Drainage ditch forming device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of port engineering construction equipment, and discloses a drainage ditch forming device, including a template system, a support assembly, an expansion joint forming assembly, and a concrete pouring thickness monitoring assembly. The template system consists of parallel inner and outer templates forming a cavity that matches the cross-section of the drainage ditch. Double-sided waterproofing strips are pasted at the template joints to prevent grout leakage. The support assembly secures the templates with tie bolts and steel pipe supports, ensuring stability during concrete pouring. The expansion joint forming assembly consists of a vertically arranged foam rubber sheet within the cavity and positioning components fixed to the inside of the template, used to prefabricate expansion joints during pouring. The thickness monitoring assembly consists of an array of ultrasonic thickness sensors arranged along the height of the inner template to detect the concrete pouring thickness in real time. This device effectively prevents grout leakage, maintains template positioning accuracy, prefabricates expansion joints, and monitors pouring thickness, improving the construction quality and efficiency of drainage ditches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of port engineering construction equipment, specifically to a drainage ditch forming device. Background Technology

[0002] In port yard engineering, open drainage ditches are crucial facilities for ensuring smooth drainage. However, the traditional method of installing scattered wooden formwork in open drainage ditch construction has several problems. First, the formwork positioning accuracy is low, easily leading to deviations in the ditch dimensions, which in turn affects the designed drainage slope (e.g., a 1% slope). Second, the sealing effect of the formwork joints is poor, making it easy for grout to leak during concrete pouring, resulting in honeycomb-like pitting on the ditch surface. Furthermore, the inaccurate positioning of expansion joints can easily lead to skewing or spacing deviations, failing to meet design requirements (e.g., a 2cm wide joint every 12 meters). Finally, the stability of the supporting structure is insufficient, easily causing formwork deformation during pouring, affecting the verticality of the ditch. These problems directly affect the quality and effectiveness of the open drainage ditches.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, an integrated, high-precision drainage ditch forming device needs to be designed to improve construction quality and efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a drainage ditch forming device that solves the problems of low positioning accuracy, poor sealing, expansion joint deviation and unstable support in traditional formwork construction, and ensures the dimensional accuracy, surface quality and structural stability of the drainage ditch.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a drainage ditch forming device, which includes:

[0006] The template system consists of an inner template and an outer template, which are set in parallel to form a cavity that matches the cross-section of the drainage ditch. Double-sided waterproof strips are pasted at the joints of the inner template and the outer template.

[0007] The support assembly includes tie bolts and steel pipe supports, the tie bolts passing through the inner template and the outer template and fastened by nuts, and the steel pipe supports being used to support and fix the inner template and the outer template during concrete pouring;

[0008] An expansion joint forming assembly includes a foam rubber board and a positioning element, wherein the foam rubber board is vertically inserted into a cavity, and the positioning element is fixed to the inner side of the inner template and the outer template;

[0009] A concrete pouring thickness monitoring component includes an array of ultrasonic thickness sensors arranged at intervals along the height direction of the inner template for real-time detection of concrete pouring thickness.

[0010] Preferably, the inner template and the outer template have the same thickness, and the enclosing area of ​​the outer template is larger than that of the inner template.

[0011] Preferably, the tie bolt is Round steel bars are arranged at 500mm intervals along the height direction and 600mm intervals along the horizontal direction of the inner and outer templates.

[0012] Preferably, the steel pipe supports are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the inner template and the outer template. Each steel pipe support includes a transverse support and an oblique support. The two ends of the transverse support abut against the inner template and the outer template, respectively. One end of the oblique support is hinged to the transverse support, and the other end of the oblique support is fixed to the foundation.

[0013] Preferably, the lateral support is a steel pipe with adjustable screw top supports at both ends, the diagonal support is hinged to the lateral support through steel plate connectors, and the diagonal support is fixed to the foundation embedded parts by expansion bolts.

[0014] Preferably, the positioning element is a U-shaped angle steel, symmetrically welded to the inner side of the inner template and the outer template, and the foam rubber board has a thickness of 20mm.

[0015] Preferably, the drainage ditch forming device further includes a subbase positioning component, fixed to the bottom of the outer template, for defining the concrete subbase pouring boundary.

[0016] Preferably, the inner template and the outer template are bamboo plywood, plywood, film-coated wood template or thin steel plate.

