MANCAL DE DESLIZAMENTO ESTRUTURAL E SISTEMA DE MANCAL ESTRUTURAL

Abstract

STRUCTURAL SLIDING BEARING AND STRUCTURAL BEARING SYSTEM. The present invention relates to a structural sliding bearing 210 for connecting a first structural part to a second structural part. The structural sliding bearing 210 has a bearing base 212 connectable to the first structural part, a sliding plate 216 connectable to the second structural part, and an intermediate bearing part 214 disposed between the bearing base 212 and the sliding plate 216, wherein a primary sliding surface 226 of the structural sliding bearing 210 is positioned between the intermediate bearing part 214 and the sliding plate 216.The primary sliding surface 226 has at least two partial sliding surfaces 228A and 228B, each arranged in the sliding planes 230A and 230B, angled to each other, the sliding planes 230A and 230B meeting on a common line of intersection S that forms a motion axis A of the structural sliding bearing 210 along which the sliding plate 216 can move. The two sliding planes 230A and 230B include a first angle α, the first angle α being selected so that no opening occurs in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface 226 when the structural sliding bearing 210 is in use. Furthermore, the invention relates to a structural bearing system 700 in which the advantageous principle of the structural sliding bearing 210 is applied.

Description

1 / 46 “STRUCTURAL SLIDING BEARING AND STRUCTURAL BEARING SYSTEM”

[0001] The present invention relates to a structural sliding bearing for connecting the first and second parts of the structure, and a structural bearing system having at least two sliding bearings for connecting at least two parts of a structure.

[0002] Generic structural plain bearings typically feature a bearing base that can be connected to the first part of the structure, a sliding plate that can be connected to a second part of the structure, and an intermediate bearing part disposed between the bearing base and the sliding plate. Therefore, the primary sliding surface of the structural plain bearing is generally disposed between the intermediate bearing part and the sliding plate, along which the sliding plate can slide in the operating state of the structural plain bearing. Together, several of these structural plain bearings form a structural bearing system with a correspondingly large number of connection points between the respective parts of the structure.

[0003] These structural sliding bearings or structural bearing systems used to connect a wide variety of structural parts are, in principle, sufficiently known in the state of the art.

[0004] Structural sliding bearings generally transmit vertical and horizontal loads and allow rotation, as well as relative displacements, when necessary. Structural sliding bearings are therefore a special type of structural sliding bearing that is generally used for the defined and, as far as possible, unrestricted support of any type of structure, such as bridges, especially for road and rail traffic, beams and buildings of any type, or parts thereof. Therefore, they allow relative movements between two parts of the structure in question, which may be caused, for example, by the use of the structure or by various external influences, such as wind or earthquakes. With the use of these structural sliding bearings or corresponding structural bearing systems, damage to the corresponding structures can be avoided, by Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, page 79 / 134 2 / 46 example.

[0005] According to DIN EN 1337, several models and operating modes of structural sliding bearings are known. Depending on the model and operating mode, they have different structures and varying degrees of freedom. Thus, structural sliding bearings can be designed as fixed bearings on all sides or bearings that can be displaced on all sides or on only one side. According to DIN 4141-13, there are also solutions employing locking devices to convert a guided bearing into a fixed bearing. The present invention relates specifically to uniaxially guided or unidirectionally displaceable structural sliding bearings, which allow for displacement movement of the sliding plate in a specific axial direction of the primary sliding surface. Fixed bearings, which are subsequently converted, are also relevant to the present invention.These uniaxially guided structural sliding bearings can be implemented, for example, as pot bearings or as spherical bearings. The two types of structural sliding bearings are schematically illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, and briefly explained below.

[0006] Fig. 1 shows a uniaxially guided structural sliding bearing in the form of a pot bearing 10, also called a pot bearing, as known in the prior art. As the figure shows, the pot bearing 10 has a pot bearing 12 as the base of the bearing, which can be connected to a first part of the structure. The “pan” support device 12 includes a machined recess 14 to receive an elastomeric pad 16, an internal seal 18 and a pan cover 20 which is the intermediate bearing part of the sliding “pan” support device 10.The pan lid 20 closes the opening of the “pan” support device 12 and rests level on the elastomeric pad 16 arranged below. Above the pan lid 20, the sliding plate 22 is positioned to be connected to a second part of the structure. Both the pan lid 20 and the sliding plate 22 are oriented horizontally, so that a primary horizontal sliding surface 24 of the... Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, page 80 / 134 3 / 46 sliding bearing of the “pan” support device 10 extends between these two components. To this end, a sliding material 26 is provided on the pan lid 20 to reduce friction between the pan lid 20 and the sliding plate 22. This enables the sliding plate 22 to slide along the primary sliding surface 24 with the least possible resistance.

