Testing device and method for quantitative evaluation which realize composite environment of stresses, frictions, and corrosion

Abstract

SOLUTION: To provide a testing device and a method for a quantitative evaluation which realize a composite environment of stresses, frictions, and corrosion, the device and the method belonging to the field of analyzing invalidation (breakage) of a material and including a bias mechanism for applying stress to a test sample, a corrosion mechanism for running an electrochemical corrosion test on a test sample, and a friction mechanism of applying frictions on a test sample.EFFECT: The testing device for running composite actions of stresses, frictions, and corrosion of the present invention can establish a composite action test process of frictions, stresses, and corrosion, can research use behaviors of each type of metal material and a metal group composite material under an environment more similar to an actual usage condition, acquires important behavior data under composite actions for various different reasons, quantitatively analyze mutual actions of frictions, corrosion, and frictions, mutual actions of stress and frictions, and mutual actions of stresses and corrosion, clarify a damage mechanism of an important environmental factor and a material under composite actions of frictions, stress, and corrosion, and provide a foundation to construct a method for evaluating a use behavior of the material.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Cross - reference to related applications

[0001] This patent application claims the benefit and priority of Chinese Patent Application No. 2023116810807, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on December 8, 2023, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety into this specification as part of this application.

Technical Field

[0002] The present invention belongs to the field of failure (damage) analysis of materials. Specifically, it relates to a test device and a quantitative evaluation method for realizing a composite environment of stress - wear - corrosion, which can not only realize the test of the damage behavior of metal materials under the composite environment of stress, wear and corrosion, but also quantitatively analyze the roles of various environmental factors on the damage of metal materials.

Background Art

[0003] When marine engineering equipment is used in a seawater environment, its main moving parts (such as the buoyancy adjustment system of a deep - sea submersible, the seawater hydraulic transmission system, the propeller shaft of a submarine and its sliding support bearings, underwater operation manipulators, etc.) are not only exposed to corrosion problems caused by the seawater environment, but also affected by wear loads and static tensile loads, resulting in multi - factor composite damage due to the interaction of stress, corrosion and wear. Currently, research on the performance of metal materials for marine engineering equipment focuses only on single or two - environmental interaction mechanisms such as wear, corrosion, fatigue, stress corrosion cracking, and corrosion wear. There is a lack of test devices and evaluation means for the behavior of metal materials under the multi - factor composite environment of stress, wear and corrosion.

[0004] In Chinese Patent Publication No. CN103926146A (Patent Document 1), a method and apparatus for evaluating stress corrosion of small test samples under a constant load are disclosed. Using this evaluation method and apparatus, the stress corrosion cracking resistance characteristics of thin-walled tubes and small parts that cannot be processed into standard test samples can be measured, and the applicability of the part materials can be obtained based on the test results, enabling material selection and applicability evaluation of thin-walled tubes and small parts. In Chinese Patent Publication No. CN107478528A (Patent Document 2), a test method applicable to corrosion wear is disclosed. For a dynamic corrosion wear life test mainly with working conditions of wear and corrosion, a test method simulating the usage conditions of corrosion wear is proposed, which can be used for measuring electrochemical corrosion wear in dynamic corrosion wear and effectively explains the quantitative study of corrosion during the wear process. From the above, there are currently many test means for evaluating the performance of materials under the interaction of single or two environmental factors, including wear tests, corrosion tests, fatigue tests, stress corrosion C-ring tests or low-speed tensile tests, corrosion wear tests, etc. Some evaluation means already have published patents or national standards.

