Fish guiding device for pump and pump station for axial flow pump / tubular pump

Abstract

A fish guiding device for a pump, and a pump station. The fish guiding device for a pump comprises an axial flow pump blade (11) located in a runner chamber (15), wherein a fish guiding ring (2) mounted on a wall surface of the runner chamber (15) is provided at an inlet of the axial flow pump blade (11), and a fish guiding cap (3) is mounted on a hub (13) of the axial flow pump blade (11); a number of jet flow holes (23) are provided in the fish guiding ring (2), and are configured to guide fishes to the fish guiding cap (3) by forming a jet flow; and a number of fish guiding grooves (31) are provided in the surface of the fish guiding cap (3). The fish guiding device for a pump can enable fishes to enter a flow channel of an axial flow pump, such that the survival rate of the fishes is increased, and the fishes can smoothly flow through the axial flow pump.

Description

A pump fish guide device and an axial flow pump / tubular flow pump pump station Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fluid machinery, and in particular to a fish guide device for a pump and a pump station of an axial flow pump / tubular pump. Background Art

[0002] Axial flow pumps are characterized by large flow, low head, high efficiency, small size, and low construction cost. They are widely used in pump station construction projects such as water diversion projects, flood control and drainage, and agricultural irrigation in my country. However, as the core power "heart" of large pump station groups, axial flow pumps have a high rotational speed, which will cause high impact damage to organisms passing through. Their high-speed rotating impeller blades cut through the pumped organisms like blades, which can easily cause large-scale deaths of organisms (such as fish and shrimp) passing through rivers, streams, and lakes, hindering their migration and migration. Since 2005, the Netherlands has monitored fish damage and deaths in more than 20 pump stations and found that more than 60% of fish died after passing through axial flow pump stations, and this proportion is much higher than that of mixed flow pumps and centrifugal pumps. Therefore, improving the safety of fish passing through the pump is an ecological problem that needs to be urgently addressed by axial flow pump stations, and it is also the development direction under my country's ecological water conservancy strategy.

[0003] Patented technology, publication number ZL201510007615.1, proposes an eco-friendly axial-flow pump structure that can pass through fish. This structure primarily optimizes the shape of the axial-flow pump's blades, reducing the probability of blade impacts with fish and lowering fish mortality rates following such impacts. This solution does not address the source of impact, but rather optimizes the mortality rate of fish impacts with the leading edge of the blades. Patented invention ZL201610586021.5 proposes a fish-friendly, hollow-shaft axial-flow pump. This device eliminates the rotating shaft of a traditional axial-flow pump and creates a channel at the center of the entire device. The rotation of the axial-flow impeller is driven by a pulley outside the rim. To ensure that fish pass through the central, bladeless channel, the invention incorporates a conical-shaped screen installed in front of the impeller. When the axial-flow pump is operating, fish, driven by the liquid, are attracted by the conical screen, which acts as a convergence force, forcing them to pass through the hollow-shaft area between the impeller and guide vanes, thus protecting the lives of fish and other marine life. However, compared with traditional axial flow pumps, this device has a more complex structure and high construction costs. The transmission efficiency highly affects the overall operating efficiency and stability of the pump system. The leakage increases the flow resistance and reduces the hydraulic performance. The mesh size of the leakage also determines that smaller fish cannot be protected. Invention patent 201811520413.7 proposes a radial fish pump impeller and a radial fish pump. The invention increases the flow cross-sectional area at the turning point of the centrifugal pump impeller by increasing the transition arc radius of the front cover plate and the rear cover plate of the impeller, thereby improving the passing capacity of fish and shrimp. The core idea of ​​the invention is to provide a more "wide" flow channel area to prevent fish and shrimp from being blocked in the flow channel. It is more suitable for non-clogging pump related fields. In addition, no prevention and improvement are made in the key impeller parts that cause fish damage and death, and the protective effect on fish is limited. Invention patent ZL201310648007.X proposes a channel-type fish suction pump. This invention utilizes a channel-type impeller to ensure low damage to fish at low rotational speeds, making it widely applicable for the non-damaging transport of soft solids of a certain size. Furthermore, the axially adjustable connection between the bearing housing and the bracket ensures assembly requires clearance control and minimizes the impact of gap leakage on efficiency. However, this channel pump, intended for non-clogging applications, is primarily used for transporting media containing solid particles. Its low flow rate, low efficiency, and poor stability make it difficult to use in large-scale water conservancy projects.For example, invention patents ZL201210385110.5, a combined jet fish suction pump, ZL201310630367.7, a siphon fish suction pump and its working method, ZL202010019665.2, a vacuum fish suction machine, ZL201510477972.4, a live fish conveying pump and its control method, and ZL201610913329.6, a vacuum fish suction pump floating on the water surface, all use volume changes or negative pressure to transport fish-containing media. The power devices involved do not contain blades, or the flow channels through which fish pass do not contain blades. They are fluid machinery specially used to transport fish and cannot be used in large-scale water conservancy hubs.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a fish guide device for a pump and a pump station for an axial flow pump / cross-flow pump. A plurality of jet holes are provided on the fish guide ring, and jets are formed to guide fish to the fish guide cap. A plurality of fish guide grooves are provided on the surface of the fish guide cap to allow fish to enter the flow channel of the axial flow pump. The device can be installed and used during the abundant fishing season to improve the survival rate of fish, and the fish guide ring can be disassembled during the dry fishing season to ensure hydraulic performance.

