A gender determination process demonstration simulator

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of teaching demonstration devices, providing a simulation simulator for demonstrating the sex determination process. It includes a turntable and a drive device for rotating the turntable. An egg cell model is located at the center of the turntable, and several tracks radiate outwards from the egg cell model. Sperm models are movably mounted at the ends of the tracks. This utility model offers strong intuitiveness: visualizing abstract genetic knowledge and clearly demonstrating sperm morphological differences (X / Y) and the random combination mechanism; high interactivity: allowing deep participation in the experimental process; real-time data feedback: a matching counter automatically records and displays the number and ratio of XX / XY combinations (e.g., 8:12), enabling students to intuitively verify the 1:1 probability law of sex determination; low cost and easy to promote: it can be made using materials such as discarded fans, balancing teaching effectiveness and resource conservation. This device effectively solves the problems of traditional teaching being abstract and boring, lacking dynamic demonstrations and real-time data, significantly improving learning efficiency and interest.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of teaching demonstration devices, and provides a simulation simulator for demonstrating the gender determination process. Background Technology

[0002] In junior high school biology teaching, "the process of human sex determination" is an important teaching topic. Traditional teaching methods often rely on textbook illustrations, text descriptions, and teacher explanations to help students understand, but this approach is rather abstract, making it difficult for students to intuitively grasp the dynamic process of sperm and egg cell fertilization and the probabilistic nature of sex determination. Although some schools use multimedia animation demonstrations, their interactivity is weak, preventing students from participating in hands-on experiments, thus limiting the teaching effectiveness.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a teaching device that can visually present the differences between sperm and egg cells, dynamically simulate the fertilization process, and display data in real time, in order to improve teaching quality and stimulate students' interest in learning. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a gender determination process demonstration simulator, which solves the deficiencies of existing teaching methods in demonstrating the gender determination process, and provides a gender determination demonstration device that is simple in structure, easy to operate, highly intuitive, and interactive.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a sex determination process demonstration simulator, including a turntable and a drive device for driving the turntable to rotate. An egg cell model is provided at the center of the turntable, and several tracks are arranged radially around the egg cell model. Sperm models are movably arranged at the ends of the tracks.

[0006] Furthermore, the sperm model includes an indicator sign connected by an elastic connector and a slip ring, the slip ring being slidably fitted onto a track.

[0007] Furthermore, the end of the track is provided with a limiting barrier.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a counting device.

[0009] Furthermore, the counting device includes two counters and two labels. The two counters are used to record the number of times the XY and XX chromosome combinations occur, respectively, and the two labels are used to identify and distinguish the counters.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a support structure, on which the turntable, drive device, and counting device are all mounted.

[0011] Furthermore, the support structure includes a base and uprights fixed to the base.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving device is a motor, which is installed at the top of the pole.

[0013] Furthermore, the turntable and the egg cell model are connected to the motor drive via a rotating shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic connector is a spring or a rubber column.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: High intuitiveness: By combining physical models with dynamic demonstrations, students can clearly observe the morphological differences between sperm and egg cells, as well as the entire process of sperm swimming towards and combining with egg cells, making abstract biological knowledge more vivid and easier to understand and master.

[0016] High interactivity: Students can operate the device themselves, such as turning on the fan to make the turntable rotate, removing the phoenix tail clip to release the sperm model, etc., actively participate in the experimental process, improve their learning enthusiasm and initiative, and deepen their memory of knowledge.

[0017] Real-time data: The accompanying counter and display screen can record and display experimental results in a timely and accurate manner, presenting the probability of sex determination in a data format, enabling students to verify theoretical knowledge in practice and enhance their understanding of the laws of sex inheritance.

