On-load tap changer

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of transformer voltage regulation, and relates to an on-load tap changer. The on-load tap changer comprises: a tap changer body and a driving mechanism fixed on the tap changer body, wherein the tap changer body comprises a housing; a plurality of insulating fixing plates, which are lined up and are perpendicularly fixed at the bottom of the housing at equal intervals; a rotary disk, comprising grooved wheels and a cam disk, which are coaxially and integrally formed, wherein the cam disk is rotationally connected to the insulating fixing plates, and the grooved wheels are connected to the driving mechanism; a plurality of vacuum tubes, which are respectively fixed to the insulating fixing plates; and a plurality of transmission mechanisms, wherein each transmission mechanism comprises a lifting lever and a push-back spring. In the present invention, when the driving mechanism drives the grooved wheels to rotate for voltage regulation, the cam disk is synchronously driven to rotate, then, the lifting lever and the push-back spring of each transmission mechanism are used to drive a movable end of each vacuum tube to move back and forth to implement arc extinguishing by means of switching, thereby implementing on-load voltage regulation of a transformer; and the vacuum tube, the transmission mechanism and the grooved wheel are located on the same insulating fixing plate, and the number of parts of the transmission mechanism is also greatly reduced, thereby effectively reducing the size of the tap changer.

Description

On-load tap-changer Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of transformer voltage regulation, and in particular relates to an on-load voltage regulating tap changer. Background Art

[0002] Traditional transformers mostly use a non-excitation voltage regulation method. Voltage regulation requires first disconnecting the power supply and then performing the voltage adjustment. Once the adjustment is complete, power can be restored. This requires disconnecting the power supply before voltage regulation. This results in low voltage compliance and poor stability in actual power supply networks, and also increases losses in the transformer itself and in the electrical equipment.

[0003] With the continuous advancement and development of the social economy and power grid, the demand for voltage quality is becoming increasingly stringent. On-load tap-changers are increasingly being used at key nodes in the power system. They enable voltage regulation without interrupting the transformer's power supply, effectively ensuring voltage quality for the power system and users while minimizing losses. An on-load tap-changer comprises a drive mechanism, multiple insulating plates, and a sheave rotatably connected to each insulating plate. Each sheave and insulating plate is equipped with a corresponding selector system, each connected to a vacuum tube. The selector system includes a stationary contact and a moving contact. The stationary contact is fixed around the insulating plate and connects to the corresponding tap in the transformer winding. The moving contact is fixed to the sheave and connects to the movable end of the vacuum tube, which in turn connects to the incoming line terminal of the high-voltage side coil. The operating principle of an on-load tap-changer is as follows: the drive mechanism rotates the sheave, causing the movable contact to switch with the stationary contact, thereby changing the number of turns in each winding, i.e., the transformer's voltage ratio. Simultaneously, the movable end of the vacuum tube must be moved back and forth to switch on and off, extinguishing arcs and achieving on-load voltage regulation.

[0004] To synchronize the switching and arc extinguishing of the vacuum tubes with the rotating voltage regulation of the moving contacts driven by the sheave, existing on-load tap-changers require not only a mounting plate on one side of each insulating plate to secure the vacuum tubes to the corresponding mounting plate, but also a complex transmission mechanism between the mounting plate and the insulating plate, as the sheave and vacuum tubes are mounted separately on the insulating plate and mounting plate. However, the addition of multiple mounting plates and a complex transmission mechanism increases the size of the on-load tap-changer, making it inconvenient to install.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides an on-load tap-changer to address the deficiencies in the prior art. The present invention can effectively reduce the volume of the tap-changer and improve the convenience of installing the on-load tap-changer.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: a load-controlled tap changer, comprising a switch body and a driving mechanism fixed on the switch body, wherein the switch body comprises a shell, a plurality of insulating fixed plates are arranged in a row and fixed vertically at equal intervals on the bottom of the shell, a plurality of turntables each comprise a coaxially integrally formed groove wheel and a cam plate, the cam plate is rotatably connected to the insulating fixed plate, the groove wheel is connected to the driving mechanism to rotate the groove wheel, a plurality of vacuum tubes are respectively fixed on the insulating fixed plate and are located on the same side as the cam plate, a plurality of transmission mechanisms, each transmission mechanism comprises a lifting lever and a reverse thrust spring, the lifting lever is hinged on the insulating fixed plate and is located between the cam plate and the vacuum tube, one end of the lifting lever abuts the cam plate, and the other end is connected to the movable end of the vacuum tube, and the reverse thrust spring is connected between the lifting lever and the shell to make the movable end of the vacuum tube move back and forth.

[0008] Preferably, the switch body also includes a selector system, including a moving contact, a static contact and a moving contact lead post. The moving contact lead post is fixed on the insulating fixed plate and is perpendicular to it. The moving contact lead post is connected to the movable end of the vacuum tube through a lead. The turntable is sleeved on the moving contact lead post and is rotatably connected to it. The static contacts are arranged at equal intervals around the outside of the moving contact lead post. The static contact is fixedly connected to the insulating fixed plate. The moving contact is fixed on the turntable. One end of the moving contact is connected to the moving contact lead post, and the other end is movably connected to the static contact.