[0005] In recent years, in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN110940605A (Patent Document 3), a test apparatus for verifying the combined action of wear, stress, and corrosion of a heat transfer tube and a method for evaluating the usage behavior of the heat transfer tube are disclosed. A test process due to the combined action of wear, stress, and corrosion can be established, the usage behavior of the heat transfer tube can be studied in an environment closer to actual usage conditions, important behavior data under the combined action of multiple factors can be obtained, the failure (breakage) mechanism of the heat transfer tube under the combined action of wear, stress, and corrosion can be clarified, and a basis is provided for constructing a method for evaluating the usage behavior of the heat transfer tube. However, with this test apparatus and evaluation means, parameters related to the evaluation of wear resistance and corrosion resistance, such as the friction coefficient, current, and potential, cannot be monitored synchronously, and important environmental factors in a multi-factor composite environment cannot be quantitatively measured. Therefore, there is a need for an invention of a test apparatus for realizing a composite environment of stress, wear, and corrosion and a method for quantitatively evaluating environmental factors.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the existing technologies, the present invention provides a test apparatus and a quantitative evaluation method for realizing a composite environment of stress, wear, and corrosion.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions. A test apparatus for realizing a composite environment of stress, wear, and corrosion, comprising a biasing mechanism for applying stress to a test sample, a corrosion mechanism for performing an electrochemical corrosion test on the test sample, and a wear mechanism for applying wear to the test sample. The biasing mechanism applies stress to the test sample by the deformation of a spring. The corrosion mechanism includes a corrosion chamber. The upper part of the corrosion chamber is an opening. First, it is for facilitating the addition of an electrolytic solution from the opening, and the corrosion environment can be changed by blending the Cl? concentration and pH value in the electrolytic solution. Second, it is for facilitating the reciprocating motion of the friction parts of the wear mechanism. The wear mechanism applies wear to the test sample by a friction and wear tester, and different wear loads and wear frequencies can be applied by the friction and wear tester. The material can be any metal material or metal matrix composite material.

[0009] Preferably, the biasing mechanism includes a support frame, a screw, a biasing bolt, a biasing nut, and a rectangular compression spring. Preliminary grooves are respectively provided at the ends of the screw connected to the test sample and at the ends of the biasing bolt connected to the test sample. There are pre-set circular holes at both ends of the test sample. Both ends of the test sample are respectively inserted into the preliminary grooves of the screw and the preliminary grooves of the biasing bolt and are connected by pins. The rectangular compression spring is arranged between the support frame and the biasing nut. Rectangular compression springs with different specifications are selected according to biasing with different stresses, and the rectangular compression spring is deformed by tightening the biasing nut. The deformation amount can be measured based on the displacement distance of the biasing nut, and the load stress value can be obtained according to Hooke's law.

[0010] Preferably, in order to prevent the test sample from twisting during the biasing process, the outer shapes of the biasing bolt and the biasing nut are processed into hexagons. The support frame is provided with hexagonal holes. When installing, the screw and the biasing bolt pass through the hexagonal holes to realize the fixed connection of both ends of the test sample to the ends of the screw and the biasing bolt.

[0011] Preferably, during the chemical corrosion test, the surface of the test sample other than the surface to be tested is subjected to insulation treatment and sealed with a rubber stopper. Through holes are provided on both sides of the corrosion chamber, and rubber stoppers are arranged in the through holes. The inside of the rubber stopper is cut into a cuboid, which is convenient for both ends of the test sample to pass through the rubber stopper. The edge between the test sample and the rubber stopper is sealed with a sealing agent. Preliminary holes for inserting a reference electrode and a counter electrode are provided on the side wall of the corrosion chamber. The present invention is realized by a three-electrode system. The three electrodes include a working electrode (the test sample itself), a reference electrode, and a counter electrode (auxiliary electrode). Preferably, spacers with appropriate heights are provided at the bottom of the corrosion chamber to ensure the implementation of the wear process, thereby reducing the wear load received at both ends of the corrosion chamber. The spacers are made of non-conductive materials, preferably plastics.

[0012] More preferably, the friction and wear testing machine includes a grinding ball and a clamping mechanism. The grinding ball and the clamping mechanism include a grinding ball, a spring collet (ER collet), and a sleeve. The grinding ball is attached to the spring collet, and the fixing of the grinding ball is realized by tightening the sleeve. The grinding ball contacts the test sample and reciprocates left and right by a servo motor to realize the wear of the test sample.

[0013] More preferably, in order to easily complete the setup of the control experiment, the number of test devices is plural, preferably three.

