A power supply circuit and an energy storage system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521938740.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-09
AI Technical Summary
[0023]1. By setting AC power supplies with different priorities and controlling the closing state of the switch based on the energization state of the coil, the switching of different AC power supplies can be realized, ensuring that the load is powered by the highest priority available AC power supply.
Smart Images
Figure CN224746319U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of power switching technology, and in particular to a power supply circuit and energy storage system. Background Technology
[0002] In existing grid-connected and off-grid energy storage systems, a stable power supply to the main control unit is crucial. Field systems may have multiple AC power sources, such as the power grid, diesel generators, energy storage cabinets, or emergency power supplies.
[0003] The system may be powered by only one of the following sources: the power grid, diesel generator, energy storage cabinet, emergency power supply, or other multiple AC power sources. Power can be supplied to the system control host as long as any of these sources are powered. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a power supply circuit that switches between multiple AC power sources to achieve uninterrupted power supply to the load.
[0005] This application provides a power supply circuit connected to a load, the power supply circuit including:
[0006] The multiple AC power supply includes a first AC power supply and a second AC power supply; the first AC power supply has a higher power supply priority than the second AC power supply.
[0007] The first relay includes a first coil, a first switch, and a second switch. The input terminal of the first coil is connected to the live wire terminal of the first AC power supply. The output terminal of the first coil is connected to the neutral wire terminal of the first AC power supply. The first switch is connected to the live wire terminal of the load, and the second switch is connected to the neutral wire terminal of the load. The closing state of the first switch and the second switch is controlled based on the energized state of the first coil, thereby realizing the switching between the first AC power supply and the second AC power supply.
[0008] In a further embodiment, the normally closed contact of the first switch is connected to the live wire of the second AC power supply; the normally open contact of the first switch is connected to the live wire of the first AC power supply; the normally closed contact of the second switch is connected to the neutral wire of the second AC power supply, and the normally open contact of the second switch is connected to the neutral wire of the first AC power supply.
[0009] In a further embodiment, the power supply circuit further includes a first circuit breaker and a second circuit breaker; a first AC power supply is connected to a first relay through the first circuit breaker; and a second AC power supply is connected to the first relay through the second circuit breaker.
[0010] In a further embodiment, the power supply circuit also includes a third AC power supply and a second relay; the power supply priority of the third AC power supply is lower than that of the second AC power supply.
[0011] The second relay includes a second coil, a third switch, and a fourth switch; the input terminal of the second coil is connected to the live wire terminal of the second AC power supply through the first switch; the output terminal of the second coil is connected to the neutral wire terminal of the second AC power supply through the second switch.
[0012] The third switch is connected to the live wire of the load; the fourth switch is connected to the neutral wire of the load.
[0013] In a further embodiment, the normally closed contact of the third switch is connected to the live wire of the third AC power supply; the normally open contact of the third switch is connected to the live wire of the second AC power supply through the first switch; the normally closed contact of the fourth switch is connected to the neutral wire of the third AC power supply; and the normally open contact of the fourth switch is connected to the neutral wire of the second AC power supply through the second switch.
[0014] In a further embodiment, the power supply circuit also includes a third circuit breaker, through which the third AC power branch is connected to the second relay.
[0015] In a further embodiment, the power supply circuit also includes an nth AC power source and an (n-1)th relay, where n ≥ 4; the power supply priority of the nth AC power source is lower than that of the (n-1)th AC power source.
[0016] The (n-1)th relay includes an (n-1)th coil, a (2n-3)th switch, and a (2n-2)th switch; the input terminal of the (n-1)th coil is connected to the live wire terminal of the (n-1)th AC power supply; the output terminal of the (n-1)th coil is connected to the neutral wire terminal of the (n-1)th AC power supply.
[0017] The 2n-3 switch is connected to the live wire of the load; the 2n-2 switch is connected to the neutral wire of the load.
