A temporary reinforcing and supporting device for a coal mine roadway
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521972915.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-15
AI Technical Summary
[0005]本实用新型的目的在于：为了解决现有的现有支护装置无法适配巷道非规整顶部的缺陷，支护效果差的问题，而提出的一种煤矿巷道临时加固支护装置
本实用新型通过设置的自适应调节机构，通过液压伸缩杆驱动导向滑动块滑动沿着滑动导轨水平滑动，从而带动弧形支撑板横向移动，以适配巷道顶部不同区段弧度偏差，通过调节螺杆升降，带动弧形支撑板上下移动，以适配巷道顶部不同凹凸区域，配合球面铰接结构的偏转与弹性缓冲层，贴合率高，消除支护盲区，结构稳定性及安全性高，操作便捷且通用性广，无需更换顶梁即可适配不同不平整度、不同弧度的巷道，减少设备投入，有利于提高装置的实用性。
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Figure CN224648570U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of auxiliary equipment technology for coal mining, and in particular to a temporary reinforcement and support device for coal mine roadways. Background Technology
[0002] Coal is an important energy source and is widely used in industrial production and other fields. Since coal mines are generally located underground, coal mining operations are also underground. When mining coal underground, coal mine roadways are generally used for material transportation and personnel access. The stability of coal mine roadways is related to the safety of mining. After the roadways are excavated, they need to be reinforced by support structures to ensure the stability of the roadways.
[0003] Before the construction of the support structure, temporary support devices can be used to enhance the support of the roadway. Once the subsequent support is stable, they can be removed. Due to the differences in geological conditions (such as rock hardness and fissure distribution) of different coal mines, and the influence of factors such as the precision of tunneling equipment and construction technology during the roadway excavation process, the top of the inner wall of most coal mine roadways is not a standard flat curved surface. It generally has the following irregular characteristics: First, the top surface is uneven, with protruding rock blocks or sunken cavities in some areas; Second, the curvature of the top opening is inconsistent, and the curvature of the arc in different sections of the same roadway is deviated.
[0004] Existing temporary reinforcement and support devices for coal mine roadways, whether they are combined structures of single hydraulic props and metal roof beams or integrated telescopic steel supports, all have fixed top support structures (such as flat roof beams or fixed curvature arc-shaped roof beams). These structures cannot adapt to the aforementioned irregular roof features, resulting in core defects such as poor support fit and numerous support blind spots in practical applications. They cannot form effective overall support, and these blind spots remain unsupported for a long time. Under the pressure of surrounding rock, they are prone to roof collapse and other accidents, seriously threatening the lives of underground workers and the integrity of equipment. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problem that existing support devices cannot adapt to irregular roofs of roadways and have poor support effects, and to propose a temporary reinforcement support device for coal mine roadways.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technology: a temporary reinforcement and support device for coal mine roadways, comprising a main frame, a second hydraulic cylinder at the bottom of the main frame, a base plate at the bottom of the second hydraulic cylinder, a plurality of equally spaced mounting slots at the top of the main frame, an adaptive adjustment mechanism in the mounting slots, and side fixing components on both sides of the main frame.
[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: the adaptive adjustment mechanism includes sliding guide rails installed on both sides of the mounting slot and a hydraulic telescopic rod installed on the top of the main frame. A guide sliding block fixed to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is slidably connected on the sliding guide rail. An adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the top of the guide sliding block through a bearing. A screw sleeve is threadedly connected to the top of the adjusting screw. An arc-shaped support plate is rotatably connected to the top of the screw sleeve through a spherical hinge assembly. A first elastic buffer layer is provided on the top of the arc-shaped support plate.
[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the spherical hinge assembly includes a spherical seat fixedly connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped support plate, and a spherical joint fixedly connected to the top of the screw sleeve. The spherical joint is embedded in the spherical seat to form a spherical hinge structure with ±5° deflection.
[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: a pressure sensor is embedded inside the first elastic buffer layer.
[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the side fixing assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder fixedly installed on the main frame, one end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a vertical plate, and one side of the vertical plate is fixedly connected to a second elastic buffer layer.
[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: both the first elastic buffer layer and the second elastic buffer layer are made of wear-resistant rubber, and both have anti-slip textures on their surfaces.
[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the bottom of the seat plate is provided with an anti-slip pad.