[0009] Preferably, the moving contact includes a moving contact power guide seat, a pair of moving contact clips and a moving contact rotating conductive clip. The moving contact power guide seat is fixed on a turntable. A through hole is opened on the turntable along its axial direction. A pair of moving contact clips are passed through the through hole. The moving contact clips abut against the static contact from the inner and outer sides respectively. The moving contact clips are connected to one end of the moving contact power guide seat. A pair of moving contact rotating conductive clips are clamped on the moving contact lead column. The moving contact rotating conductive clips are connected to the other end of the moving contact power guide seat.

[0010] Preferably, the moving contact clip and the moving contact rotating conductive clip are respectively hinged to the moving contact power guide seat, and spring shafts are respectively passed through the two moving contact clips and the moving contact rotating conductive clip. The spring shafts are respectively perpendicular to the hinge shafts on the moving contact clip and the moving contact rotating conductive clip. The spring shaft is slidingly connected to the moving contact clip and the moving contact rotating conductive clip along its axial direction, and limiting springs are respectively connected between the two ends of the spring shaft and the moving contact clip and the moving contact rotating conductive clip.

[0011] Preferably, the selector system also includes a transition resistor mechanism, including a transition resistor winding plate and a transition resistor fixedly wound along the length direction of the transition resistor winding plate, and the two ends of the transition resistor are respectively connected to the moving contact lead column and the movable end of the vacuum tube through leads.

[0012] Preferably, a guide block is provided directly below the movable end of the vacuum tube, and the guide block is fixedly connected to the insulating fixed plate. A vacuum tube lifting shaft is fixedly provided on the movable end of the vacuum tube, and the vacuum tube lifting shaft passes through the guide block and is slidingly connected to the guide block along the axial direction of the vacuum tube lifting shaft. The end of the lifting lever away from the cam disk is connected to the vacuum tube lifting shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting lever includes an integrally formed active rod and a driven rod, one end of the active rod and the driven rod are connected to each other and formed as one piece, a connecting shaft is passed through the connection between the active rod and the driven rod and is rotatably connected thereto, the connecting shaft is vertically fixedly connected to the insulating fixed plate, the other end of the active rod abuts against the cam disc, and the other end of the driven rod is provided with a U-shaped slot, the movable end of the vacuum tube is embedded in the U-shaped slot, a limiting protrusion is fixed between the movable end of the vacuum tube and the vacuum tube lifting shaft, and the limiting protrusion abuts against the U-shaped slot.

[0014] Preferably, the active rod and the driven rod are respectively provided with mounting grooves at one end away from each other, and the mounting grooves on the driven rod are located on both sides of the U-shaped slot. Rollers are rotatably connected to the mounting grooves, and the rotating shafts of the rollers are parallel to the connecting shafts. The rollers are in contact with the cam plate and the limiting protrusions.

[0015] Preferably, the switch body also includes a drive system, including a drive wheel shaft, a drive cam and a shift lever. The drive wheel shaft is passed through the insulating fixed plate and is rotatably connected thereto. The drive wheel shaft and the axis of the turntable are parallel to each other. The drive wheel shaft is connected to the output end of the drive mechanism. Multiple drive cams are sleeved on the drive wheel shaft. The shift lever is fixed to the end of the drive cam away from the drive wheel shaft. The shift lever and the drive wheel shaft are parallel to each other. The shift lever is movably connected to the groove wheel on the turntable.

[0016] Preferably, the driver cams are distributed on both sides of each insulating fixed plate, and the included angle of the driver cams on both sides of the insulating fixed plate is 140°. Turntables are symmetrically provided on both sides of the insulating fixed plate. The static contacts are passed through the insulating fixed plates, and the ends of adjacent static contacts are alternately connected to the taps in the winding through leads.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an on-load voltage-regulating tap changer, which is used in conjunction with the insulating fixed plate inside the shell of the switch body, the groove wheel on the turntable, and the cam plate through the driving mechanism. When the groove wheel is driven by the driving mechanism to rotate for voltage regulation, the cam plate is simultaneously driven to rotate, and then the lifting lever and the reverse thrust spring of the transmission mechanism are used to drive the movable end of the vacuum tube to move back and forth to realize the switching and arc extinguishing, thereby realizing the on-load voltage regulation of the transformer. The vacuum tube, transmission mechanism and selector system are located on the same insulating fixed plate, avoiding the addition of multiple mounting plates. At the same time, the lifting lever and the reverse thrust spring are used to drive the movement of the vacuum tube, which can greatly reduce the number of transmission mechanism parts in the switch, thereby effectively reducing the volume of the tap changer and improving the convenience of installation of the on-load voltage-regulating tap changer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] FIG1 is a perspective view of a tap changer according to the present invention;

[0019] FIG2 is a perspective view of the switch body of the present invention;

[0020] FIG3 is a perspective view of a selector system of the present invention;

[0021] FIG4 is a perspective view of the assembly of the rotary disk and the moving contact of the present invention;

[0022] FIG5 is an assembly perspective view of the insulating fixing plate and the static contact of the present invention;

[0023] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum tube of the present invention;

[0024] FIG7 is a perspective view of the driver system of the present invention;

[0025] FIG8 is a perspective view of a lifting lever according to the present invention;

[0026] FIG9 is a perspective view of the driving mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] FIG10 is a perspective view of the power transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] FIG11 is an exploded view of the power transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the drive motor and the gear driver of the present invention;

[0030] FIG13 is an exploded view of the power transmission mechanism of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention provides an on-load tap-changer, which will be described below with reference to the structural schematic diagrams of FIG. 1 to FIG. 13 .

