Heat dissipation structure and motor controller
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522096080.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-29
AI Technical Summary
[0004]为了解决现有技术中的散热结构散热效率低、散热不均的技术问题，本实用新型提供了一种散热结构和电机控制器，解决了上述技术问题
1.本实用新型的散热结构，通过在散热机壳设有第一安装槽用于安装第一功率模块、第二安装槽用于安装第二功率模块，使得第一功率模块、第二功率模块能够直接通过散热结构内的冷却液散热，缩短了散热路径，相较于传统独立水冷方案散热效率更高；通过在第一安装槽和第二安装槽之间设置分流块，将进入进水水道的冷却液分为第一分支和第二分支，并分别流经第一安装槽和第二安装槽，减少了不同功率模块之间的相互干扰，通过调整分流块的尺寸和位置设计即可实现第一分支和第二分支内冷却液的流量分配，从而保障了各模块散热均匀；
Smart Images
Figure CN224746825U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of motor controller technology, and in particular to a heat dissipation structure and a motor controller. Background Technology
[0002] In motor controllers, the common heat dissipation method is independent water cooling, where each power module is mounted on a separate metal water-cooled plate (such as copper or aluminum). The heat dissipation structure and its cooling channels are mostly located inside the controller housing, and the coolant flows through the channels inside the water-cooled plate to carry away heat. The heat dissipation of multiple power modules is achieved by the cooling channels flowing through each independent water-cooled plate.
[0003] However, this independent water-cooled plate solution has the following significant drawbacks and challenges when applied to highly integrated all-in-one controllers: Since the heat dissipation structure is mostly located inside the housing and enclosed within it, the heat dissipation path is long—from the heat source to the inner wall of the housing to the coolant in the cooling channels—resulting in a generally poor cooling effect. Some motor controllers directly install the power modules within the heat dissipation structure inside the housing, allowing the coolant in the cooling channels to directly dissipate heat from the power modules. When multiple power modules are directly mounted on the heat dissipation structure, the different pressure drops at different power modules often lead to uneven coolant flow distribution, resulting in uneven heat dissipation across the modules on the heat dissipation structure. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the technical problems of low heat dissipation efficiency and uneven heat dissipation in existing heat dissipation structures, this utility model provides a heat dissipation structure and a motor controller, thus solving the aforementioned technical problems.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a heat dissipation structure, including a heat dissipation housing. The heat dissipation housing includes: at least one first mounting slot, which is formed on one side of the heat dissipation housing for mounting a first power module; at least one second mounting slot, which is formed on the other side of the heat dissipation housing for mounting a second power module; and a flow divider block, which is disposed between the corresponding first and second mounting slots. After the first power module and the second power module are mounted on the heat dissipation housing, a water inlet channel is formed between the first power module, the second power module and the heat dissipation housing. After the coolant enters the water inlet channel, it is divided into a first branch and a second branch by the flow divider block, and flows through the first mounting slot and the second mounting slot respectively.
[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple first mounting slots, and a first protrusion is formed between two adjacent first mounting slots. There is one second mounting slot. The diverting block is disposed between one first mounting slot and one second mounting slot. There is a first gap between the first protrusion near the diverting block and the diverting block, so that after the first branch flows out of the first mounting slot, it passes through the first gap and merges with the second branch flowing out of the second mounting slot into the next first mounting slot.
[0007] Preferably, the distance between the first protrusion near the diverter block and the heat sink housing on the side of the second mounting slot is greater than the width of the first gap.
[0008] According to another embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple first mounting slots, and a first protrusion is formed between two adjacent first mounting slots. There is a first gap between the first protrusion near the diverter block and the diverter block. There are multiple second mounting slots, and a second protrusion is formed between two adjacent second mounting slots. There is a second gap between the second protrusion and the first protrusion. After the first branch flows out from the first gap, it merges with the second branch and enters the next first mounting slot or the next second mounting slot through the second gap. The width of the second gap is larger than the first gap.
[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the heat dissipation structure further includes a sealing ring, which is disposed between the power module and the mounting groove.
[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a water outlet channel is further formed inside the heat dissipation housing. The inlet of the water outlet channel is connected to the outlet of the water inlet channel, and the outlet of the water outlet channel and the inlet of the water inlet channel are located on the same side of the heat dissipation housing.
