A hot forging ejection structure and equipment
By improving the position of the ejector pin and setting a symmetrical ejector pin structure, the problems of deformation and jamming caused by excessive force on the ejector pin were solved, achieving stable ejection of forgings, reducing scrap rate, and improving production efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FAW CASTING CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
In existing hot forging ejection structures, excessive force on the ejector pin can easily cause deformation or jamming, resulting in a high scrap rate. Furthermore, the insufficient strength of the upper and lower die bosses affects production continuity.
The ejector pin position was improved by placing it in a low-stress area and symmetrically setting two ejector pins on the upper and lower dies to reduce the stress on a single ejector pin. A drive component was used to drive the ejector pin to slide, avoiding lateral extrusion pressure and ensuring balanced ejection of the forging.
This reduces the probability of ejector pins deforming or jamming due to stress, increases the success rate of forging ejection, reduces the scrap rate, and ensures the continuity and stability of production.
Smart Images
Figure CN224424160U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular to a hot forging ejection structure and equipment. Background Technology
[0002] For existing large gear forgings, the current hot forging ejection structure uses a traditional ejector pin arrangement, with one ejector pin at the top and one at the bottom of the forging's connecting layer. The forces acting on the ejector pins in this current structure are as follows: When the upper die moves downwards, the upper die boss and ejector pin are the first to contact the blank and bear force. Throughout the forging process, the upper die boss and ejector pin maintain contact with the blank, continuously subjected to vertical reaction forces and lateral extrusion forces caused by metal deformation until forming is complete. Similarly, the lower die boss and ejector pin are also the first to contact the blank during forging and are continuously subjected to vertical reaction forces and lateral extrusion forces until forming is complete. However, the dimensions of the upper and lower die bosses and ejector pins are relatively small due to the limitations of the forging shape, resulting in relatively low strength. The following problems exist in the actual production of forgings: 1. The size of the connecting strip is too small relative to the size of the forging. When an ejector pin is placed at the connecting strip, its diameter is also too small, resulting in insufficient strength. During production, the ejector pin may become thickened or bent due to stress and jam, preventing the ejection action and causing scrap and downtime. 2. The upper and lower die bosses are too small. After machining ejector pin holes in the middle, their strength is significantly reduced. During production, the ejector pin holes are prone to deformation under stress, causing the ejector pin to jam, preventing the ejection action, resulting in scrap and downtime. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a hot die forging ejection structure and equipment, which changes the position of the ejector pin to a position with less force, later force application, and less intense metal flow. During the forging process, the ejector pin is no longer subjected to lateral reaction force. In order to ensure that the forging does not rotate during ejection, two symmetrical ejector pins are set on both the upper and lower dies. The force on a single ejector pin is reduced to 1 / 2 of the original force. The ejector pin is less stressed and no longer gets stuck due to upsetting and bending, thus reducing the scrap rate.
[0004] This utility model provides the following solution:
[0005] In a first aspect, this application discloses a hot forging ejection structure, disposed within a forging forming apparatus, used for ejecting forgings, comprising:
[0006] The lower mold is provided with a lower ejector rod, which slides up and down within the lower mold.
[0007] The upper mold is provided with an upper ejector rod, which slides up and down along the interior of the upper mold, and the upper ejector rod is positioned opposite to the lower ejector rod.
[0008] The lower surface of the upper die and the lower surface of the upper ejector rod serve as upper forming surfaces and contact the upper surface of the forging. The upper surface of the lower die and the upper surface of the lower ejector rod serve as lower forming surfaces and contact the lower surface of the forging. The upper surface of the lower ejector rod contacts the planar portions on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the forging.
[0009] Preferably, the lower mold is provided with a lower ejector channel, the lower ejector is installed in the lower ejector channel, the lower end of the lower ejector is driven to be connected to a first driving part, and the first driving part drives the lower ejector to slide up and down along the lower ejector channel;
[0010] The upper mold is provided with an upper ejector rod channel, and the upper ejector rod is installed in the upper ejector rod channel. The upper end of the upper ejector rod is driven to be connected to a second driving part, and the second driving part drives the upper ejector rod to slide up and down along the upper ejector rod channel.
