Drive device for a mobile crane

Abstract

The present invention relates to a drive device for a mobile crane, which comprises an internal combustion engine for outputting power, an electric machine for outputting power in its motor mode and / or for generating power in its generator mode, and a transfer case for selectively distributing power output to the transfer case to a drive mechanism for moving the mobile crane and a pump arrangement for performing a crane operation, wherein the internal combustion engine interacts with an input shaft of the transfer case, the input shaft interacts with the drive mechanism, the electric machine interacts with an intermediate shaft of the transfer case, and the pump arrangement interacts with an output shaft of the transfer case.The drive device is characterized by a first clutch arranged between the input shaft and the intermediate shaft for coupling or disengaging the input shaft and the intermediate shaft as needed, and a second clutch arranged between the intermediate shaft and the output shaft for coupling or disengaging the intermediate shaft and the output shaft as needed.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a drive device for a mobile crane.

[0002] Examples of designs known from the prior art can be found, for example, in DE 10 2018 214 965 A1, DE 11 2013 003 236 T5, DE 102021 100 204 A1 and DE 10 2014 001 020 B3.

[0003] In general, a mobile crane differs from other crane types in that it has its own drive for moving the crane, making it particularly flexible in terms of its location. A typical mobile crane consists of a carrier vehicle and a crane mounted on it. The carrier vehicle is usually either a type of truck chassis or a specially designed vehicle chassis connected to the rotating crane mounted on it via a slewing ring.

[0004] With the increasing electrification of drive systems, it is now also possible to operate mobile cranes, particularly with the help of an electric motor. For example, the hydraulic pumps required for crane operation are operated using an electric motor, although the current state of the art still relies on a combustion engine to move the mobile crane.

[0005] The aim of the present invention is to provide an improved hybrid drive device for a mobile crane which requires as few components as possible and at the same time has a variety of desirable functions.

[0006] This is achieved with the drive device for a mobile crane, which is defined in independent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the drive device can be found in the dependent claims. Furthermore, the invention also encompasses an advantageous method for operating such a drive device, which offers particular advantages with regard to the travel drive of the mobile crane and with regard to the reduction of emissions.

[0007] According to the invention, a drive device for a mobile crane is provided, which has an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, for outputting power, an electric machine for outputting power in its motor mode and / or for generating power in its generator mode, and a transfer case for selectively distributing power output to the transfer case to a drive mechanism for moving the mobile crane and to a pump arrangement for performing crane operation, wherein the internal combustion engine interacts with an input shaft of the transfer case, the input shaft interacts with the drive mechanism, the electric machine interacts with an intermediate shaft of the transfer case, and the pump arrangement interacts with an output shaft of the transfer case.The drive device is characterized by a first clutch arranged between the input shaft and the intermediate shaft for coupling or disengaging the input shaft and the intermediate shaft as needed, and a second clutch arranged between the intermediate shaft and the output shaft for coupling or disengaging the intermediate shaft and the output shaft as needed.

[0008] An advantage of the drive device according to the invention is that the transfer case has an output shaft that, when the first clutch and the second clutch are in the appropriate positions, can be driven by both the internal combustion engine and the electric motor. For example, if it is desired to operate a crane purely electrically, the first clutch can be opened and the second clutch closed, so that the electric motor drives the intermediate shaft and, via the closed second clutch, also operates the output shaft of the transfer case, enabling crane operation (via the actuation of the pumps).

[0009] The transfer case is designed so that both the internal combustion engine and the electric motor can supply power to the transfer case. The transfer case can transmit this power to the drive mechanism and the pump assembly. If the first clutch (K1) is open, the electric motor can simultaneously supply the pump assembly via the transfer case, and the internal combustion engine can simultaneously supply the drive mechanism for moving the mobile crane via the transfer case.

[0010] The design of the drive device according to the invention for the mobile crane is redundant with regard to the drive of the output shaft, since in the event of a failure of the electric motor for driving the output shaft (which operates the crane with the aid of the hydraulic pumps), the internal combustion engine is still available as an alternative. Engaging the first clutch and the second clutch creates a frictional connection between the input shaft and the output shaft of the transfer case, so that the output shaft can also be driven with the aid of the internal combustion engine. Accordingly, crane operation is still possible even if the electric motor is defective, so that the crane does not come to a standstill, but rather can continue operating.

