Method and apparatus for detecting nozzle clogging

Abstract

To provide: an apparatus for detecting nozzle clogging, which is easy to install, highly workable even when applied to a large number of nozzles, and easy to maintain; a nozzle equipped with the apparatus; and a method for detecting or sensing the nozzle clogging using the apparatus.SOLUTION: An apparatus 2 for detecting nozzle clogging is prepared using: a power generation module 6; and a sensor 7 that can be driven by the power generated by the power generation module 6 and that can detect clogging of the nozzle 1 and / or the piping to which the nozzle 1 is attached.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a nozzle clogging detection device that measures the vibration or temperature of a nozzle, such as a one-fluid nozzle or a two-fluid nozzle, to detect nozzle clogging, as well as a nozzle equipped with this device and a method for detecting nozzle clogging using this device. [Background technology]

[0002] In the secondary cooling zone of a continuous casting facility, a large number of spray nozzles (or secondary cooling nozzles for a continuous casting machine) are used to spray a cooling medium (water or a mixture of water and air) onto the molten steel to produce a cast piece. In order to produce a high-quality cast piece, the secondary cooling nozzle is required to cool uniformly in the width direction.

[0003] On the other hand, since the slab cast at high temperatures reaches several hundred degrees Celsius, the secondary cooling nozzle is exposed to radiant heat and sprayed cooling water steam and is used in a very harsh environment. Therefore, in the process of repeatedly spraying and drying the cooling water, components in the cooling water precipitate and easily adhere to the nozzle or piping as foreign matter. In addition, recycled water of poor water quality, such as factory water, is often used for cooling, and foreign matter also flows from the upstream piping. Such foreign matter can cause nozzle clogging. If the nozzle is clogged, the nozzle cannot perform its original performance, so the slab is not cooled uniformly, which may cause surface cracks or internal cracks, resulting in a deterioration in the quality of the slab. For this reason, many methods for detecting nozzle clogging have been considered.

[0004] For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-309465 (Patent Document 1) discloses a method in which a pressure gauge is built into a spray nozzle, the internal water pressure of the spray nozzle is measured, and the actual measured value is compared with a threshold value or an ideal value to determine clogging for each nozzle.

[0005] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-170256 (Patent Document 2) discloses a method of determining whether the nozzle is clogged by installing thermocouples inside the base end of the spray nozzle and in the cooling water supply pipe, and using the temperature difference between the cooling water temperature inside the nozzle and the temperature of the supply pipe.

[0006] However, in the methods of Patent Documents 1 and 2, sensors such as a pressure gauge and a thermocouple are attached inside the nozzle, which may affect the spray pattern of the cooling water, and also complicates the structure of the nozzle. In addition, it is necessary to secure space for installing the sensor inside the nozzle, which limits the nozzles that can be applied. Furthermore, in the methods that use pressure fluctuations and temperature fluctuations, it is difficult to detect initial clogging (small clogging).

[0007] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-177323 (Patent Document 3) discloses a method of comprehensively detecting nozzle clogging from the measurement results of both the cooling medium injection pressure and the injection vibration from the nozzle, by equipping a dummy bar with a pressure detection sensor and a vibration detection sensor, each with its own signal processing device and memory device.

[0008] However, although the method of Patent Document 3 can detect clogging of a two-fluid (water and air) nozzle, it is necessary to combine two or more types of sensors for pressure and vibration, which makes the detection method complicated. In addition, although the injection pressure and injection vibration depend on the flow rate of the injection liquid, in a two-fluid nozzle, the injection flow rate hardly changes in the initial stage when the clogging rate is low, and the injection flow rate changes suddenly in the stage when the clogging rate is high and the nozzle is close to being blocked. Therefore, it is difficult to detect clogging of a two-fluid nozzle at an early stage with the method of Patent Document 3. In addition, since the dummy bar with the built-in sensor moves ahead of the cast piece to which the cooling medium is injected, it is not possible to diagnose the nozzle during spraying (operating) spraying the cooling medium to the cooling object (spray object) such as the cast piece. In addition, since the sensor is installed on the dummy bar, even if a nozzle clogging is detected, it is difficult to identify the nozzle that is actually clogged among the multiple nozzles, so it is necessary to inspect the multiple nozzles in the cooling zone, identify the nozzle that is clogged and replace it, or replace all the nozzles in the cooling zone.

[0009] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 11-104535 (Patent Document 4) discloses a method and detection device for detecting clogged nozzles that eject ink or the like in an inkjet printer, in which a vibration sensor is provided on a vibration plate, material is ejected from the nozzle toward the vibration plate, and nozzle clogging is detected based on the vibration caused by the collision of the ejected material.

[0010] In Patent Document 4, a sensor is installed on the vibration plate at the ejection destination, so like Patent Document 3, nozzle clogging cannot be detected during printing (operation), and the nozzles must be inspected periodically, and it is also difficult to identify which of the multiple nozzles is actually clogged.

[0011] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-35027 (Patent Document 5) discloses a method for detecting an abnormality in a two-fluid spray nozzle based on a combination of the pressure differences between the cooling water and the air, by measuring the pressures and flow rates on the secondary side of each flow regulating valve that adjusts the flow rate of the cooling water and the air, and comparing the pressure differences with predetermined pressure-flow rate reference lines.

[0012] In Patent Document 5, clogging of a two-fluid nozzle can be detected, but the structure and detection method are complicated because a pressure gauge, a flow meter, and two or more types of sensors are installed in each flow regulating valve, and after calculating the pressure difference between the cooling water side and the air side, the nozzle abnormality is detected by the combination of these pressure differences. Also, because the sensors are installed on the secondary side of the flow regulating valve of each zone in the cooling zone, although it is possible to identify the zone in the cooling zone where an abnormality is occurring, it is difficult to identify the nozzle where the abnormality actually occurred.

[0013] In response to these problems in Patent Documents 1 to 5, JP 2019-122985 A (Patent Document 6) discloses a method and detection device for detecting nozzle clogging by installing a vibration sensor in a nozzle to measure the vibration and comparing the measured value with a threshold value.

[0014] In addition, JP 2020-137403 A (Patent Document 7) proposes a thermoelectric power generation device that includes a thermoelectric power generation module, a vibration sensor powered by power generated from the module, and a wireless communication device that transmits detection data from the sensor. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0015] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 5-309465 [Patent Document 2] JP 2003-170256 A [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 5-177323 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-104535 [Patent Document 5] JP 2013-35027 A [Patent Document 6] JP 2019-122985 A [Patent Document 7] JP 2020-137403 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0016] When detecting nozzle clogging by installing a sensor in each nozzle as in Patent Document 6, it is usually necessary to connect a cable connecting the sensor to an analysis device [such as a management terminal or computer (PC: personal computer)] for receiving, recording, and monitoring signals from the sensor, a power cable for supplying power to the sensor, etc. However, the secondary cooling nozzles of a continuous casting machine are used as a secondary cooling zone in which many nozzles are connected, and the number of nozzles is enormous, so the method of Patent Document 6 requires connecting a large number of cables to each nozzle (or sensor), and the cables tend to get tangled, making the wiring itself difficult.

[0017] In addition, secondary cooling nozzles used in continuous casting machines are used in extremely harsh environments, exposed to radiant heat, sprayed cooling water steam, etc., and therefore the cables are easily damaged. Therefore, even if it were possible to wire cables to each nozzle (or sensor), not only would it be necessary to stop the continuous casting machine to repair or replace a cable that becomes damaged during operation, but it would also be cumbersome to identify the damaged cable among a huge number of cables, requiring a great deal of time for maintenance of the nozzle clogging detection device itself, which would in turn hinder the efficient operation of the continuous casting machine.

[0018] In addition, the device described in Patent Document 7 generates electricity using heat generated by the operation (driving or running) of equipment such as the motor that operates the pump as a heat source, and uses a vibration sensor powered by the generated electricity to detect vibrations in the equipment (motor) that occur during operation to detect abnormalities.It is not intended for nozzles, which generally do not generate heat by themselves and are not a heat source, nor is it a device for detecting clogs.

[0019] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a nozzle clogging detection device that is easy to install, has high workability even when applied to a large number of nozzles, and has excellent maintainability, as well as a nozzle equipped with this device and a method for detecting or sensing nozzle clogging using this device.

[0020] Another object of the present invention is to provide a nozzle clogging detection device that can be used even in harsh environments, has excellent durability (or heat resistance), and is capable of detecting nozzle clogging with high accuracy or efficiency, as well as a nozzle equipped with this device and a method for detecting or sensing nozzle clogging using this device. [Means for solving the problem]

[0021] As a result of intensive research to achieve the above object, the present inventors discovered that when a sensor for detecting nozzle clogging is driven by power obtained from a power generation module, it is easy to prevent entanglement of cables (or wiring) even in a case where a large number of nozzles are used in a harsh environment such as a secondary cooling nozzle, and workability (ease of installation) and maintainability can be improved, and thus the present invention was completed. That is, the present invention may include the following aspects.

[0022] Aspect [1]: A nozzle clogging detection device comprising a power generation module and a sensor capable of being powered by power generated by the power generation module and capable of detecting clogging of a nozzle and / or a pipe to which the nozzle is attached.

[0023] Aspect [2]: A nozzle clogging detection device for detecting clogging of a nozzle that ejects or sprays a fluid that is lower in temperature than the ambient temperature around the nozzle, The nozzle clogging detection device according to embodiment [1], wherein the power generation module is a thermoelectric power generation module having a heat receiving portion formed on one side and a heat dissipation portion formed on the other side, and the heat dissipation portion of the thermoelectric power generation module is arranged facing the flow path of the fluid before it is sprayed or sprayed.

[0024] Aspect [3]: The nozzle clogging detection device according to aspect [2], wherein the ambient temperature is 80° C. or higher.

[0025] Aspect [4]: ​​The nozzle clogging detection device according to any one of aspects [1] to [3], wherein the nozzle is a nozzle used in an iron-making process.

[0026] Aspect [5]: The nozzle clogging detection device according to any one of aspects [1] to [4], further comprising a protective case capable of housing and protecting at least the power generation module therein.

[0027] Aspect [6]: A nozzle clogging detection device according to aspect [5], further comprising a wireless communication device capable of transmitting information or signals obtained by the sensor, the wireless communication device being housed in the protective case, and the protective case including at least a resin portion formed of resin.

[0028] Aspect [7]: A nozzle clogging detection device according to aspect [5] or [6], comprising a heat transfer member attached to the inner wall of the protective case, and a heat receiving portion of the thermoelectric power generation module arranged opposite this heat transfer member.

[0029] Aspect [8]: A nozzle clogging detection device according to aspect [6] or [7], comprising a plate-shaped heat transfer member attached to the inner wall of the protective case and to a partial area of ​​the resin part, and the heat receiving part of the thermoelectric power generation module is arranged opposite this heat transfer member at a predetermined distance.

[0030] Aspect [9]: A nozzle clogging detection device according to any one of aspects [1] to [8], wherein the fluid flow path includes at least a planar flow path that extends in a plane, and a heat dissipation portion of the thermoelectric power generation module is arranged opposite this planar flow path.

[0031] Aspect

[10] : A nozzle clogging detection device according to aspect [9], wherein the fluid flow path includes a supply flow path for supplying the fluid toward the nozzle tip, and a closed flow path branched off from the supply flow path and closed midway, and the closed flow path includes the planar flow path.

[0032] Aspect

[11] : A nozzle equipped with the nozzle clogging detection device according to any one of aspects [1] to

[10] .