[0011] Preferably, the lower push rod includes:
[0012] At least two lower support rods are provided and symmetrically arranged, respectively contacting the planar portions on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the forging. The lower support rods are disposed within the lower push rod channel.
[0013] The lower push rod seat has the lower end of the lower support rod fixed at its upper end, and the lower end of the lower push rod seat is driven to be connected to the first driving part.
[0014] Preferably, the lower support rod has a first stepped surface in the middle, the upper part of the lower support rod is narrower than the lower part, the lower push rod channel has a second stepped surface in the middle, the upper part of the lower push rod channel is narrower than the lower part, the second stepped surface is higher than the first stepped surface, and a spring is provided inside the lower part of the lower push rod channel. The upper end of the spring abuts against the second stepped surface, and the lower end of the spring abuts against the first stepped surface.
[0015] Preferably, the lower mold is mounted on the lower mold insert seat via a lower mold pad, and the lower mold pad has a lower support rod through hole for the lower support rod to pass through; the lower mold insert seat has a lower ejector rod seat through hole for the lower ejector rod seat to pass through, and the lower end of the lower ejector rod seat extends out of the lower ejector rod seat through hole and is driven to connect with the first driving part.
[0016] Preferably, the lower die has a lower die boss on its upper part, the upper surface of the lower die boss is in contact with the forging skin, and the lower support rods are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower die boss.
[0017] Preferably, the upper push rod includes:
[0018] The upper support rod is positioned opposite the lower support rod and is disposed within the upper top rod channel.
[0019] The upper push rod seat has the upper end of the upper support rod fixed at its lower end, and the upper end of the upper push rod seat is driven to be connected to the second drive unit.
[0020] Secondly, this application discloses a hot forging apparatus, including the aforementioned hot forging ejection structure, a first driving part driven by the lower ejector rod, and a second driving part driven by the upper ejector rod.
[0021] This utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
[0022] 1. In this application, the upper surface of the lower ejector pin contacts the planar portions on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the forging. The upper surface of the lower ejector pin corresponds to the area of the forging that is formed later, so the lower ejector pin experiences very little force and the force exposure time is the shortest. Similarly, the position of the upper ejector pin also avoids the position where the force is greatest and the force exposure time is longest. It is set at the position where the metal billet flow is not too intense and the metal billet is contacted later. This avoids problems such as dents or boss defects on the forging when the ejector pin is slightly longer or shorter. Setting the upper and lower ejector pins in a planar position avoids the upper and lower ejector pins being subjected to both vertical and lateral forces.
[0023] 2. In order to avoid the problem of unbalanced force during ejection of the forging, i.e., the overturning during ejection, the lower die is symmetrically equipped with two lower support rods. When ejecting the forging, the two support rods move simultaneously, which can reduce the impact force on a single support rod. The force on the support rod becomes 1 / 2 of the original ejector rod, ensuring the balance and stability of the forging when it exits the die. Attached Figure Description
[0024] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the forging before and after forming of the hot die forging ejection structure of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hot die forging ejection structure of this utility model;
[0027] In the picture:
[0028] 1. Lower die; 11. Lower ejector pin channel; 11-1. Second step surface; 12. Lower ejector pin; 121. Lower support rod; 121-1. First step surface; 122. Lower ejector pin seat; 13. Lower die boss; 2. Upper die; 21. Upper ejector pin channel; 22. Upper ejector pin; 221. Upper support rod; 222. Upper ejector pin seat; 3. Lower die pad; 31. Lower support rod through hole; 4. Lower die insert seat; 41. Lower ejector pin seat through hole; 5. Spring; 6. Billet; 7. Forging; 8. Upper die pad; 9. Upper die insert seat. Detailed Implementation
[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0030] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. The singular forms “a,” “said,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, and “multiple” generally includes at least two unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0031] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.
[0032] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in the embodiments of this application, these descriptions should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the descriptions. For example, first may also be referred to as second without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, and similarly, second may also be referred to as first.
[0033] Depending on the context, the words “if” or “suppose” as used here can be interpreted as “when” or “in response to determination” or “in response to detection.” Similarly, depending on the context, the phrases “if determination” or “if detection (of the stated condition or event)” can be interpreted as “when determination” or “in response to determination” or “when detection (of the stated condition or event)” or “in response to detection (of the stated condition or event).”