[0013] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention utilizes an adaptive adjustment mechanism that drives a guide sliding block to slide horizontally along a sliding rail via a hydraulic telescopic rod. This causes the arc-shaped support plate to move laterally, adapting to different curvature deviations in the roadway top. By adjusting the lifting and lowering of the screw, the arc-shaped support plate moves up and down to adapt to different uneven areas in the roadway top. Combined with the deflection and elastic buffer layer of the spherical hinge structure, it achieves a high fit rate, eliminates support blind spots, and provides high structural stability and safety. It is easy to operate and widely applicable, adapting to roadways with different unevenness and curvature without replacing the top beam, reducing equipment investment and improving the practicality of the device. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the adaptive adjustment mechanism provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 It shows Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 An installation diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Legend: 1. Main frame; 2. Adaptive adjustment mechanism; 21. Sliding guide rail; 22. Guide sliding block; 23. Bearing; 24. Adjusting screw; 25. Screw sleeve; 26. Spherical seat; 27. Spherical joint; 28. Arc-shaped support plate; 29. First elastic buffer layer; 210. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 3. Side fixing assembly; 31. First hydraulic cylinder; 32. Vertical plate; 33. Second elastic buffer layer; 4. Base plate; 5. Second hydraulic cylinder; 6. Mounting slot. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0016] Reference Figures 1-4 This embodiment provides a temporary reinforcement support device for coal mine roadways, including a main frame 1, a second hydraulic cylinder 5 at the bottom of the main frame 1, a base plate 4 at the bottom of the second hydraulic cylinder 5, an anti-slip pad at the bottom of the base plate 4, a number of equally spaced installation slots 6 at the top of the main frame 1, an adaptive adjustment mechanism 2 in the installation slots 6, and side fixing components 3 on both sides of the main frame 1. The adaptive adjustment mechanism 2 includes sliding guide rails 21 installed on both sides of the mounting groove 6, and a hydraulic telescopic rod 210 installed on the top of the main frame 1. A guide sliding block 22 fixed to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 210 is slidably connected to the sliding guide rails 21. An adjusting screw 24 is rotatably connected to the top of the guide sliding block 22 through a bearing 23. A screw sleeve 25 is threadedly connected to the top of the adjusting screw 24. An arc-shaped support plate 28 is rotatably connected to the top of the screw sleeve 25 through a spherical hinge assembly. The spherical hinge assembly includes a spherical seat 26 fixedly connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped support plate 28, and a spherical connector 27 fixedly connected to the top of the screw sleeve 25. The spherical connector 27 is embedded in the spherical seat 26 to form a spherical hinge structure with ±5° deflection. A first elastic buffer layer 29 is provided on the top of the arc-shaped support plate 28. A pressure sensor is embedded inside the first elastic buffer layer 29. The pressure sensor model is PT124G-111, with a pressure monitoring range of 0-60MPa and a control accuracy of ±0.5MPa.
[0017] Specifically, the device is placed inside a coal mine roadway. By activating the second hydraulic cylinder 5, the main frame 1 moves upward, causing the adaptive adjustment mechanism 2 to move upward and contact the top of the roadway. Then, the hydraulic telescopic rod 210 is activated. The telescopic movement of the hydraulic telescopic rod 210 drives the guide sliding block 22 to slide laterally along the sliding guide rail 21 in the mounting groove 6, thereby causing the arc-shaped support plate 28 to move synchronously. If the curvature of a section of the roadway becomes gentler and the radius of curvature increases, the hydraulic telescopic rod 210 pushes the guide sliding block 22 towards the side, allowing the arc-shaped support plate 28 to adapt to the gentler curvature. If the curvature becomes steeper, the hydraulic telescopic rod... 210 Pull the guide sliding block 22 towards the center to complete the lateral position calibration. Since the top of the roadway is an arched curved surface, the tangent angle of the inner wall at different lateral positions is different. For example, the arc tangent angle near the side is gentler. At this time, the arc support plate 28 automatically deflects through the spherical hinge structure. If it moves to a region with a gentler tangent angle, the arc support plate 28 deflects upward around the spherical joint 27, so that the top of the arc surface of the arc support plate 28 fits against the inner top wall of the roadway. If it moves to a region with a steeper tangent angle, the arc support plate 28 deflects downward around the spherical joint 27, so that the two sides of the arc surface of the arc support plate 28 fit against the inner top wall of the roadway. Simultaneously, rotating the adjusting screw 24 causes it to rise and fall vertically through its threaded engagement with the