[0033] Aspect

[12] : A method for detecting clogging of a nozzle and / or a pipe to which the nozzle is attached, using the nozzle clogging detection device according to any one of aspects [1] to

[10] . Effect of the Invention

[0034] In the nozzle clogging detection device of the present invention, the sensor for detecting nozzle clogging is driven by power obtained from the power generation module, so that wiring using long cables (such as power cables) can be reduced or eliminated, and installation (or handling) is easy. Therefore, even when applied to a large number of nozzles, entanglement of cables (or wiring) can be suppressed, and not only can installation (ease of installation) be effectively improved, but maintenance is also excellent. When information or signals obtained by the sensor are transmitted by a wireless communication device, installation and maintenance can be further improved. In addition, a detection device equipped with a protective case has excellent durability (or heat resistance) and can be used even in harsh environments, and when a thermoelectric power generation module is placed at a specific position inside a predetermined protective case, nozzle clogging can be detected more accurately or efficiently. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0035] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a nozzle equipped with a nozzle clogging detection device of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the nozzle detection device shown in FIG. 1 taken along line AA. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the nozzle shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a mounting base portion of the nozzle shown in FIG. [Diagram 5] 5A is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line DD, FIG. 5B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line CC, FIG. 5C is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line BB, and FIG. 5D is a schematic right side view of the mounting base part shown in FIG. [Figure 6] 6A is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line EE of the mounting base portion shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line FF of the mounting base portion shown in FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a schematic partial exploded view showing another example of a nozzle equipped with a nozzle clogging detection device of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the nozzle shown in FIG. [Figure 9]FIG. 9 shows (a) a schematic side view and (b) a schematic bottom view showing an example of a secondary cooling zone of a continuous casting facility equipped with the nozzle clogging detection device of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is an analytical mesh (simple model) of Example 8-1 (without a heat transfer member). [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a contour diagram (isometric line diagram) showing the temperature distribution in Example 8-1 (without a heat transfer member). [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a graph showing the temperature distribution in the cross section of the central part of the analysis mesh (simple model) of Example 8-1 (without a heat transfer member). [Figure 13] FIG. 13 shows an analytical mesh (simple model) of Example 8-2 (with heat transfer member, outside). [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a contour diagram (isopleth diagram) showing the temperature distribution in Example 8-2 (with heat transfer member, outside). [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a graph showing the temperature distribution in the cross section of the central part of the analysis mesh (simple model) of Example 8-2 (with heat transfer member, outside). [Figure 16] FIG. 16 shows an analytical mesh (simple model) of Example 8-3 (with heat transfer member, inside). [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a contour diagram (isometric line diagram) showing the temperature distribution in Example 8-3 (with heat transfer member, inside). [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a graph showing the temperature distribution in the cross section of the central part of the analysis mesh (simple model) of Example 8-3 (with heat transfer member, inside). [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is an analytical mesh (simple model) of Example 9-1 (without a planar flow channel). [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a contour diagram (isometric line diagram) showing the temperature distribution in Example 9-1 (without a planar flow channel). [Figure 21] FIG. 21 is an analytical mesh (simple model) of Example 9-2 (with planar flow channel). [Figure 22] FIG. 22 is a contour diagram (isometric line diagram) showing the temperature distribution in Example 9-2 (with a planar flow channel). [Diagram 23]FIG. 23 is a graph showing a part of the temperature distribution in the central cross section of the analysis mesh (simple model) of Examples 9-1 (without a planar flow channel) and 9-2 (with a planar flow channel). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0036] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a nozzle equipped with a nozzle clogging detection device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the nozzle detection device shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded oblique view of the nozzle shown in FIG. 1, showing an example in which the nozzle detection device is applied to a secondary cooling nozzle (a two-fluid nozzle of water and air) of a continuous casting facility.

[0038] As shown in Figs. 1 to 3, a nozzle (secondary cooling nozzle or two-fluid nozzle) 1 includes a nozzle clogging detection device 2, a cylindrical nozzle body (pipe section) 3 having one end (upstream end) connected to the detection device 2, and a nozzle tip 4 attached to the other end (downstream end) of the nozzle body 3. The detection device 2 includes a block-shaped or wide, thick plate-shaped base section (mounting base section or mounting base plate) 5 that constitutes its foundation, and inside this mounting base section 5, a flow path through which fluids (water and air) pass is formed, and the upstream end of the nozzle body 3 is connected to the downstream end (fluid outlet side) of this flow path. In other words, the mounting base section 5 defines a mixing space (or mixed flow space) in which the fluids are mixed. A passage is formed in the nozzle body 3, and the nozzle body 3 can be attached in a penetrating state.

[0039] In addition, an air supply pipe (air supply pipe or air header, not shown) is connected to two upstream ends (inlet sides of each fluid) of the flow passage inside the mounting base part 5 via a joint (nipple with an air orifice built in) 12, and a water supply pipe (water supply pipe or water header, not shown) is connected via a joint (nipple with a water orifice built in) 13, and air and water (such as factory water) from which impurities have been filtered are supplied from the air supply pipe and water supply pipe, respectively, via these joints 12, 13. As shown in Figures 4 to 6, the air supplied via the joint 12 flows into a cylindrical (circular cross-section) air supply passage (first supply passage) 15, and the water supplied via the joint 13 flows into a cylindrical (circular cross-section) water supply passage (second supply passage) 16 (16a). The air supply flow path (first supply flow path) 15 and the water supply flow path (second supply flow path) 16a are formed approximately parallel to each other along the longitudinal direction (nozzle axial direction or spraying direction) of the nozzle 1 (or nozzle body 3), and among them, the air supply flow path (first supply flow path) 15 is formed on the same axis as the nozzle 1 (or nozzle body 3). In contrast, the water supply flow path (second supply flow path) 16 (16a) extends adjacent to and parallel to the air supply flow path (first supply flow path) 15, bends approximately at a right angle midway toward the air supply flow path 15 side, and the water supply flow path 16b on the downstream side extending from this bent part merges with the air supply flow path 15 at a mixing section (mixing chamber or merging section) 17. That is, the air and water supplied via each fitting 12, 13 are joined and mixed in the mixing section (mixing chamber or confluence section) 17, flow as a mixed fluid toward the downstream side (nozzle body 3 side), and are sprayed or injected as a gas-liquid mixed fluid from the orifice (discharge port or spray port) of the nozzle tip 4.

[0040] The water supply flow path (second supply flow path) 16 (16a, 16b) branches into two closed closed flow paths 18 (18a, 18b), 19 at the bent portion. The first closed flow path 18 (18a, 18b) includes a cylindrical flow path 18a extending from the bent portion in the thickness direction of the mounting base portion 5 (perpendicular to the axes of the water supply flow paths 16a, 16b) and a planar or flat flow path (liquid reservoir or water reservoir) 18b extending radially (to the surface direction of the mounting base portion 5) from the end of the cylindrical flow path 18a in a radial or planar (flat) shape (a cylindrical shape with a diameter large relative to its height), and is sealed or closed by a fluid sealing plate (water leakage prevention plate) 10 made of metal (such as stainless steel) and having a thickness of about 1 to 5 mm, via a sealing material or sealant (gasket or O-ring) 11. On the other hand, the second closed flow passage 19 is formed in a cylindrical shape (with a circular cross section) extending from the bent portion in the opposite direction on the same axis as the water supply flow passage (second supply flow passage) 16b, and is closed by a joint (plug) 14. Note that the second closed flow passage 19 is not necessarily provided.

[0041] The fluid sealing plate 10 is attached to the mounting base 5 by four fastening members (screw members) 22 in a form that presses and seals the sealing material 11. At the mounting position of the mounting base 5, a recess or step (engagement step) cut out to correspond to the shape (or thickness) of the fluid sealing plate 10, and a recess or step smaller than the engagement step and cut out to correspond to the shape of the planar or flat flow path 18b (or sealing material 11) are formed in sequence (in a staircase shape). In the mounted state, the outer surface of the fluid sealing plate 10 [contact surface with the heat dissipation portion (heat dissipation surface) 6b] is located on approximately the same plane as the mounting surface of the mounting base 5.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 3, on one surface [the mounting surface, or the surface on the fluid sealing plate (water leakage prevention plate) 10 side] of the base portion (mounting base portion) 5 of the nozzle clogging detection device 2, there are attached a power generation module (thermoelectric power generation module) 6, a sensor (vibration sensor or acceleration detector) 7 connected to a cable (power cable) 6c extending from the power generation module 6, a wiring case (wiring storage box or wiring partition wall) 20 (20a, 20b) for accommodating the cable 6c, and a protective case 8 (8a, 8b) for accommodating or protecting (covering) the entirety of these inside.

[0043] The power generation module (thermoelectric power generation module) 6 is a module capable of generating electric power by utilizing the Seebeck effect, and can generate electric power by generating a temperature difference (temperature gradient) between a heat receiving part (heat receiving surface) 6a formed on one side and a heat dissipation part (heat dissipation surface) 6b formed on the other side (the back side of the heat receiving surface 6a), and the obtained electric power is transmitted or output to a sensor 7 via a cable (power cable) 6c. As described in Patent Document 7, a thermoelectric power generation module usually generates electric power by bringing the heat receiving part (heat receiving surface) side into contact with an apparatus (such as a motor) and using the heat generated when the apparatus is operated (driven) as a heat source to generate a temperature difference, but unlike an apparatus such as a motor, in the case of a nozzle, although it depends on the fluid being sprayed, the nozzle itself generally does not become a heat source even during operation. However, in the secondary cooling nozzle of a continuous casting machine used in harsh environments, the ambient temperature around the nozzle is higher than the inside of the nozzle (or the fluid) due to the effects of radiant heat, etc., so in the power generation module 6, the heat receiving section (heat receiving surface) 6a is arranged facing outward (toward the vicinity of the nozzle) and the heat dissipation section (heat dissipation surface) 6b is arranged facing inward (particularly, toward the flow path through which the fluid (cooling water and air) passes), thereby effectively ensuring the temperature difference and enabling efficient power generation.

[0044] Therefore, the power generation module 6 is attached to the mounting base 5 with four fastening members (screw members) 21a in a state where the heat dissipation portion (heat dissipation surface) 6b is in contact (surface contact) with the fluid sealing plate 10. That is, the power generation module 6 has a module mounting member 6d on each of the opposing two sides, and the fastening members 21a are inserted into mounting holes formed at both ends of the mounting member 6d in the longitudinal direction and into cylindrical spacers (or collars) 21b at the bottom of the mounting holes, and the power generation module 6 is screwed to the mounting surface. When the power generation module 6 is attached via the spacer (or collar) 21b, deformation of the mounting member 6d can be prevented and the module can be appropriately attached. In addition, it is possible to prevent the heat dissipation portion (heat dissipation surface) 6b from floating (point or line contact) from the fluid sealing plate 10 due to variations in fastening force, etc., and the module can be easily attached in a surface contact state, and heat can be effectively dissipated.

[0045] In this way, the heat dissipation section (heat dissipation surface) 6b is disposed facing the planar flow path 18b via the fluid sealing plate 10, so that the heat of the heat dissipation section (heat dissipation surface) 6b can be efficiently released (dissipated) or cooled by the fluid (water) flowing through the planar flow path 18b, effectively improving the power generation efficiency of the power generation module 6. In particular, when the heat dissipation section (heat dissipation surface) 6b and the metallic fluid sealing plate 10 are attached in a surface contact state, heat can be dissipated or cooled more efficiently, improving the power generation efficiency. When the power generation efficiency is improved, data can be stably measured by the sensor 7 and the measurement frequency can be increased, so that nozzle clogging can be detected accurately or efficiently.

[0046] The excess portion of the cable (such as a power cable) 6c connecting the power generation module 6 and the sensor 7 is housed in a wiring case (wire storage box or wiring partition wall) 20 (20a, 20b) including a rectangular parallelepiped wiring case main body 20a with an open (opening) top and a wiring case cover body 20b that can be closed to correspond to the opening, and the peripheral wall of the wiring case main body 20a is formed with a notch for pulling the cable 6c from the power generation module 6 into the wiring case and a notch for pulling it out to the outside of the wiring case, and the end of the pulled out cable 6c is connected to the sensor 7. Mounting holes (not shown) are formed in the four corners of the bottom wall of the wiring case main body 20a, and the wiring case main body 20a is attached to a predetermined position (in this example, near the position corresponding to the water supply flow path 16a) on the mounting surface of the mounting base part 5 by fastening members (screw members, not shown). In this way, by storing the surplus portion of the cable 6c in the wiring case 20 (20a, 20b), the maintainability of the nozzle clogging detector 2 can be improved and damage to the cable 6c can be effectively suppressed.

[0047] The sensor (accelerometer as a vibration sensor) 7 is attached to a predetermined position or measurement position on the mounting surface of the mounting base 5 via a sensor mounting plate (or intermediate member) 7a to measure vibration. In this example, it is attached at a position corresponding to the mixing section 17, and since vibrations become large near the mixing section 17 where the fluids (air and water) are mixed (gas-liquid mixing), this is advantageous in that nozzle clogging can be easily detected based on changes in vibration.

[0048] The sensor (acceleration detector as a vibration sensor) 7 has a built-in wireless communication device (wireless transmitter, not shown) for transmitting the measured data or a signal (information) corresponding to this data, and can transmit the measured data (vibration or acceleration data) or signal to an analysis device (such as a management terminal or PC) at a predetermined frequency depending on the amount of power generation in the power generation module 6. Providing a wireless communication device in this way makes it possible to reduce or eliminate the cables or wiring connecting the analysis device and the sensor 7, which allows for easier and more efficient installation and higher maintainability, allows for stable use over a long period of time even in harsh environments, and effectively improves durability.

[0049] The sensor mounting plate 7a is formed in a narrow plate shape using a vibration-transmitting material (such as a metal material) and has a total of three through holes at both ends and the center in the longitudinal direction. In this example, it is formed by stacking two narrow plates, and while the through holes at both ends have a constant diameter, the through hole at the center is formed so that its diameter expands in the radial direction (like a countersink) on the way from the sensor 7 side to the mounting base 5 side (the contact surface between the two narrow plates). In other words, of the two narrow plates, the through hole at the center of the plate on the mounting base 5 side is coaxial with the through hole at the center of the plate on the sensor 7 side and is formed with a larger diameter. In this central through hole, the mounting screw portion on the underside of the sensor 7 and the nut member 7b are screwed (fastened) together to clamp the sensor mounting plate 7a, and in the through holes at both ends, the mounting plate 7a is fixed to the mounting surface of the mounting base portion 5 with fastening members (screw members) 23. However, because the through hole in the center of the plate on the mounting base portion 5 side is formed with a larger diameter than the through hole in the center of the plate on the sensor 7 side, the mounting screw portion and nut member 7b fit inside the central through hole, and can be attached without interfering with the mounting surface.