[0034] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device that includes said element.
[0035] It should be noted that any symbols and / or numbers present in the specification that are not marked in the accompanying drawings are not reference numerals.
[0036] Example 1
[0037] See Figure 1-2 As shown, this application embodiment provides a hot forging ejection structure, which is installed in a forging forming equipment and used for ejecting forgings, including:
[0038] The lower mold 1 is provided with a lower ejector rod 12, which slides up and down inside the lower mold 1.
[0039] Upper mold 2, upper mold 2 is provided with upper ejector rod 22, upper ejector rod 22 slides up and down along the upper mold 2, upper ejector rod 22 is positioned opposite to lower ejector rod 12;
[0040] The lower surface of the upper die 2 and the lower surface of the upper ejector rod 22 serve as the upper forming surface and contact the upper surface of the forging. The upper surface of the lower die 1 and the upper surface of the lower ejector rod 12 serve as the lower forming surface and contact the lower surface of the forging. The upper surface of the lower ejector rod 12 contacts the planar portions on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the forging.
[0041] The blank 6 is placed in the middle of the lower die 1, and the upper die 2 moves downward. The upper and lower forming surfaces form the blank 6 into a forging 7. The upper surface of the lower ejector pin 12 contacts the flat parts on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the forging 7. The upper surface of the lower ejector pin 12 corresponds to the area of the forging 7 that is formed later, so the lower ejector pin 12 experiences very little force and the force exposure time is the shortest. Similarly, the position of the upper ejector pin 22 avoids the position of maximum force and longest force exposure time. It is set at a position where the metal blank flow is not too intense and the metal blank is contacted later. This avoids problems such as dents or bosses on the forging when the ejector pin is slightly longer or shorter. Setting the upper and lower ejector pins in a flat position avoids the upper and lower ejector pins being subjected to both vertical and lateral forces.
[0042] See Figure 1-2 As shown, the lower mold 1 is provided with a lower ejector channel 11, and a lower ejector 12 is installed in the lower ejector channel 11. The lower end of the lower ejector 12 is driven to be connected to the first driving part. The first driving part drives the lower ejector 12 to slide up and down along the lower ejector channel 11.
[0043] The upper mold 2 is provided with an upper ejector channel 21, and an upper ejector 22 is installed in the upper ejector channel 21. The upper end of the upper ejector 22 is driven to be connected to the second drive unit, and the second drive unit drives the upper ejector 22 to slide up and down along the upper ejector channel 21.
[0044] The first drive unit drives the lower push rod 12 to slide up and down along the lower push rod channel 11, and the second drive unit drives the upper push rod 22 to slide up and down along the upper push rod channel 21, thereby ejecting the forging 7.
[0045] See Figure 1-2 As shown, the lower push rod 12 includes:
[0046] At least two lower support rods 121 are provided and symmetrically arranged, respectively contacting the planar portions on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the forging. The lower support rods 121 are arranged within the lower push rod channel 11.
[0047] The lower push rod seat 122 has the lower end of the lower support rod 121 fixed at its upper end, and the lower end of the lower push rod seat 122 is driven to be connected to the first drive unit.
[0048] In this embodiment, to avoid the problem of unbalanced force during ejection of the forging 7, i.e., to prevent tipping during ejection, two lower support rods 121 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower die 1. When ejecting the forging 7, the two support rods move simultaneously, which can reduce the impact force on a single support rod. The force on the support rod becomes half of that on the original ejector rod. See [reference needed]. Figure 1 As shown, the pressure on both lower support rods is P2, which ensures the balance and stability of the forging when it exits the mold.
[0049] See Figure 1-2 As shown, the lower support rod 121 has a first step surface 121-1 in the middle, the upper part of the lower support rod 121 is narrower than the lower part, the lower push rod channel 11 has a second step surface 11-1 in the middle, the upper part of the lower push rod channel 11 is narrower than the lower part, the second step surface 11-1 is higher than the first step surface 121-1, and a spring 5 is provided inside the lower part of the lower push rod channel 11. The upper end of the spring 5 abuts against the second step surface 11-1, and the lower end of the spring 5 abuts against the first step surface 121-1.