[0006] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0007] A fish guide device for a pump, wherein an axial flow pump blade is located in a runner chamber, a fish guide ring installed on the wall of the runner chamber is provided at the inlet of the axial flow pump blade, and a fish guide cap is installed on the hub of the axial flow pump blade; the fish guide ring is provided with a plurality of jet holes, which form jets to guide fish to the fish guide cap; the surface of the fish guide cap is provided with a plurality of fish guide grooves, which are used to allow fish to enter the flow channel of the axial flow pump, thereby improving the survival rate of fish and allowing fish to pass through the axial flow pump smoothly.

[0008] Furthermore, the fish guide ring includes a water-facing surface and a water-repellent surface, one end of the water-facing surface is tangent to the wall of the runner chamber; the other end of the water-facing surface intersects with the water-repellent surface; a number of jet holes that gradually shrink along the flow direction are provided between the water-facing surface and the water-repellent surface, so that fish close to the rim side are guided by the jet, and the closer the fish is to the rim, the greater the guiding force of the jet is.

[0009] Furthermore, the cross-sectional profile of the back water surface is a straight line, which is used to uniformly increase the flow cross-sectional area at the back water surface along the liquid flow direction, thereby ensuring stable liquid flow and low loss.

[0010] Furthermore, the included angle β1 formed by the cross-sectional profile of the back water surface and the runner chamber profile is in the range of 3°-5°.

[0011] Furthermore, the cross-sectional profile of the water-facing surface is a smooth curve, which is used to guide the fish smoothly. The fish on the rim side are guided by the smooth curved surface, so that no fish are lost.

[0012] Furthermore, the included angle β2 formed between the tangent line of the water-facing surface cross-sectional curve on the inner side and the rotation axis is an acute angle.

[0013] Furthermore, the other end of the water-facing surface intersects with the water-retaining surface to form an intersection line K, and the intersection line K forms an arc transition; the radius of the intersection line K is R2, the radius of the runner chamber is R1, and R2 / R1≥0.9.

[0014] Furthermore, the jet hole axis is a curve, the inlet endpoint tangent of the curve intersecting the water surface is parallel to the wall of the runner chamber; the outlet endpoint tangent of the curve intersecting the water surface forms an angle β3 with the rotation axis, and β3<β2.

[0015] Furthermore, the cross-sectional diameter of the jet hole on the water-facing surface is d1, the cross-sectional diameter of the jet hole on the water-receiving surface is d2, and the value range of d1 / d2 is: 2≤d1 / d2≤4.

[0016] Furthermore, the cross-sectional diameter d1 of the jet hole on the water-facing surface meets the following requirement: 0.5(R1-R2)≤d1≤0.8(R1-R2).

[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of jet holes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the fish guide ring, and the number of the jet holes is 18 to 54.

[0018] Furthermore, a positioning ring is provided on the fish guide ring, and the positioning ring is used to install the fish guide ring between the runner chamber and the water inlet pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the surface of the fish guide cap is covered with a buffering flexible material to receive the guided fish and reduce the impact damage to the fish.

