and is threaded into a threaded hole on the support column 4. The outer end of the adjusting bolt 508 is provided with a nut or bolt head with a diameter larger than the width of the slotted hole 507. A scale 509 is provided on one side of the slotted hole 507. The size of the clamping space is determined by observing the position of the adjusting bolt 508 in the slotted hole 507.

[0051] In this embodiment, tightening the adjusting bolt 508 so that the nut on it presses against the outer wall of the sleeve 501 can lock the support column 4. Rotating the adjusting bolt 508 in the opposite direction leaves a certain gap between the nut on it and the sleeve 501. Rotating the adjusting screw 506 moves axially within the sleeve to push the support column 4 to move, thereby achieving radial adjustment of the support column 4 on the annular bracket 1. By visually inspecting the position of the adjusting bolt 508 within the slot 507, the support column 4 can be roughly positioned, which facilitates subsequent position adjustment of the bushing-type parts 2.

[0052] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A fixture for grinding bushing-type parts, characterized in that, It includes an annular support (1), multiple support columns (4) spaced circumferentially along the inner circular surface of the annular support (1), and an adjustment mechanism (5) for controlling the radial movement of the support columns (4). The inner ends of the multiple support columns (4) form a clamping space for clamping the bushing-type part (2) to be ground. A removable wear-resistant layer (3) is provided at the position corresponding to the outer wall surface of the bushing-type part (2) and the inner end surface of the support column (4). The hardness of the wear-resistant layer (3) is greater than the hardness of the bushing-type part (2), and the wear-resistant layer (3) can rotate with the bushing-type part (2).

2. The fixture for grinding bushing-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wear-resistant layer (3) has a hardness greater than HRC55 and a thickness of 0.4-0.8 mm.

3. The fixture for grinding bushing-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wear-resistant layer (3) is annular and there are multiple wear-resistant layers (3) distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the bushing-type part (2).

4. The fixture for grinding bushing-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner end of the support column (4) is provided with a bearing (6), and the axial direction of the bearing (6) is parallel to the axial direction of the bushing part (2).

5. A fixture for grinding bushing-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism (5) includes a sleeve (501) fixed on the outer surface of the annular bracket (1) and an adjustment rod (502) slidably disposed in the sleeve (501). The support column (4) is fixed at the inner end of the adjustment rod (502), and the outer end of the adjustment rod (502) is located outside the sleeve (501). The sleeve (501) has a positioning bolt (505) on its wall that can be inserted into the inner cavity of the sleeve (501) and abut against the adjustment rod (502).

6. A fixture for grinding bushing-type parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjusting rod (502) has a positioning groove (504) that matches the positioning bolt (505). The positioning groove (504) is elongated and is opened along the length of the adjusting rod (502).

7. A fixture for grinding bushing-type parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the positioning bolt (505) is hemispherical, and the bottom of the positioning groove (504) is an inwardly concave arc shape; or, the end of the positioning bolt (505) and the bottom of the positioning groove (504) are both flat.

8. A fixture for grinding bushing-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism (5) includes a sleeve (501) fixed on the outer surface of the annular bracket (1) and an adjusting screw (506) threaded inside the sleeve (501). The outer end of the support column (4) is located inside the sleeve (501) and rotatably connected to the inner end of the adjusting screw (506). The support column (4) and the adjusting screw (506) are coaxially distributed. A strip hole (507) is provided along the axial direction of the sleeve (501). The adjusting bolt (508) passes through the strip hole (507) and is threaded into the threaded hole on the support column (4).

9. A fixture for grinding bushing-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring bracket (1) includes two arc-shaped segments (101) with opposite openings. One end of the two arc-shaped segments (101) is hinged, and the other end of each arc-shaped segment (101) is provided with a connecting block (8) and a locking mechanism (7) for locking the two arc-shaped segments (101).

10. A fixture for grinding bushing-type parts according to claim 9, characterized in that, Both connecting blocks (8) have outward-facing U-shaped openings (705). A locking bolt (703) is rotatably connected inside one of the U-shaped openings (705). The locking bolt (703) can rotate into the other U-shaped opening (705) and lock the two arc-shaped segments (101) by tightening the connected locking nut (702).

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