[0050] The lower support rod 121 is pushed upward under the drive of the first drive unit. The first step surface 121-1 moves upward to compress the spring 5. After the forging 7 is pushed out, the lower support rod 121 returns to the initial position under the rebound force of the spring 5 and the drive of the first drive unit, completing the entire pushing action.
[0051] See Figure 1-2As shown, the lower mold 1 is mounted on the lower mold insert seat 4 via the lower mold pad 3. The lower mold pad 3 has a lower support rod through hole 31 for the lower support rod 121 to pass through. The lower mold insert seat 4 has a lower ejector rod seat through hole 41 for the lower ejector rod seat 122 to pass through. The lower end of the lower ejector rod seat 122 extends out of the lower ejector rod seat through hole 41 and is driven to connect with the first drive unit.
[0052] The lower die insert seat 4 is installed on the worktable of the equipment. The lower die 1 is installed on the lower die insert seat 4 through the lower die pad 3 so that the lower die 1 can be replaced according to different forgings 7. In this embodiment, the diameter of the lower support rod through hole 31 is smaller than the diameter of the lower push rod seat 122, which limits the ejection distance of the lower support rod 121.
[0053] See Figure 1-2 As shown, a lower die boss 13 is provided on the upper part of the lower die 1. The upper surface of the lower die boss 13 is in contact with the forging skin. The lower support rods 121 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower die boss 13.
[0054] The upper surface of the lower die boss 13 is in contact with the forging skin. The lower support rods 121 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower die boss 13. This avoids the situation where the strength of the lower die boss 13 is greatly reduced after machining the lower ejector channel 11 in the middle due to the small size of the lower die boss 13.
[0055] See Figure 1-2 As shown, the upper push rod 22 includes:
[0056] The upper support rod 221 is positioned opposite the lower support rod 121 and is installed within the upper push rod channel 21.
[0057] The upper push rod seat 222 has the upper end of the upper support rod 221 fixed at its lower end, and the upper end of the upper push rod seat 222 is driven to be connected to the second drive unit.
[0058] Similar to the lower die 1, the upper die 2 also has two symmetrical upper support rods mounted on the upper ejector seat. When ejecting the forging 7, the two support rods move simultaneously, which reduces the impact force on a single support rod. The force on the two support rods becomes half that of the original ejector rod. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 As shown, the pressure on the upper support rod is P1, which ensures the balance and stability of the forging when it exits the mold.
[0059] The upper support rod 221 has a third step surface in the middle. The lower part of the upper support rod 221 is narrower than the upper part. The upper push rod channel has a fourth step surface in the middle. The lower part of the upper push rod channel is narrower than the upper part. The third step surface is higher than the fourth step surface. The upper push rod channel has a spring 5 inside. The upper end of the spring 5 abuts against the third step surface, and the lower end of the spring 5 abuts against the fourth step surface.
[0060] The upper mold 2 is mounted on the upper mold insert seat 9 via the upper mold pad 8. The upper mold pad 8 has an upper support rod through hole for the upper support rod 221 to pass through. The upper mold insert seat 9 has an upper ejector seat through hole for the upper ejector seat to pass through. The upper end of the upper ejector seat extends out of the upper ejector seat through hole and is driven to connect with the second drive unit.
[0061] The upper part of the upper die 2 is provided with an upper die boss. The upper surface of the upper die boss is in contact with the forging skin. The upper support rods are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the upper die boss.
[0062] Example 2
[0063] This application provides a hot forging apparatus, including the hot forging ejection structure described above, a first driving part driven by the lower ejector rod 12, and a second driving part driven by the upper ejector rod 22.