[0011] This utility model also provides a motor controller, including the aforementioned heat dissipation structure, a first power module and a second power module, wherein the number of the first power modules is greater than or equal to the number of the first mounting slots, and the number of the second power modules is greater than or equal to the number of the second mounting slots.
[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first power module includes a power device and a heat dissipation base plate, wherein the heat dissipation base plate is installed in the first mounting groove.
[0013] Preferably, the heat dissipation base plate has a heat dissipation protrusion on the side facing the water inlet channel.
[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the motor controller further includes a main housing, which forms a space for accommodating the first power module and the second power module, and the main housing and the heat sink housing are integrally formed.
[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the technical effects that this utility model can achieve are as follows: 1. The heat dissipation structure of this utility model, by providing a first mounting slot for installing a first power module and a second mounting slot for installing a second power module in the heat dissipation housing, allows the first and second power modules to directly dissipate heat through the coolant within the heat dissipation structure, shortening the heat dissipation path and achieving higher heat dissipation efficiency compared to traditional independent water cooling solutions; by setting a flow divider between the first and second mounting slots, the coolant entering the water inlet channel is divided into a first branch and a second branch, which flow through the first and second mounting slots respectively, reducing mutual interference between different power modules; by adjusting the size and position design of the flow divider, the flow distribution of coolant within the first and second branches can be achieved, thereby ensuring uniform heat dissipation for each module; 2. In one embodiment of the heat dissipation structure of this utility model, the number of first mounting slots is set to multiple and the number of second mounting slots is set to one. Furthermore, the distance between the first protrusion near the flow divider block and the heat dissipation housing on the side of the second mounting slot is set to be greater than the width of the first gap. This avoids the surge in flow velocity caused by the superposition of flow rates, and makes the flow rate of the laminar flow zone of the first branch where the first branch is located, the laminar flow zone of the second branch where the second branch is located, and the turbulent flow zone where the first branch and the second branch meet balanced, thus ensuring uniform heat dissipation of each module. 3. In another embodiment of the heat dissipation structure of this utility model, the number of first mounting slots is set to multiple, the number of second mounting slots is set to multiple, and the second gap between the second protrusion and the first protrusion is further set to be greater than the first gap between the first protrusion and the flow divider block, so as to avoid the surge in flow velocity caused by the superposition of flow rate, so as to balance the flow rate of the first branch laminar flow zone, the second branch laminar flow zone and the turbulent flow zone where the first branch and the second branch merge, and ensure uniform heat dissipation of each module; 4. The heat dissipation structure of this utility model further includes an outlet water channel connected to the inlet water channel formed inside the heat dissipation housing, and the outlet of the outlet water channel and the inlet of the inlet water channel are set on the same side of the heat dissipation housing, which facilitates connection with the external liquid cooling circulation system. While the outlet water channel flows to the external liquid cooling circulation system, it can also help dissipate heat to other components on the heat dissipation housing, so as to make full use of the coolant. 5. The motor controller of this utility model, because it includes the above-mentioned heat dissipation structure, also has the above-mentioned beneficial effects; 6. The motor controller of this utility model further improves heat dissipation performance by providing heat dissipation protrusions on the heat dissipation base plate of the first power module, thereby increasing the contact area between the heat dissipation base plate and the coolant. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The first power module and the second power module are installed in Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the heat dissipation structure of the embodiment shown; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the coolant flow direction in the heat dissipation structure of the illustrated embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow direction of coolant within the heat sink housing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation structure according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor controller according to an embodiment of the present utility model; In the figure: 1-heat sink housing; 11-first mounting slot; 12-second mounting slot; 13-shunt block; 14-first protrusion; 15-second protrusion; 2-first power module; 21-power device; 22-heat sink base plate; 3-second power module; 4-main housing. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present utility model or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0018] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.
[0019] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.
[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself.
[0021] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.