[0014] More preferably, the working process is as follows. Wrap both ends of the processed test sample with insulating tape for insulation, and then install it in the corrosion chamber. Place a spacer under the test sample before installation, and seal both ends with a rubber stopper to avoid electrolyte leakage. Insert the reference electrode and the counter electrode into the preliminary holes on the side wall of the corrosion chamber. Next, fix the screws and the biasing bolts to the support frame, insert both ends of the test sample into the preliminary grooves of the screws and the preliminary grooves of the biasing bolts respectively, fix the rectangular compression spring and the biasing nut to the biasing bolt in sequence, install a cylindrical pin, insert the pin into the pre-set circular holes of the screw and the test sample, and the diameter of the circular hole is the same as the diameter of the cylindrical part of the pin. The working principles of the three sets of test devices are all the same. The purpose of setting three sets is to conduct a control experiment, and the control experiment can be carried out sequentially. The reference electrode and the counter electrode are sequentially installed in the corrosion chambers of the three sets of test devices. Inject the mixed corrosion liquid into the corrosion chamber, set the wear load and wear frequency with the wear testing machine, move the grinding ball (spherical Si3N4 ceramic ball) downward by the wear testing machine to contact the test sample, apply a downward load, and perform relative reciprocating sliding between the grinding ball and the test sample to realize wear. Thereby, the test sample is subjected to the stress action by the biasing bolt, the corrosion action by the environmental medium in the corrosion chamber, and the wear action by the reciprocating sliding of the grinding ball, including the occurrence of damage under the combined action of stress, wear, and corrosion.

[0015] A method for quantitatively evaluating a test apparatus for realizing the above composite environment of stress, wear, and corrosion, wherein the evaluation method supplements the influence of stress on wear and corrosion based on the corrosion wear model (ASTM G119·09) in the composite action test of stress, wear, and corrosion constructed by the test apparatus of the present invention, and quantifies the roles played by six important environmental factors in the composite environment, namely wear, corrosion, corrosion against wear, wear against corrosion, stress against corrosion, and stress against wear, and includes the following.

[0016] (1) Using the corrosion wear model (ASTM G119·09), the total loss rate T of the material during corrosion wear W+C , the wear rate W0 without corrosion, the corrosion rate C0 without wear, and the influence ΔW of corrosion on the wear rate C , and the influence ΔC of wear on the corrosion rate W are calculated, (2) The total loss rate T of the material under the combined action of stress, wear, and corrosion S+W+C , the influence ΔT of stress on wear corrosion S , the influence ΔC of stress on corrosion S , and the influence ΔW of stress on wear S are calculated.

[0017] Preferably, in step (1), the interaction between wear and corrosion uses the following formula.

[0018]

Equation

[0019]

Equation

[0020] In the formula, V W+C is the surface wear volume (mm 3) where V0 is the surface wear volume during pure wear (mm 3 ) where A is the exposed area of the test sample in the corrosion solution (mm 2 ) where t is the composite action time (h), and K1 is the constant 3.27×10 -3 mm·g·(μA·cm·yr) -1 where i C is the corrosion current during corrosion only (μA·cm 2 ), and i W+C is the corrosion current during corrosion wear (μA·cm 2 ), EW is the equivalent mass of the test sample, and ρ is the density of the test sample (g·cm -3 ). If ΔC W > 0, it indicates that wear has an accelerating effect on corrosion. If ΔC W < 0, it indicates that wear has an inhibitory effect on corrosion. If ΔW C > 0, it indicates that corrosion has an accelerating effect on wear. If ΔW C < 0, it indicates that corrosion has an inhibitory effect on wear.

[0021] Preferably, in step (2), the interaction of wear and corrosion uses the following formula.

[0022]

Number

[0023] In the formula,

[0024]

Number

[0025] The influence ΔT of stress on corrosion wear S is further divided into the influence ΔC of stress on corrosion S and the influence ΔW of stress on wear S , and

[0026]

Number

[0027] Wherein, V S+W+C is the surface wear volume (mm 3 ) under the combined action of stress, corrosion and wear, and i S+W+C is the corrosion current (μA·cm 2 ) under the combined action of stress, corrosion and wear, and ΔC S > 0 indicates that the stress has an accelerating effect on corrosion, and ΔC S < 0 indicates that the stress has an inhibitory effect on corrosion, and ΔW S > 0 indicates that the stress has an accelerating effect on wear, and ΔW S < 0 indicates that the stress has an inhibitory effect on wear.