[0017] Preferably, a sealing sleeve is fixedly installed on the inner side of the inner template, and the ultrasonic thickness sensor is embedded in the inner side of the sealing sleeve. The sealing sleeve and the ultrasonic thickness sensor are evenly arranged along the height direction of the inner template.

[0018] Preferably, a wireless transmission module is fixedly installed inside the sealing sleeve, and the ultrasonic thickness sensor is electrically connected to the wireless transmission module. The ultrasonic thickness sensor transmits monitoring data to a terminal device through the wireless transmission module, displaying the actual concrete thickness, design thickness, and deviation value in real time. An audible and visual alarm device is fixedly installed on the top of the inner formwork, and the audible and visual alarm device is electrically connected to the ultrasonic thickness sensor. This device automatically triggers an alarm when the detected concrete thickness deviation exceeds a preset deviation threshold. Preferably, the preset deviation threshold is ±5mm.

[0019] Preferably, the terminal device includes a housing, a touch screen on the surface of the housing, a built-in processor and a data storage module, and a wireless receiving antenna matched with the wireless transmission module on the housing. The processor is electrically connected to the touch screen, the data storage module and the wireless receiving antenna respectively.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0021] This drainage ditch forming device achieves more efficient and precise drainage ditch forming by optimizing the template system, support components, expansion joint forming components, and concrete pouring thickness monitoring components. First, double-sided waterproofing strips are applied to the joints of the inner and outer templates to effectively prevent concrete leakage and ensure the integrity of the cavity. Second, the support components, including tie bolts and steel pipe supports, firmly fix the inner and outer templates, ensuring that the templates do not deform during concrete pouring, thus improving construction stability and safety. The expansion joint forming component, through the cooperation of foam rubber sheets and positioning components, effectively forms expansion joints, avoiding cracking problems after concrete pouring. Finally, the concrete pouring thickness monitoring component uses an array of ultrasonic thickness sensors to monitor the concrete pouring thickness in real time, ensuring uniform thickness during the pouring process and further improving construction quality. These innovative designs work together to improve the accuracy, efficiency, and construction safety of drainage ditch forming.

[0022] In terms of structural stability and durability, this invention employs a high-strength support system, through... Steel pipe supports, combined with hinged diagonal bracing, effectively resist lateral pressure from concrete, preventing deformation or displacement of the formwork during pouring. For expansion joints, permanent foam rubber sheets or equivalent materials are used as flexible fillers, effectively absorbing stress caused by temperature changes or foundation settlement, reducing the risk of cracking in the open ditch. Double-sided waterproofing strips are used at formwork joints, employing bamboo plywood or equivalent materials with a thickness of at least 12mm to fundamentally prevent concrete leakage, ensuring a smooth ditch surface with surface deviation controlled within 2mm / m.

[0023] In terms of intelligent construction and quality control, ultrasonic sensors are arranged at 300mm intervals along the entire formwork to monitor the sidewall pouring thickness in real time. All monitoring data is wirelessly transmitted to terminal devices, enabling visualized management of the construction process. When the detected concrete thickness deviation exceeds ±5mm, the system's audible and visual alarm device will automatically trigger, prompting construction personnel to adjust the pouring or vibration process in a timely manner to avoid quality defects. Furthermore, this monitoring data can be directly integrated into the Building Information Modeling (BIM) system to automatically generate thickness deviation cloud maps, providing accurate data support for subsequent project acceptance and operation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the steel pipe support of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the steel pipe support of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the inner template of this utility model.

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] 1. Inner formwork; 2. Outer formwork; 3. Cavity; 4. Double-sided waterproofing strip; 5. Tie bolts;

[0031] 6. Steel pipe support; 61. Lateral support; 611. Top support; 62. Diagonal support; 621. Steel plate connector;

[0032] 7. Foam rubber sheet; 8. Positioning component; 9. Pad positioning component; 10. Sealing sleeve; 11. Ultrasonic thickness sensor; 12. Wireless transmission module; 13. Audible and visual alarm device. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0034] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0036] In the above description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "one side," "the other side," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] Furthermore, terms such as "identical" do not imply that components must be absolutely identical; minor differences are permissible. The term "perpendicular" simply means that the positional relationship between components is more perpendicular than "parallel," not that the structure must be perfectly perpendicular; a slight tilt is acceptable.