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0033] Traditional transformers mostly use a non-excitation voltage regulation method. Voltage regulation requires first disconnecting the power supply and then performing the voltage adjustment. Once the adjustment is complete, power can be restored. This requires disconnecting the power supply before voltage regulation. This results in low voltage compliance and poor stability in actual power supply networks, and also increases losses in the transformer itself and in the electrical equipment.

[0034] With the continuous advancement and development of the social economy and power grid, the demand for voltage quality is becoming increasingly stringent. On-load tap-changers are increasingly being used at key nodes in the power system. They enable voltage regulation without interrupting the transformer's power supply, effectively ensuring voltage quality for the power system and users while minimizing losses. An on-load tap-changer comprises a drive mechanism, multiple insulating plates, and a sheave rotatably connected to each insulating plate. Each sheave and insulating plate is equipped with a corresponding selector system, each connected to a vacuum tube. The selector system includes a stationary contact and a moving contact. The stationary contact is fixed around the insulating plate and connects to the corresponding tap in the transformer winding. The moving contact is fixed to the sheave and connects to the movable end of the vacuum tube, which in turn connects to the incoming line terminal of the high-voltage side coil. The operating principle of an on-load tap-changer is as follows: the drive mechanism rotates the sheave, causing the movable contact to switch with the stationary contact, thereby changing the number of turns in each winding, i.e., the transformer's voltage ratio. Simultaneously, the movable end of the vacuum tube must be moved back and forth to switch on and off, extinguishing arcs and achieving on-load voltage regulation.

[0035] To synchronize the switching and arc extinguishing of the vacuum tubes with the rotating voltage regulation of the moving contacts driven by the sheave, existing on-load tap-changers require not only a mounting plate on one side of each insulating plate to secure the vacuum tubes to the corresponding mounting plate, but also a complex transmission mechanism between the mounting plate and the insulating plate, as the sheave and vacuum tubes are mounted separately on the insulating plate and mounting plate. However, the addition of multiple mounting plates and a complex transmission mechanism increases the size of the on-load tap-changer, making it inconvenient to install.

[0036] Based on the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an on-load voltage-regulating tap changer, which is used in conjunction with an insulating fixed plate inside the shell of the switch body, a groove wheel on the turntable, and a cam plate through a driving mechanism. When the groove wheel is driven by the driving mechanism to rotate for voltage regulation, the cam plate is simultaneously driven to rotate, and then the lifting lever and the reverse thrust spring of the transmission mechanism are used to drive the movable end of the vacuum tube to move back and forth to realize the switching and arc extinguishing, thereby realizing on-load voltage regulation of the transformer. The vacuum tube, transmission mechanism and selector system are located on the same insulating fixed plate, avoiding the addition of multiple mounting plates. At the same time, the lifting lever and the reverse thrust spring are used to drive the movement of the vacuum tube, which can greatly reduce the number of transmission mechanism parts in the switch, thereby effectively reducing the volume of the tap changer and improving the convenience of installation of the on-load voltage-regulating tap changer. The on-load voltage-regulating tap changer of the present invention has a compact structure, reasonable layout, high service life, strong practicality, and is worthy of promotion.

[0037] As shown in the figure, FIG1 is a perspective view of the tap changer of this embodiment, an on-load tap changer, including a switch body 2 and a drive mechanism 1 fixed to the switch body 2, FIG2 is a perspective view of the switch body of this embodiment, wherein the switch body 2 includes a housing 4, a plurality of insulating fixing plates 3 are arranged in a row and fixed vertically at the bottom of the housing 4 at equal intervals, and a plurality of rotating discs 32, each of which includes a coaxial integrally formed groove wheel 45 and a cam disc 44, the cam disc 44 is rotatably connected to the insulating fixing plate 3, and the groove wheel 45 is connected to the drive mechanism 1, so as to The groove wheel 45 is rotated, and multiple vacuum tubes 6 are respectively fixed on the insulating fixed plate 3 and are located on the same side as the cam plate 44. Multiple transmission mechanisms are provided, and each transmission mechanism includes a lifting lever 36 and a push back spring 37. The lifting lever 36 is hinged on the insulating fixed plate 3 and is located between the cam plate 44 and the vacuum tube 6. One end of the lifting lever 36 abuts against the cam plate 44, and the other end is connected to the movable end 61 of the vacuum tube 6. The push back spring 37 is connected between the lifting lever 36 and the shell 4 to make the movable end 61 of the vacuum tube 6 move back and forth.

[0038] Since the vacuum tube of the existing on-load tap-changer is arranged on the side of the selector system, the connection between the vacuum tube and the moving contact of the selector system, as well as the incoming wires of the high-voltage side coil, is complicated, which increases the manufacturing cost of the transformer and is not conducive to the insulation performance of the transformer.

[0039] To this end, this embodiment proposes a solution. Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of the selector system of this embodiment. Preferably, the switch body 2 also includes a selector system 7, including a moving contact 31, a static contact 42 and a moving contact lead post 43. The moving contact lead post 43 is fixed on the insulating fixed plate 3 and is perpendicular to it. The moving contact lead post 43 is connected to the movable end 61 of the vacuum tube 6 through a lead. The turntable 32 is sleeved on the moving contact lead post 43 and is rotatably connected to it. The static contacts 42 are arranged at equal intervals around the outside of the moving contact lead post 43. The static contact 42 is fixedly connected to the insulating fixed plate 3. The moving contact 31 is fixed on the turntable 32. One end of the moving contact 31 is connected to the moving contact lead post 43, and the other end is movably connected to the static contact 42.