[0011] A further advantage of the drive device system according to the invention is that when the output shaft of the transfer case is driven by the internal combustion engine, the electric machine can also be operated in generator mode so that auxiliary consumers can be supplied with power.

[0012] A separate alternator, as is otherwise common in state-of-the-art implementations, can therefore be omitted.

[0013] According to the present invention, the internal combustion engine can be used to drive the input shaft of the transfer case. The internal combustion engine can be coupled to the input shaft in such a way that it drives the input shaft of the transfer case.

[0014] Furthermore, according to the invention, the electric motor can be used to drive the intermediate shaft of the transfer case or be driven by it. The electric motor can be coupled to the intermediate shaft in such a way that it drives the intermediate shaft of the transfer case.

[0015] According to a further advantageous modification, the output shaft of the transfer case serves to drive crane pumps, in particular hydraulic pumps, in order to pump a hydraulic fluid which is used to perform a crane function.

[0016] According to an advantageous modification of the present invention, the drive device can further comprise an energy storage device connected to the electric machine to store energy from the electric machine in generator mode or to supply energy to the electric machine in motor mode. The energy storage device thus serves to absorb power generated by the electric machine or to supply the electric machine if it is operated in motor mode.

[0017] In addition, the power stored in the energy storage system can also be used to supply energy to secondary consumers.

[0018] According to an optional development of the present invention, it can also be provided that the energy storage device can be charged by an external energy source via a charging port. When the electric machine is operating in motor mode, the energy supplied via the charging port can also be used to operate the electric machine in motor mode, so that in such a state, the energy storage device is no longer charged or is charged at a slower rate.

[0019] According to an optional development of the present invention, it can further be provided that the drive device further comprises at least one secondary consumer, in particular a heating element for tempering a cabin and / or driver's cab of the mobile crane and / or a compressor of an air conditioning system for tempering a cabin of the mobile crane, and / or a heat pump for tempering an energy storage device and / or a heating element for tempering an energy storage device, wherein the at least one secondary consumer is preferably connected to the electrical machine in an intermediate circuit for supplying energy.

[0020] In this case, it can be provided that the at least one auxiliary load is connected to the electric machine in such a way that the latter supplies the at least one auxiliary load with energy in a generator mode. Thus, the at least one auxiliary load, preferably together with the energy storage device, can be arranged in an intermediate circuit, in particular a DC intermediate circuit, into which the energy generated by the electric machine is fed. Energy supply with energy from the energy storage device is also possible.

[0021] The advantage of the implementation according to the invention is that the electric machine is used to drive the hydraulic pumps during electric crane operation, and when operated by means of the internal combustion engine, it can be used to supply the at least one auxiliary consumer with energy both during crane operation and when the mobile crane is moving. Therefore, only one electric machine is required, eliminating the need for the 24V alternator usually coupled to the internal combustion engine. In electric crane operation, the electric machine acts as a motor to drive the crane components, whereas when driven by the internal combustion engine for travel and / or crane operation, the electric machine is used as a generator.

[0022] Conventional heaters utilize the waste heat of the internal combustion engine or rely on a fuel-powered auxiliary heater. However, according to the invention, a heating unit or compressor of a cooling circuit can be operated with energy from the intermediate circuit, the electric motor, or the energy storage device, so that air conditioning can also be carried out independently of the operation of the internal combustion engine or fuel consumption.

[0023] According to a further optional development of the present invention, it can be provided that the intermediate circuit has the option of connecting to an external power supply. The option of connecting to the external power supply not only enables the energy storage device to be charged, but also the continuous operation of the electric machine in a motor mode for crane operation. Thus, when using a mobile crane, it may be desirable to operate it without using the internal combustion engine after the crane has been brought to its work site, so that exhaust and noise emissions are avoided. For this purpose, an external power supply can then be connected so that the energy required for crane operation is drawn from it.