screw sleeve 25. For concave areas at the top of the tunnel, turning the adjusting screw 24 raises the arc-shaped support plate 28 to fit snugly; for convex areas, turning the adjusting screw 24 in the opposite direction lowers the arc-shaped support plate 28 to fit snugly. The arc-shaped support plate 28 automatically deflects through its spherical hinge structure, compensating for differences in the tangent angle of the arched inner wall. Combined with the first elastic buffer layer 29 filling minute gaps, this achieves a complete fit, completely eliminating local gaps caused by rigid connections, resulting in more balanced force distribution, enhanced support safety, and the spaced distribution prevents mutual interference during support plate adjustment. The system can be adjusted individually for local protrusions and depressions at the top without affecting the overall structure, reducing the support risk during adjustment. At the same time, the reserved space allows maintenance personnel to observe the working status of each component, improving maintenance convenience. A pressure sensor is embedded below the first elastic buffer layer 29 to monitor the pressure of the roadway roof on the support plate in real time and transmit it to the controller. When the pressure exceeds the preset value, such as 40MPa, stress overload occurs, and the controller controls the hydraulic pump to pressurize the second hydraulic cylinder 5 to enhance the support force. When the pressure is lower than the preset value, such as 10MPa, insufficient support occurs, and the controller controls the pressure relief to avoid damage to the surrounding rock caused by excessive support.
[0018] Furthermore, the side fixing component 3 includes a first hydraulic cylinder 31 fixedly installed on the main frame 1. One end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to a vertical plate 32, and one side of the vertical plate 32 is fixedly connected to a second elastic buffer layer 33.
[0019] Specifically, by activating the first hydraulic cylinder 31, the first hydraulic cylinder 31 drives the piston rod to extend and retract, thereby moving the vertical plate 32 toward the side wall of the tunnel and squeezing and fixing the side wall.
[0020] Furthermore, both the first elastic buffer layer 29 and the second elastic buffer layer 33 are made of wear-resistant rubber, and both have anti-slip textures on their surfaces. The elastic sealing gasket can completely fit the arched top plate and the side, eliminating support gaps and improving the stability of the support.
[0021] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A temporary reinforcement and support device for coal mine roadways, characterized in that, Includes a main frame (1), a second hydraulic cylinder (5) is provided at the bottom of the main frame (1), a base plate (4) is provided at the bottom of the second hydraulic cylinder (5), a number of equally spaced mounting slots (6) are provided at the top of the main frame (1), an adaptive adjustment mechanism (2) is provided in the mounting slots (6), and a side fixing component (3) is provided on both sides of the main frame (1). The adaptive adjustment mechanism (2) includes sliding guide rails (21) installed on both sides of the mounting groove (6) and a hydraulic telescopic rod (210) installed on the top of the main frame (1). A guide sliding block (22) fixed to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (210) is slidably connected on the sliding guide rail (21). An adjusting screw (24) is rotatably connected to the top of the guide sliding block (22) through a bearing (23). A screw sleeve (25) is threadedly connected to the top of the adjusting screw (24). An arc-shaped support plate (28) is rotatably connected to the top of the screw sleeve (25) through a spherical hinge assembly. A first elastic buffer layer (29) is provided on the top of the arc-shaped support plate (28).
2. The temporary reinforcement and support device for coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spherical hinge assembly includes a spherical seat (26) fixedly connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped support plate (28) and a spherical connector (27) fixedly connected to the top of the screw sleeve (25). The spherical connector (27) is embedded in the spherical seat (26) to form a spherical hinge structure with ±5° deflection.
3. The temporary reinforcement and support device for coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure sensor is embedded inside the first elastic buffer layer (29).
4. A temporary reinforcement and support device for coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side fixing assembly (3) includes a first hydraulic cylinder (31) fixedly installed on the main frame (1), one end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to a vertical plate (32), and one side of the vertical plate (32) is fixedly connected to a second elastic buffer layer (33).
5. A temporary reinforcement and support device for coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first elastic buffer layer (29) and the second elastic buffer layer (33) are made of wear-resistant rubber, and both have anti-slip textures on their surfaces.
6. A temporary reinforcement and support device for coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the base plate (4) is provided with an anti-slip pad.