[0050] The protective case 8 (8a, 8b) comprises a rectangular frame-shaped protective case main body (or peripheral wall) 8a extending vertically from the outer periphery of the mounting surface of the mounting base 5, and a protective case lid body (or upper wall) 8b that closes the opening of the peripheral wall 8a, and together with the mounting base 5, has an overall box-like (rectangular) shape and can house and protect each component [power generation module 6, cable 6c, sensor 7 (including wireless communication device), etc.] attached to the mounting surface of the mounting base 5. Therefore, even in harsh environments such as the secondary cooling zone of continuous casting equipment (for example, an environment where the temperature around the nozzle is high and it is exposed to water vapor), the detection device can function stably for a long period of time, and not only can the nozzle (or equipment) be operated efficiently, but a detection device with excellent durability can be manufactured even using materials or parts (power generation modules, cables, sensors, wireless communication devices, etc.) that do not have high heat resistance [heat resistance temperature, or maximum operable temperature (maximum operating temperature)] or moisture resistance (or moist heat resistance), which expands the range of materials (or parts) to choose from and effectively improves productivity.

[0051] Also, the protective case main body (or peripheral wall) 8a is formed of a metal material (stainless steel, etc.) like the mounting base 5, whereas the lid (or upper wall) 8b is formed of a resin material [heat-resistant resin such as PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) resin or (super) engineering plastic, etc.]. By forming the lid 8b from a resin material (for example, about 1 to 10 mm thick), even if the wireless communication device is housed inside the protective case, blocking or obstruction of communication (or radio waves) can be suppressed, and good communication quality with the analysis device (such as a management PC) can be stably ensured.

[0052] Although the protective case 8 (8a, 8b) can effectively protect the members housed therein from heat, water (or water vapor), and the like, in the housed power generation module 6, it becomes difficult to use the high atmospheric temperature around the nozzle as a heat source at the heat receiving part (heat receiving surface) 6a. For example, depending on the operating state (environmental temperature during operation, etc.) of the continuous casting equipment, it may be difficult to secure the temperature difference required for driving the sensor (clogging detection). Moreover, since the lid body (or upper wall) 8b facing the heat receiving part (heat receiving surface) 6a is generally made of a resin material with low thermal conductivity, this tendency becomes more pronounced. Therefore, in order to effectively use the atmospheric temperature around the nozzle as a heat source at the heat receiving part (heat receiving surface) 6a even when the power generation module 6 is housed inside the protective case 8 (8a, 8b), a plate-shaped heat transfer member (heat transfer promotion plate) 9 made of a metal material (aluminum or its alloy, etc.) is attached to the inner wall of the lid body (or upper wall) 8b facing the heat receiving part (heat receiving surface) 6a. Although the heat transfer member 9 is disposed at a predetermined distance (for example, about 5 to 20 mm) from the heat receiving portion (heat receiving surface) 6a, it appears that the heat transfer member 9 can effectively transfer the atmospheric temperature around the nozzle to the heat receiving portion (heat receiving surface) 6a. The heat transfer member 9 may be attached to the outer wall surface instead of the inner wall surface of the lid body 8b, but it appears that the heat transfer member 9 can effectively transfer the atmospheric temperature around the nozzle to the heat receiving portion (heat receiving surface) 6a when it is attached to the inner wall surface.

[0053] The protective case main body (or peripheral wall) 8a and the lid body (or upper wall) 8b are attached to the outer periphery of the mounting surface of the mounting base 5 by eight long fastening members (screw members) 24, and a through hole for inserting the fastening members 24 is formed at each corner (four corners) of the lid body 8b and near the center between adjacent corners. Corresponding to the through holes (or mounting positions) of the lid body 8b, the inner wall of the peripheral wall 8a [the ends (four corners) of each inner wall surface and near the center of each inner wall surface] is formed to bulge inward and be thick, and is provided with through holes for inserting the fastening members 24. In addition, screw holes are formed in each of the four corners of the heat transfer member (heat transfer promotion plate) 9, and through holes are formed in each of the mounting positions [positions facing the heat receiving portion (heat receiving surface) 6a] on the inside (inner wall side) of the lid body (upper wall) 8b that correspond to these screw holes, and four fastening members (screw members) 25 are screwed or fastened to the screw holes of the heat transfer member 9, thereby attaching it to the inside of the lid body 8b.

[0054] In this example, a nozzle (secondary cooling nozzle or two-fluid nozzle) 1 is used as a secondary cooling zone of a continuous casting facility, and a plurality of secondary cooling nozzles (two-fluid nozzles) 1 are arranged adjacent to each other in this secondary cooling zone, and for example, the plurality of two-fluid nozzles 1 are composed of five nozzles with nozzle numbers A, B, C, D, and E, and form at least one secondary cooling zone (cooling zone). Data or signals obtained by each sensor 7 of each nozzle can be transmitted via the wireless communication device to an analysis device (analysis device or computer) (not shown) that can receive the data or signals, and this analysis device is connected to an alarm device (not shown).

[0055] The primary vibration data (vibration waveform, waveform information, etc.) from each sensor (vibration sensor) 7 installed on each nozzle 1 of nozzle numbers (A to E) is provided to an analysis device (analysis device) in association or association with each nozzle number (or nozzle address, etc.) The nozzle number (or nozzle address) can be input to the analysis device (analysis device) using an input means.

[0056] That is, the primary vibration data measured or observed by each sensor (vibration sensor) 7 and associated with each nozzle number is converted from an analog signal to a digital signal by an A / D converter (A / D conversion circuit), and noise is removed from this digital vibration data. The digital vibration data or signal from which noise has been removed is transmitted to the analysis device via the wireless communication device. In the analysis device, the received data or signal is stored in chronological order in a storage means (storage circuit, memory circuit) and provided to a control means (control circuit). The control means provides the digital vibration data to a calculation means (calculation circuit) in order to calculate a measurement value from the digital vibration data. In the calculation means (calculation circuit), an FFT (fast Fourier transform) analyzer is used, and FFT analysis is performed in a predetermined input range [for example, 1Vrms (V root mean square)], in a predetermined frequency range (for example, 0 to 100 kHz, preferably 10 mHz to 10 kHz), and in a predetermined number of sampling points (for example, 256 to 16384 points, preferably 512 to 8192 points, and more preferably 1024 to 4096 points), to calculate an average value for a predetermined time. This average value (average value data) is stored in the storage means in a chronological order as a measured value, and is provided to the comparison means (comparison circuit) [judgment means (judgment circuit)]. Note that the FFT analysis is not necessarily required, and predetermined data such as effective values ​​(RMS) may be stored in the storage means in a chronological order as a measured value, and provided to the comparison means (comparison circuit) [judgment means (judgment circuit)].

[0057] This comparison means (comparison circuit) [determination means (determination circuit)] compares the average value (average value data) of the measurement with a threshold value (reference value), and when the measurement value reaches the threshold value, the comparison means (comparison circuit) generates a nozzle clogging detection signal and determines that a nozzle clogging has occurred. For example, when the measurement value (average value data) for nozzle 1 of nozzle number A reaches the threshold value, the comparison means (comparison circuit) generates nozzle clogging detection signal A indicating that nozzle 1 of nozzle number A has become clogged, and a clogging of nozzle 1 of nozzle number A is detected.

[0058] Furthermore, the nozzle clogging detection signal is given to a control means (control circuit), and in response to the nozzle clogging detection signal (e.g., nozzle clogging detection signal A), the control means gives a notification signal to the notification device to notify that a specific nozzle 1 has become clogged, and the notification device notifies of the nozzle clogging and the nozzle in which the nozzle clogging has occurred (e.g., notifies of information that nozzle A is clogged).

[0059] In such a detection method and detection device, a simple structure of installing or attaching a sensor (vibration sensor) 7 to each nozzle 1 can detect clogging of the nozzle 1 during operation (i.e., spraying the cast piece to be sprayed in the secondary cooling zone of the continuous casting equipment), and can reduce or eliminate cables or wiring, so that the nozzle can be easily or efficiently installed, has high maintainability, can be used stably for a long time even in a harsh environment, and can effectively improve durability. In addition, by attaching a sensor (vibration sensor) 7 to each nozzle 1, it is possible to identify and notify a nozzle that is actually clogged among multiple nozzles. Therefore, it is only necessary to replace only the nozzle that is identified as clogged, and the clogging status of the nozzle in the cooling zone can be easily managed. Furthermore, although nozzle clogging is likely to occur mainly in the nozzle tip 4 with a small flow path diameter, clogging can also occur in the flow path or piping on the upstream side [for example, the nozzle body (pipe part) 3, the water supply flow path 16, the water supply piping, etc.]. In this way, even if clogging occurs upstream of the nozzle tip 4, it is possible to effectively detect the clogging, so that the clogging status of the entire equipment including the upstream piping can also be managed.

[0060] (nozzle) In the present invention, the type of nozzle is not particularly limited, and may be a one-fluid nozzle such as a nozzle (such as a spray nozzle) that ejects only a single fluid, for example, a liquid (such as water), or a nozzle that ejects only a gas, or may be a two-fluid nozzle that can spray or eject both a gas and a liquid (such as air and water). A two-fluid nozzle is preferred from the viewpoint of enabling even more accurate detection.

[0061] The liquid to be sprayed (jetted) or ejected can be various liquids depending on the application and type of nozzle, and may be, for example, water (e.g., factory water, tap water, microbubble water), ink, organic solvent, oil, etc. The liquid may usually be water. Note that in order to prevent nozzle clogging or to remove (eliminate) initial nozzle clogging, microbubble water or the like may be periodically supplied to the nozzle or generated within the nozzle, and the control means (control circuit) may be used to inject or supply microbubble water or the like to the nozzle in response to a nozzle clogging detection signal.

[0062] As the gas to be sprayed or discharged, various gases can be used depending on the application, for example, air, helium gas, argon gas, and other inert gases. These gases can be used in combination. The gas may usually be air. In the case of a two-fluid nozzle, a combination of air and water may usually be sprayed or injected.

[0063] The nozzle is preferably one in which there is a temperature difference between the temperature of the fluid flowing therethrough and the ambient temperature (ambient temperature or operating temperature) around the nozzle (outside the nozzle) in the usage environment, and may be a nozzle that sprays a fluid that is hotter than the ambient temperature around the nozzle, and is particularly preferably a nozzle that sprays (jet) or ejects a fluid that is colder than the ambient temperature around the nozzle, in order to further improve the effects of the present invention. With such a nozzle, unlike devices such as motors, the thermoelectric power generation module can efficiently generate power even if the nozzle itself does not generate heat, and the obtained power can be used to detect nozzle clogging during operation.

[0064] The temperature difference between the fluid and the ambient temperature (environmental temperature or operating temperature) around the nozzle (outside the nozzle) may be, for example, about 10 to 300°C (e.g., 30 to 250°C), preferably about 50 to 200°C (e.g., 80 to 170°C), and more preferably about 100 to 150°C (e.g., 120 to 135°C). In the case of a two-fluid nozzle that sprays gas and liquid, the temperature difference may be the temperature difference with at least one of the fluids (e.g., the temperature difference with the liquid). If the temperature difference is too low, there is a risk that efficient power generation cannot be achieved, and if the temperature difference is too high, there is a risk that the detection device cannot be used stably for a long period of time.

[0065] A specific temperature of the fluid may be, for example, about -20°C to 100°C (for example, -10°C to 70°C), preferably 0 to 50°C (for example, 5 to 40°C), and more preferably 10 to 30°C (for example, 15 to 25°C). A specific ambient temperature (ambient temperature or use temperature) around the nozzle (outside the nozzle) may be, for example, about 20°C or higher (for example, 50°C to 300°C), preferably 80°C or higher (for example, 100 to 200°C), and more preferably 120°C or higher (for example, 130 to 170°C). Examples of nozzles used in such environments include nozzles used in high-temperature environments such as iron-making processes or iron-making facilities [for example, continuous casting, hot rolling (hot rolling) (for example, plate rolling, etc.)].

[0066] In the nozzle (particularly, a two-fluid nozzle), when a gas is used as a fluid, the pressure is not particularly limited and may be usually about 0.01 to 1 MPa (for example, 0.02 to 0.8 MPa), preferably about 0.03 to 0.7 MPa. In the nozzle (particularly, a two-fluid nozzle), when a liquid is used as a fluid, it is usually supplied as a pressurized liquid (or high-pressure liquid), and the pressure is not particularly limited and may be, for example, about 0.01 to 2 MPa, preferably about 0.02 to 1.5 MPa, and more preferably about 0.03 to 1 MPa. In the case of a two-fluid nozzle, the flow rate ratio (volume ratio) of the gas to the liquid may be, for example, gas / liquid (gas-liquid volume ratio) = 2 to 700, preferably about 3 to 500, and more preferably about 4 to 300 at a temperature of 25°C. The particle size of the mist particles varies depending on the flow rates of the gas and liquid, but the average particle size (average droplet size) may be, for example, about 10 to 500 μm, preferably about 15 to 400 μm (e.g., 20 to 300 μm), and more preferably about 50 to 250 μm (e.g., 60 to 200 μm).