[0018] In a further embodiment, the normally closed contact of the 2n-3rd switch is connected to the live wire of the nth AC power supply; the normally closed contact of the 2n-2nd switch is connected to the neutral wire of the nth AC power supply.
[0019] In a further embodiment, the power supply circuit also includes an nth circuit breaker, through which the nth AC power supply is connected to the (n-1)th relay.
[0020] This application also provides an energy storage system, including:
[0021] The power supply circuit and load are as described in any of the above items, and the power supply circuit is connected to the load.
[0022] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, this application has at least one of the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
[0023] 1. By setting AC power supplies with different priorities and controlling the closing state of the switch based on the energization state of the coil, the switching of different AC power supplies can be realized, ensuring that the load is powered by the highest priority available AC power supply.
[0024] 2. By designing normally open and normally closed contacts, direct connection between different power supplies is avoided, preventing electrical faults caused by inconsistencies in power supply frequency, phase, and other parameters.
[0025] 3. Each AC power source is equipped with a circuit breaker to quickly disconnect the circuit in case of overload or short circuit, thus improving safety.
[0026] 4. When some power supplies are unavailable, the system can quickly switch to the backup power supply, thereby avoiding the risk of power outages caused by a single power supply failure and improving the overall power supply stability and reliability of the system. Attached Figure Description
[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0028] in:
[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit provided in the first embodiment of this application;
[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit provided in the second embodiment of this application;
[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit provided in the third embodiment of this application;
[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the framework of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining this application and not for limiting it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all structures. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0034] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.
[0035] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0036] In existing systems, there is no clear priority setting mechanism for multiple power supplies. When multiple power supplies are available simultaneously, chaotic power supply situations can occur, even leading to frequent power switching by the load and affecting its normal operation. Furthermore, when multiple power supplies are powered, their frequencies and phases may differ, so these power supply lines cannot be connected in series.
[0037] Example 1
[0038] In view of this, this application provides a power supply circuit, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the power supply circuit provided in the first embodiment of this application includes:
[0039] The multiple AC power supply includes a first AC power supply and a second AC power supply; the first AC power supply has a higher power supply priority than the second AC power supply.
[0040] The first relay KA1 includes a first coil Q1, a first switch K1, and a second switch K2. The input terminal 1 of the first coil is connected to the live wire L1 of the first AC power supply. The output terminal 8 of the first coil is connected to the neutral wire N1 of the first AC power supply. The first switch K1 is connected to the live wire LOAD_L of the load, i.e., the fixed contact 3 of the first switch is connected to the live wire LOAD_L of the load. The second switch K2 is connected to the neutral wire LOAD_N of the load, i.e., the fixed contact 6 of the second switch K2 is connected to the neutral wire LOAD_N of the load. The first AC power supply and the second AC power supply are switched based on the first relay KA1, i.e., the energization state of the first coil Q1 controls the closing state of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, thereby realizing the switching between the first AC power supply and the second AC power supply.
[0041] The normally closed contact 2 of the first switch is connected to the live wire L2 of the second AC power supply; the normally open contact 4 of the first switch is connected to the live wire L1 of the first AC power supply; the normally closed contact 7 of the second switch is connected to the neutral wire N2 of the second AC power supply; and the normally open contact 5 of the second switch is connected to the neutral wire N1 of the first AC power supply.
[0042] The circuit switching principle of this embodiment is described in detail below:
[0043] When the first AC power supply is available, the live wire L1 of the first AC power supply is connected to the input terminal 1 of the first coil Q1, and the neutral wire N1 is connected to the output terminal 8. When the first AC power supply is powered, the current enters Q1 through L1 and flows out from N1, thereby activating the first coil Q1.
