The invention discloses a coal-water abrasion and corrosion resistant steel plate for a railway coal transport vehicle and a manufacturing method thereof. The coal-water abrasion and corrosion resistant steel plate comprises the chemical components of, by weight, 0.01-0.15% of C, 0.10-0.50% of Si, 0.20-1.0% of Mn, 0.020% or less of P, 0.010% or less of S, 0.20-0.60% of Cu, 0.50-1.5% of Ni, 0.20-2.0% of Cr, 0.030-0.10% of Sb, 0-0.25% of Mo, 0-0.05% of Nb, 0-0.05% of V, 0-0.10% of Ti, 0-0.005% of B and the balance Fe and impurities, wherein C, Cr and Ni need to meet the relation of 1.6%<=12C+Cr / Ni<=2.8%. The steel plate is manufactured through the ten steps of blast-furnace iron melting, molten iron pre-desulfuration, converter smelting, LF+RH refining, plate blank continuous casting, cast blank slow cooling, plate blank heating, hot continuous rolling, laminar flow cooling and reeling, the yield strength of the steel plate is 450 MPa grade, the steel plate is excellent in mechanical performance, the service life of the steel plate under the coal-water abrasion and corrosion environment can be greatly prolonged, and the obvious competition advantage in the railway coal transport vehicle carriage manufacturing industry is achieved.