[0067] The structure of the nozzle (two-fluid nozzle, etc.) is not particularly limited, and usually includes at least a nozzle body (cylindrical pipe portion, etc.) and a nozzle tip. The nozzle may include a filter portion (slit-shaped filter portion, etc.) in the upstream portion to prevent the inflow of foreign matter, and may include a stabilizer or vanes to control the flow of the fluid, but usually does not include a filter or stabilizer. In addition, the shape of the flow path of the nozzle (two-fluid nozzle, etc.) [for example, a flow path formed by a cylindrical inner wall, a flow path inner wall narrowing toward the forward or downstream direction (tapered inner wall, etc.), an inner wall having a polygonal cross section (for example, a square cross section), etc.], the shape of the orifice or discharge hole (circular or elliptical discharge hole, a flat portion formed at the tip, a discharge hole opening with a V-shaped or U-shaped cross section, etc.), etc. are not particularly limited. The material of the nozzle is not particularly limited, and may be resin (or plastic), or may be metal materials such as iron or its alloy (stainless steel, etc.), copper or its alloy (brass, etc.), aluminum or its alloy, or cemented carbide. These materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and metal materials such as iron or its alloy (especially stainless steel, etc., in terms of corrosion resistance or rust prevention) are preferred in terms of heat resistance, durability, formability, etc. In addition, the nozzle may be a fixed end where the upstream side of the nozzle (the connection part with the supply pipe or the nozzle base) is fixed, or a free end where the downstream side of the nozzle (nozzle tip) is fixed.

[0068] (Mounting base part) The power generation module and sensor that constitute the nozzle clogging detection device may be attached directly or indirectly to a nozzle (e.g., the nozzle body, etc.), but if necessary, the detection device may be provided with a base portion (mounting base portion) that serves as a foundation (base) for attaching or positioning (installing) the power generation module and sensor, and this base portion may be attached to the nozzle (e.g., the nozzle body, etc.).

[0069] The shape of the mounting base is not particularly limited as long as it can mount at least the power generation module and the sensor, and examples of such shapes include a block shape, a plate shape, an L-shaped cross-section angle shape, a polygonal frame shape (such as a square frame shape), and a cylinder shape. From the viewpoint of formability, a block shape or a plate shape (such as a wide and thick plate shape) is preferable. The material of the mounting base is not particularly limited, and examples of such materials include metal materials such as resin (or plastic), iron or its alloy (such as stainless steel), copper or its alloy [such as brass], aluminum or its alloy, and cemented carbide. These materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds, and metal materials such as iron or its alloy (especially stainless steel in terms of corrosion resistance and rust prevention) are preferable in terms of heat resistance, durability, formability, and the like.

[0070] The mounting form of the mounting base is not particularly limited, and for example, the mounting base may be fixed by screwing with a fastening member (screw member) such as a bolt, joining with a joining means (welding, adhesive, etc.), or clamping with a clamping means. However, it is preferable to form a flow path for the fluid inside the mounting base and connect or couple the end of this flow path (flow path inlet or outlet) to a pipe or a nozzle (nozzle body) to mount or install. A flow path for the fluid sprayed or discharged (ejected) from the nozzle does not necessarily have to be formed inside the mounting base, but if a thermoelectric power generation module is mounted or arranged (installed) facing the flow path inside the mounting base (at least a part of the position on the mounting surface corresponding to the flow path), it is preferable in that even if the atmospheric temperature (environmental temperature) around the nozzle is high, it is easy to ensure a temperature difference (temperature gradient) between the heat receiving part (heat receiving surface) and the heat radiating part (heat radiating surface) by using the fluid flowing through the flow path, and power can be generated easily or efficiently, and the measurement frequency of the sensor driven by the obtained power and the transmission (transmission) frequency of the wireless communication device can be effectively improved. Furthermore, the use of such a mounting base portion makes it easier to arrange or install the power generation modules, sensors, cables, etc. adjacent to one another, and also makes it easier to protect or insulate them all together in a protective case.

[0071] The shape of the flow path is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a flow path formed with a cylindrical inner wall, a flow path inner wall narrowing toward the front or downstream direction (e.g., a tapered inner wall), or an inner wall having a polygonal cross section (e.g., a square cross section). The flow path preferably includes a planar or flat flow path having at least a region (flat portion or flat portion) that extends or spreads in a planar or flat manner. If a heat dissipation surface or heat reception surface (particularly a heat dissipation surface) of a thermoelectric power generation module is arranged opposite the flat portion of the planar flow path, a temperature difference can be more effectively or efficiently ensured over a wide area. The fluid flowing through the planar flow path may be a gas, but if it is a liquid, it is easier to ensure a temperature difference more effectively or efficiently, and power generation efficiency can be improved. The shape of the planar flow path is not particularly limited as long as it has at least one opposing planar or flat portion, and may be, for example, a flow path in the shape of a polygonal prism (such as a rectangular prism), a polygonal truncated pyramid (such as a polygonal truncated pyramid that widens outward as it goes from the upstream side to the downstream side), a cylinder (such as a cylinder with a large diameter relative to its height), a truncated cone (such as a truncated cone that widens outward as it goes from the upstream side to the downstream side), a drum, a kamaboko, or the like.

[0072] The mounting base part having the flow path has at least one supply port (fluid inlet) for flowing the fluid therein, and may have at least one outlet (fluid outlet) for discharging the flowed-in fluid from the mounting base part, although this is not necessarily required. That is, the flow path preferably includes a supply flow path (fluid supply flow path) for flowing or supplying the fluid from the upstream side (inlet side or supply side) to the downstream side [outlet side or nozzle tip (nozzle tip) side]. The flow path may include at least one supply flow path (fluid supply flow path), for example, may be composed of only a supply flow path (fluid supply flow path), may branch or merge inside the mounting base part as necessary, or may include one or more other flow paths in combination. Examples of other flow paths include a closed flow path (closed flow path) whose end in the flow direction (direction in which the fluid flows in) is closed, and a ring-shaped flow path (circulation flow path) that connects to a ring (or can circulate).

[0073] The planar flow path is not limited to a form in which it is formed in a closed flow path (for example, as in the examples of Figures 1 to 6, a form in which it is formed in a closed flow path 18 (18a, 18b) branched from a supply flow path), and may be formed in a supply flow path (fluid supply flow path) or in the middle of a ring (or circulatory), for example, from the viewpoint of efficient cooling of the heat dissipation surface, and is preferably formed in a closed flow path from the viewpoint of durability or stability. When the planar flow path is formed in a closed flow path, leakage of fluid (water leakage, etc.) is easily suppressed, and even if at least a part of the power generation module is formed from a resin that may be deformed and / or damaged by heat, it can be effectively protected. There is no particular limitation on the manner in which the closed flow path is closed (closing means or sealing means), and the flow path may be closed by the inner wall of the mounting base part, a joint (plug), or the like, and the fluid may be sealed by a fluid sealing plate and a sealing material (sealing material). When forming a planar flow path in a closed flow path, sealing the planar portion of the planar flow path with a fluid sealing plate makes it easy to arrange the heat dissipation surface or heat reception surface (particularly the heat dissipation surface) of the thermoelectric power generation module facing the planar portion, which is advantageous in terms of formability and ease of installation. For this reason, the fluid sealing plate is preferably formed from a metal material (stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.) that has excellent thermal conductivity as well as corrosion resistance or rust resistance against fluids. Note that the outer surface of the fluid sealing plate (the surface opposite to the sealing surface for the fluid) only needs to be in contact (surface contact) with the heat dissipation part (heat dissipation surface) or heat reception part (heat reception surface) of the thermoelectric power generation module in the installed state, and does not necessarily have to be located on approximately the same plane as the mounting surface of the mounting base part as in the examples of Figures 1 to 6.

[0074] The fluid flowing through the flow path inside the mounting base may be either gas and / or liquid. When applied to a two-fluid nozzle, the mounting base may have a flow path through which at least one selected from gas and liquid (e.g., air and water) flows, and may preferably have at least a flow path through which liquid flows, and more preferably both a flow path through which liquid flows and a flow path through which gas flows. When both flow paths are provided, it is preferable that a mixing section (gas-liquid mixing section, mixing chamber, or confluence section) where the gas flow path and the liquid flow path intersect is formed inside the mounting base. Since a large vibration is usually generated in the mixing section where two fluids converge, in order to detect the vibration of this mixing section, if a vibration sensor is attached to a predetermined position near the mixing section of the mounting base (or a position on the mounting surface of the mounting base corresponding to the mixing section), it becomes easier to detect changes (fluctuations) in vibration, and nozzle clogging can be detected with even greater accuracy.

[0075] In the examples of Figures 1 to 6, the central axis of the gas (air) flow path overlaps with the spray axis (or injection axis) [the central axis of the nozzle or nozzle body, or the central axis of the flow path of the mixed fluid downstream of the mixing section] in a straight line, and the central axis of the liquid (water) flow path is bent along the way and merges at the mixing section, but this is not necessarily the case, and for example, the gas flow path and the liquid flow path may be reversed (i.e., the central axis of the liquid flow path overlaps with the spray axis in a straight line, and the central axis of the gas flow path is bent along the way and merges at the mixing section). In addition, it is not necessarily required to bend one of the flow paths to form the mixing section, and for example, both flow paths along the spray axis (not in a straight line and parallel) may be bent and merged at the mixing section, or a flow path may be formed at a predetermined angle (not parallel) to the spray axis and merged at the mixing section without bending.

[0076] Regarding the connection state of the flow path inside the mounting base, as in the examples of Figures 1 to 6, the upstream side (inlet side or supply side) of the flow path may be connected to the fluid supply piping, and the downstream side (outlet side) may be connected to the nozzle body or the nozzle tip, but is not limited to this form, and for example, both the upstream side (inlet side) and the downstream side (outlet side) may be connected to the fluid supply piping, or more specifically, the mounting base (nozzle clogging detection device) may be attached in a form that is interposed or interrupted in the middle part (branch section, straight section, etc.) of the fluid supply piping.

[0077] The flow path of the mounting base part may be formed by drilling the inside with a cutting tool such as a drill, or may be formed by forming recesses or grooves that become the flow path on the engagement surfaces of a plurality of engageable members (for example, the mounting base part is divided in the planar direction at a predetermined position in the thickness direction into two engageable members, one above the other, and engaging or overlapping the two members). From the viewpoint of durability, it is preferable to form the flow path by drilling the inside.

[0078] (Power generation module) The power generation module is not particularly limited as long as it is a module capable of generating power by itself, and examples thereof include a thermoelectric power generation module, a vibration power generation module (piezoelectric element), a photovoltaic power generation module (photoelectric conversion element such as a solar cell), and a wind power generation module. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. Of these, a thermoelectric power generation module is preferred.

[0079] The thermoelectric power generation module may be a module in which p-type and n-type semiconductors (thermoelectric materials) are alternately arranged in series and generate electricity by utilizing the Seebeck effect, or may be a module that usually has a heat receiving part (heat receiving surface) formed on one side and a heat dissipating part (heat dissipating surface) formed on the other side (rear side) and can generate electricity by the temperature difference (temperature gradient) between the heat receiving part and the heat dissipating part. In the present invention, one of the heat receiving part (heat receiving surface) and the heat dissipating part (heat dissipating surface) (particularly the heat dissipating part) is arranged inside the nozzle or on the fluid side (the flow path side of the fluid before injection or spraying) and the other (particularly the heat receiving part) is arranged facing the outside of the nozzle (the usage environment side), so that the nozzle itself can effectively generate electricity due to the temperature difference between the temperature of the fluid and the atmospheric temperature around the nozzle (the environmental temperature or the nozzle usage temperature) even though it is a device that does not generate heat (heat source).

[0080] The power generation module may typically include a storage component (such as a capacitor or secondary battery) for storing or storing the generated electricity, and wiring (power cable) for transmitting the generated electricity to drive devices such as sensors and wireless communication devices.

[0081] The mounting form of the power generation module is not particularly limited, and it may be mounted to a predetermined position (mounting base, nozzle, or piping, etc.) via a jig such as a mounting bracket using a fastening member (screw member), or it may be bonded or joined with an adhesive, putty, etc. In the case of a thermoelectric power generation module, it is preferable to mount or install it on the mounting surface of the mounting base, since it is easy to arrange the heat receiving part (heat receiving surface) or the heat dissipating part (heat dissipating surface) facing the flow path side and a temperature difference can be effectively secured.

[0082] (Sensor) The sensor is not particularly limited as long as it can be driven by the power generated by the power generation module and can detect clogging of the nozzle and / or the pipe to which the nozzle is attached, and examples thereof include a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor (such as a thermocouple), a pressure sensor, and a flow rate sensor. These sensors can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these sensors, the vibration sensor and the temperature sensor are preferred.