[0028] For the parts of the present invention that are not detailed, reference can be made to existing technologies.

Advantages of the Invention

[0029] The beneficial effects of the invention are The wear, stress, and corrosion combined action test device of the present invention can establish a wear, stress, and corrosion combined action test process, study the usage behavior of various metal materials and metal matrix composite materials in an environment closer to actual usage conditions, obtain important behavior data under the combined action of multiple factors, quantitatively analyze the interactions of wear, corrosion, wear-corrosion, stress-wear, and stress-corrosion, clarify the important environmental factors and material damage mechanisms under the combined action of wear, stress, and corrosion, and provide a basis for constructing a method for evaluating the usage behavior of materials.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0030] The drawings forming a part of this specification are for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are for explaining the present invention and do not unduly limit the present invention.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3A

Figure 3B

Figure 4A

Figure 4B

Figure 4C

Figure 5

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0031] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the implementation of this specification. However, if the present invention is not described in detail, it shall follow the conventional techniques in this field.

[0032] Example 1 A test apparatus for realizing a composite environment of stress, wear, and corrosion. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 2, it includes a biasing mechanism for applying stress to a test sample, a corrosion mechanism for performing an electrochemical corrosion test on the test sample, and a wear mechanism for applying wear to the test sample. The biasing mechanism applies stress to the test sample by deforming a spring. The corrosion mechanism includes a corrosion chamber 4. The upper part of the corrosion chamber 4 is an opening. First, it is for facilitating the addition of an electrolyte from the opening, and the corrosion environment can be changed by adjusting the Cl⁻ concentration and pH value in the electrolyte. Second, it is for facilitating the reciprocating movement of the friction parts of the wear mechanism. The wear mechanism applies wear to the test sample by a friction and wear tester, and different wear loads and wear frequencies can be applied by the friction and wear tester. The material may be any metal material or metal matrix composite material.

[0033] The biasing mechanism includes a support frame 1, a screw 2, a biasing bolt 10, a biasing nut 9, and a rectangular compression spring 8. At the end of the screw 2 connected to the test sample 13 and the end of the biasing bolt 10 connected to the test sample 13, preliminary grooves are respectively provided. There are pre-set circular holes at both ends of the test sample. Both ends of the test sample are respectively inserted into the preliminary grooves of the screw 2 and the preliminary grooves of the biasing bolt 10 and are connected by pins 3. The rectangular compression spring 8 is arranged between the support frame 1 and the biasing nut 9. Different rectangular compression springs with different specifications are selected according to the biasing of different stresses, and the rectangular compression spring 8 is deformed by tightening the biasing nut 9. The deformation amount can be measured based on the displacement distance of the biasing nut, and the load stress value can be obtained according to Hooke's law.

[0034] To prevent the test sample from twisting during the biasing process, the outer shapes of the biasing bolt and the biasing nut are processed into hexagons. The support frame 1 is provided with hexagonal holes. When installing, the screw 2 and the biasing bolt 10 pass through the hexagonal holes to realize the fixed connection of both ends of the test sample to the ends of the screw 2 and the biasing bolt 10.

[0035] During the chemical corrosion test, the surface of the test sample other than the surface to be tested is insulated, sealed with a rubber stopper 11, through holes are provided on both sides of the corrosion chamber 4, rubber stoppers 11 are arranged in the through holes, the inside of the rubber stopper 11 is cut into a rectangular parallelepiped for the convenience of both ends of the test sample passing through the rubber stopper, and the edges of the test sample and the rubber stopper are sealed with a sealing agent. On the side wall of the corrosion chamber 4, preliminary holes for inserting the reference electrode 4 and the counter electrode 7 are provided. The present invention is realized by a three - electrode system. The three electrodes include a working electrode (the test sample itself), a reference electrode, and a counter electrode (auxiliary electrode). At the bottom of the corrosion chamber 4, a spacer 12 with an appropriate height is provided to ensure the implementation of the wear process, thereby reducing the wear load received at both ends of the corrosion chamber. The spacer 12 is made of a non - conductive material, preferably plastic.