[0018] Resource recycling: By cleverly utilizing discarded fans and other materials to make devices, production costs are reduced, environmental protection is practiced, and schools are provided with a simple and easy-to-implement solution for making teaching equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a frontal view of the structural diagram; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure; Figure 3 This is a side view structural diagram; Figure 4 This is a top-down structural diagram; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Partial structural diagram at point A; In the diagram: 1. Base, 2. Upright pole, 3. Counting device, 4. Turntable, 5. Sperm model, 6. Track, 7. Egg cell model, 8. Motor, 9. Rotating shaft, 501. Indicator sign, 502. Spring, 503. Slip ring, 504. Limiting stop. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0021] Example 1: Basic Implementation like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this embodiment provides a simulation simulator for demonstrating the sex determination process. Its core function is to intuitively simulate the random combination of sperm and egg cells and to statistically determine the probability of sex determination. The device includes: 1. A support structure: consisting of a base 1 and a vertical rod 2 fixed to the base 1, providing overall stability.

[0022] 2. Drive device: Motor 8 is used, which is fixedly installed on the top of the pole 2. A pointer 10 is set on the outside of the motor 8 to indicate the starting position of the turntable 4.

[0023] 3. Turntable and Egg Cell Model: The turntable 4 is connected to the output end of the motor 8 via a rotating shaft 9, enabling rotational movement. An egg cell model 7, representing an egg cell, is fixedly mounted in the central area of ​​the turntable 4. A sticker with a prominent "X" mark is affixed to the egg cell model 7 (details of the sticker are not shown in the image), its position corresponding to the egg cell model 7, indicating that it carries the X chromosome.

[0024] 4. Tracks and Sperm Model: Multiple straight tracks 6, for example 20, are arranged radially and evenly around the egg cell model 7. Each track 6 has a limiting barrier 504 at its outer end, away from the egg cell model 7. The sperm model 5 is slidably fitted onto each track 6, and the track 6 is cylindrical. The sperm model 5 specifically includes: a slip ring 503: slidably fitted onto the track 6.

[0025] Elastic connector: In this embodiment, a spring 502 is used, one end of which is connected to a slip ring 503.

[0026] Indicator plate 501: Connected to the other end of spring 502. Indicator plate 501 is designed in the shape of a sliding bird, with a sticker indicating the chromosome type affixed to the side facing the egg cell model 7. Specifically, the indicator plates 501 for 10 sperm models 5 have "X" sperm stickers, for example, located in the white area of ​​turntable 4, while the indicator plates 501 for the other 10 sperm models 5 have "Y" sperm stickers, for example, located in the yellow area of ​​turntable 4. The limiting stop 504 and the detachable fixing clip, such as a phoenix tail clip, can share 504 to initially fix the sperm model 5 at the outermost end of track 6.

[0027] 5. Counting device 3: Fixedly mounted on the upright 2, located on the side of the turntable 4 in a convenient observation position. It includes two independent counters, either mechanical or electronic, and two corresponding labels. One counter and its label are used to record the number of times the "XY" male combination occurs, and the other counter and its label are used to record the number of times the "XX" female combination occurs. Each counter has an operation button at the rear (but button details are not shown in the diagram).

[0028] Working principle and operation steps: ① The user presses the start button of motor 8 or the connected fan switch, and the turntable 4 drives all tracks 6 and sperm models 5 to start rotating randomly. Press the button again or wait for the preset time to stop automatically. Motor 8 stops supplying power, and the turntable 4 gradually stops under the action of inertia, eventually pointing randomly to a sperm model 5.

[0029] ② The user removes pointer 10 or the fixed position indicator from step ①. The fixing clip 504 on the outside of the sperm model 5 is not shown separately in the figure. After the fixing is released, the slip ring 503 of the sperm model 5 slides along track 6 towards the center of the egg cell model 7 under the action of gravity. When the indicator 501 contacts the egg cell model 7, the spring 502 is slightly compressed, simulating the dynamic process of sperm and egg cell fusion.

[0030] ③ The user observes the chromosome type X or Y carried by the combined sperm model 5. Based on the combination result XX or XY, press the button behind the corresponding counter.