[0083] When a nozzle becomes clogged (including clogging of the pipe to which the nozzle is attached), the vibration of the nozzle (or pipe) shows a predetermined relationship with the progress of the nozzle clogging (clogging rate), and normally the vibration value decreases (the vibration strength becomes smaller or the vibration becomes weaker) as the nozzle clogging progresses, so nozzle clogging can be detected by measuring the vibration of the nozzle (or pipe) with a vibration sensor.

[0084] Therefore, the vibration sensor only needs to be capable of measuring the vibration of the nozzle and / or the piping to which the nozzle is attached, and may measure indirectly via an intermediate member capable of transmitting vibration, and since the intermediate member is not necessarily required, the vibration sensor may be directly installed or attached to the nozzle or piping to directly measure the vibration. The vibration sensor may be, for example, an acceleration detector (acceleration sensor), and examples of acceleration detectors include a piezoelectric acceleration detector, a servo type acceleration detector, a strain gauge type acceleration detector, and a semiconductor type acceleration detector, but a piezoelectric acceleration detector is usually preferred because of its small size, high sensitivity, and wide band.

[0085] The vibration parameters of the nozzle may be vibration acceleration, vibration velocity, or vibration displacement, and may be selected according to the frequency of vibration, or one or more vibration parameters may be combined. A preferred vibration parameter may include at least vibration acceleration. Usually, by measuring the vibration acceleration of the nozzle using an acceleration detector (e.g., a piezoelectric acceleration pickup), the magnitude of the vibration acceleration of the target object (a short, small, light, thin object, or an object that is not extremely hot) can be detected with high accuracy, and therefore a two-fluid nozzle that ejects gas and liquid can also be detected with high accuracy.

[0086] The vibration sensor may be used in appropriate combination with other sensors, such as a pressure sensor, a flow rate sensor, a temperature sensor, etc., as necessary. These sensors may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Usually, it is preferable to use only the vibration sensor without using other sensors. By using only the vibration sensor, the detection method and the detection device can be simplified.

[0087] The vibration frequency range of the vibration sensor is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, about 0 Hz to 20 kHz (eg, 0.5 Hz to 15 kHz).

[0088] The vibration sensor may be installed or attached at a suitable position on the nozzle or the piping to which the nozzle is attached, as long as it can measure the vibration of the nozzle. In the case of a two-fluid nozzle, the vibration sensor may be installed or attached, for example, on the base side of the tip of the two-fluid nozzle (for example, on the base side of the intermediate part of the length of the nozzle body, particularly in the gas-liquid mixing section). Since large vibrations usually occur in the gas-liquid mixing section, if a vibration sensor is attached to the mixing section or its vicinity in order to detect the vibration of this mixing section, it becomes easier to detect changes (fluctuations) in the vibration, and nozzle clogging can be detected with even greater accuracy. In addition, if the vibration sensor is installed on the base side of the two-fluid nozzle (particularly in the gas-liquid mixing section), the installation environment is better than that of the tip, and it is possible to avoid or prevent the vibration caused by the resonance of the nozzle body from being detected by the vibration sensor, and it becomes possible to detect nozzle clogging of the two-fluid nozzle with high accuracy. In addition, it is easier to secure the installation space compared to the tip.

[0089] The method of installation (fixing) of the vibration sensor is not particularly limited as long as it can directly or indirectly measure the vibration of the nozzle or piping, and it may be attached via an intermediate member (such as a plate-like member such as a metal plate), and examples of such include screws, magnets, adhesives, hand probes (depth probes), and insulating washers, and silicone oil may also be used in combination, and the adhesive may be instant adhesive or double-sided tape (thick or thin). In view of the effect on frequency characteristics, it is usually preferable to fix directly with screws.

[0090] Furthermore, a temperature sensor (such as a thermocouple) may be used as the sensor. When nozzle clogging (including clogging of the pipe to which the nozzle is attached) occurs, the temperature of the nozzle (or the pipe) shows a predetermined relationship with the progress of nozzle clogging (clogging rate) depending on the usage environment (ambient or environmental temperature around the nozzle, temperature of the fluid being sprayed, etc.), and when the ambient temperature around the nozzle is high, such as in the steelmaking process, the temperature of the nozzle (or the pipe) usually rises as the nozzle clogging progresses, so that nozzle clogging can be detected by measuring the temperature of the nozzle (or the pipe) with a vibration sensor.

[0091] Therefore, the temperature sensor only needs to be able to measure the temperature of the nozzle and / or the piping to which the nozzle is attached, and may measure the temperature indirectly via an intermediate member capable of transmitting temperature; since an intermediate member is not necessarily required, the temperature sensor may be installed or attached directly to the nozzle or piping to measure the temperature directly, or, if necessary, the temperature inside the nozzle or piping or of the fluid may be measured.

[0092] Figures 7 to 8 are schematic diagrams showing other examples of nozzles equipped with the nozzle clogging detection device of the present invention, specifically, examples in which a temperature sensor is provided instead of the vibration sensor of the detection device in the examples of Figures 1 to 6. In the following description, elements (or members) that are the same as or have the same functions as the examples of Figures 1 to 6 may be given the same reference numerals.

[0093] FIG. 7 shows a schematic partial exploded view of the detection device 32 with the protective case cover (or upper wall) 8b and the wiring case cover 20b removed. In the nozzle 31 shown in FIGS. 7-8, the surface temperature of the nozzle body (pipe section) 2 can be measured by the temperature sensor (thermocouple) 37 using the power obtained by the power generation module (thermoelectric power generation module) 6. That is, the temperature sensor (thermocouple) 37 connected to the power generation module (thermoelectric power generation module) 6 via a cable 38 is drawn out of the protective case 8 from a through hole formed at a predetermined position of the protective case body (or peripheral wall) 8a, and an end (contact point or measuring part) is joined or welded to the surface of the nozzle body (pipe section) 2 [in this example, at a position 100 mm from the tip of the nozzle (nozzle tip)]. The surplus part of the cable 38 is housed in the wiring case (wiring storage box or wiring partition wall) 20 (20a, 20b). In this example, a wireless communication device and the like are built into the thermoelectric power generation module 6, and the primary temperature data (thermoelectromotive force) measured or observed by the temperature sensor (thermocouple) 37 is converted into a digital signal, associated or linked to each nozzle number (or nozzle address), and transmitted to the analytical device via the wireless communication device.

[0094] In the analysis device, nozzle clogging is detected in the same manner as in the examples of Figs. 1 to 6. For example, temperature data or signals received by the analysis device are stored in a storage means (storage circuit, memory circuit) in chronological order, and are provided to a control means (control circuit). The control means provides data to a calculation means (calculation circuit) to calculate a measurement value from the digital temperature data as necessary, and the calculation means calculates an average value or a maximum value (peak value) for a predetermined time. The data obtained by the calculation means is stored in the storage means in chronological order as a measurement value, and is provided to a comparison means (comparison circuit) to compare the measurement value (average value or maximum value data) with a threshold value (reference value). When the threshold value is reached, the comparison means generates a nozzle clogging detection signal, and it is determined that a nozzle clogging has occurred. Furthermore, the nozzle clogging detection signal is provided to the control means, and the control means provides a notification signal to the notification device in response to the nozzle clogging detection signal to notify that a specific nozzle 31 has been clogged, and the notification device notifies the nozzle clogging and the nozzle in which the nozzle clogging has occurred.

[0095] In this example, the end (contact point or measurement part) of the temperature sensor (thermocouple) 37 is joined or welded to the surface of the nozzle body (pipe part) 2, but the mounting position (measurement position) of the temperature sensor is not limited to the surface of the nozzle body as long as it is a position where nozzle clogging can be detected by temperature change, and it can be installed or attached to an appropriate location of the nozzle or the piping to which the nozzle is attached. The end (contact point or measurement part) of the temperature sensor (thermocouple) may be joined or installed, for example, on the nozzle tip surface, the surface of the piping to which the nozzle is attached, or inside the nozzle body (pipe part), but it is preferable to join it to the surface of the nozzle body (pipe part) because it is less likely to affect the nozzle spray pattern, is easy to install, and makes it easier to accurately detect nozzle clogging.

[0096] The end (contact point or measuring part) of the temperature sensor (thermocouple) may be attached to the base side of the nozzle (opposite the tip or nozzle tip), but is preferably installed or attached to the tip side of the nozzle (for example, closer to the tip side than the middle part of the length of the nozzle body). When the temperature sensor is attached to the tip or its vicinity, it becomes easier to detect temperature changes (fluctuations) due to nozzle clogging, and clogging can be detected with even greater accuracy. The end (contact point or measuring part) of the temperature sensor (thermocouple) may be joined or welded to a position, for example, 10 to 1000 mm (for example, 30 to 500 mm) from the tip of the nozzle tip, preferably about 50 to 200 mm (for example, 70 to 150 mm).

[0097] The method of installing (fixing) the temperature sensor is not particularly limited as long as it does not interfere with temperature measurement, and may be, for example, welding, adhesive (highly thermally conductive adhesive, etc.), etc. From the viewpoint of detection accuracy, joining or fixing by welding is preferable.

[0098] The temperature sensor may be, for example, a thermocouple. Examples include K thermocouple, B thermocouple, R thermocouple, T thermocouple, etc., and can be appropriately selected depending on the measurement temperature range or measurement temperature region, etc., with K thermocouple being preferred. The temperature sensor may be used in appropriate combination with other sensors, such as a pressure sensor, a flow rate sensor, a vibration sensor, etc., as necessary. These sensors may be used alone or in combination of two or more types, and it is usually preferred to use only a temperature sensor without using other sensors. By using only a temperature sensor, the detection method and detection device can be simplified.

[0099] Of these sensors, the vibration sensor is particularly preferred because it has a large fluctuation range (rate of fluctuation) from the initial value (a state in which there is absolutely no clogging) and can easily detect changes or fluctuations due to nozzle clogging with high accuracy.

[0100] (wireless communication device) The nozzle clogging detector is preferably equipped with a wireless communication device (wireless transmitter) so that data (information) or signals on vibration, temperature, etc. obtained by the sensor can be transmitted (transmitted) to an analysis device (analysis device) such as a management terminal (management PC) without wiring cables, etc. A detector equipped with a wireless communication device can reduce or eliminate cables (wiring) such as communication cables connecting the detector and analysis device, greatly improving the ease of installation and maintainability of the detector.

[0101] The wireless communication device is preferably driven (operated) by power from the power generation module, and may be capable of adjusting the transmission (transmission) frequency according to the amount of power generation.

[0102] The mounting position of the wireless communication device is not particularly limited, and as in the above-mentioned example, it may be built into the sensor or power generation module, or it may be independently installed or attached to a mounting base portion or the like.

[0103] The wireless communication device is not particularly limited as long as it is capable of transmitting (transmitting) data or signals to the analytical device (analytical device) wirelessly (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc.), and depending on the need (e.g., the radio wave environment, the number of detection devices to be connected, etc.), a wireless network (communication network) may be formed by interposing one or more repeaters or parent devices between the wireless communication device and the analytical device to achieve a wireless connection.

[0104] (Protective case) If necessary, the nozzle clogging detection device may be provided with a protective case (protective cover) for housing and protecting (covering) at least some of the members or parts (e.g., power generation module, sensor, cable, wireless communication device, etc.) constituting the device. Providing a protective case can improve the durability of the detection device, and it can effectively detect nozzle clogging for a long period of time even in harsh environments such as iron-making processes. In addition, even if members or parts (power generation module, cable, sensor, wireless communication device, etc.) that do not have high heat resistance [heat resistance temperature, or maximum operable temperature (maximum operating temperature)] or moisture resistance (or moist heat resistance) are used, a detection device with excellent durability can be manufactured, and the range of materials (or members) to be selected can be expanded, effectively improving productivity.

[0105] The shape or form of the protective case (protective cover) is not particularly limited as long as it is capable of protecting the inside (e.g., protecting from heat, water vapor, etc.), and may be, for example, a box-like (rectangular parallelepiped, etc.), dome-like (hemispherical), bag-like or pack-like shape; however, from the viewpoints of ease of handling and excellent workability, maintainability and formability without affecting the operation of the sensor, etc., a form in which the protective case is attached so as to cover the mounting surface of the mounting base part to which each member or part is attached (i.e., a form in which the mounting base part and the protective case are protected or covered as a whole) is preferred, and more preferably, a form formed by a protective case main body that can be attached to the mounting surface of the mounting base part and has at least an opening (opening surface), and a protective case lid that can be closed in correspondence with the opening of this protective case main body, and in particular, a box-like (rectangular parallelepiped, etc.) shape is preferred, formed by a protective case main body (peripheral wall, side wall or frame body) that stands upright from the mounting surface (bottom wall) of the mounting base part, and a protective case lid (or upper wall) that can be closed in correspondence with the opening of this protective case main body.

[0106] The shape of the protective case body (peripheral wall, side wall or frame) is not particularly limited as long as it has at least an opening to be closed by the lid when attached to the mounting base, and may be, for example, a polygonal column (such as a polygonal frame such as a square frame), a cylinder, a dome (semispherical), or a frustum (such as a polygonal pyramid or a truncated cone), and is usually preferably a frame (such as a polygonal frame such as a square frame) that is erected in accordance with the shape of the outer periphery of the mounting surface (bottom wall) of the mounting base and has an open top. The shape of the lid is not particularly limited as long as it can close (or open and close) the opening of the case body, and may be a polygonal shape (such as a square shape), a circular plate shape, or the like, and is usually a shape (such as a polygonal shape such as a square shape) that corresponds to the outer periphery of the mounting surface of the mounting base.