[0040] In this embodiment, the selector system 7 has three phases, which are evenly spaced in the housing 4. There are nine fixed contacts 42 in each phase selector system 7. Each fixed contact leads to a hard wire 41. A terminal composed of a copper bolt and a copper nut is fixed to the end of each hard wire 41. The terminal is connected to the tap in the corresponding winding of the transformer through the lead wire. When the rotating disk 32 rotates, the moving contact 31 switches to contact different static contacts 42 to achieve voltage regulation.

[0041] In this embodiment, the fixed end 60 of the vacuum tube 35 is connected to the incoming line end of the high-voltage side coil via a lead wire, thereby enabling a reasonable arrangement of the leads between the vacuum tube and the moving contact and the incoming line end of the high-voltage side coil, thereby facilitating the installation and long-term stable operation of the on-load tap changer.

[0042] The fixed contact lead pin 43 in this embodiment is fixed to the insulating fixing plate 3 by a semicircular head screw.

[0043] Among them, the fixed end 60 of the vacuum tube is fixed to the insulating fixing plate 3 by a bolt, and a hard wire is fixed and led out by another bolt. The end of the hard wire is fixed with a terminal composed of a copper bolt and a copper nut as a common end, and the common end is connected to the incoming end of the high-voltage side coil.

[0044] As a further optimization scheme, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in the figure, Figure 4 is a three-dimensional diagram of the assembly of the turntable and the moving contact of this embodiment. Preferably, the moving contact 31 includes a moving contact power guide seat 47, a pair of moving contact clips 46 and a moving contact rotating conductive clip 48. The moving contact power guide seat 47 is fixed on the turntable 32. A through hole is opened on the turntable 32 along its axial direction. A pair of moving contact clips 46 are passed through the through hole. The moving contact clips 46 are respectively in contact with the static contact 42 from the inner and outer sides. The moving contact clips 46 are connected to one end of the moving contact power guide seat 47. A pair of moving contact rotating conductive clips 48 are clamped on the moving contact lead column 43. The moving contact rotating conductive clip 48 is connected to the other end of the moving contact power guide seat 47.

[0045] In this embodiment, the movable contact power supply guide seat 47, the movable contact clip 46 and the movable contact rotating conductive clip 48 are used to achieve stable connection between the movable contact 31 and the static contact and the movable contact lead post 43 during voltage regulation.

[0046] As a further optimization scheme, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, preferably, the moving contact clip 46 and the moving contact rotating conductive clip 48 are respectively hinged to the moving contact power guide seat 47, and the two moving contact clips 46 and the moving contact rotating conductive clip 48 are respectively penetrated by a spring shaft 49, and the spring shaft 49 is respectively perpendicular to the hinge shafts on the moving contact clip 46 and the moving contact rotating conductive clip 48, and the spring shaft 49 is slidingly connected to the moving contact clip 46 and the moving contact rotating conductive clip 48 along its axial direction, and limiting springs are respectively connected between the two ends of the spring shaft 49 and the moving contact clip 46 and the moving contact rotating conductive clip 48.

[0047] In this embodiment, the moving contact clip 46 is divided into two parts, upper and lower, and passes through the through hole (square hole) on the turntable 32. The moving contact rotating conductive clip 48 is divided into two parts, left and right. The spring shaft 49 and the limit spring on the shaft can limit the left and right parts of the moving contact rotating conductive clip 48 and the separation of the upper and lower parts of the moving contact clip 46.

[0048] In the existing on-load tap-changer, a transition resistor needs to be connected between the movable end 61 of the vacuum tube 6 and the moving contact, and the connecting wire and the fixing method of the transition resistor are complicated.

[0049] To this end, this embodiment proposes a solution. Preferably, the selector system 7 also includes a transition resistor mechanism 8, including a transition resistor winding plate and a transition resistor 39 fixedly wound along the length direction of the transition resistor winding plate. The two ends of the transition resistor 39 are respectively connected to the moving contact lead column 43 and the movable end 61 of the vacuum tube 6 through leads.

[0050] In this embodiment, the transition resistor winding plate is fixed to the bottom of the shell 4 by bolts, and the two ends of the transition resistor winding plate are fixed with wiring terminals by bolts. The left wiring terminal is connected to the fixed contact lead post 43 through a soft wire 40, and the right wiring terminal is connected to the movable end of the vacuum tube through a soft wire.

[0051] As a further optimization scheme, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in the figure, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the vacuum tube of this embodiment. Preferably, a guide block 38 is provided directly below the movable end 61 of the vacuum tube 6, and the guide block 38 is fixedly connected to the insulating fixed plate 3. A vacuum tube lifting shaft 62 is fixed on the movable end 61 of the vacuum tube 6. The vacuum tube lifting shaft 62 passes through the guide block 38 and is slidably connected to the guide block 38 along the axial direction of the vacuum tube lifting shaft 62. The end of the lifting lever 36 away from the cam plate 44 is connected to the vacuum tube lifting shaft 62.

[0052] In this embodiment, the guide block 38 and the vacuum tube lifting shaft 62 are used to improve the stability of the lifting lever 36 and the reverse thrust spring 37 in driving the movable end 61 of the vacuum tube 6 to move up and down, thereby improving the voltage regulation stability of the on-load tap changer. The end of the reverse thrust spring 37 away from the lifting lever 36 is connected to the guide block 38.