[0038] Figures 1 to 5 This is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is described below in conjunction with... Figures 1 to 5 The present invention will be further described below. A drainage ditch forming device includes:

[0039] The formwork system consists of an inner formwork 1 and an outer formwork 2, both made of bamboo plywood (thickness ≥ 12mm). The inner formwork 1 and outer formwork 2 are set parallel to each other, forming a cavity 3 that matches the cross-section of the drainage ditch (the cross-sectional dimensions are determined according to the design, e.g., ditch width B + 500mm). Double-sided waterproofing strips 4 (20mm wide, 3mm thick) are pasted at the joints between the inner formwork 1 and outer formwork 2. At the joints formed by splicing multiple bamboo plywood pieces on the same side of the formwork (inner formwork 1 or outer formwork 2), double-sided waterproofing strips 4 are pasted for sealing. A joint refers to the gap between adjacent panels of the same side of the formwork. In actual construction, because a drainage ditch is usually quite long, the formwork cannot be made into a single long panel; therefore, it needs to be assembled from multiple formwork panels (such as bamboo plywood), thus forming joints between the formwork panels. The splicing seams mainly appear at the connection points between two adjacent inner templates 1 along the length of the channel, and at the connection points between two adjacent outer templates 2; when the template height is insufficient, vertical splicing seams can also be formed between the upper and lower overlapping templates.

[0040] Specifically, the inner formwork 1 and the outer formwork 2 have different areas or sizes. According to the construction requirements of open drainage ditches, the inner formwork 1 is used to form the inner outline of the open ditch, and the outer formwork 2 is used to define the outer boundary of the open ditch. The two are set in parallel to form a cavity 3 that matches the cross-section of the open ditch (e.g., ditch width B+500mm). Because the sidewall of the open ditch has thickness (determined by the design), the enclosed area of ​​the outer formwork 2 needs to be larger than that of the inner formwork 1. Therefore, the area of ​​the outer formwork 2 is larger than that of the inner formwork 1.

[0041] Specifically, bamboo plywood is not required for the formwork. Bamboo plywood is chosen to ensure appearance quality. Other equivalent materials can be selected according to construction needs, such as high-strength plywood, film-coated wood formwork, or thin steel plates, as long as they can meet the requirements of formwork rigidity and surface flatness, and effectively prevent grout leakage and ensure the quality of concrete molding. The alternative materials must have the same strength (thickness ≥ 12mm) and stability as bamboo plywood to withstand the lateral pressure during concrete pouring.

[0042] The support assembly includes tie bolts 5 and steel pipe supports 6; the tie bolts 5 are... Round steel bars are installed at 500mm intervals along the height of the templates (inner template 1 and outer template 2) and at 600mm intervals horizontally, penetrating both the inner template 1 and the outer template 2 and secured with nuts; For example... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the steel pipe support 6 adopts... Steel pipes are installed every 1.5m along the length of the template (inner template 1 and outer template 2). Each set includes a horizontal support 61 and a diagonal support 62. The two ends of the horizontal support 61 abut against the inner template 1 and the outer template 2 respectively. One end of the diagonal support 62 is hinged to the horizontal support 61, and the other end is fixed to the foundation.

[0043] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, specifically, the lateral support 61 adopts... The straight-seam welded steel pipe is horizontally straight, and its length matches the spacing between the inner template 1 and the outer template 2 (i.e., the sum of the design thickness of the drainage ditch sidewall and the thickness of the two templates). Both ends are connected to the inner template 1 and the outer template 2 via detachable top supports 611. The top supports 611 employ an adjustable-length screw structure (adjustment range 0-100mm) to accommodate minor dimensional deviations during template installation, ensuring a tight fit between the transverse support 61 and the template surface. The connection between the transverse support 61 and the diagonal support 62 is welded with perforated sections. The steel plate connector 621 is hinged to the inclined support 62 through a pin, ensuring that the support system can rotate slightly when under stress to coordinate load transfer.

[0044] Specifically, the diagonal support 62 is arranged at an angle, with one end hinged to the transverse support 61 via the aforementioned steel plate connector 621, and the other end fixed to the foundation via embedded parts. Its angle of inclination is calculated based on the formwork height and the foundation bearing capacity (45°-60°) to form a stable triangular force-bearing system. A square steel plate measuring 150mm × 150mm × 10mm is welded to the end connected to the foundation. This square steel plate is fixed to the foundation (compacted subgrade or concrete pad) with four M16 expansion bolts, ensuring effective transmission of lateral forces during concrete pouring and preventing overall formwork displacement.