[0107] The material (material) forming the protective case is not particularly limited as long as it can effectively protect the inside (for example, can protect from heat, water vapor, etc.), and examples thereof include metal materials (iron or its alloy such as stainless steel, aluminum or its alloy, etc.), resins (heat-resistant resins) [for example, polycarbonate-based resins, polyamide-based resins (aromatic polyamide, etc.), polyimide-based resins (polyetherimide, polyamideimide, etc.), polyacetal-based resins, polyetherketone-based resins (polyetheretherketone, etc.), polyphenylene sulfide resins (PPS), polysulfone-based resins (polysulfone, polyethersulfone, etc.), (super) engineering plastics such as fluorine resins, etc.], etc. These materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these materials, metal materials such as stainless steel and heat-resistant resin materials such as PPS are preferred.

[0108] From the viewpoint of strength and productivity, the material of the protective case is preferably a metal material such as stainless steel, and the entire protective case may be made of a metal material. However, if the entire detection device is protected or covered with a metal material, when a wireless communication device is housed inside the protective case, the case may block or shield the communication or radio waves, and the information or signal obtained by the sensor may not be stably transmitted (transmitted) to the analysis device. Therefore, it is preferable that at least a part of the area (wall surface) of the protective case is formed of a resin part containing a resin (heat-resistant resin). In this way, a protective case containing a resin part allows communication without blocking or shielding the communication or radio waves, and can achieve both high durability and good communication quality.

[0109] In a protective case for housing a wireless communication device, at least a part of the area may include a resin part, and the entire surface may be protected or covered with the resin part, but from the viewpoint of strength, productivity, etc., it is preferable to form a part of the area with the resin part and form the remaining area (other than the resin part) with a metal material (metal part) such as stainless steel. The ratio of the resin part may be, for example, 5 to 100 area % (e.g., 10 to 90 area %), preferably 20 to 80 area % (e.g., 30 to 70 area %), and more preferably about 35 to 60 area % (e.g., 40 to 50 area %) with respect to the entire area or wall surface (inner wall surface) of the protective case. If the ratio of the resin part is too small, communication quality may decrease or the case may become large, and if it is too large, productivity may decrease.

[0110] The resin part of the protective case may be any region (wall surface) and is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that at least one wall surface of the protective case (for example, a wall surface facing the mounting position of the wireless communication device) is made of resin, and from the viewpoints of case strength, productivity (moldability), miniaturization, etc., a configuration in which the lid of the protective case including the main body and its lid includes a resin part (particularly, a configuration in which the lid is formed of resin) is preferable. If the lid is formed of a metal material with high thermal conductivity, there is a risk that the case will need to be made larger (such as by making the peripheral wall higher) to protect the inside from heat, but a configuration in which the lid includes a resin part with low thermal conductivity (particularly, the lid is formed of resin) can effectively protect the inside from heat and is easy to miniaturize.

[0111] The thickness of the resin part made of resin (heat-resistant resin such as PPS) may be, for example, 0.1 to 30 mm (e.g., 1 to 15 mm), preferably about 3 to 10 mm (e.g., 5 to 8 mm). If the resin part is too thin, it may not be possible to effectively protect the inside, and if it is too thick, communication quality may decrease, making it difficult to stably detect nozzle clogging.

[0112] When the metal part is made of a metal material (such as stainless steel), the thickness may be, for example, 0.01 to 30 mm (e.g., 0.1 to 15 mm), preferably about 0.5 to 10 mm (e.g., 1 to 6 mm). If the metal part is too thin, it may not be able to effectively protect the inside, and if it is too thick, it may reduce moldability or productivity. In the present invention, as long as the resin part is included as described above, good communication quality can be ensured.

[0113] Even if a thermoelectric power generation module is housed inside a protective case, a heat transfer member may be attached to the protective case in order to efficiently receive or dissipate heat at the heat receiving section (heat receiving surface) or heat dissipation section (heat dissipation surface) [particularly, the heat receiving section (heat receiving surface)] to improve power generation efficiency.

[0114] The heat transfer member may at least contain a material with high thermal conductivity, for example, metal materials such as aluminum, copper, silver, gold, platinum, nickel, iron, or alloys thereof (aluminum alloys, brass, etc.), ceramic materials such as silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, carbon materials such as diamond, etc. The heat transfer member may contain a material with low thermal conductivity such as a resin as necessary, and the ratio of the material with high thermal conductivity in the heat transfer member may be, for example, 10 mass% or more (e.g., 30 mass% or more), preferably 50 mass% or more (e.g., 70 mass% or more), and more preferably 90 mass% or more (substantially 100 mass%). These materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these materials, metal materials such as aluminum, copper, or alloys thereof (e.g., aluminum alloys) are preferred.

[0115] The shape of the heat transfer member is not particularly limited and may be, for example, rod-shaped, plate-shaped, block-shaped, etc., with a plate-shaped member being preferred in that it is easy to arrange (install) or attach opposite or corresponding to the heat receiving part (heat receiving surface) or the heat dissipating part (heat dissipating surface).

[0116] The mounting position of the heat transfer member is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to mount the heat transfer member, for example, on a protective case wall surface near the heat receiving part (heat receiving surface) or heat dissipating part (heat dissipating surface) of the thermoelectric power generation module, preferably on a protective case wall surface (outer wall surface and / or inner wall surface) facing (or corresponding to) the heat receiving part or heat dissipating part.

[0117] The heat transfer member may be attached to the protective case in a form of contact or non-contact with the heat receiving part or the heat dissipating part. When used in an environment where the temperature around the nozzle (operating temperature or environmental temperature) is high, it is preferable to arrange the heat dissipating part of the thermoelectric power generation module facing the inside of the nozzle (the flow path side or the mounting base side) and the heat receiving part facing the outside of the nozzle (the operating environment side), and arrange the heat transfer member facing the heat receiving part facing the outside of the nozzle, and the heat transfer member may be arranged in contact (surface contact, etc.) with the heat receiving part. However, when the temperature around the nozzle is too high, such as in a steelmaking process, when the heat transfer member is in contact with the heat receiving part, the temperature of the heat receiving part may exceed the heat resistance temperature or operating temperature (maximum operating temperature) of the module, making it impossible to generate electricity stably or causing a breakdown. Therefore, in applications where the temperature around the nozzle is particularly high, it is preferable to arrange the heat transfer member and the heat receiving part facing each other in a non-contact state. Even when arranged in such a non-contact state, not only can the power generation efficiency be effectively improved, but even a module with low heat resistance [heat resistance temperature or maximum operating temperature] can be used, and productivity can be improved.

[0118] Furthermore, when the heat transfer member is disposed facing the heat receiving part or the heat dissipating part in a non-contact state, the heat transfer member (e.g., a heat transfer promotion plate formed into a plate shape) may be attached to the outer wall surface and / or inner wall surface of the protective case wall surface (e.g., the wall surface facing the heat receiving part or the heat dissipating part), and is preferably attached to at least the inner wall surface. When the heat transfer member is attached to the inner wall surface (inner side), it seems that the temperature difference between the heat receiving part and the heat dissipating part can be secured more efficiently than when the heat transfer member is attached to the outer wall surface (outer side). The protective case wall surface (outer wall surface and / or inner wall surface) to which the heat transfer member is attached may be formed of the resin part. In the present invention, even if the heat transfer member is attached to a resin part with low thermal conductivity, it seems that the temperature difference can be secured effectively.

[0119] When the heat transfer member is installed on the inner wall surface of the protective case facing the heat receiving part or the heat dissipating part in a non-contact state (at a predetermined distance) with respect to the heat receiving part or the heat dissipating part, the distance (or gap) between the heat transfer member and the heat receiving part or the heat dissipating part may be adjusted according to the temperature around the nozzle (operating temperature or environmental temperature) and the heat resistance [heat resistance temperature or maximum operating temperature] of the thermoelectric power generation module, and may be, for example, about 1 to 50 mm (for example, 3 to 30 mm), preferably about 5 to 20 mm (for example, 8 to 15 mm). If the distance (or gap) is too short, the module may not be able to generate power stably or may break down in applications where the temperature around the nozzle is too high, such as ironmaking processes, and if the distance (or gap) is too far, it may be difficult to ensure a temperature difference [for example, it may be difficult to ensure a temperature difference necessary for driving the sensor (clog detection) depending on the operating state (environmental temperature during operation) of the equipment using the nozzle], and efficient power generation may not be possible, or the protective case may become large. Furthermore, when the heat transfer member is a heat transfer promotion plate formed into a plate shape, its thickness may be adjusted according to the above-mentioned distance (or gap) and may be, for example, about 0.1 to 50 mm (e.g., 0.5 to 30 mm), preferably about 1 to 10 mm (e.g., 2 to 5 mm).

[0120] In addition, the protective case may be provided with a wiring storage box (wiring partition wall) inside for storing or partitioning wiring (cables) (e.g., a cable connecting the power generation module and the sensor) etc., as necessary.

[0121] (Analyzer) Data (primary data, etc.) obtained by the sensor may be subjected to a predetermined processing as necessary. For example, the primary vibration data from the vibration sensor may be amplified by an amplifier, and a filter circuit (low-pass filter, high-pass filter, band filter circuit) may be used to extract or process (noise removal processing) predetermined vibration information (data). The input range (voltage range) may be set to a predetermined value, for example, 1 Vrms. If the input range is too large, the sensitivity is insufficient (dulled), and if it is too small, the input range is over-range (input over), making measurement difficult. The primary vibration data is usually A / D converted by an A / D converter (A / D conversion circuit) and converted from an analog signal to a digital signal. The calculation means (calculation circuit) may use data with one sample, not limited to the average value (average value data) of vibration data measured over a predetermined time and / or a predetermined number of samplings. Also, using various processing functions, the average value, integrated value, integrated average value, absolute average value, root mean square (RMS), standard deviation, maximum value (PEAK) or minimum value, crest factor (CF), and overall value (OA value) may be calculated and used as the measured value, and may be, for example, the average value or integrated value for 1 to 10 seconds (for example, 2 to 9 seconds), preferably 3 to 7 seconds (for example, 4 to 6 seconds). These measured values ​​may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these measured values, the root mean square (RMS) is preferred. Note that FFT analysis is not necessarily performed, and a sensor or an analysis device without an FFT function may be used. Also, the measured value may be calculated continuously, intermittently, or periodically (at regular intervals). Also, depending on the required accuracy, all the calculated measured values ​​may be compared with a threshold value, or some measured values ​​extracted randomly or under predetermined conditions may be compared with a threshold value.

[0122] There is a certain correlation between the nozzle clogging rate and the data (vibration, temperature, etc.) obtained by the sensor. For example, when the nozzle clogging rate increases, the vibration strength of the nozzle decreases, and in a nozzle used in a high-temperature environment such as an iron-making process, the nozzle temperature increases. The relational equation (proportional equation, calibration curve) between the nozzle clogging rate and the measured value (measurement data) can be created based on the measured value (measurement data) of the nozzle corresponding to each clogging rate of a plurality of nozzles whose clogging rates are known. In addition, in an actual machine (equipment that is actually operating), it may be difficult to measure clogging data in advance. In such a case, the data in a non-clogging state may be set as the initial value, and when a change from the initial value is observed, the work of checking the nozzle clogging state (clogging rate) may be repeated to accumulate data and construct the relational equation between the nozzle clogging rate and the measured value. In addition, a threshold value corresponding to a desired clogging rate can be set based on the relational equation. Furthermore, it is possible to predict when nozzle clogging will occur for a given nozzle clogging rate based on the relational equation or the change in measurement values ​​over time (time series data), and to perform nozzle maintenance work (e.g., nozzle replacement or nozzle cleaning) based on the prediction, thereby preventing nozzle clogging during operation.

[0123] (Threshold) The threshold value can be set arbitrarily according to the use conditions (use environment or application) such as flow rate and fluid pressure, and may be set based on a relational expression previously determined from the relationship between the nozzle measurement value (vibration, temperature, etc.) and the nozzle clogging rate. The threshold value can also be set according to the desired nozzle clogging rate based on the relational expression. For example, the threshold value may be set corresponding to a clogging rate of 10 to 70% (e.g., 15 to 60%), preferably 20 to 50% (e.g., 25 to 45%), and more preferably 30 to 40% (e.g., 30%). For example, if the threshold value is set to a clogging rate of 30%, clogging at an early stage with a clogging rate of 30% can be detected.

[0124] In this specification and the claims, the clogging rate can be calculated from the rate of decrease (decrease rate) of the spray flow rate. For example, it may be the rate of decrease (decrease rate) of the spray flow rate when spraying is performed under the same conditions after clogging has progressed, compared to the spray flow rate (particularly, in the case of a two-fluid nozzle, the flow rate of the liquid) in an initial state without clogging (clogging rate 0%) under specified conditions, and may be calculated using the following formula.