[0022] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0023] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, this utility model embodiment provides a heat dissipation structure, including a heat dissipation housing 1. The heat dissipation housing 1 includes at least one first mounting slot 11, at least one second mounting slot 12, and a diverter block 13. The first mounting slot 11 is located on one side of the heat dissipation housing 1 and is used to install a first power module 2. The second mounting slot 12 is located on the other side of the heat dissipation housing 1 and is used to install a second power module 3. The diverter block 13 is disposed between the corresponding first mounting slot 11 and second mounting slot 12. After the first power module 2 and the second power module 3 are installed in the heat dissipation housing 1, a water inlet channel is formed between the first power module 2, the second power module 3, and the heat dissipation housing 1. After the coolant enters the water inlet channel, it is divided into a first branch and a second branch by the diverter block 13, and flows through the first mounting slot 11 and the second mounting slot 12 respectively. In the figure, the arrows indicate the direction of coolant flow.
[0024] It is understood that the heat dissipation structure of this utility model, by providing a first mounting slot 11 for mounting the first power module 2 and a second mounting slot 12 for mounting the second power module 3 in the heat dissipation housing 1, allows the first power module 2 and the second power module 3 to be directly cooled by the coolant in the heat dissipation structure, shortening the heat dissipation path and achieving higher heat dissipation efficiency compared to the traditional independent water cooling solution; by setting a flow divider 13 between the first mounting slot 11 and the second mounting slot 12, the coolant entering the water inlet channel is divided into a first branch and a second branch, which flow through the first mounting slot 11 and the second mounting slot 12 respectively, reducing mutual interference between different power modules; by adjusting the size and position design of the flow divider 13, the flow distribution of coolant in the first branch and the second branch can be achieved, thereby ensuring uniform heat dissipation of each module.
[0025] In one embodiment of this utility model, there are multiple first mounting slots 11, and a first protrusion 14 is formed between two adjacent first mounting slots 11. The first protrusion 14 can also be used to install a first power module 2. There is one second mounting slot 12. A diverter block 13 is disposed between a first mounting slot 11 and a second mounting slot 12. There is a first gap between the first protrusion 14 near the diverter block 13 and the diverter block 13, so that the first branch flows out of the first mounting slot 11 and passes through the first gap, and merges with the second branch flowing out of the second mounting slot 12 into the next first mounting slot 11.
[0026] Preferably, the distance between the first protrusion 14 near the flow divider block 13 and the heat dissipation housing 1 on the side of the second mounting groove 12 is greater than the width of the first gap, so as to avoid the surge in flow velocity caused by the superposition of flow rates, so as to balance the flow rate of the laminar flow zone of the first branch where the first branch is located, the laminar flow zone of the second branch where the second branch is located, and the turbulent flow zone where the first branch and the second branch meet, and ensure uniform heat dissipation of each module.
[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat dissipation structure may further include a sealing ring, which is disposed between the power module and the mounting slot to achieve a seal between the power module and the mounting slot.
[0028] In one embodiment of this utility model, a water outlet channel is further formed inside the heat dissipation housing 1. The inlet of the water outlet channel is connected to the outlet of the water inlet channel, and the outlet of the water outlet channel and the inlet of the water inlet channel are located on the same side of the heat dissipation housing 1 (e.g., Figure 4 As shown in the figure (arrows indicate the direction of coolant flow), it is convenient to connect with the external liquid cooling circulation system. While the water outlet flows to the external liquid cooling circulation system, it can also help dissipate heat from other components on the heat sink housing 1, so as to make full use of the coolant.
[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, in another embodiment of this utility model, there are multiple first mounting slots 11, and a first protrusion 14 is formed between two adjacent first mounting slots 11. The first protrusion 14 can also be used to install a first power module 2. There is a first gap between the first protrusion 14 near the flow divider block 13 and the flow divider block 13. There are multiple second mounting slots 12, and a second protrusion 15 is formed between two adjacent second mounting slots 12. The second protrusion 15 can also be used to install a second power module 3. There is a second gap between the second protrusion 15 and the first protrusion 14. After the first branch flows out from the first gap, it merges with the second branch and enters the next first mounting slot 11 or the next second mounting slot 12 through the second gap. The width of the second gap is larger than the first gap to avoid a surge in flow velocity due to flow superposition, so that the flow of the laminar flow zone of the first branch, the laminar flow zone of the second branch, and the turbulent flow zone where the first and second branches merge are balanced, ensuring uniform heat dissipation of each module. In the figure, the arrows indicate the flow direction of the coolant.