[0045] The expansion joint forming component includes a foam rubber board 7 (20mm thick) and a positioning component 8. The foam rubber board 7 is vertically set in the cavity 3, and one is set every 12m along the length of the open ditch. The positioning component 8 is a U-shaped angle steel (∠50×5), which is symmetrically fixed to the inner side of the inner template 1 and the outer template 2. The foam rubber board 7 is inserted into the U-shaped groove of the positioning component 8.

[0046] Specifically, an expansion joint is a narrow gap that runs through the cross-section of a concrete, reinforced concrete, or masonry structure. This gap is intentionally left during design and construction to absorb displacement caused by thermal expansion and contraction or settlement, prevent irregular cracks caused by stress concentration, and also serve as a buffer and waterproofing mechanism.

[0047] Specifically, expansion joints are arranged along the length of the open drainage ditch, with one joint every 12 meters according to the design drawings. These joints run from the bottom to the top of the ditch, penetrating the entire cross-section and dividing the ditch structure into several segments. During construction, flexible foam rubber sheets or equivalent materials approximately 20mm thick are inserted at predetermined locations and fixed using U-shaped angle steel positioning components, forming a complete expansion joint at that point after the concrete is poured. The function of the expansion joints is to divide the long concrete drainage ditch into multiple independent sections (units). Each section can expand and contract relatively freely with temperature changes or foundation settlement, preventing excessive temperature stress or shrinkage cracking due to overall length.

[0048] Alternatively, foam rubber sheet 7 is not a necessary or sole material; its function is to meet the flexible filling requirements of expansion joints and adapt to deformation of open ditches caused by temperature changes or settlement. Polystyrene board is a feasible alternative material. Furthermore, flexible materials with equivalent elasticity, water resistance, and durability, such as closed-cell foam plastic board and polyethylene foam board, can be used as equivalent alternatives to fill expansion joints and achieve sealing and buffering functions, provided their thickness (20mm), compression set, and waterproofing performance meet design requirements. These alternative materials must be compatible with the U-shaped groove of the positioning component 8 to ensure they do not detach or deform during construction and use, thus meeting the structural and functional requirements of the expansion joint.

[0049] The cushion layer positioning component 9 is an L-shaped angle steel (∠63×6) fixed to the bottom of the outer formwork 2 to define the pouring boundary of the C15 concrete cushion layer. Its top surface elevation is consistent with the design top elevation of the cushion layer.

[0050] During construction, the foundation is first leveled and the foundation trench is excavated. A 10cm layer of graded crushed stone is laid according to the design elevation. The positioning piece 9 of the subbase is fixed on both sides of the foundation trench, and C15 concrete subbase is poured up to the top surface of the positioning piece 9. After the subbase strength reaches 70%, the inner formwork 1 and the outer formwork 2 are installed, and their spacing and verticality are adjusted (corrected with a total station, deviation ≤3mm). The formwork is fixed by tie bolts 5 and steel pipe supports 6 to ensure that the cavity 3 dimensions meet the design. Foam rubber boards 7 are inserted at the expansion joint and fixed by positioning pieces 8. C30 concrete is poured in layers (each layer thickness ≤300mm), and vibrated with a 50mm vibrator. After pouring, the concrete is cured for 7 days. When removing the formwork, the tie bolts 5 are loosened first, then the steel pipe supports 6 are removed, and finally the inner formwork 1 and the outer formwork 2 are taken out.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, in a further embodiment, the drainage ditch forming device further includes a concrete pouring thickness monitoring component, which includes an array of ultrasonic thickness sensors 11, spaced apart along the height direction of the inner template 1, for real-time detection of the concrete pouring thickness. A sealing sleeve 10 is fixedly installed inside the inner template 1, and the ultrasonic thickness sensors 11 are embedded inside the sealing sleeve 10. The sealing sleeve 10 and the ultrasonic thickness sensors 11 are arranged every 300mm along the height direction of the inner template 1, with monitoring points covering the entire height of the sidewall. A wireless transmission module 12 is fixedly installed inside the sealing sleeve 10, and the ultrasonic thickness sensors 11 are electrically connected to the wireless transmission module 12. The ultrasonic thickness sensors 11 transmit data to the terminal device through the wireless transmission module 12, displaying the actual concrete thickness, design thickness, and deviation value with an accuracy of ±2mm in real time. An audible and visual alarm device 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner template 1, and the audible and visual alarm device 13 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic thickness sensors 11. When a concrete thickness deviation exceeding ±5mm is detected, an alarm is automatically triggered.