[0053] As a further optimization scheme, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in the figure, Figure 8 is a three-dimensional diagram of the lifting lever of this embodiment. Preferably, the lifting lever 36 includes an integrally formed active rod 51 and a driven rod 53. One end of the active rod 51 and the driven rod 53 are connected to each other and formed as one piece. A connecting shaft 52 is passed through the connection between the active rod 51 and the driven rod 53 and is rotatably connected thereto. The connecting shaft 52 is vertically fixedly connected to the insulating fixed plate 3. The other end of the active rod 51 abuts against the cam disc 44, and the other end of the driven rod 53 is provided with a U-shaped groove. The movable end 61 of the vacuum tube 6 is embedded in the U-shaped groove. A limiting protrusion is fixed between the movable end 61 of the vacuum tube 6 and the vacuum tube lifting shaft 62, and the limiting protrusion abuts against the U-shaped groove.

[0054] In this embodiment, the lifting lever 36 composed of the integrally formed active rod 51 and the driven rod 53 can not only be used in conjunction with the cam plate 44, but the U-shaped groove on the driven rod 53 can also be used in conjunction with the limiting protrusion between the movable end 61 of the vacuum tube 6 and the vacuum tube lifting shaft 62, ensuring that the turntable uses the lifting lever 36 to drive the movable end 61 of the vacuum tube 6 to move.

[0055] The lifting lever 36 in this embodiment includes a retaining ring 54 and an insulating sleeve 55. The connection between the active rod 51 and the driven rod 53 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 52, and the lifting lever 36 is fixed by the retaining ring 54. The insulating sleeve 55 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 52 and is located between the lifting lever 36 and the insulating fixing plate 3.

[0056] As a further optimization scheme, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, preferably, the active rod 51 and the driven rod 53 are respectively provided with mounting grooves at one end away from each other, and the mounting grooves on the driven rod 53 are located on both sides of the U-shaped slot. The roller 50 is rotatably connected to the mounting groove, and the rotating shaft of the roller 50 is parallel to the connecting shaft 52. The roller 50 abuts against the cam plate 44 and the limiting protrusion.

[0057] This embodiment also includes a roller shaft 56, which is passed through the roller 50 and is rotatably connected thereto. Both ends of the roller shaft 56 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped slot. The roller 50 is used to prevent the active rod 51 and the driven rod 53 from being stuck with the cam plate 44 and the limiting protrusion.

[0058] As shown in the figure, Figure 7 is a three-dimensional diagram of the drive system of this embodiment. Preferably, the switch body 2 also includes a drive system 5, including a drive shaft 58, a drive cam 59 and a shift lever. The drive shaft 58 is passed through the insulating fixed plate 3 and is rotatably connected thereto. The drive shaft 58 and the axis of the turntable 32 are parallel to each other. The drive shaft 58 is connected to the output end of the drive mechanism 1. Multiple drive cams 59 are sleeved on the drive shaft 58. The shift lever is fixed to one end of the drive cam 59 away from the drive shaft 58. The shift lever and the drive shaft 58 are parallel to each other, and the shift lever is movably connected to the groove wheel 45 on the turntable 32.

[0059] In this embodiment, the drive wheel shaft 58 consists of three sections, each of which extends through an insulating mounting plate and is rotatably supported on the plate. A coupling 57 is interposed between the sections to ensure simultaneous operation of the three phases. The lever of the driver cam 59 engages with a locking arc on one side of the sheave 45 on the turntable 32. As the turntable 32 rotates, the lever of the driver cam 59 engages with the U-shaped groove of the sheave 45, engaging the corresponding U-shaped groove and driving the sheave to rotate. For each full rotation of the driver cam, the sheave rotates only a small angle. As the sheave rotates, the cam disc below pushes the lifting lever to swing, thereby operating the vacuum tube.

[0060] As a further optimization scheme, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, preferably, the driver cams 59 are distributed on both sides of each insulating fixing plate 3, and the included angle of the driver cams 59 on both sides of the insulating fixing plate 3 is 140°, and the turntables 32 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the insulating fixing plate 3. As shown in the figure, Figure 5 is an assembly stereoscopic diagram of the insulating fixing plate and the static contact of this embodiment, and the static contact 42 is passed through the insulating fixing plate 3, and the ends of adjacent static contacts 42 are alternately connected to the taps in the winding through leads.

[0061] In this embodiment, nine static contacts are distributed on the insulating fixed plate and extend from one side of the insulating fixed plate to the other side. There is a moving contact on each of the turntables 32 on both sides. The moving contact can be selectively connected to each static contact. Each static contact is connected to a lead. The moving contacts on both sides rotate around the same fixed axis under the support of two groove wheels. The pins of multiple hard wires 41 are installed on the same side, which makes the layout more reasonable and the operation more convenient.

[0062] In this embodiment, the two moving contacts and the rotary disc for each phase are fixed to either side of an insulating fixed plate, preventing interference during movement and improving switching reliability. Furthermore, a pair of driver cams 59 are mounted at fixed angles on either side of the insulating fixed plate. A lever drives the rotary discs (grooved wheels) on either side to rotate sequentially, achieving a complete gear shift with each complete rotation of the driver cam. This results in higher switching efficiency and more stable operation.

[0063] The three-phase selector system in this embodiment is arranged in a strip shape, which makes the layout of the selector switch body more compact, improves the switch space utilization rate, and can adapt to more types of distribution transformers.