[0020] Furthermore, the axial cross-section of the fish guide cap is a semi-ellipse, and the length of the long side of the semi-ellipse is F1; the vertical distance between the water-facing vertex M of the fish guide cap and the intersection line K is L1, and the distance between the rear edge of the fish guide cap and the intersection line K is L2, and the intersection line K is the intersection line between the water-facing surface and the water-receiving surface of the fish guide ring;

[0021] The installation position of the fish guide cap satisfies: F1=L2-L1, R2 / tan(β2)>L1 and L2>R3 / tan(β3), wherein:

[0022] β3 is the angle between the tangent of the outlet endpoint where the jet hole axis intersects with the back water surface of the fish guide ring and the rotation axis; R3 is the distance from the jet hole axis at the outlet endpoint to the axis; β2 is the angle between the tangent of the inner side of the cross-sectional curve of the front water surface of the fish guide ring and the rotation axis; R2 is the radius at the intersection line K.

[0023] Furthermore, the axis of the fish guide trough is parallel to the rotation axis.

[0024] Furthermore, the angle between the axis of the fish guide trough and the rotation axis is α1, and α1<α2, where α2 is the placement angle of the axial flow pump blades.

[0025] Furthermore, the cross-section of the fish guide groove is spindle-shaped, and the spindle shape is composed of two symmetrical arcs.

[0026] Furthermore, the left and right sides of the fish guide trough axis are connected to the surface of the fish guide cap, and the cross section of the fish guide trough converges along its axis into a front end point Q1 and a rear end point Q2, respectively, and the front end point is located upstream of the rear end point; the rear end point Q2 of the fish guide trough coincides with the rear edge of the fish guide cap, and the straight-line distance from the front end point of the fish guide trough to the rotation axis can be set to 0.1F2-0.3F2, where F2 is the length of the short side of the semi-ellipse.

[0027] Furthermore, the surface of the fish guide cap is provided with fish guide grooves, the number of which is 1 to 2 times the number of blades of the axial flow pump.

[0028] Furthermore, the fish guide grooves on the surface of the fish guide cap are staggered with the blades of the axial flow pump.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. The fish guide device for a pump described in the present invention has a plurality of jet holes provided on the fish guide ring, which form jets to guide fish to the fish guide cap; the surface of the fish guide cap is provided with a plurality of fish guide grooves for guiding fish into the flow channel of the axial flow pump. The device can be installed and used during the abundant fishing season to improve the survival rate of fish, and the fish guide ring can be removed during the dry fishing season to ensure hydraulic performance.

[0031] 2. The pump fish guide device described herein features a linearly varying cross-sectional area on the back surface, ensuring uniform diffusion and stable flow with minimal losses. The front surface is curved, guiding fish on the rim side by the smooth curve. The jet holes are tapered through-holes, forming a jet that guides fish closer to the rim, with the closer the fish are to the rim, the greater the guiding force. The front surface and the jet holes work together to guide fish closer to the hub, reducing the likelihood of them becoming lodged in the blade tip clearance and ensuring contact with the downstream fish guide cap.

[0032] 3. The fish guide device for a pump described in the present invention has a fish guide cap surface made of a flexible material to receive the guided fish and reduce damage caused by fish impact; the fish guide cap surface is provided with a plurality of fish guide grooves to provide channels for fish movement and avoid impact with the leading edge of the blade. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, it is obvious that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0034] FIG1 is a diagram of a pump-based fish guide device according to the present invention.

[0035] FIG2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fish guide ring shaft according to the present invention.

[0036] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the jet hole according to the present invention.

[0037] FIG4 is a top view of the fish guide ring according to the present invention.

[0038] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the fish guide cap according to the present invention.

[0039] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the fish guide trough according to the present invention.

[0040] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the fish guide trough according to the present invention.

[0041] FIG8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG7 .

[0042] FIG9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG8 .

[0043] FIG10 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the fish guide trough according to the present invention.

[0044] FIG11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG10 .

[0045] FIG12 is a schematic diagram showing the cylindrical surface expansion of a fish guide groove with 4 blades and 4 fish guide grooves.

[0046] FIG13 is a schematic diagram showing the cylindrical surface expansion of a fish guide groove with 4 blades and 8 fish guide grooves.

[0047] FIG14 is a structural diagram of a fish guide ring according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] FIG15 is a simulation diagram of the jet flow of the fish guide ring of the present invention.