[0052] The ultrasonic thickness sensor 11 detects the actual pouring thickness of the concrete at the corresponding monitoring point (i.e., the vertical distance from the inner side of the inner formwork to the concrete surface), the design thickness of the monitoring point (the theoretical thickness value determined according to the design of the drainage ditch sidewall structure), the deviation between the actual thickness and the design thickness (accurate to ±2mm), and the specific position coordinates of the monitoring point along the height direction of the formwork (e.g., the height from the top surface of the subbase). These data directly reflect the filling density and thickness uniformity of the concrete at different heights during the pouring process. They allow for real-time assessment of whether there are issues with insufficient thickness due to localized pouring that is too thin, too thick, or lack of vibration. This provides precise information for operators to adjust the pouring direction and vibration focus, ensuring that the sidewall thickness meets design standards and guaranteeing the strength and durability of the C30 concrete structure.

[0053] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A drainage ditch forming device, characterized in that, include: The template system consists of an inner template (1) and an outer template (2), which are set in parallel to form a cavity (3) that matches the cross section of the drainage ditch. Double-sided waterproof strips (4) are pasted at the joints of the inner template (1) and the outer template (2). The support assembly includes tie bolts (5) and steel pipe supports (6), the tie bolts (5) passing through the inner template (1) and the outer template (2) and being fastened by nuts, and the steel pipe supports (6) being used to support and fix the inner template (1) and the outer template (2) during concrete pouring. The expansion joint forming assembly includes a foam rubber board (7) and a positioning element (8), wherein the foam rubber board (7) is vertically inserted into the cavity (3), and the positioning element (8) is fixed to the inner template (1) and the outer template (2); A concrete pouring thickness monitoring component includes an array of ultrasonic thickness sensors (11) spaced apart along the height direction of the inner template (1) for real-time detection of concrete pouring thickness.

2. The drainage ditch forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner template (1) and the outer template (2) have the same thickness, and the enclosing area of ​​the outer template (2) is larger than that of the inner template (1).

3. The drainage ditch forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tie bolts (5) are φ12mm round steel bars, arranged at 500mm intervals along the height direction and 600mm intervals along the horizontal direction of the inner template (1) and the outer template (2).

4. The drainage ditch forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel pipe supports (6) are arranged at intervals along the length of the inner template (1) and the outer template (2). Each steel pipe support (6) includes a transverse support (61) and an oblique support (62). The two ends of the transverse support (61) abut against the inner template (1) and the outer template (2) respectively. One end of the oblique support (62) is hinged to the transverse support (61), and the other end of the oblique support (62) is fixed to the foundation.

5. The drainage ditch forming device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lateral support (61) is a steel pipe with adjustable screw top supports (611) at both ends. The oblique support (62) is hinged to the lateral support (61) through a steel plate connector (621). The oblique support (62) is fixed to the foundation embedded parts by expansion bolts.

6. The drainage ditch forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning component (8) is a U-shaped angle steel, which is symmetrically welded to the inner side of the inner template (1) and the outer template (2). The foam rubber board (7) has a thickness of 20mm.

7. The drainage ditch forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cushion layer positioning element (9), which is fixed to the bottom of the outer template (2) to define the concrete cushion layer pouring boundary.

8. The drainage ditch forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner template (1) and the outer template (2) are bamboo plywood, plywood, film-coated wood template or thin steel plate.

9. A drainage ditch forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing sleeve (10) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the inner template (1), and the ultrasonic thickness sensor (11) is embedded in the inner side of the sealing sleeve (10). The sealing sleeve (10) and the ultrasonic thickness sensor (11) are evenly arranged along the height direction of the inner template (1).

10. A drainage ditch forming device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A wireless transmission module (12) is fixedly installed inside the sealing sleeve (10). The ultrasonic thickness sensor (11) is electrically connected to the wireless transmission module (12). The ultrasonic thickness sensor (11) sends monitoring data to the terminal device through the wireless transmission module (12) to display the actual thickness, design thickness and deviation value of the concrete in real time. An audible and visual alarm device (13) is fixedly installed on the top of the inner template (1). The audible and visual alarm device (13) is electrically connected to the ultrasonic thickness sensor (11) and is used to automatically trigger an alarm when the detected concrete thickness deviation exceeds a preset deviation threshold.

Images