[0044] With the activation of the first coil Q1, the normally open contact 4 of K1 closes, while the normally closed contact 2 opens. This means that the normally closed contact 2, which was originally connected to the live wire terminal L2 of the second AC power supply, opens, while the normally open contact 4, which was connected to the live wire terminal L1 of the first AC power supply, closes, thereby allowing the live wire terminal LOAD_L of the load to be directly connected to the live wire terminal L1 of the first AC power supply through the fixed contact 3 of K1.
[0045] When the normally closed contact 7 of the second switch K2 is opened, it is disconnected from the neutral terminal N2 of the second AC power supply, while the normally open contact 5 is closed, so that the neutral terminal LOAD_N of the load is directly connected to the neutral terminal N1 of the first AC power supply through the fixed contact 6 of K2.
[0046] Therefore, when the first AC power source is energized, the load will be powered by the first AC power source.
[0047] When the first AC power source is unavailable, but the second AC power source is available:
[0048] If the first AC power supply is unavailable, the first coil Q1 will lose power, preventing it from being activated.
[0049] Because the first coil Q1 is not activated, the normally closed contact 2 of K1 remains closed, while the normally open contact 4 remains open; at this time, the live wire terminal LOAD_L of the load is connected to the live wire terminal L2 of the second AC power supply through the fixed contact 3 and the normally closed contact 2 of K1.
[0050] The normally closed contact 7 of the second switch K2 remains closed, while the normally open contact 5 remains open. In this way, the neutral terminal LOAD_N of the load is connected to the neutral terminal N2 of the second AC power supply through the fixed contact 6 and the normally closed contact 7 of K2.
[0051] Therefore, when the first AC power source is unavailable and the second AC power source is available, the power supply circuit switches to the second AC power source based on the first relay. That is, the second AC power source can only supply power to the load when the first AC power source is unavailable, and the power supply priority of the first AC power source is greater than that of the second AC power source.
[0052] It should be clarified that the relay's method of switching the switch from a normally closed contact to a normally open contact based on the energization of the coil is a conventional technical means that can be obtained by those skilled in the art, and will not be elaborated here.
[0053] The power supply circuit also includes a first circuit breaker and a second circuit breaker; the first AC power supply is connected to the first relay KA1 through the first circuit breaker; the second AC power supply is connected to the first relay KA1 through the second circuit breaker; the first circuit breaker is installed between the first AC power supply and the first relay KA1 to protect the circuit from overload or short circuit. Once an abnormal current is detected, it immediately disconnects the circuit to prevent damage to the equipment. The second circuit breaker has the same function as the first circuit breaker, and its principle will not be described further here.
[0054] In summary, the power supply circuit of this embodiment includes multiple AC power sources and a first relay. The multiple AC power sources include a first AC power source and a second AC power source. The first AC power source has a higher power supply priority than the second AC power source. The first relay includes a first coil, a first switch, and a second switch. The input terminal of the first coil is connected to the live wire of the first AC power source. The output terminal of the first coil is connected to the neutral wire of the first AC power source. The first switch is connected to the live wire of the load, and the second switch is connected to the neutral wire of the load. The closing state of the first and second switches is controlled based on the energizing state of the first coil, thereby realizing the switching between the first and second AC power sources. By setting AC power source branches with different priorities and using a relay to automatically switch to the highest priority available power source, the power supply stability is improved.
[0055] Example 2
[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the power supply circuit provided in the second embodiment of this application. The power supply circuit also includes a third AC power supply and a second relay KA2. The power supply priority of the third AC power supply is lower than that of the second AC power supply.
[0057] The second relay KA2 includes a second coil Q2, a third switch K3, and a fourth switch K4; the input terminal of the second coil Q2 is connected to the live wire terminal L2 of the second AC power supply through the first switch K1; the output terminal of the second coil Q2 is connected to the neutral wire terminal L2 of the second AC power supply through the second switch K2.
[0058] The third switch K3 is connected to the live wire of the load; the fourth switch K4 is connected to the neutral wire of the load.