[0049] In the figure: 1-axial flow pump; 11-axial flow pump blade; 12-blade leading edge; 13-hub; 14-rotating shaft; 15-runner chamber; 2-fish guide ring; 21-water-facing surface; 22-water-removing surface; 23-jet hole; 24-positioning ring; 25-positioning through hole; 26-positioning bolt; 3-fish guide cap; 31-fish guide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0052] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0053] As shown in Figure 1, the present invention relates to a pump-based fish guide device. The axial flow pump 1 is a rotating structure consisting of axial flow pump blades 11, an axial flow pump hub 12, and a rotating shaft 14. The inlet edge of the axial flow pump blades 11 is the blade leading edge 12, and the static cavity surrounding the axial flow pump 1 is the runner chamber 15. The axial flow pump blades 11 are located within the runner chamber 15. A fish guide ring 2 is installed at the inlet of the axial flow pump blades 11, mounted on the wall of the runner chamber 15. For ease of disassembly, the fish guide ring 2 is generally installed between the runner chamber 15 and the flange of the water inlet channel. A fish guide cap 3 is installed on the hub 13 of the axial flow pump blades 11. The fish guide ring 2 is provided with a number of jet holes 23, which form jets to guide fish to the fish guide cap 3. The surface of the fish guide cap 3 is provided with a number of smoothly transitioned fish guide grooves 31 to guide fish into the flow channel of the axial flow pump 1. Fish guide ring 2 guides fish in the incoming flow toward fish guide cap 3, where they then enter the flow channel of axial flow pump 1 through fish guide groove 31, preventing them from colliding with blade leading edge 12 and causing cutting. Fish guide ring 2 and fish guide cap 3 are installed during the peak fishing season to work together to minimize fish damage. They can be removed or replaced during the dry season.

[0054] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the fish guide ring 2 includes a front surface 21 and a back surface 22. One end of the front surface 21 is tangent to the wall of the runner chamber 15; the other end of the front surface 21 intersects with the back surface 22. A number of jet holes 23 are provided between the front surface 21 and the back surface 22, tapering along the flow direction. The cross-sectional profile of the front surface 21 is a smooth curve, providing smooth guidance when the fish makes contact. The inner tangent of the cross-sectional curve of the front surface 21 forms an acute angle β2 with the rotation axis 14. The cross-sectional profile of the back surface 22 is a straight line, which ensures that the cross-sectional area of ​​the back surface 22 increases uniformly along the direction of liquid flow. The angle β1 formed by the cross-sectional profile of the back surface 22 and the runner chamber 15 is in the range of 3°-5°, ensuring that the cross-sectional area of ​​the back surface 22 changes linearly and uniformly, and that the liquid flow is properly diffused. The other end of the water-facing surface 21 intersects with the water-receiving surface 22 to form an intersection line K, and the intersection line K is an arc transition; the radius of the intersection line K is R2, the radius of the runner chamber 15 is R1, R2 / R1≥0.9, which can reduce hydraulic loss.

[0055] The axis of the jet hole 23 is a curve, and the tangent line of the inlet endpoint where the curve intersects the water-facing surface 21 is parallel to the wall of the runner chamber 15; the tangent line of the outlet endpoint where the curve intersects the water-receiving surface 22 forms an angle β3 with the rotation axis 14, and the distance from the outlet endpoint to the axis is R3, generally β3<β2.

[0056] As shown in Figure 3, the cross-sectional diameter of the jet hole 23 on the water-facing surface 21 is d1, and the cross-sectional diameter of the jet hole 23 on the water-receiving surface 22 is d2. The range of d1 / d2 is 2≤d1 / d2≤4. When there are many fish in the incoming flow, d1 / d2 can be large, forming a strong jet to guide the fish; when there are few fish in the incoming flow, d1 / d2 can be small, forming a weak jet to guide the fish.

[0057] In order to ensure that the fish guide ring 2 has a certain strength after the jet hole 23 is opened, and to ensure that the jet hole 23 has a certain flow capacity and is not easy to be blocked, the cross-sectional diameter d1 of the jet hole 23 on the water-facing surface 21 meets the following requirements: 0.5(R1-R2)≤d1≤0.8(R1-R2). When there are more fish in the incoming flow, d1 can take a larger value, and when there are fewer fish in the incoming flow, d1 can take a smaller value.