[0064] The vacuum tubes are arranged longitudinally on both sides of the insulating fixing plate, which has a larger movement space, a more reasonable layout, and is also convenient for setting the transition resistor. At the same time, a reverse thrust spring is set between the lifting lever and the guide block to ensure the stability of the opening and closing of the vacuum tube and increase the service life of the vacuum tube.

[0065] In this embodiment, the on-load tap changer is operated by a drive motor 9, which drives the gears in the power transmission mechanism 11, which in turn rotates the rotary disk 32, thereby driving the moving contact to the adjacent fixed contact, completing a tap change. During the tap changer's switching process, the three-phase selector system 7 synchronizes the switching operation, ensuring consistent operation of the three phases.

[0066] Each phase selector system 7 is equipped with two vacuum tubes, which operate successively during the switching process to play the role of vacuum arc extinguishing. The tap changer with two vacuum tube assemblies has higher switching efficiency and smoother gear switching than the on-load tap changer with a single vacuum tube.

[0067] This embodiment realizes the miniaturization of the distribution on-load tap-changing switch, and has the advantages of high switching efficiency, good reliability, multiple gears, long service life and applicability to various types of distribution transformers.

[0068] The present invention provides a horizontal on-load tap-changing switch with clear functional structure and parallel arrangement of various mechanisms. The on-load tap-changing switch is installed above the internal body of the transformer, has a small installation space, is beautiful overall, and does not require an expanded floor space.

[0069] This embodiment adopts an integrated design of the cam plate and the groove wheel in the switch, which greatly reduces the number of mechanical parts driving the vacuum tube and improves the operating accuracy. The in-phase mechanisms are evenly arranged on both sides of the same insulating fixed plate, making the structure more compact and reducing the size of the entire switch.

[0070] As shown in the figure, Figure 9 is a three-dimensional diagram of the driving mechanism 1 of the embodiment. The driving mechanism 1 in the above embodiment includes a driving motor 9, a gear signal mechanism 10 and a power transmission mechanism 11. As shown in the figure, Figure 10 is a three-dimensional diagram of the gear signal mechanism of the embodiment, and Figure 11 is an exploded view of the gear signal mechanism of the embodiment. The gear signal mechanism 10 includes a first mounting shell, a gear driver 14, a support plate 15, a stud 16, a gear signal plate 18, a gear signal plate spacer 19, a gear partition plate 20, a gear contact piece 21, and a rotating shaft 22. The motor 9 is fixed on the first mounting housing, the rotating shaft 22 is arranged in the first mounting housing, the rotating shaft 22 and the axis of the drive motor 9 are parallel to each other, the support plate 15 is fixed in the first mounting housing, one end of the rotating shaft 22 is fixedly connected to the support plate 15, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first mounting housing, the gear dividing plate 20 and the gear signal plate 18 are respectively sleeved on the rotating shaft 22, the gear dividing plate 20 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 22 through a bearing, the gear signal plate spacer 19 is respectively arranged around the gear signal plate 18, and the gear signal plate The spacer sleeve 19 is parallel to the rotating shaft 22, the stud 16 passes through the gear signal plate 18, the gear signal plate spacer sleeve 19 is fixedly connected to the first mounting shell, the gear signal plate 18 is provided with a metal ring on the inner ring near the gear dividing disk 20, and its outer ring is nine circumferentially arranged gear signal contacts, the gear contact piece 21 is fixed along the radial direction of the gear dividing disk 20, one end of the gear contact piece 21 contacts the metal ring of the inner ring, and the other end contacts the gear signal contact of the outer ring, the gear driver 14 is arranged on the outside of the gear signal plate 18, and is in contact with the rotating shaft. 12 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the drive motor and the gear driver. One end of the gear driver 14 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 9. When the drive motor 13 is running, it drives the gear driver 14 to rotate. A shift pin is fixed on one side of the gear driver 14 and is parallel to it. The gear dividing disk 20 is a groove wheel with nine U-shaped grooves and a locking arc. The gear driver 14 uses the shift pin to drive the gear dividing disk 20 to rotate. When the gear dividing disk 20 rotates, it drives the gear contact piece 21 to rotate, thereby contacting different gear signal contacts.

[0071] As shown in the figure, Figure 13 is an exploded view of the power transmission mechanism of this embodiment. The power transmission mechanism 11 is located above the upper cover plate of the housing 4, and includes a driving shaft 24, a driving bevel gear 25, a driven bevel gear 27, a driven spur gear 30, a bearing seat 28, a driven shaft 29, and a bearing 26; one end of the driving shaft 24 is connected to the end of the gear driver 14 away from the drive motor 9, and the gear driver 14 rotates to drive the driving shaft 24 to rotate, the driving bevel gear 25 is fixed on the driving shaft 24, the driven bevel gear 27 is coaxial with the driven spur gear 30 and is fixed at both ends of the driven shaft 29, and the driven shaft 29 is supported on the bearing seat 28 through the bearing 26, and the bearing seat 28 is fixed on the housing 4. The driving bevel gear 25 is meshed with the driven bevel gear 27, driving the driven bevel gear 27 and the driven shaft 29 to rotate, and the driving wheel shaft 58 is provided with a transmission gear 12, which is meshed with the driven spur gear 30.

[0072] In this embodiment, the driving bevel gear 25, the driven bevel gear 27, the driven spur gear 30 and the transmission gear 12 cooperate to change the transmission direction, reduce the space occupancy of the power transmission mechanism 11, and miniaturize the internal structure of the switch, making the switch operation more stable.