[0031] ④ After pressing the button, the corresponding counter XX or XY value increases by 1, and the accumulated result XX:XY=m:n is updated and displayed in real time on its display screen or counting window.

[0032] ⑤ Repeat steps ① to ④ multiple times, for example, 20 times represents 20 sperm. Through the large amount of experimental data clearly presented by counter 3, students can intuitively and realistically feel that sperm carrying X and sperm carrying Y have an equal chance of combining with egg cell X, and understand the genetic principle that the probability of having a boy or a girl is about 1:1.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: clear structure, complete realization of the basic process of driving the turntable to randomly select sperm, releasing sperm to slide and combine, and manually identifying and counting the results, reliable device operation, and controllable cost.

[0034] Example 2: Optimized Implementation Methods Enhanced Visualization and Automation Based on Example 1, this example is further optimized, focusing on improving the intuitiveness, automation, and explicitness of probability statistics in the experiment: 1. Turntable Scale and Divisions: The surface of turntable 4 is divided into 20 equally divided sector-shaped scale areas, such as... Figure 4 Illustration. Ten adjacent areas are painted yellow, representing the sperm model 5 carrying the Y chromosome, with the indicator label "Y" fixed at its outer end on track 6; the other ten adjacent areas are painted white, representing the sperm model 5 carrying the X chromosome, with the indicator label "X" fixed on its outer end. The turntable 4 has clear graduations along its edge.

[0035] 2. Acrylic support: The base 1 and / or the upright 2 are partially or entirely made of transparent acrylic sheets, making the internal structure, such as some wiring or sperm sliding paths, more transparent and visible. The track 6 can also be made of transparent acrylic tubes or rods.

[0036] 3. Electronic Counter and Linked Display: The counting device 3 uses an electronic counter. Two counters are connected to a common, larger LCD screen, which can be integrated into the counting device 3 or set up separately. This screen not only displays the individual cumulative counts of XX and XY, such as `XX:8`, `XY:12`, but also calculates and displays the current ratio in real time, such as `XX:XY=2:3` or `40%:60%`.

[0037] 4. Automatic Identification and Counting Optional: A microswitch or photoelectric sensor (not shown in the diagram) is installed at the end of track 6 near the egg cell model 7 or on the surface of the egg cell model 7. When the indicator 501 of the sperm model 5 slides into position and contacts the egg cell model 7, the sensor is triggered. The sensor signal is connected to the control unit, such as a microcontroller, integrated into the counting device 3. The control unit automatically determines the chromosome combination type XY or XX based on the color of the turntable area where the sperm model 5 is initially located (yellow / Y or white / X), and automatically drives the corresponding counter to increment once, while updating the data on the display screen. The user only needs to start the turntable in step ① and release the selected sperm in step ②; the identification and counting in step ③ are completed automatically by the device.

[0038] Optimization of working principle and operation steps: ① Same as step ① in Example 1.

[0039] ② Same as step ② in Example 1. If equipped with an automatic sensor, after the sperm slides into place, the device automatically identifies the chromosome type and counts them according to the initial region or model identifier.

[0040] ③ If counting is done manually, follow step ③ of Example 1. If counting is done automatically, this step is omitted.

[0041] ④ The display screen updates in real time and shows the cumulative count (XX times), XY times, and the current ratio.

[0042] ⑤ Repeat the operation.

[0043] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: The 20 equally divided, color-coded turntables make the sperm type distribution immediately apparent, greatly enhancing the visualization of "randomness." The electronic display screen shows the proportional data in real time, making the conclusion that "the probability is close to 1:1" more intuitive and explicit. Automatic identification and counting reduce manual operation steps and potential errors, improving experimental efficiency and immersion. The acrylic material enhances the modern feel and transparency of the device.