[0024] According to a further advantageous development of the present invention, the intermediate circuit can be connected to the electric machine via at least one contactor and / or an inverter. This allows the electric machine to be disconnected from the inverter and the intermediate circuit, which is advantageous, for example, in the event of an inverter failure during driving.

[0025] Furthermore, according to the invention, it can be provided that an on-board electrical system, in particular a 12 V or 24 V on-board electrical system, is connected to the intermediate circuit via a DC-DC converter.

[0026] According to the invention, it can further be provided that the intermediate circuit has a voltage level which is more than 48 V, preferably at least 200 V, preferably at least 500 V and most preferably at least 700 V.

[0027] According to the invention, it can further be provided that the drive device further comprises a manual transmission for switching different gears, which is arranged between the input shaft of the transfer case and an engine output shaft of the internal combustion engine, wherein the output of the manual transmission cooperates with the input shaft of the transfer case or is the latter.

[0028] To move the mobile crane, it is advantageous if the internal combustion engine can deliver different gear ratios to the input shaft of the transfer case via a manual transmission. The drive device according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the interruption in tractive power that occurs when shifting through the various gears of the manual transmission by engaging the first clutch. This allows the electric motor attached to the intermediate shaft to temporarily operate in motor mode, preventing a complete loss of tractive power during gear changes. Driving with no or less interruption in tractive power is more pleasant for the mobile crane driver and results in an improved driving experience.

[0029] According to an optional development of the present invention, the electric machine can be a high-voltage electric motor. Preferably, a high-voltage electric motor has an output voltage of at least 400 V.

[0030] According to an optional modification of the present invention, it can be provided that, when the first clutch is engaged and the second clutch is disengaged, the transfer case is designed to supply power from the internal combustion engine to the drive mechanism (e.g., wheel axle), which power can be used to move the mobile crane. To transmit the power input to the input shaft by the internal combustion engine to the drive mechanism, for example, a drive axle connected to wheels or the like, a third clutch can also be provided, which selectively creates or releases a frictional connection between the input shaft and the drive mechanism, in particular a drive axle. This third clutch can also be arranged in the transfer case.

[0031] Furthermore, according to an advantageous modification, it can be provided that, when the first clutch is engaged and the second clutch is disengaged, the transfer case is designed to establish a force-locking connection with the electric motor, so that the electric motor can generate energy in a generator mode or support the power of the internal combustion engine in a motor mode. It can also be provided that the electric motor is solely responsible for the driving operation of the mobile crane in its motor mode, i.e., ensures the movement of the mobile crane without the support of the internal combustion engine.

[0032] According to a further development of the present invention, it can be provided that when the second clutch is closed, the transfer case is designed to decouple the drive mechanism from the input shaft by means of a third clutch in order to enable crane operation to be carried out only when the mobile crane is stationary.

[0033] The invention further relates to a mobile crane with a drive device according to one of the preceding aspects, preferably wherein the mobile crane is a large mobile crane with a load moment of at least 400 kNm.

[0034] The invention also relates to a method for operating a drive device according to one of the discussed aspects or a mobile crane according to the preceding aspect.

[0035] It can further be provided that during a gear shift in the manual transmission, the electric machine is operated as a motor in order to reduce an interruption in traction caused by the gear shift.

[0036] During a gear change of the manual transmission, in order to change the gear ratio of the internal combustion engine with which the internal combustion engine drives the input shaft of the transfer case, a force is supplied by the electric machine to drive the drive train, so that the interruption in traction that occurs during a gear change is mitigated or even completely eliminated.

[0037] Furthermore, according to the method according to the invention, it can be provided that, during an idling phase of crane operation, the internal combustion engine is nevertheless loaded by a generator mode of the electric machine in order to maintain the exhaust gas temperature at a predetermined level, preferably in order to carry out exhaust gas aftertreatment with high efficiency and / or to switch off the internal combustion engine after full charging or upon reaching a desired charging state of the energy storage device and to continue crane operation via the energy storage device in order to stop the noise or exhaust emissions generated during operation of the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine only starts up again once the energy storage device has fallen below a predetermined charging level.