[0059] The normally closed contact of the third switch K3 is connected to the live wire L3 of the third AC power supply; the normally open contact of the third switch is connected to the live wire L2 of the second AC power supply through the first switch; the normally closed contact of the fourth switch is connected to the neutral wire N3 of the third AC power supply; and the normally open contact of the fourth switch is connected to the neutral wire N2 of the second AC power supply through the second switch.
[0060] The circuit switching principle of this embodiment is described in detail below:
[0061] When the first AC power supply is available, the state of the first relay KA1 is as described in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here; the input terminal of the second coil Q2 is connected to the live wire terminal L1 of the first AC power supply through the first switch K1, the second coil Q2 is powered on, and the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 are switched from normally closed contacts to normally open contacts;
[0062] The live wire terminal LOAD_L of the load is connected to the live wire terminal L1 of the first AC power supply through the third switch K3 and the first switch K1; the neutral wire terminal LOAD_N of the load is connected to the neutral wire terminal N1 of the first AC power supply through the fourth switch K4 and the second switch K2; at this time, the first AC power supply supplies power to the load.
[0063] When the first AC power supply is unavailable but the second AC power supply is available; the input terminal of the second coil Q2 is connected to the live wire terminal L2 of the second AC power supply through the first switch K1, the second coil is energized, and the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 are switched from normally closed contacts to normally open contacts;
[0064] The live wire terminal LOAD_L of the load is connected to the live wire terminal L2 of the second AC power supply through the third switch K3 and the first switch K1; the neutral wire terminal LOAD_N of the load is connected to the neutral wire terminal N2 of the second AC power supply through the fourth switch K4 and the second switch K2; at this time, the second AC power supply supplies power to the load.
[0065] When the first and second AC power supplies are unavailable, but the third AC power supply is available, the second coil Q2 is not energized, and the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 are in contact with their corresponding normally closed contacts.
[0066] The live wire terminal LOAD_L of the load is connected to the live wire terminal L3 of the third AC power supply through the third switch K3; the neutral wire terminal LOAD_N of the load is connected to the neutral wire terminal N3 of the third AC power supply through the fourth switch K4; at this time, the load is powered by the third AC power supply.
[0067] In this embodiment, the power supply priority of each AC power source is: first AC power source > second AC power source > third AC power source.
[0068] The power supply circuit also includes a third circuit breaker, through which the third AC power supply is connected to the second relay KA2; the function of the third circuit breaker is exactly the same as that of the first and second circuit breakers, and will not be described again here.
[0069] Example 3
[0070] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the power supply circuit provided in the third embodiment of this application includes an nth AC power supply and an (n-1)th relay KAn-1, where n≥4; the power supply priority of the nth AC power supply is lower than that of the (n-1)th AC power supply.
[0071] The (n-1)th relay includes an (n-1)th coil Qn-1, a (2n-3)th switch K2n-3, and a (2n-2)th switch K2n-2; the input terminal of the (n-1)th coil Qn-1 is connected to the live wire terminal of the (n-1)th AC power supply; the output terminal of the (n-1)th coil is connected to the neutral wire terminal of the (n-1)th AC power supply.
[0072] Switch K2n-3 (2n-3) is connected to the live wire of the load; switch K2n-2 (2n-2) is connected to the neutral wire of the load.
[0073] The normally closed contact of switch K2n-3 (2n-3) is connected to the live wire Ln of the nth AC power supply; the normally closed contact of switch K2n-2 (2n-2) is connected to the neutral wire Nn of the nth AC power supply.
[0074] The switching principle of the nth AC power supply and the (n-1)th relay is the same as that of the third AC power supply and the second relay KA2 in Example 2, and will not be repeated here.
[0075] The power supply circuit also includes the nth circuit breaker, and the nth AC power supply is connected to the (n-1)th relay through the nth circuit breaker; the function of the nth circuit breaker is exactly the same as that of the first circuit breaker, the second circuit breaker and the third circuit breaker, and will not be described again here.