[0125] Clogging rate [%] = (initial spray flow rate - spray flow rate after clogging progresses) ÷ initial spray flow rate × 100.

[0126] Furthermore, one or more threshold values ​​may be set, or multiple threshold values ​​corresponding to different levels of clogging rates may be set, and the timing of nozzle maintenance may be set based on the level of the nozzle clogging rate.

[0127] The analysis device (analysis device) is not particularly limited, and may include a comparison means (comparison circuit) [determination means (determination circuit)] that compares the measurement value associated with each of the multiple nozzles with a threshold value and determines that a nozzle is clogged when the measurement value reaches the threshold value. The analysis device may also include a notification means that detects a clogged nozzle and notifies the nozzle number where the clogged nozzle is occurring.

[0128] The apparatus may also be provided with a storage means [storage circuit (memory circuit)] for recording (storing) and accumulating data (information) in a chronological order. The time-series data may be used to check the past nozzle state (nozzle clogging rate), and the nozzle state may be tracked by associating (linking) with a product (e.g., a cast piece) manufactured at a corresponding time. The time-series data may also be used (feedback) to predict the time of nozzle clogging, and measures to prevent clogging (e.g., cleaning, washing, injection of microbubble water) may be taken based on the predicted time. The time-series data may also be used to input equipment conditions (e.g., nozzle shape, size, material), types of ejected material (e.g., recycled water, tap water, and air), and the like to predict the life of the nozzle or equipment at the equipment design stage. The analyzer may also be connected to the Internet, and the data may be checked on-site or remotely using IoT (Internet of Things), and when nozzle clogging is detected, instructions (operations) may be given remotely to stop the equipment or perform a clogging removal operation (e.g., injection of microbubble water).

[0129] The analyzer may also include other means or circuits, such as an A / D converter (A / D conversion circuit), control means (control circuit), and calculation means (calculation circuit).

[0130] The above-mentioned means or circuits may be included in other members or devices such as a sensor or a wireless communication device. For example, the sensor may include an A / D converter (A / D conversion circuit), a calculation means (calculation circuit), etc.

[0131] (Notification device or notification means) An alarm device (alarm means) is not necessarily required, but it is preferable to provide an alarm in order to effectively utilize the detected nozzle clogging. The alarm device is not particularly limited, and it is sufficient to have an alarm means for detecting a nozzle clogging and notifying which nozzle has a clogging, and may be a display device (e.g., a monitor) or an audio device (e.g., an alarm). The alarm device (alarm means) may also be built into the analyzer.

[0132] (Detection position) Clogging often occurs mainly in the nozzle [e.g., the nozzle tip, the nozzle body (pipe section), etc.], but clogging can also occur in the piping that supplies the fluid to the nozzle. In the present invention, clogging that occurs in the piping can also be effectively or accurately detected. Therefore, the nozzle clogging detection device does not necessarily have to be installed near the nozzle, and may be attached to, for example, the supply piping (branch section, etc.) for supplying the fluid.

[0133] Furthermore, when there are multiple nozzles, such as in the secondary cooling zone of a continuous casting facility, the nozzle clogging detection device does not necessarily have to be provided with one detection device for each nozzle, as in the example described above, and the number of detection devices may be more or less than the total number of nozzles.

[0134] For example, a plurality of nozzles may be arranged in each of a plurality of areas, and one or a plurality of detection devices may be provided for each area. Specifically, this is shown in FIG. 9. FIG. 9(a) is a schematic side view of a secondary cooling zone in a continuous casting facility, in which a plurality of rolls 42 (only one side is shown) are arranged on both sides (both sides) to transport a slab 41, and a secondary cooling zone equipped with a plurality of nozzles for spraying or discharging cooling water between the rolls 42 is arranged. FIG. 9(b) is a schematic bottom view of the secondary cooling zone as seen from the slab 41 side, in which five or six nozzles are arranged in one row in the width direction of the slab 41 (the length direction of the rolls 42), and the nozzles in each row are arranged alternately in the length direction (flow direction) of the slab 41. The five or six nozzles in each row are supplied with a fluid branched at a predetermined position (branching portion) via a supply pipe 43. For example, the supply pipe 43 is connected to a supply pipe 44 extending in the length direction of the slab 41, and is connected (or branched) to supply pipes 45a and 45b at both ends of the supply pipe 44. The supply pipe 45a is connected to a supply pipe 46 extending in the length direction of the slab 41, and the supply pipe 46 is further connected (or branched) to supply pipes 47a, 47b, 47c, and 47d, respectively. The supply pipe 47a is connected to a supply pipe 48 extending in the width direction of the slab 41, and the supply pipe 48 is further branched into five, which are respectively connected to the five nozzles forming the nozzle row 49. That is, the fluid supplied from the supply pipe 43 can be sprayed from each of the five nozzles of the nozzle row 49 by passing (or branching) through the supply pipes 44, 45a, 46, 47a, and 48 in this order. In the present invention, for example, a detection device may be installed in the supply pipe 47a (upstream side of the supply pipe 48 that branches into five pipes corresponding to the nozzle row 49) to detect the occurrence of a clogging in any of the five nozzles forming the nozzle row 49 or in its pipe (such as the pipe downstream of the supply pipe 47a). That is, the nozzles and their pipes may be partitioned (divided) into predetermined areas, and clogging in each area may be detected. Furthermore, the occurrence or location of nozzle clogging may be identified accurately or efficiently by installing a detection device near (particularly on the upstream side of) the corresponding supply pipe for each nozzle row.

[0135] Note that a detection device may be installed not only in the supply pipe corresponding to the nozzle row, but also in a branching portion of the supply pipe corresponding to an area (or nozzle group) formed by a plurality of nozzle rows, as necessary, and for example, a detection device may be installed in the supply pipe 45a (upstream side of the supply pipe 46 branched into four corresponding to the area 50) corresponding to the area (or nozzle group) 50 to detect the occurrence of clogging in any of the 22 nozzles forming the area 50 or in its pipe (such as the pipe downstream of the supply pipe 45a). Even in this case, the occurrence or location of nozzle clogging may be identified accurately or efficiently by installing a detection device near the branching portion of the supply pipe for each area (nozzle group). EXAMPLES

[0136] The present invention will be described in more detail below based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0137] [Example 1] Verification of nozzle clogging detection Using a nozzle equipped with the nozzle clogging detector shown in Figures 1 to 6, whether clogging can be detected was verified under the following conditions.

[0138] (Details of the test nozzle and detection device) Test nozzle: A two-fluid nozzle using water and air as fluids. Nozzle tip: Flat spray type (SUS303) Nozzle body (pipe section): Stainless steel (SUS304TP) pipe Mounting base: Stainless steel block (SUS303, 150mm x 135mm x 35mm) with flow path and mounting screw holes Fluid sealing plate: Stainless steel plate (SUS304), thickness 3 mm Thermoelectric power generation module: "KELGEN SD / KSGD-SSV3-A00" manufactured by KELK Corporation. Installed with the heat dissipation surface facing the mounting base (flow path side) and in contact with the fluid sealing plate. Vibration sensor: KELK Corporation's "KELGEN SD / KSGD-SSV3-A00", frequency range up to 2.6kHz, sampling frequency 6kHz, measurement time 300msec, built-in wireless communication device, installed via a sensor mounting plate (SUS303) as an intermediate member at a position corresponding to the mixing section where water and air are mixed (confluent). Wiring storage box: ABS resin box, thickness approx. 2 mm Protective case body (peripheral or side wall): Stainless steel (SUS304) frame, thickness 3 mm Protective case cover (ceiling wall): PPS resin (polyphenylene sulfide resin) plate, thickness 6 mm Heat transfer material: Aluminum alloy plate (A5052), 61 mm x 44 mm x 3 mm thick, installed on the inner wall of the protective case lid corresponding to the heat receiving surface of the thermoelectric power generation module (gap between the heat transfer material and the heat receiving surface of the thermoelectric power generation module: 10 mm)

[0139] (Test Method) 1) A test nozzle equipped with a nozzle clogging detection device was placed in a nozzle clogging evaluation device (a device conforming to the description in Figure 1 of JP 2021-109202 A) that allows the nozzle environmental temperature to be freely set, and the environmental temperature around the nozzle was adjusted to 150°C using a hot air generator (heater unit).

[0140] 2) The spray rate of water (cooling water, temperature approx. 15-25°C) as the fluid is 10 L / min, and the flow rate of air (temperature approx. 30-50°C) as the fluid is 5.0 m 3 / h (nor.), and the vibration data [root mean square (RMS)] in an unclogging state (clogging rate 0%, initial state) was measured.

[0141] 3) Clogging was caused at the nozzle tip by inserting foreign matter into the orifice. In other words, the amount of sprayed water was adjusted depending on how the foreign matter was inserted, and the clogging rate was set to about 10-90%, and the vibration data [root mean square (RMS)] was measured at each clogging rate.

[0142] 4) The obtained data was transmitted to a management computer via a wireless communication device.

[0143] [Example 2] Verification of nozzle clogging detection Except for installing a flow control valve in the supply pipe of water (cooling water) which is a fluid, and reproducing a state in which clogging occurred in the cooling water supply pipe by opening and closing the valve, the same procedure as in Example 1 was used to verify whether clogging could be detected. That is, without clogging the orifice with foreign matter, the amount of sprayed water was adjusted by the opening of the valve, and the clogging rate was set to about 30 to 90%, and vibration data [root mean square (RMS)] at each clogging rate was measured.

[0144] [Example 3] Verification of nozzle clogging detection Except for installing a flow rate adjustment valve in the nozzle body (pipe section) and reproducing a state in which clogging occurred in the pipe section by opening and closing the valve, the same procedure as in Example 1 was used to verify whether clogging could be detected. That is, without clogging the orifice section with foreign matter, the amount of sprayed water was adjusted by adjusting the opening of the valve, and the clogging rate was set to about 30 to 90%, and vibration data [root mean square (RMS)] at each clogging rate was measured.

[0145] [Example 4] Verification of nozzle clogging detection It was verified whether clogging could be detected in the same manner as in Example 2, except that a detection device (the device shown in Figs. 7 and 8) equipped with a temperature sensor (thermocouple) was used instead of the vibration sensor.

[0146] The temperature sensor (thermocouple), wireless communication device, and thermoelectric power generation module used were "KELGEN SD / KSGD-STK-A01" manufactured by KELK Corporation. The tip (temperature measuring part) of the temperature sensor (thermocouple) was welded to the surface of the pipe at a position 100 mm from the tip of the nozzle tip, and the temperature was measured. The obtained temperature data was sent to a management computer via the wireless communication device.

[0147] [Example 5] Verification of nozzle clogging detection The two-fluid nozzle was changed to a one-fluid nozzle [flat spray nozzle (C3604)] that uses water as the fluid, and the inlet of the air supply flow path in the mounting base part (the point where it connects to the air supply piping) was blocked. Except for this, the same procedure as in Example 2 was followed to verify whether clogging could be detected.

[0148] [Example 6] Verification of nozzle clogging detection The two-fluid nozzle was changed to a one-fluid nozzle [flat spray nozzle (C3604)] that uses water as the fluid, and the inlet of the air supply flow path in the mounting base part (the point where it connects to the air supply piping) was blocked. Except for this, the same procedure as in Example 4 was followed to verify whether clogging could be detected.

[0149] The results obtained in Examples 1 to 6 are shown in the following table. For the detection results in Examples 1 to 6, the absolute value of the ratio (rate of change) of the observed value at each clogging rate to the observed value (initial value) at a clogging rate of 0% was calculated using the following formula, and the maximum value was evaluated according to the following criteria. In Examples 1 to 3 and 5 where the vibration value [RMS (root mean square) of acceleration] was observed, the maximum value of each rate of change in the X, Y or Z direction at each clogging rate was adopted and evaluated according to the following criteria.

[0150] Change rate [%] = (observed value at each clogging rate - observed value at 0% clogging rate) / observed value at 0% clogging rate x 100

[0151] ◎…60% or more ○…40% or more, less than 60% △: 10% or more, less than 40% ×…Less than 10%.

[0152] [Table 1]

[0153] [Table 2]

[0154] [Table 3]

[0155] [Table 4]

[0156] [Table 5]

[0157] [Table 6]

[0158] [Table 7]

[0159] As is clear from the results in Tables 1 to 7, in all of the Examples, vibration or temperature data could be measured and transmitted using the power generated by the thermoelectric power generation module, and clogging of the nozzle could be detected.

[0160] In Example 1, when clogging occurred in the nozzle tip, the vibration value RMS decreased, and clogging could be detected. Also, not only in the nozzle tip, but also in Example 2 (cooling water supply piping) and Example 3 (pipe), when clogging occurred in a location other than the nozzle tip and the amount of sprayed water decreased, a similar tendency for the vibration value (acceleration) RMS to decrease was observed, and clogging could be detected.