[0064] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:
[0065] Two lower support rods 121 are assembled in the lower die 1, extending out of the bottom surface of the lower die, passing through the lower die pad 3 and connecting to the lower ejector seat 122. The lower ejector seat 122 is assembled in the lower die insert seat 4, which is located on the worktable of the hot forging equipment. The ejector rod of the hot forging equipment rests on the lower end of the lower ejector seat 122. The ejection action is as follows: when the die reaches... Figure 1 As shown in the left figure, after the blank 6 is injected and the gear forging 7 is formed, the lower ejector rod 12 ejects the forging 7 out of the mold cavity. During the ejection process, the ejector rod spring 5 is compressed. After ejection, the lower support rod 121 returns to its initial position under the rebound force of the spring 5 and the drive of the first drive unit, completing the entire ejection action. The ejection action of the upper ejector rod of the upper mold is the same as that of the lower mold, but in the opposite direction. Compared with the previous single ejector rod, the double ejector rod only bears the vertical force of the ejector rod and has no lateral extrusion force, making the structure more stable and reliable and less prone to bending.
[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems or apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the method section.
[0067] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.
Claims
1. A hot forging ejection structure, installed in a forging forming device, used for ejecting forgings, characterized in that, include: The lower mold (1) is provided with a lower ejector rod (12), which slides up and down inside the lower mold (1); The upper mold (2) is provided with an upper ejector rod (22), which slides up and down within the upper mold (2), and the upper ejector rod (22) is positioned opposite to the lower ejector rod (12); The lower surface of the upper mold (2) and the lower surface of the upper ejector rod (22) are in contact with the upper surface of the forging as upper forming surfaces. The upper surface of the lower mold (1) and the upper surface of the lower ejector rod (12) are in contact with the lower surface of the forging as lower forming surfaces. The upper surface of the lower ejector rod (12) is in contact with the planar portions on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the forging.
2. The hot forging ejection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower mold (1) is provided with a lower ejector channel (11), and the lower ejector (12) is installed in the lower ejector channel (11). The lower end of the lower ejector (12) is connected to the first driving part, and the first driving part drives the lower ejector (12) to slide up and down along the lower ejector channel (11). The upper mold (2) is provided with an upper ejector channel (21), and the upper ejector (22) is installed in the upper ejector channel (21). The upper end of the upper ejector (22) is driven to be connected to the second driving part, and the second driving part drives the upper ejector (22) to slide up and down along the upper ejector channel (21).
3. The hot forging ejection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower push rod (12) includes: At least two lower support rods (121) are provided and symmetrically arranged, respectively contacting the planar portions on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the forging. The lower support rods (121) are arranged within the lower push rod channel (11): The lower push rod seat (122) has the lower end of the lower support rod (121) fixed at its upper end, and the lower end of the lower push rod seat (122) is driven to be connected to the first drive unit.
4. The hot forging ejection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower support rod (121) has a first step surface (121-1) in the middle. The upper part of the lower support rod (121) is narrower than the lower part. The lower push rod channel (11) has a second step surface (11-1) in the middle. The upper part of the lower push rod channel (11) is narrower than the lower part. The second step surface (11-1) is higher than the first step surface (121-1). The lower part of the lower push rod channel (11) has a spring (5) inside. The upper end of the spring (5) abuts against the second step surface (11-1), and the lower end of the spring (5) abuts against the first step surface (121-1).
5. The hot forging ejection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower mold (1) is mounted on the lower mold insert seat (4) via the lower mold pad (3). The lower mold pad (3) has a lower support rod through hole (31) through which the lower support rod (121) passes. The lower mold insert seat (4) has a lower ejector seat through hole (41) through which the lower ejector seat (122) passes. The lower end of the lower ejector seat (122) extends out of the lower ejector seat through hole (41) and is driven to connect with the first drive unit.
6. The hot forging ejection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower die (1) is provided with a lower die boss (13) on its upper part. The upper surface of the lower die boss (13) is in contact with the forging skin. The lower support rod (121) is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower die boss (13).
7. The hot forging ejection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper push rod (22) includes: The upper support rod (221) is positioned opposite to the lower support rod (121), and the upper support rod (221) is disposed within the upper top rod channel (21): The upper rod seat (222) has the upper end of the upper support rod (221) fixed at its lower end, and the upper end of the upper rod seat (222) is driven to be connected to the second drive unit.
8. A hot forging equipment, characterized in that, It includes the hot forging ejection structure according to any one of claims 2-7, and the first driving part driven by the lower ejector rod (12) and the second driving part driven by the upper ejector rod (22).