[0076] It should be clarified that multiple AC power sources can be provided by the power grid, diesel generators, energy storage cabinets, emergency power supplies, or other multiple AC power sources; and this application does not limit the fixed nature of the first AC power source. For example, when the energy storage cabinet has sufficient capacity, the first AC power source can be provided based on the energy storage cabinet; when the grid electricity price is low, the first AC power source can be provided by the power grid; no restrictions are made in this regard.
[0077] This application also provides an energy storage system, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the framework of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application:
[0078] It includes a power supply circuit and a load as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the power supply circuit is connected to the load, and the power supply circuit provides uninterrupted power to the load.
[0079] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A power supply circuit connected to a load, characterized in that, The power supply circuit includes: A multi-channel AC power supply, comprising a first AC power supply and a second AC power supply; the first AC power supply has a higher power supply priority than the second AC power supply. The first relay includes a first coil, a first switch, and a second switch. The input terminal of the first coil is connected to the live wire of the first AC power supply. The output terminal of the first coil is connected to the neutral wire of the first AC power supply. The first switch is connected to the live wire of the load, and the second switch is connected to the neutral wire of the load. The closing state of the first switch and the second switch is controlled based on the energized state of the first coil, thereby realizing the switching between the first AC power supply and the second AC power supply.
2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The normally closed contact of the first switch is connected to the live wire of the second AC power supply; the normally open contact of the first switch is connected to the live wire of the first AC power supply; the normally closed contact of the second switch is connected to the neutral wire of the second AC power supply, and the normally open contact of the second switch is connected to the neutral wire of the first AC power supply.
3. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply circuit also includes a first circuit breaker and a second circuit breaker; the first AC power supply is connected to the first relay through the first circuit breaker; the second AC power supply is connected to the first relay through the second circuit breaker.
4. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply circuit also includes a third AC power source and a second relay; the power supply priority of the third AC power source is lower than that of the second AC power source. The second relay includes a second coil, a third switch, and a fourth switch; the input terminal of the second coil is connected to the live wire terminal of the second AC power supply through the first switch; the output terminal of the second coil is connected to the neutral wire terminal of the second AC power supply through the second switch. The third switch is connected to the live wire of the load; the fourth switch is connected to the neutral wire of the load.
5. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The normally closed contact of the third switch is connected to the live wire of the third AC power supply; the normally open contact of the third switch is connected to the live wire of the second AC power supply through the first switch; the normally closed contact of the fourth switch is connected to the neutral wire of the third AC power supply; the normally open contact of the fourth switch is connected to the neutral wire of the second AC power supply through the second switch.
6. The power supply circuit according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The power supply circuit also includes a third circuit breaker, through which the third AC power branch is connected to the second relay.
7. The power supply circuit according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The power supply circuit also includes the nth AC power source and the (n-1)th relay, where n ≥ 4; the power supply priority of the nth AC power source is lower than that of the (n-1)th AC power source. The (n-1)th relay includes an (n-1)th coil, a (2n-3)th switch, and a (2n-2)th switch; the input terminal of the (n-1)th coil is connected to the live wire terminal of the (n-1)th AC power supply; the output terminal of the (n-1)th coil is connected to the neutral wire terminal of the (n-1)th AC power supply. The 2n-3rd switch is connected to the live wire terminal of the load; the 2n-2nd switch is connected to the neutral wire terminal of the load.
8. The power supply circuit of claim 7, wherein, The normally closed contact of the 2n-3rd switch is connected to the live wire of the nth AC power supply; the normally closed contact of the 2n-2nd switch is connected to the neutral wire of the nth AC power supply.
9. The power supply circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power supply circuit also includes an nth circuit breaker, and the nth AC power supply is connected to the (n-1)th relay through the nth circuit breaker.
10. An energy storage system characterized by, include: The power supply circuit and load as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the power supply circuit is connected to the load.