[0030] like Figure 6 As shown, this utility model also provides a motor controller, including the aforementioned heat dissipation structure, a first power module 2, and a second power module 3. The number of first power modules 2 is greater than or equal to the number of first mounting slots 11, and the number of second power modules 3 is greater than or equal to the number of second mounting slots 12. The motor controller according to this utility model embodiment, due to including the aforementioned heat dissipation structure, also possesses the aforementioned beneficial effects.
[0031] In one embodiment of this utility model, the first power module 2 includes a power device 21 and a heat sink 22, with the heat sink 22 mounted in the first mounting slot 11. The first power device 2 can be an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) power device or a silicon carbide (SiC) power device, etc. The second power module 3 can also adopt a similar structure to the first power module 2 and be mounted in the second mounting slot 12; this embodiment does not impose any limitations.
[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat dissipation base plate 22 is provided with heat dissipation protrusions on the side facing the water inlet channel, so as to increase the contact area between the heat dissipation base plate 22 and the coolant and improve the heat dissipation performance.
[0033] In one embodiment of this utility model, the motor controller may further include a main housing 4, which forms a space for accommodating the first power module 2 and the second power module 3. The main housing 4 and the heat dissipation housing 1 can be integrally formed by processes such as die casting, which ensures the strength of the housing and the stability of the motor controller operation.
[0034] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims
1. A heat dissipating structure, characterized by comprising: Includes a heat dissipation housing (1), the heat dissipation housing (1) comprising: At least one first mounting slot (11) is provided on one side of the heat sink housing (1) for mounting a first power module (2). At least one second mounting slot (12) is provided on the other side of the heat sink housing (1) for mounting a second power module (3). Diverting block (13), the diverting block (13) is disposed between the corresponding first mounting slot (11) and second mounting slot (12); After the first power module (2) and the second power module (3) are installed on the heat sink housing (1), a water inlet channel is formed between the first power module (2), the second power module (3) and the heat sink housing (1). After the coolant enters the water inlet channel, it is divided into a first branch and a second branch by the diversion block (13), and flows through the first mounting groove (11) and the second mounting groove (12) respectively.
2. The heat dissipating structure according to claim 1, wherein There are multiple first mounting slots (11), and a first protrusion (14) is formed between two adjacent first mounting slots (11). There is one second mounting slot (12). The diverting block (13) is disposed between one first mounting slot (11) and the second mounting slot (12). There is a first gap between the first protrusion (14) near the diverting block (13) and the diverting block (13), so that the first branch flows out of the first mounting slot (11) and passes through the first gap, and merges with the second branch flowing out of the second mounting slot (12) into the next first mounting slot (11).
3. The heat dissipating structure according to claim 2, wherein The distance between the first protrusion (14) near the diverter block (13) and the heat sink housing (1) on the side of the second mounting groove (12) is greater than the width of the first gap.
4. The heat dissipating structure according to claim 1, wherein There are multiple first mounting slots (11), and a first protrusion (14) is formed between two adjacent first mounting slots (11). There is a first gap between the first protrusion (14) near the diverter block (13) and the diverter block (13). There are multiple second mounting slots (12), and a second protrusion (15) is formed between two adjacent second mounting slots (12). There is a second gap between the second protrusion (15) and the first protrusion (14). After the first branch flows out from the first gap, it merges with the second branch and enters the next first mounting slot (11) or the next second mounting slot (12) through the second gap. The width of the second gap is larger than the first gap.
5. The heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sealing ring disposed between the power module and the mounting slot.
6. The heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation housing (1) also has a water outlet channel. The inlet of the water outlet channel is connected to the outlet of the water inlet channel. The outlet of the water outlet channel and the inlet of the water inlet channel are located on the same side of the heat dissipation housing (1).
7. An electric machine controller characterized by Includes a heat dissipation structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, a first power module (2) and a second power module (3), wherein the number of the first power modules (2) is greater than or equal to the number of the first mounting slots (11), and the number of the second power modules (3) is greater than or equal to the number of the second mounting slots (12).
8. The motor controller of claim 7, wherein, The first power module (2) includes a power device (21) and a heat sink (22), which is installed in the first mounting slot (11).
9. The motor controller of claim 8, wherein, The heat dissipation base plate (22) has a heat dissipation protrusion on the side facing the water inlet channel.
10. The motor controller of claim 7, wherein, It also includes a main housing (4), which forms a space for accommodating the first power module (2) and the second power module (3), and the main housing (4) and the heat sink housing (1) are integrally formed.