[0036] More preferably, the friction and wear testing machine includes a grinding ball and a clamping mechanism 6. The grinding ball and the clamping mechanism include a grinding ball, a spring collet (ER collet), and a sleeve. The grinding ball is attached to the spring collet, and the fixation of the grinding ball is realized by tightening the sleeve. The grinding ball contacts the test sample and reciprocates left and right by a servo - motor to realize the wear of the test sample.

[0037] More preferably, in order to easily complete the setup of the control experiment, the number of test devices is plural, preferably three.

[0038] More preferably, the working process is as follows. Wrap both ends of the processed test sample 13 with insulating tape for insulation, then install it in the corrosion chamber 4. Place the spacer 12 under the test sample before installation, and seal both ends with the rubber stopper 11 to avoid electrolyte leakage. Insert the reference electrode 5 and the counter electrode 7 into the preliminary holes on the side wall of the corrosion chamber 4. Next, fix the screw 2 and the biasing bolt 10 to the support frame 1, insert both ends of the test sample into the preliminary grooves of the screw and the preliminary grooves of the biasing bolt respectively, fix the rectangular compression spring 8 and the biasing nut 9 to the biasing bolt 10 in sequence, install a cylindrical pin, insert the pin 3 into the pre-set circular hole of the screw and the test sample, and the diameter of the circular hole is the same as the diameter of the cylinder of the pin.

[0039] The working principles of the three sets of test devices are all the same. The purpose of setting three sets is to conduct a control experiment. The control experiment can be carried out sequentially. The reference electrode and the counter electrode are sequentially installed in the corrosion chambers of the three sets of test devices. Inject the formulated corrosion liquid into the corrosion chamber, set the wear load and wear frequency with a wear testing machine, move the grinding ball (spherical Si3N4 ceramic ball) downward by the wear testing machine to contact the test sample, apply a downward load, and perform relative reciprocating sliding between the grinding ball and the test sample to achieve wear. Thereby, the test sample is subjected to the stress action by the biasing bolt, the corrosion action by the environmental medium in the corrosion chamber, and the wear action by the reciprocating sliding of the grinding ball, and damage occurs under the combined action of stress, wear and corrosion.

[0040] Example 2 A quantitative evaluation method for a test device for realizing a complex environment of stress, wear and corrosion. This example is a test device and test method for the failure (breakage) behavior of a titanium-based composite material (laser additive manufactured Ti6Al4V + 2BN) under the combined action of multiple factors (stress, wear and corrosion). The test device includes a biasing mechanism for applying stress to the test sample, a corrosion mechanism for performing an electrochemical corrosion test on the test sample, and a wear mechanism for applying wear to the test sample.

[0041] In this embodiment, a constant load of 300 MPa is applied to a titanium alloy test sample for 20 days, the wear load is 30 N, the wear frequency is 1 Hz, the sliding distance is 4 mm, and the corrosion environment is 3.5 wt.% NaCl. The exposed area of the test sample is 6 mm 2 , the test time is 0.5 hours, and the temperature is room temperature. Assemble the test apparatus according to Example 1.

[0042] During the test process, using an electrochemical workstation, record the corrosion current i C , i W+C , i S+W+C under corrosion, wear-corrosion composite, and stress-wear-corrosion composite actions. The potentiodynamic polarization curve is shown in Figure 3A, the corrosion current density is shown in Figure 3B. After the test, take out the test sample from the corrosion environment and analyze the surface wear volume V0, V W+C , V S+W+C using a three-dimensional profilometer (see Figures 4A, 4B, 4C, and 5). i C , i W+C , i S+W+C , V0, V W+C , V S+W+C , K1 (3.27×10 -3 mm·g·(μA·cm·yr) -1 ), EW (11.98), ρ (4.89 g·cm -3 ) are respectively substituted into the following formulas to quantitatively analyze the wear rate W0, corrosion rate C0, the influence of corrosion on the wear rate ΔW C , the influence of wear on the corrosion rate ΔC W , the influence of stress on the corrosion rate ΔC S , and the influence of stress on the wear rate ΔW S .