[0038] Further features, details, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the figures. These show: Fig. 1: a side view of a mobile crane, Fig. 2: a schematic representation of a drive device for a mobile crane according to the prior art, Fig. 3: a drive device for a crane according to the present invention, and Fig. 4: a schematic representation of the connection of the electric machine 22 in the drive device according to the invention.

[0039] Fig. 1 shows a side view of a mobile crane.

[0040] The mobile crane 1 has an undercarriage 2 and a superstructure 3. The undercarriage 2 has a driver's cab 4, and the superstructure 3 has a cabin 5. The undercarriage 2 has travel axles 6 with wheels 7. The crane 1 has a boom (also called a crane arm) that is extendable and pivotally mounted relative to the undercarriage.

[0041] Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a drive device for a mobile crane 1, as known from the prior art.

[0042] An internal combustion engine 8, in particular a diesel engine, arranged in the undercarriage 2 drives the driving axles 6 and thus the wheels 7 via the powershift transmission 9. The internal combustion engine 8 is started via the starter 10. The starter 10 receives its energy from the vehicle battery 11, typically with a voltage of 12 V or 24 V (connection not shown), via the vehicle electrical system 12. The alternator 13 is driven by the internal combustion engine 8, feeds the vehicle electrical system 12, and charges the vehicle battery 11. This configuration represents a known system in a vehicle.

[0043] The on-board electrical system 12 supplies all crane components with energy related to their control systems. This means that the power required by most components does not have to be provided by the vehicle battery 11; instead, the energy required for this purpose comes from the combustion engine 8. The vehicle battery only provides the energy required for the electronic control of the components.

[0044] A clutch (not shown) is provided between the powershift transmission 9 and the transfer case 14, which ensures that energy transfer to the transfer case 14 is excluded during driving operation, so that the crane boom cannot move while the mobile crane is traveling.

[0045] During crane operation, the combustion engine 8 drives the components for crane operation (and consequently also the at least one hydraulic pump 15). According to the diagram shown, the power flow occurs via the powershift transmission 9 and the distribution gearbox 14 via a mechanical connection to the at least one hydraulic pump 15. The hydraulic lines to the crane actuators are not shown. The at least one hydraulic pump 15 draws the electrical energy required for its control from the on-board electrical system 12 and can be implemented by different pump types, e.g., a swivel pump.

[0046] If emission-free operation is desired, the mobile crane 1 can also use an external power supply 16 as the primary energy source. This external power supply 16 can usually be connected to the mobile crane 1 via a plug connection. The rectifier 18 then provides a DC intermediate circuit 19 via contactors 17. All crane components with high energy requirements are connected to this DC intermediate circuit 19. The DC intermediate circuit 19 is present, for example, in the undercarriage 2 and the superstructure 3. It is routed through the slewing ring between the undercarriage 2 and the superstructure 3.

[0047] The cabin 5 is temperature-controlled via a high-voltage heater 20 and a high-voltage air conditioning compressor 21. In the current state of the art, the electrical control of the components is carried out via the on-board electrical system 12. The high-voltage electric motor 22 is connected to the DC link 19 via an inverter 23 and supplied with power. Since the powershift transmission 9 is disconnected from the transfer case 14 during emission-free crane operation, no energy goes down an unwanted path into the powershift transmission, so that all energy from the high-voltage electric motor 22 goes via mechanical connections and the transfer case 14 to the hydraulic pumps 15. The combustion engine 8 is inactive in this operating state (emission-free operation) and therefore cannot drive the alternator 13, which therefore cannot supply the on-board electrical system 12.This task is performed by the DC / DC converter 24, which converts the energy supplied from the external power supply so that the on-board network is supplied with the appropriate voltage.

[0048] Without such a supply of the on-board network via the external energy source, the relatively small vehicle battery 11 would be quickly discharged, since the power requirement of the on-board network is quite high and amounts to approximately 1 kW.