[0073] The fixed partition disk rotating shaft 14 is a hollow sleeve structure with a pin, which is used to connect the output shaft of the driving motor and the driving shaft 24.

[0074] The driving motor drives the active bevel gear to rotate, and the rotation of the active bevel gear drives the driven bevel gear and the driven spur gear to rotate. The rotation of the driven spur gear drives the transmission gear and the driver cam to rotate. The driving cam's lever rotates and rotates the moving contact to a fixed angle by toggling the groove wheel. During this process, the cam disk drives the corresponding vacuum tube to perform on-off actions according to a predetermined timing sequence. At the same time, the moving contact clip rotates with the rotation of the turntable, and cooperates with the vacuum tube to switch from one fixed contact to the adjacent fixed contact according to a predetermined timing sequence, completing a voltage regulation gear conversion.

[0075] The driving motor 9 drives the gear driver 14 to rotate, and the gear driver 14 rotates the active bevel gear 25, the driven bevel gear 27 and the driven spur gear 30. The driven spur gear 30 rotates to drive the transmission gear 12, and then drives the transmission shaft 58 to rotate. The transmission shaft 58 drives the driver cam 59 to rotate. The driver cam 59 rotates the toggle groove wheel 45 to rotate the entire turntable 32. The turntable 32 has a timed drive movement of the moving contact 31 and the lifting lever 36. The moving contact 31 selects one of the corresponding nine static contacts 42 for connection. Specifically, the driver cam 59 rotates the cam structure on the cam disk 44 to drive the active rod 51 to move. The active rod 51 drives the driven rod 53 to move through the connecting shaft 52. The driven rod 53 drives the vacuum tube 35 to move, completing the conversion of the voltage regulating gear.

[0076] The driving mechanism in this embodiment is driven by a motor and a bevel gear pair. A driver cam at a fixed angle drives the turntable of each phase to rotate, thereby realizing the switching of the switch gear. When switching, the gear signal board switches synchronously, and the gear information is synchronously displayed on the external controller end. The vacuum tube is a single transition resistor double vacuum tube, and vacuum arc extinguishing is realized as the corresponding insulating fixed plate rotates when the switch gear is switched.

[0077] When the on-load voltage tap changer of this embodiment is working, the driving motor rotates, and the driving shaft 24 is driven to rotate through the gear driver 14. At the same time, the gear driver 14 will drive the gear dividing disk 20 to rotate through the shift pin, and the gear contact piece 21 thereon will rotate accordingly, and one end of the gear contact piece 21 slides on the inner ring of the gear signal plate 18, and the other end slides between the gear signal contacts on the outer ring of the gear signal plate 18, thereby realizing the switching of the gear signal; the rotation of the driving shaft 24 will drive the driving bevel gear 25 thereon to rotate, and further drive the driven bevel gear 27 meshing with it to rotate and the driven spur gear 30 fixed on the same driven shaft 29 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission gear 12 and the driver cam 59 to rotate; because the driver cam 59 cooperates with the grooved wheel 45 on the turntable 32, the rotation of the driver cam 59 will drive the turntable 32 to rotate by the shift pin, thereby realizing The moving contact clip 46 fixed on the turntable 32 switches from the currently contacted fixed contact 42 to the adjacent fixed contact (the next one in the rotation direction); since the two driver cams 59 on both sides of the insulating fixed plate 3 are fixed at an angle of 140°, when the turntable 32 on one side of the three-phase selector system 7 completes the gear switching, the other side immediately completes the gear switching and enters the gear shifting idle time. When the driver cam 59 rotates one circle, the three-phase selector system 7 completes a switching action; and in the process of rotation of the turntable 32, it will drive the lifting lever 36 in contact with one side of the cam plate 44 of the turntable 32 to rotate around the connecting shaft 52, and at the same time drive the vacuum tube lifting shaft 62 in contact with the roller at the other end of the lifting lever 36 to move longitudinally, and the longitudinal movement of the vacuum tube lifting shaft will control the separation and closing of the movable end of the vacuum tube and the fixed end 60 of the vacuum tube, thereby realizing the opening and closing action of the vacuum tube.

[0078] The above disclosure is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An on-load voltage-regulating tap changer, characterized in that: include: A switch body (2) and a driving mechanism (1) fixed on the switch body (2), wherein the switch body (2) comprises: Housing (4); A plurality of insulating fixing plates (3) are arranged in a row and fixed vertically at equal intervals on the bottom of the housing (4); A plurality of rotating disks (32), each of the rotating disks (32) comprising: a coaxially integrally formed groove wheel (45) and a cam plate (44), the cam plate (44) being rotatably connected to an insulating fixed plate (3), and the groove wheel (45) being connected to a driving mechanism (1) so as to rotate the groove wheel (45); A plurality of vacuum tubes (6) are respectively fixed on the insulating fixing plate (3) and are located on the same side as the cam plate (44); A plurality of transmission mechanisms, each of which comprises: a lifting lever (36) and a reverse thrust spring (37); the lifting lever (36) is hinged on the insulating fixing plate (3) and is located between the cam plate (44) and the vacuum tube (6); one end of the lifting lever (36) is in contact with the cam plate (44), and the other end is connected to the movable end (61) of the vacuum tube (6); the reverse thrust spring (37) is connected between the lifting lever (36) and the housing (4) to enable the movable end (61) of the vacuum tube (6) to move back and forth.