[0058] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the fish guide ring 2 has a plurality of jet holes 23 evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, with the number of the jet holes 23 being 18 to 54. A positioning ring 24 is provided on the fish guide ring 2, which is used to install the fish guide ring 2 between the runner chamber 15 and the water inlet pipe. The positioning ring 24 provides positioning for the fish guide ring 2. It is annular in shape and has a certain thickness and strength. Its inner side is connected to the main structure of the fish guide ring 2, and several positioning holes 25 are opened on the outer side. The positioning bolts 26 between the flange of the runner chamber 15 and the flange of the water inlet flow channel pass through the positioning holes 25. The installation, positioning, and removal of the fish guide ring 2 are achieved by the positioning bolts 26.

[0059] As shown in Figure 5, the surface of the fish guide cap 3 is covered with a cushioning flexible material. The fish guide cap 3 is mounted on the axial flow pump 1 and maintains the same rotational speed as the rotating shaft 14. Fish are guided from the fish guide ring 2 to the fish guide cap 3 and collide with the surface of the fish guide cap 3. Therefore, the surface of the fish guide cap 3 is covered with a cushioning flexible material, such as rubber, to reduce damage to the fish caused by impact. The axial cross-sectional profile of the fish guide cap 3 is a semi-ellipse, with the long side length of the semi-ellipse being F1 and the short side length being F2. The vertical distance between the water-facing vertex M of the fish guide cap 3 and the intersection line K is L1, and the distance between the rear edge of the fish guide cap 3 and the intersection line K is L2. The intersection line K is the intersection line between the water-facing surface 21 and the water-repelling surface 22 of the fish guide ring 2.

[0060] To ensure that the fish can contact the fish guide cap 3 after being guided by the fish guide ring 2, the installation position of the fish guide cap 3 satisfies: F1 = L2-L1, R2 / tan(β2)>L1 and L2>R3 / tan(β3), where:

[0061] β3 is the angle between the tangent of the outlet endpoint where the axis of the jet hole 23 intersects with the back water surface 22 of the fish guide ring 2 and the rotation axis 14; R3 is the distance from the axis of the jet hole 23 at the outlet endpoint to the axis; β2 is the angle between the tangent of the inner side of the cross-sectional curve of the front water surface 21 of the fish guide ring 2 and the rotation axis 14; R2 is the radius at the intersection line K.

[0062] As shown in Figure 6 , the surface of the fish guide cap 3 defines a smooth fish guide groove 31. The axis of the fish guide groove 31 can be parallel to the rotation axis 14. The angle α1 between the axis of the fish guide groove 31 and the rotation axis 14 can also be set, with α1 < α2, where α2 is the placement angle of the axial flow pump blades 11. This ensures that fish guided by the fish guide groove 31 do not collide with the blade leading edge 12.

[0063] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the cross-section of the fish guide trough 31 is fusiform, consisting of two symmetrical arcs, as shown in Figures 9 and 11. The left and right sides of the axis of the fish guide trough 31 connect to the surface of the fish guide cap 3. The cross-section of the fish guide trough 31 converges along its axis to form a front end point Q1 and a rear end point Q2, with the front end point located upstream of the rear end point. The relative positions of these two end points determine the depth of the fish guide trough 31: that is, as end point Q1 moves upstream, the depth of the fish guide trough 31 increases. The rear end point Q2 of the fish guide trough 31 coincides with the rear edge of the fish guide cap 3, meaning that the linear distance from the rear end point Q2 to the rotation axis 14 is equal to the hub radius 0.5F2. The linear distance from the front end point of the fish guide trough 31 to the rotation axis 14 can be set to 0.1F2-0.3F2, where F2 is the length of the short side of the semi-ellipse. When the incoming flow is high in fish, the fish guide trough depth is increased by 0.1F2. When the incoming flow is low in fish, the fish guide trough depth is decreased by 0.3F2, as shown in Figures 8 and 10.

[0064] The fish guide cap 3 is provided with fish guide grooves 31 on its surface, the number of which is 1 to 2 times the number of the axial flow pump blades 11. Generally speaking, the number of the fish guide grooves 31 is usually the same as the number of the axial flow pump blades 11, and can be 2 to 4. When there are many fish in the incoming flow, the number of the fish guide grooves 31 can be set to twice the number of the axial flow pump blades 11.