[0049] The disadvantage of this is that with such a configuration, during crane operation using the internal combustion engine 8, no DC intermediate circuit 19 is possible, which, for example, supplies a high-voltage heater or a high-voltage air conditioning compressor with energy. This explicitly requires a generator 25, which, unlike the already existing alternator, must generate a voltage in a high-voltage range. If, during crane operation using the internal combustion engine 8, it is desired that the cabin 5 is also temperature-controlled via the high-voltage heater 20 and the high-voltage air conditioning compressor 21, an additional high-voltage generator 25 must be provided on the internal combustion engine 8 (as shown in Fig. 1) to supply these auxiliary loads with energy. This energy also goes via the contactors 17 to the rectifier 18 and is powerful enough to cover the (relatively low) energy demand in the DC intermediate circuit 19. The high-voltage electric motor 22 is decoupled and out of operation during crane operation by the combustion engine.

[0050] Fig. 3 shows a drive device for a crane according to the present invention.

[0051] In contrast to the prior art, the electric machine 22 is integrated into the transfer case 14 of the drive device of the mobile crane 1 in a very specific way. The internal combustion engine 8, which is implemented as a diesel engine, and the associated manual transmission 9 can be seen. The output shaft of the manual transmission 9 acts on the input shaft of the transfer case 14, via which the wheel drive 7 of the mobile crane can be driven. The input shaft can be coupled to an intermediate shaft via a first clutch K1, to which the electric machine 22 is connected. The intermediate shaft, in turn, can be coupled to the output shaft of the transfer case 14 via a second clutch K2. The output shaft drives at least one pump required for crane operation.

[0052] Fig. 4 shows which components are connected to the electrical machine 22 according to the invention.

[0053] The electric machine 22 is connected via a contactor 28 and an inverter 23 to a DC intermediate circuit 19 to which several auxiliary consumers are connected and draw their energy.

[0054] An energy storage device 26 can be seen, which is designed to store the energy generated by the electric machine 22 when the electric machine 22 is operated in generator mode. Alternatively, the energy stored in the energy storage device 26 is used to drive the electric machine 22 in a motor mode.

[0055] In addition, it can be seen that a high-voltage heater 20 and an air conditioning compressor 21 are provided for tempering a cabin of the mobile crane and also draw their energy from the intermediate circuit 19.

[0056] The vehicle electrical system 12, which typically operates at 12 V or 24 V, is also connected to the intermediate circuit 19 via a DC-DC converter 24. A heat pump 101 and a further heating element 102 can also be provided and serve to regulate the temperature of the energy storage device 26. Those skilled in the art are aware that large-volume energy storage devices are sensitive to their temperature, so it is advantageous to keep them within a favorable temperature range for improved performance and the longest possible service life. This is particularly true during charging of the energy storage device, since only within an appropriate temperature window can energy be stored at high speed and with gentle stress on the battery 26.

[0057] In addition, an external power supply 16 can be seen, which can charge the energy storage device 26 via at least one battery charger. Alternatively, it is also possible for the energy from the external power supply 16 to be used directly to drive the electric machine 22. To control the energy flows in the intermediate circuit 19, a distribution box 29 can optionally be provided, which contains fuses and corresponding connections. At least one contactor can also be provided in such an optional distribution box 29 in order to be able to establish a connection to the battery chargers. Each device can be connected to the DC intermediate circuit 19 and draw power from the DC intermediate circuit 19. The optionally provided distribution box 29 does not intervene here.

[0058] As can be seen from the summary of Fig. 3 and Fig.As can be seen in Figure 4, by closing the clutch K1, the electric machine 22 can be connected to the drive train of the internal combustion engine 8. When the mobile crane 1 is moved, the electric machine 22 can support the internal combustion engine 8 during travel or even completely propel the mobile crane.

[0059] Furthermore, during driving operation, the electric machine 22 can be connected via the first clutch K1 by means of the internal combustion engine and acts as a generator. This allows any auxiliary consumers (e.g., for a battery-powered air conditioning system 101, 102, a high-voltage heater 20, a high-voltage air conditioning compressor 21) to be supplied and / or the energy storage device in the form of a high-voltage battery 26 to be charged. This occurs via the DC intermediate circuit 19, with the clutch K2, of course, being open in such a state.