[0161] In Example 4, a temperature sensor (thermocouple) was used instead of a vibration sensor for detection, and when the amount of sprayed water decreased due to clogging, the cooling from the fluid weakened, causing the pipe temperature to rise, and clogging could be detected. Compared to Example 2, which used a vibration sensor, the rate of change was smaller, so the detection accuracy (or sensitivity) was lower than in Example 2, and the detection result was rated as △ (it was difficult to detect when the clogging rate was low).

[0162] Example 5 is an example in which a one-fluid nozzle was used instead of a two-fluid nozzle, but like Example 2 in which a two-fluid nozzle was used, there was a tendency for the vibration value RMS to decrease, and clogging was detectable. Compared to Example 2, the vibration value (acceleration) RMS was smaller, so the detection accuracy (or sensitivity) was slightly lower than Example 2, and the detection result was rated as ○ (it was slightly difficult to detect when the clogging rate was low).

[0163] In Example 6, a temperature sensor (thermocouple) was used instead of a vibration sensor to detect clogging in a single-fluid nozzle, and similarly to Example 4, when the amount of sprayed water decreased due to clogging, the cooling from the fluid weakened and the pipe temperature rose, making it possible to detect clogging. Also, compared to Example 5, which used a vibration sensor, the rate of change was smaller, so the detection accuracy (or sensitivity) was lower than in Example 5, and the detection result was rated △ (it was difficult to detect when the clogging rate was low).

[0164] [Example 7] Impact of protective cases on communication (Example 7-1) Without protective case The heat-receiving surface of a thermoelectric power generation module equipped with a vibration sensor and a wireless communication device [KELGEN SD / KSGD-SSV3-A00 manufactured by KELK Corporation] was heated with a hair dryer, creating a temperature difference of approximately 15 to 20°C between the heat-receiving surface and the heat-dissipating surface, and the communication quality was evaluated when the wireless communication device was operated at room temperature.

[0165] The communication quality was evaluated using the relative signal strength LQI (Link Quality Indicator) displayed on the monitor screen using the management software provided with the KELGEN SD. The higher the LQI number, the stronger the received signal strength, and a value of 50 or higher is considered good communication.

[0166] (Examples 7-2 to 7-5) With protective case After creating a temperature difference between the heat receiving surface and the heat dissipating surface, the wireless communication device was quickly placed in a protective case (a cylindrical container made of SUS or resin) formed of the specified material and thickness shown in Table 8, and the communication quality of the wireless communication device was evaluated by conducting tests similar to those in Example 7-1.

[0167] The results obtained in Examples 7-1 to 7-5 are shown in the following table.

[0168] [Table 8]

[0169] As is clear from the results in Table 8, in Examples 7-2 to 7-4 in which the protective case was made of stainless steel, the communication quality significantly decreased or communication was impossible, and data communication cable wiring was sometimes required. On the other hand, in Example 7-5 in which a resin protective case was used, data communication was possible without any problems.

[0170] [Example 8] Effect of heat transfer member In order to verify the effect of the heat transfer member on the temperature difference between the heat receiving part and the heat dissipating part of the thermoelectric power generation module (temperature of the central part of the heat receiving part - temperature of the central part of the heat dissipating part), a numerical analysis (heat transfer analysis) using the finite element method was performed as follows to determine the temperature distribution.

[0171] (Example 8-1) No heat transfer member A heat transfer analysis was performed using the finite element method based on the analysis mesh (simple model) shown in Figure 10, the boundary conditions described below, and the physical properties of each component. The heat transfer analysis was performed under three conditions: a condition in which the temperature of the environmental surface or outer surface of the protective case [i.e., the top surface and left and right surfaces of the analysis mesh (simple model)] was fixed at 150°C, and a condition in which a predetermined heat transfer coefficient was applied at an environmental temperature (external ambient temperature) of 150°C or 300°C. The heat transfer coefficient was a typical value of 10.0 W / m 2 Set it to K.

[0172] [Table 9]

[0173] [Table 10]

[0174] A contour plot (isoline map) of the temperature distribution obtained by the analysis is shown in FIG. 11, a graph showing the temperature distribution in the central cross section of the analysis mesh is shown in FIG. 12, and the temperature difference between the heat receiving section and the heat dissipating section (central cross section) is shown in Table 11.

[0175] (Example 8-2) With heat transfer member (outside) A heat transfer analysis was performed by the finite element method in the same manner as in Example 8-1, except that the analytical mesh (simple model) shown in FIG. 13 was used instead of that in FIG.

[0176] A contour plot (isoline map) of the temperature distribution obtained by the analysis is shown in FIG. 14, a graph showing the temperature distribution in the central cross section of the analysis mesh is shown in FIG. 15, and the temperature difference between the heat receiving part and the heat dissipating part (central cross section) is shown in Table 11.

[0177] (Example 8-3) With heat transfer member (inside) A heat transfer analysis was performed by the finite element method in the same manner as in Example 8-1, except that the analytical mesh (simple model) shown in FIG. 16 was used instead of that in FIG.

[0178] A contour plot (isoline map) of the temperature distribution obtained by the analysis is shown in FIG. 17, a graph showing the temperature distribution in the central cross section of the analysis mesh is shown in FIG. 18, and the temperature difference between the heat receiving part and the heat dissipating part (central cross section) is shown in Table 11.

[0179] In Examples 8-1 to 8-3, in order to confirm the influence of the heat transfer member, the parts other than the heat transfer member are the same in each analysis mesh, and for example, the distance from the heat receiving part to the protective case cover is all standardized to 13 mm. Therefore, in Example 8-3 in which the heat transfer member is installed on the inner wall surface of the protective case cover, the distance from the heat receiving part to the heat transfer member (the thickness of the air layer between them) is 10 mm, which is different from the air layer thickness of 13 mm in Examples 8-1 and 8-2, but this difference does not greatly affect the temperature difference between the heat receiving part and the heat dissipating part (the presence of the air layer itself has a large effect, and the difference in the thickness of the air layer of 3 mm does not pose a problem in confirming the influence of the heat transfer member).

[0180] [Table 11]

[0181] As is clear from the results of Table 11 and Figures 10 to 18, the required temperature difference was easily obtained under all conditions when the heat transfer member was attached inside the case (Example 8-3) compared to when there was no heat transfer member (Example 8-1). In addition, when the heat transfer member was attached outside the case (Example 8-2), it was expected that the temperature difference in the steady state would be about the same as when it was attached inside (Example 8-3), but unexpectedly, it was about the same as or less than when there was no heat transfer member (Example 8-1), and it was found that the case where it was attached inside (Example 8-3) can effectively (easily or efficiently) generate power regardless of the operating conditions of the equipment (such as the environmental temperature during operation), and is preferable because it can improve the frequency of data acquisition and transmission.

[0182] [Example 9] Effect of planar flow channel (water reservoir or liquid reservoir) In order to verify the effect of the planar flow path (water reservoir or liquid reservoir) on the temperature difference between the heat receiving part and the heat dissipating part of the thermoelectric power generation module (temperature of the central part of the heat receiving part - temperature of the central part of the heat dissipating part), a numerical analysis (heat transfer analysis) using the finite element method was performed as follows to determine the temperature distribution.

[0183] (Example 9-1) No planar flow channel A heat transfer analysis was performed by the finite element method based on the analytical mesh (simple model) shown in Fig. 19, the boundary conditions described below, and the physical properties of each member described in Example 8-1 (Table 10). Note that, as the boundary conditions, the temperature of the environment-side surface or outer surface of the protective case [i.e., the upper surface and left and right surfaces of the analytical mesh (simple model)] was set to a fixed condition of 150°C, and the water temperature was set to 27°C.

[0184] A contour map (isoline map) of the temperature distribution obtained by analysis is shown in Fig. 20, a graph showing the temperature distribution in the central cross section of the analysis mesh is shown in Fig. 23, and the temperature difference between the heat receiving part and the heat dissipating part (central cross section) is shown in Table 12. Note that the reference position on the horizontal axis of the graph in Fig. 23 refers to a position 3 mm below the heat dissipating part of the analysis mesh (simple model).

[0185] (Example 9-2) With planar flow channel A heat transfer analysis was performed by the finite element method in the same manner as in Example 9-1, except that the analytical mesh (simple model) shown in FIG. 21 was used instead of that in FIG.

[0186] A contour map (isoline map) of the temperature distribution obtained by the analysis is shown in FIG. 22, a graph showing the temperature distribution in the central cross section of the analysis mesh is shown in FIG. 23, and the temperature difference between the heat receiving section and the heat dissipating section (central cross section) is shown in Table 12.

[0187] [Table 12]

[0188] As is clear from the results of Table 12 and Figures 19 to 23, when a planar flow path (water pool portion) is provided (Example 9-2) compared to when there is no planar flow path (water pool portion) (Example 9-1), the temperature difference is about 6°C higher, power can be generated effectively (easily or efficiently), and the frequency of data acquisition and transmission can be improved, which is desirable. [Industrial Applicability]

[0189] The nozzle clogging detection device of the present invention can reduce or eliminate wiring by cables (such as power cables), is easy to install (or handle), and can suppress tangling of cables (or wiring) even when applied to a large number of nozzles, effectively improving workability (ease of installation) and excellent maintainability. In addition, it has excellent durability (or heat resistance), can be used even in harsh environments, and can detect nozzle clogging accurately or efficiently. Furthermore, it can detect nozzle clogging with a simple structure even during operation, especially while spraying against a spray target such as a cast slab. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to various nozzles that can spray or spray a fluid, and can be applied to a nozzle band formed by multiple adjacent nozzles, for example, a secondary cooling band of a continuous casting facility or a nozzle band of an inkjet printer. In particular, it is advantageously applied to nozzles used in ironmaking processes where industrial water is used and nozzle clogging is likely to occur, and nozzle clogging has a significant impact on quality (for example, nozzles in the secondary cooling band of a continuous casting facility). [Explanation of symbols]

[0190] 1,31...Nozzle (two-fluid nozzle) 2,32…Nozzle clogging detector 3...Nozzle body (pipe section) 4…Nozzle tip 5...Base part (mounting base part or mounting base plate) 6…Power generation module 6a…Heat receiving part (heat receiving surface) 6b…Heat dissipation section (heat dissipation surface) 6c…Cable 7...Sensor (vibration sensor or acceleration detector) 8a…Protective case body (or peripheral wall) 8b...Protective case cover (or upper wall) 9...Heat transfer member (heat transfer promotion plate) 10...Fluid sealing plate (water leakage prevention plate) 11...Sealing material (gasket or O-ring) 15...Air supply passage (first supply passage) 16 (16a, 16b)...water supply flow path (second supply flow path) 17...Mixing section (mixing chamber or confluence) 18,19...Occluded flow path 18b...Planar channel 37...Temperature sensor (thermocouple) 38…Cable 41…Bill 42...Roll 49…Nozzle row 50...Area (Nozzle District)

Claims

1. A nozzle clogging detection device comprising: a power generation module; and a sensor capable of being driven by power generated by the power generation module and capable of detecting clogging of a nozzle and / or a pipe to which the nozzle is attached.

2. A nozzle clogging detection device for detecting clogging of a nozzle that ejects or sprays a fluid that is lower in temperature than an ambient temperature around the nozzle, comprising:

2. The nozzle clogging detection device according to claim 1, wherein the power generation module is a thermoelectric power generation module having a heat receiving portion formed on one surface and a heat dissipation portion formed on the other surface, and the heat dissipation portion of the thermoelectric power generation module is arranged facing the flow path of the fluid before it is sprayed or sprayed.

3. 3. The nozzle clogging detector according to claim 2, wherein the atmospheric temperature is 80° C. or higher.

4. 4. The nozzle clogging detection device according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle is a nozzle used in an iron-making process.

5. 4. The nozzle clogging detector according to claim 1, further comprising a protective case capable of housing and protecting at least the power generation module therein.

6. 6. The nozzle clogging detection device according to claim 5, further comprising a wireless communication device capable of transmitting information or signals obtained by said sensor, said wireless communication device being housed in said protective case, and said protective case including at least a resin portion formed of resin.

7. 6. The nozzle clogging detector according to claim 5, further comprising a heat transfer member attached to an inner wall of the protective case, the heat receiving portion of the thermoelectric power generation module being disposed opposite to the heat transfer member.

8. 7. The nozzle clogging detection device according to claim 6, further comprising a plate-shaped heat transfer member attached to an inner wall of the protective case and to a partial area of ​​the resin portion, and a heat receiving portion of the thermoelectric power generation module is disposed opposite the heat transfer member at a predetermined distance.

9. 4. The nozzle clogging detector according to claim 2, wherein the fluid flow path includes at least a planar flow path extending in a plane, and a heat dissipating portion of the thermoelectric generation module is disposed opposite the planar flow path.

10. 10. The nozzle clogging detection device according to claim 9, wherein the fluid flow path includes a supply flow path for supplying the fluid toward the nozzle tip, and a closed flow path branched off from the supply flow path and closed midway, and the closed flow path includes the planar flow path.

11. A nozzle equipped with the nozzle clogging detection device according to claim 1 or 2.

12. A method for detecting clogging of a nozzle and / or a pipe to which the nozzle is attached, using the nozzle clogging detection device according to claim 1 or 2.

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