[0043]

Number

[0044] From the above results, it is shown that wear has an accelerating effect on corrosion, corrosion has an accelerating effect on wear, stress has an accelerating effect on corrosion, and stress has an inhibitory effect on wear.

[0045] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made on the premise of not departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Explanation of Reference Signs

[0046] 1 Support frame 2 Screw 3 Pin 4 Corrosion chamber 5 Reference electrode 6 Grinding ball and clamping mechanism 7 Counter electrode 8 Rectangular compression spring 9 Biasing nut, 10 Biasing bolt 11 Rubber stopper 12 Spacer 13 Test sample

Claims

1. a biasing mechanism for applying a stress to the test sample; a corrosion mechanism for performing an electrochemical corrosion test on a test sample; an abrasion mechanism for applying abrasion to the test sample; Including, The biasing mechanism applies stress to the test sample by deformation of a spring. The corrosion mechanism includes a corrosion chamber, and an upper portion of the corrosion chamber is an opening for adding an electrolyte through the opening and for reciprocating a friction part included in the wear mechanism; The wear mechanism is a test device that realizes a combined environment of stress, wear, and corrosion, characterized in that a test sample is subjected to wear using a friction and wear tester.

2. The biasing mechanism includes a support frame, a screw, a biasing bolt, a biasing nut, and a rectangular compression spring; The end of the screw connected to the test sample and the end of the actuating bolt connected to the test sample are provided with a preliminary groove, and both ends of the test sample have a reserved circular hole, and both ends of the test sample are inserted into the preliminary groove of the screw and the preliminary groove of the actuating bolt respectively, and are connected by a pin; The test device for achieving a combined environment of stress, wear, and corrosion as described in claim 1, characterized in that the rectangular compression spring is disposed between the support frame and the spring nut, rectangular compression springs with different specifications are selected according to the application of different stresses, and the rectangular compression springs are deformed by tightening the spring nut.

3. The support frame is provided with a hexagonal hole, and the outer shape of the bolt and the outer shape of the biasing nut are both machined to be hexagonal; The test device for realizing a combined stress, wear and corrosion environment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, during installation, the screw and the energizing bolt pass through a hexagonal hole to realize a fixed connection between both ends of the test sample and the ends of the screw and the energizing bolt.

4. During the chemical corrosion test, the surfaces of the test sample other than the surface to be tested are insulated and sealed with rubber plugs. Through holes are provided on both sides of the corrosion chamber, rubber plugs are placed in the through holes, and both ends of the test sample pass through the rubber plugs. The edges of the test sample and the rubber plugs are sealed with a sealant. A side wall of the corrosion chamber is provided with a preliminary hole into which a reference electrode and a counter electrode are inserted, and a spacer is provided at the bottom of the corrosion chamber to reduce the wear load applied to both ends of the corrosion chamber; 4. The test device for realizing a combined environment of stress, wear and corrosion according to claim 3, wherein the spacer is made of a non-conductive material and is made of plastic.

5. The friction and wear testing machine includes a grinding ball and a clamping mechanism, the grinding ball and the clamping mechanism includes a grinding ball, a spring collet and a sleeve, the grinding ball is mounted in the spring collet, and the sleeve is tightened to fix the grinding ball, and the grinding ball contacts the test sample and is reciprocated left and right by a servo motor to realize the wear of the test sample. The test device for achieving a combined stress, wear and corrosion environment as described in claim 4.

6. The test device for realizing a combined environment of stress, wear and corrosion as claimed in claim 5, wherein the number of test devices is more than one, and is three, so as to complete the setup of a control experiment.