[0060] In driving mode using an internal combustion engine, recuperation by the electric machine 22 is also possible, so that the energy storage device 26 is charged by the generator mode of the electric machine 22.

[0061] During crane operation, clutch K 2 is always closed, as this is the only way to supply sufficient energy to at least one crane pump 15. By actuating the first clutch K 1, the crane can be operated either by means of the internal combustion engine 8 (clutch K 1 closed) or electrically (clutch K 1 open).

[0062] If the first clutch K1 is closed, the crane is operated using the internal combustion engine 8, and the electric motor 22 acts as a generator. The energy generated by the electric motor 22 is used to supply the auxiliary consumers or to charge the energy storage unit 26. The advantage of this is that no additional heating or an additional mechanical air conditioning compressor is required, since the respective components can be operated using the DC link 19 and the generator mode of the electric motor 22.

[0063] Thus, during crane operation, regardless of whether the crane is operated using the internal combustion engine or the electric motor 22, the air conditioning of the cabin 5 (via high-voltage heater 20 and high-voltage air conditioning compressor 21) is always provided by high-voltage components. This has the advantage that air conditioning is possible even when the output shaft 27 is stationary and fuel combustion is not desired.

[0064] In electric crane operation, in which the internal combustion engine 8 is inactive, the energy for the auxiliary consumers comes either from the energy storage unit 26 or from the external power supply 16.

[0065] The advantage here is that the high-voltage air conditioning compressor 21 and the high-voltage heater 20 can air-condition the cabin 5 even when the entire drive train (engine, transmission, shafts) is at a standstill and, moreover, no pollutant emissions are generated when operating a high-voltage heater 20, in comparison to a fuel-driven auxiliary heater.

[0066] An advantageous method for operating a drive device is that idle phases during crane operation, in which no crane actuation occurs, can be used to continue to load the internal combustion engine 8 in order to keep the exhaust gas temperature above a certain temperature threshold. This improves exhaust gas aftertreatment and leads overall to lower-emission operation. If the energy storage device 26 is full or has exceeded a certain charge level, the internal combustion engine 8 can be switched off and the crane operation can be continued with the aid of the electric machine 22 in conjunction with the energy storage device. Stopping the internal combustion engine 8 also stops any noise emitted by the internal combustion engine, resulting in less idling of the internal combustion engine 8.

[0067] Furthermore, the drive device can advantageously be used to mitigate or completely eliminate the interruptions in traction of a manual transmission of the internal combustion engine that occur during gear shifting. For gear shifting, the power flow from the internal combustion engine 8 to the wheels 7 must be briefly interrupted, but applying a corresponding force by the electric motor 22 in motor mode mitigates the interruption in traction.

[0068] Another advantage is that the crane retains full functionality even in the event of a fault in the high-voltage system, since if the electric motor 22 fails, it can still be operated using the internal combustion engine and the corresponding mechanical shafts (when the first clutch K1 and the second clutch K2 are engaged). This is not necessarily the case when using a high-voltage generator on the diesel engine and an electric motor to drive the hydraulic pump, since the internal combustion engine 8 then no longer requires a mechanical connection to the hydraulic pump. List of reference symbols: 1 mobile crane 2 undercarriages 3 superstructures 4 Driver's cab 5 cabins 6 driving axes 7 wheels 8 combustion engine 9 powershift transmissions 10 starters 11 Vehicle battery 12 On-board network 13 Alternator 14 transfer cases 15 hydraulic pumps 16 external power supply 17 shooters 18 rectifiers 19 DC link 20 high-voltage heating 21 High-voltage air conditioning compressor 22 high-voltage electric motor 23 inverters 24 DC / DC controllers 25 high-voltage generator 26 high-voltage battery 27 Wave 28 AC contactor 29 High-voltage distribution box K1 clutch K2 clutch 100 steering pump 101 Heat pump 102 High-voltage heating