[0044] Example 3: Simplified Implementation - Low-Cost Manual Version This embodiment is designed for resource-constrained environments and simplifies the implementation of Embodiment 1 by removing electric drive and electronic counting while retaining the core demonstration functions: 1. Simplified drive mechanism: Motor 8 and its power supply are eliminated. The center of turntable 4 is manually mounted directly on the top of the upright 2 via a bearing (not shown in the diagram) or a simple rotating shaft, allowing turntable 4 to be rotated freely by hand.

[0045] 2. Simplified Fixation Method: The sperm model 5 is fixed at the outermost end of the track 6 using only a simple limiting stop 504, such as a protruding pin, a bent wire, or a slip ring with high friction, without the need for an additional clip. For release, simply push the selected sperm model 5 gently away from the limiting point by hand.

[0046] 3. Simplified counting device: The counting device 3 uses two simple mechanical manual counters, such as a reset counter that increments by one with each press, and corresponding labels XX / XY, which are directly fixed to the base 1 or the pole 2 in an easily accessible position. The electronic screen and buttons are eliminated.

[0047] Simplified working principle and operation steps: ① The user directly rotates the turntable 4 by hand to make it spin rapidly until it stops naturally and randomly points to a sperm model 5.

[0048] ② The user gently pushes or pushes aside the limit at the outer end of the track 6 corresponding to the stop position with their finger. Under the action of gravity, the sperm model 5 slides along the track 6 towards the egg cell model 7 and contacts the spring 502 for cushioning.

[0049] ③ The user observes the chromosome markers X or Y of the combined sperm model 5.

[0050] ④ Based on the observation result XX or XY, manually press the corresponding mechanical counter once to increase its count value by 1.

[0051] ⑤ Repeat the operation and observe the final ratio of the values ​​displayed by the two mechanical counters.

[0052] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: it minimizes manufacturing costs, requiring only core structural components such as a base, uprights, turntable, track, sperm and egg cell models, and a simple counter. It can be achieved using a discarded fan base as the base 1, wire to create the track 6 and sperm model skeleton, and cardstock to make the indicator 501 and stickers. Although the level of automation is reduced, the core teaching functions of "random sperm selection," "dynamic sliding union," and "manual probability calculation" are retained. It is simple to operate and very suitable for students to make their own or for use in resource-scarce areas, perfectly aligning with the concept of "resource recycling."

[0053] In summary, all the above embodiments achieve random sperm selection through the rotation of turntable 4, simulate the dynamic process of sperm sliding towards the egg cell through the guidance of track 6 and gravity drive, and intuitively count the occurrence of XX and XY combinations through counting device 3, whether manually or automatically. This effectively solves the problems of abstractness, lack of interaction, and lack of real-time data in traditional teaching. The device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and combines education with entertainment, significantly improving the teaching effect of the knowledge point of "human sex determination".

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A simulation simulator for demonstrating the gender determination process, characterized in that, It includes a turntable and a drive device for driving the turntable to rotate. An egg cell model is provided at the center of the turntable. Several tracks are arranged radially around the egg cell model. Sperm models are movably arranged at the ends of the tracks.

2. The gender determination process demonstration simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sperm model includes an indicator sign connected by an elastic connector and a slip ring, the slip ring being slidably fitted onto a track.

3. A gender determination process demonstration simulator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The track end is equipped with a limiting stop.

4. A gender determination process demonstration simulator according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a counting device.

5. A gender determination process demonstration simulator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The counting device includes two counters and two labels. The two counters are used to record the number of times the XY and XX chromosome combinations occur, respectively, and the two labels are used to identify and distinguish the counters.

6. A gender determination process demonstration simulator according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a support structure, on which the turntable, drive device and counting device are all mounted.

7. A gender determination process demonstration simulator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support structure includes a base and uprights fixed to the base.

8. A gender determination process demonstration simulator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The driving device is a motor, which is installed at the top of the pole.

9. A gender determination process demonstration simulator according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both the turntable and the egg cell model are connected to the motor drive via a rotating shaft.

10. A gender determination process demonstration simulator according to claim 9, characterized in that, The elastic connector is a spring or a rubber column.

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