7. The work process is as follows: Both ends of the processed test sample are wrapped with insulating tape to insulate it, and then installed in the corrosion chamber. Before installation, a spacer is placed under the test sample, and both ends are sealed with rubber plugs to avoid electrolyte leakage. The reference electrode and the counter electrode are inserted into the preliminary holes on the side walls of the corrosion chamber. Then, the screw and the biasing bolt are fixed to the support frame, and both ends of the test sample are respectively inserted into the preliminary grooves of the screw and the preliminary grooves of the biasing bolt. The rectangular compression spring and the biasing nut are sequentially fixed to the biasing bolt. The pin is installed, and the pin is inserted into the circular hole of the screw and the test sample, and the diameter of the circular hole is consistent with the diameter of the cylindrical part of the pin. The three sets of test equipment all have the same operating principle, and the purpose of setting up the three sets is to conduct control experiments. The test device for realizing a complex environment of stress, wear and corrosion as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that control experiments are carried out sequentially, the reference electrode and the counter electrode are sequentially installed in the corrosion chambers of the three sets of test devices, the formulated corrosion solution is injected into the corrosion chambers, the wear load and wear frequency are set by the wear tester, the grinding ball is moved downward by the wear tester to contact the test sample, a downward load is applied, and a relative reciprocating sliding is performed between the grinding ball and the test sample to realize wear, so that the test sample is subjected to the stress action of the energizing bolt, the corrosion action of the environmental medium in the corrosion chamber, and the wear action caused by the reciprocating sliding of the grinding ball, and damage occurs under the complex action of stress, wear and corrosion.

8. Using the corrosive wear model, the total loss rate of material during corrosive wear T Ｗ＋Ｃ , corrosion-free wear rate W ０ , wear-free corrosion rate C ０ , the effect of corrosion on wear rate ΔW Ｃ , the effect of wear on corrosion rate ΔC Ｗ Step (1) of calculating Total loss rate of material under the combined action of stress, wear and corrosion T Ｓ＋Ｗ＋Ｃ , the effect of stress on wear and corrosion ΔT Ｓ , the effect of stress on corrosion ΔC Ｓ , the effect of stress on wear ΔW Ｓ Step (2) of calculating 8. The method for quantitatively evaluating a test device that realizes a complex environment of stress, wear, and corrosion according to claim 7, further comprising:

9. In step (1), the wear-corrosion interaction is expressed by the following formula: [0010] [0025] 【number】 【number】 【number】 【number】 In the formula, V Ｗ＋Ｃ is the surface wear volume during corrosive wear (mm ３ ) and V ０ is the surface wear volume during pure wear (mm ３ ), and A is the exposed area (mm ２ ), t is the composite action time (h), K １ is a constant 3.27 x 10 －３ mm・g・(μA・cm・yr) －１ and i Ｃ is the corrosion current only during corrosion (μA cm ２ ) and i Ｗ＋Ｃ is the corrosion current during corrosive wear (μA cm ２ ), EW is the equivalent mass of the test sample, and ρ is the density of the test sample (g cm －３ ) and ΔC Ｗ If it is >0, it indicates that wear has an accelerating effect on corrosion, and ΔC Ｗ If ΔW < 0, it indicates that wear has an inhibitory effect on corrosion, and Ｃ If ΔW is >0, it indicates that corrosion has an accelerating effect on wear. Ｃ 9. The method for quantitatively evaluating a test apparatus that realizes a combined environment of stress, wear, and corrosion according to claim 8, characterized in that if R<0, it indicates that corrosion has an inhibitory effect on wear.

10. In step (2), the wear-corrosion interaction is calculated using the following formula: [0030] During the ceremony, [0045] 【number】 【number】 Effect of stress on corrosion wear ΔT Ｓ is the effect of stress on corrosion, ΔC Ｓ、 and the effect of stress on wear ΔW Ｓ It is divided into [0050] 【number】 In the formula, V Ｓ＋Ｗ＋Ｃ is the surface wear volume (mm ３ ) and i Ｓ＋Ｗ＋Ｃ is the corrosion current (μA cm) under the combined action of stress, corrosion, and wear ２ ) and ΔC Ｓ If ΔC is >0, it indicates that stress has an accelerating effect on corrosion. Ｓ If ΔW < 0, it indicates that stress has an inhibitory effect on corrosion, and Ｓ If it is >0, it indicates that the stress has an accelerating effect on wear, and ΔW Ｓ The method for quantitatively evaluating a test apparatus realizing a combined environment of stress, wear, and corrosion according to claim 9, wherein if the stress is less than 0, it indicates that the stress has an inhibitory effect on wear.

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