2. The on-load voltage-changing tap changer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch body (2) further comprises: a selector system (7), comprising: a moving contact (31), a stationary contact (42) and a moving contact lead post (43); the moving contact lead post (43) is fixed on the insulating fixed plate (3) and is perpendicular to the insulating fixed plate (3); the moving contact lead post (43) is connected to the movable end (61) of the vacuum tube (6) through a lead; the cam plate (44) is sleeved on the moving contact lead post (43) and is rotatably connected thereto; the stationary contact (42) is arranged around the outer side of the moving contact lead post (43) at equal intervals; the stationary contact (42) is fixedly connected to the insulating fixed plate (3); the moving contact (31) is fixed on the groove wheel (45); one end of the moving contact (31) is connected to the moving contact lead post (43) and the other end is movably connected to the stationary contact (42).

3. The on-load voltage-changing tap changer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving contact (31) comprises: a moving contact power supply guide seat (47), a pair of moving contact clips (46) and a moving contact rotating conductive clip (48); the moving contact power supply guide seat (47) is fixed on the groove wheel (45); a through hole is opened on the groove wheel (45) along its axial direction and passes through the cam plate (44); a pair of the moving contact clips (46) are inserted into the through hole; the moving contact clips (46) abut against the static contact (42) from both inner and outer sides thereof; the moving contact clips (46) are connected to one end of the moving contact power supply guide seat (47); a pair of the moving contact rotating conductive clips (48) are clamped on the moving contact lead column (43); and the moving contact rotating conductive clip (48) is connected to the other end of the moving contact power supply guide seat (47).

4. The on-load voltage-changing tap changer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable contact clip (46) and the movable contact rotating conductive clip (48) are respectively hinged to the movable contact power supply guide seat (47); spring shafts (49) are respectively passed through the two movable contact clips (46) and the movable contact rotating conductive clip (48); the spring shafts (49) are respectively perpendicular to the hinge shafts on the movable contact clip (46) and the movable contact rotating conductive clip (48); the spring shaft (49) is slidingly connected to the movable contact clip (46) and the movable contact rotating conductive clip (48) along its axial direction; and limit springs are respectively connected between the two ends of the spring shaft (49) and the movable contact clip (46) and the movable contact rotating conductive clip (48).

5. The on-load voltage-changing tap changer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The selector system (7) further comprises: a transition resistor mechanism (8), comprising: a transition resistor winding plate and a transition resistor (39) wound and fixed along the length direction of the transition resistor winding plate, wherein two ends of the transition resistor (39) are respectively connected to the movable contact lead post (43) and the movable end (61) of the vacuum tube (6) through lead wires.

6. The on-load voltage-changing tap changer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide block (38) is provided directly below the movable end (61) of the vacuum tube (6), and the guide block (38) is fixedly connected to the insulating fixed plate (3). A vacuum tube lifting shaft (62) is fixedly provided on the movable end (61) of the vacuum tube (6), and the vacuum tube lifting shaft (62) passes through the guide block (38) and is slidably connected to the guide block (38) along the axial direction of the vacuum tube lifting shaft (62). The end of the lifting lever (36) away from the cam plate (44) is connected to the vacuum tube lifting shaft (62).

7. The on-load voltage-changing tap changer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting lever (36) comprises: an active rod (51) and a driven rod (53) which are integrally formed, one end of the active rod (51) and the driven rod (53) being connected to each other and integrally formed, a connecting shaft (52) passing through the connection between the active rod (51) and the driven rod (53) and being rotatably connected thereto, the connecting shaft (52) being vertically fixedly connected to the insulating fixing plate (3), the other end of the active rod (51) being in contact with the cam plate (44), the other end of the driven rod (53) being provided with a U-shaped groove, the movable end (61) of the vacuum tube (6) being embedded in the U-shaped groove, a limiting protrusion being fixed between the movable end (61) of the vacuum tube (6) and the vacuum tube lifting shaft (62), the limiting protrusion being in contact with the U-shaped groove.

8. The on-load voltage-changing tap changer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The active rod (51) and the driven rod (53) are respectively provided with mounting grooves at their ends away from each other. The mounting grooves on the driven rod (53) are located on both sides of the U-shaped slot. A roller (50) is rotatably connected to the mounting groove. The rotating shaft of the roller (50) is parallel to the connecting shaft (52). The roller (50) is in contact with the cam plate (44) and the limiting protrusion.

9. The on-load voltage-changing tap changer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch body (2) further comprises: a driver system (5), comprising: a driving axle (58), a driver cam (59) and a lever, wherein the driving axle (58) is disposed on the insulating fixing plate (3) and is rotatably connected thereto, the axes of the driving axle (58) and the cam plate (44) are parallel to each other, the driving axle (58) is connected to the output end of the driving mechanism (1), a plurality of the driver cams (59) are sleeved on the driving axle (58), the lever is fixed to one end of the driver cam (59) away from the driving axle (58), the lever and the driving axle (58) are parallel to each other, and the lever is movably connected to the groove wheel (45).

10. The on-load voltage-changing tap changer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The driver cams (59) are distributed on both sides of each insulating fixed plate (3), and the included angle of the driver cams (59) on both sides of the insulating fixed plate (3) is 140°. Cam plates (44) and groove wheels (45) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the insulating fixed plate (3). The stationary contacts (42) are inserted into the insulating fixed plate (3), and the ends of adjacent stationary contacts (42) are alternately connected to the taps in the winding through leads.

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