Claims

[1] Drive device for a mobile crane (1), comprising: an internal combustion engine (8) for delivering power, an electric machine (22) for outputting power in its motor mode and / or for generating power in its generator mode, and a transfer case (14) for selectively distributing a power delivered to the transfer case (14) to a drive mechanism for moving the mobile crane (1) and to a pump arrangement for carrying out a crane operation, wherein the internal combustion engine (8) interacts with an input shaft of the transfer case (14), the input shaft interacts with the drive mechanism, the electric machine (22) interacts with an intermediate shaft of the transfer case (14), and the pump arrangement interacts with an output shaft of the transfer case (14), characterized by a first clutch K1 arranged between the input shaft and the intermediate shaft to couple or disconnect the input shaft and the intermediate shaft as required, and a second clutch K2 arranged between the intermediate shaft and the output shaft to couple or disconnect the intermediate shaft and the output shaft as required. [2] Drive device according to the preceding claim 1, further comprising an energy storage device (26) connected to the electric machine (22) for storing energy from the electric machine (22) in the generator mode or for supplying energy to the electric machine (22) in the motor mode. [3] Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one secondary consumer, in particular a heating element (102) for tempering a cabin (5) and / or driver's cab of the mobile crane (1) and / or a compressor of an air conditioning system for tempering the cabin (5) of the mobile crane (1), and / or a heat pump (101) for tempering the energy storage device (26) and / or a heating element (102) for tempering the energy storage device (26), wherein the at least one secondary consumer is preferably connected to the electrical machine (22) in an intermediate circuit (19) for supplying energy. [4] Drive device according to the preceding claim 3, wherein the intermediate circuit (19) has a connection option to an external power supply (16). [5] Drive device according to one of the preceding claims 3 or 4, wherein the intermediate circuit (19) is connected to the electrical machine (22) via at least one contactor (17) and / or an inverter (23). [6] Drive device according to one of the preceding claims 3 to 5, wherein an on-board network (12), in particular a 12 V or 24 V on-board network, is connected to the intermediate circuit (19) via a DC-DC converter. [7] Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a manual transmission (9) for switching different gears, which is arranged between the input shaft of the transfer case (14) and an engine output shaft of the internal combustion engine (8), wherein the output of the manual transmission (9) cooperates with or is the input shaft of the transfer case (14). [8] Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electric machine (22) is a high-voltage electric motor. [9] Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, when the first clutch K1 is closed and the second clutch K2 is open, the transfer case (14) is designed to supply a power of the internal combustion engine (8) to the drive mechanism, which power can be used to move the mobile crane (1). [10] Drive device according to the preceding claim 9, wherein when the first clutch K1 is closed and the second clutch K2 is open, the transfer case (14) is designed to establish a non-positive connection with the electric machine (22) so that the electric machine (22) can generate energy in a generator mode or can support the power of the internal combustion engine (8) in a motor mode. [11] Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein when the second clutch K2 is closed, the transfer case (14) is designed to decouple the drive mechanism from the input shaft by means of a third clutch in order to ensure that crane operation is only possible when the mobile crane (1) is stationary. [12] Mobile crane (1) with a drive device according to one of the preceding claims, preferably wherein the mobile crane (1) is a large mobile crane with a load moment of at least 400 kNm. [13] Method for operating a drive device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 11 or a mobile crane (1) according to the preceding claim 12. [14] Method according to claim 13, further developed with the features of claim 7, wherein during a gear shift in the manual transmission (9) a motor operation of the electric machine (22) is carried out in order to reduce an interruption in traction caused by the gear shift. [15] Method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein in an idling phase of crane operation the internal combustion engine (8) is nevertheless loaded by a generator mode of the electric machine (22) in order to keep the exhaust gas temperature at a predetermined level, preferably in order to carry out exhaust gas aftertreatment with high efficiency and / or to switch off the internal combustion engine (8) after complete charging or when a desired charge state of the energy storage device (26) is reached and to continue the crane operation via the energy storage device (26) in order to stop the noise or exhaust emissions arising during operation of the internal combustion engine (8).

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