[0065] As shown in Figure 12, the fish guide grooves 31 on the surface of the fish guide cap 3 are staggered with the axial flow pump blades 11. That is, there is a certain phase angle difference between the blades 11 and the fish guide grooves 31. Taking a four-blade impeller as an example, the blades 11 are placed at 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 225 degrees, and 315 degrees (or i degrees, i+90 degrees, i+180 degrees, i+270 degrees, that is, the blades are 90 degrees apart). If the number of fish guide grooves 31 is four, the opening positions are 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees (or i-45 degrees, i+45 degrees, i+135 degrees, i+225 degrees, that is, the fish guide grooves are 90 degrees apart and 45 degrees apart from the blades); if the number of fish guide grooves 31 is If there are eight fish guide grooves, the opening positions are 22.5 degrees, 67.5 degrees, 112.5 degrees, 157.5 degrees, 202.5 degrees, 247.5 degrees, 292.5 degrees, and 337.5 degrees (or i-22.5 degrees, i+22.5 degrees, i+67.5 degrees, i+112.5 degrees, i+157.5 degrees, i+202.5 degrees, i+247.5 degrees, and i+292.5 degrees, that is, the fish guide grooves are 45 degrees apart and 22.5 degrees apart from the blades), as shown in Figure 13.

[0066] Generally speaking, by varying geometric parameters, different models of fish guide ring 2 and fish guide cap 3 can be designed. The fish guide ring 2 and fish guide cap 3 can be matched based on specific usage scenarios, such as the known axial flow pump installation space, incoming fish density, and fish size, to ensure that fish are guided to the fish guide cap 3 by the fish guide ring 2. The fish guide cap 3 is typically used in combination with the fish guide ring 2 to receive the guided fish, minimizing the probability of fish impact and damage. The fish guide ring 2 can be used in combination with the fish guide cap 3, or alone. In this case, fish are only guided to the hub side through the axial flow pump blades 11, providing less protection than when the two are used together.

[0067] Figure 14 shows another embodiment of a fish guide ring 2. The fish guide ring 2 is provided with a positioning protrusion. The flanges of the runner chamber 15 and the water inlet pipe are each provided with a mounting groove. The fish guide ring 2 is clamped by clamping the positioning protrusion into the groove between the runner chamber 15 and the water inlet pipe. Bolts are then used to secure the fish guide ring 2 to the flanges of the runner chamber 15 and the water inlet pipe. A sealing ring can be provided on the positioning protrusion for sealing.

[0068] As shown in Figure 15, a simulation of the jet flow generated by the fish guide ring 2 of the present invention shows that the water-facing surface 21 and the jet holes 23 work together to generate a jet flow on the water-receiving surface 22. The jet force guides fish closer to the hub 13, reducing the possibility of fish becoming stuck in the blade tip gap. The jet holes 23 face the fish guide cap, allowing the fish to contact the downstream fish guide cap. The cross-sectional area of ​​the water-receiving surface 22 changes linearly, providing uniform diffusion and ensuring stable flow with minimal losses.

[0069] A pump station for an axial flow pump / tubular flow pump, wherein the pump fish guide device can be detachably installed in the pump station.

[0070] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0071] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish guide device for a pump, wherein the axial flow pump blade (11) is located in a runner chamber (15), characterized in that: A fish guide ring (2) mounted on the wall of a runner chamber (15) is provided at the inlet of the axial flow pump blade (11); a fish guide cap (3) is installed on the hub (13) of the axial flow pump blade (11); the fish guide ring (2) is provided with a plurality of jet holes (23) for guiding fish to the fish guide cap (3) by forming jets; and the surface of the fish guide cap (3) is provided with a plurality of fish guide grooves (31) for allowing fish to enter the flow channel of the axial flow pump (1).

2. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fish guide ring (2) comprises a water-facing surface (21) and a water-receiving surface (22); one end of the water-facing surface (21) is tangent to the wall of the runner chamber (15); the other end of the water-facing surface (21) intersects with the water-receiving surface (22); and a plurality of jet holes (23) that gradually contract along the flow direction are provided between the water-facing surface (21) and the water-receiving surface (22).

3. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional profile of the back water surface (22) is a straight line, which is used to increase the flow cross-sectional area at the back water surface (22) evenly along the liquid flow direction.

4. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 3, characterized in that: The included angle β1 formed by the cross-sectional profile of the back water surface (22) and the profile of the runner chamber (15) is in the range of 3°-5°.

5. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional profile of the water-facing surface (21) is a smooth curve, which is used to guide the fish body smoothly.

6. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 5, characterized in that: The included angle β2 formed by the tangent line on the inner side of the cross-sectional curve of the water-facing surface (21) and the rotation axis (14) is an acute angle.

7. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The other end of the water-facing surface (21) intersects with the water-receiving surface (22) to form an intersection line K, and the intersection line K forms an arc transition; the radius of the intersection line K is R2, the radius of the runner chamber (15) is R1, and R2 / R1≥0.

9.

8. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 6, characterized in that: The axis of the jet hole (23) is a curve, and the tangent line of the inlet end point where the curve intersects with the water-facing surface (21) is parallel to the wall surface of the runner chamber (15); the tangent line of the outlet end point where the curve intersects with the water-receiving surface (22) forms an angle β3 with the rotation axis (14), and β3<β2.

9. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional diameter of the jet hole (23) on the water-facing surface (21) is d1, and the cross-sectional diameter of the jet hole (23) on the water-receiving surface (22) is d2. The value range of d1 / d2 is: 2≤d1 / d2≤4.

10. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cross-sectional diameter d1 of the jet hole (23) on the water-facing surface (21) meets the following requirement: 0.5(R1-R2)≤d1≤0.8(R1-R2).

11. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of jet holes (23) are evenly arranged on the fish guide ring (2) along a circumferential direction, and the number of the jet holes (23) is 18 to 54.

12. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fish guide ring (2) is provided with a positioning ring (24), and the positioning ring (24) is used to install the fish guide ring (2) between the runner chamber (15) and the water inlet pipe.

13. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the fish guide cap (3) is covered with a buffering flexible material.

14. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial cross-section of the fish guide cap (3) is a semi-ellipse, and the length of the long side of the semi-ellipse is F1; the vertical distance between the water-facing vertex M of the fish guide cap (3) and the intersection line K is L1, and the distance between the rear edge of the fish guide cap (3) and the intersection line K is L2, and the intersection line K is the intersection line of the water-facing surface (21) and the water-receiving surface (22) of the fish guide ring (2); The installation position of the fish guide cap (3) satisfies: F1=L2-L1, R2 / tan(β2)>L1 and L2>R3 / tan(β3), wherein: β3 is the angle between the tangent line at the outlet end point where the axis of the jet hole (23) intersects with the back water surface (22) of the fish guide ring (2) and the rotation axis (14); R3 is the distance from the axis of the jet hole (23) at the outlet end point to the axis; β2 is the angle between the tangent line on the inner side of the cross-sectional curve of the front water surface (21) of the fish guide ring (2) and the rotation axis (14); R2 is the radius at the intersection line K.

15. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the fish guide groove (31) is parallel to the rotation axis (14).

16. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the axis of the fish guide groove (31) and the rotating shaft (14) is α1, and α1<α2, where α2 is the placement angle of the axial flow pump blade (11).

17. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the fish guide groove (31) is a shuttle shape, and the shuttle shape is composed of two symmetrical arcs.

18. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 14, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the axis of the fish guide groove (31) are connected to the surface of the fish guide cap (3), and the cross section of the fish guide groove (31) converges along its axis to form a front end point Q1 and a rear end point Q2, respectively, and the front end point is located upstream of the rear end point; the rear end point Q2 of the fish guide groove (31) coincides with the rear edge of the fish guide cap (3), and the straight-line distance between the front end point of the fish guide groove (31) and the rotation axis (14) can be set to 0.1F2-0.3F2, wherein F2 is the length of the short side of the semi-ellipse.

19. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of fish guide grooves (31) provided on the surface of the fish guide cap (3) is 1 to 2 times the number of the axial flow pump blades (11).

20. The fish guide device for a pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fish guide grooves (31) on the surface of the fish guide cap (3) and the axial flow pump blades (11) are distributed in an alternating manner.

21. A pump station of an axial flow pump / tubular flow pump, characterized in that: The pump fish guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 20 can be detachably installed in the pump station.

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