[0007] The sliding bearing of the “pan” support device 10 can thus absorb forces or loads induced vertically through the sliding plate 22, the primary horizontal sliding surface 24, the pan lid 20 and the elastomeric pad 16 and transfer them to the “pan” support device 12 below. At the same time, the elastomeric pad 16 allows any rotation of the sliding “pan” support device 10. This occurs due to the point yielding of the elastomeric pad 16 in the area of ​​the force induced by the pan lid 20. The internal seal 18 is arranged in such a way that it is possible to prevent pressure from escaping from the elastomeric pad 16 through the opening between the wall of the “pan” support device and the lid of the device 20 as soon as a compressive load occurs on the elastomeric pad 16.In addition, an external seal can be placed between the lid of the support device 20 and the "pan" support device 12 to keep moisture and dirt away from the corresponding opening.

[0008] Furthermore, the sliding bearing of the support device 10 has a central guide rail 28 to achieve uniaxial displacement of the sliding plate 22. The central guide rail 28 is arranged above the cover of the support device 20 in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface 24 and engages with a corresponding groove of the sliding plate 22. Thus, the guide rail 28 defines the axis of movement of the sliding support device 10 insofar as it can absorb all horizontal forces transverse to the sliding direction. The two sliding surfaces between the guide rail 28 and the sliding plate 22 are arranged vertically along the axis of movement. Thus, horizontally acting forces are applied to the central guide rail 28 perpendicularly, from both sides, which can thus be effectively absorbed. The guide rail 28 also has a sliding material 30 along both sliding surfaces. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, page 81 / 134 4 / 46 vertical, initially lubricated. The friction between the guide rail 28 and the sliding plate 22 is thus reduced and the movement of the sliding plate 22 along the axis of movement is facilitated.

[0009] Thus, if horizontal forces act on the sliding support device 10 running parallel to the guide rail 28, the sliding plate 22 will move relative to the cover of the support device 20 below. These force components are therefore not absorbed and transmitted by the sliding support device 10. Corresponding movements of the structural parts can thus be compensated.

[0010] The situation is different in the case of horizontal forces acting transversely to the guide rail 28. The sliding plate 22 cannot perform any horizontal movement transverse to the guide rail 28. Therefore, these directed forces are absorbed and transmitted by the guide rail 28 or by the sliding support device 10. The corresponding movements of the structural parts cannot therefore be compensated.

[0011] In addition to the design illustrated in Fig. 1, there are also solutions in which the guide rail is formed in the sliding plate and the groove, in turn, is formed in the bearing cap. The basic functional principle discussed above regarding degrees of freedom and force transfer between the bearing cap and the sliding plate also applies here with the necessary modifications.

[0012] Fig. 2 illustrates a uniaxially guided structural sliding bearing in the form of a spherical bearing 110, as known from the prior art. The spherical bearing 110 includes a bearing base 112 that is connectable to a first part of the structure. Furthermore, the spherical bearing 110 has a cap 114 which is the intermediate bearing part of the spherical bearing 110. The cap 114 is convexly curved downwards and received in a correspondingly concave portion at the top of the bearing base 112. A secondary sliding surface 116 or secondary sliding surface of the spherical bearing 110 is thus formed between the cap 114 and the bearing base 112. A sliding material 118 is disposed in the area of ​​the secondary sliding surface 116 to allow the cap 114 to move within the concave portion of the bearing base 112 with the least possible resistance. Above Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, page 82 / 134 5 / 46 of the cap rests on the sliding plate 120, which can be connected to a second part of the structure. Thus, the main horizontal sliding surface 122 or primary sliding surface of the spherical bearing 110 is situated between the cap 114 and the sliding plate 120. A sliding material 124 is disposed in the cap 114 in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface 122 to reduce friction between the cap 114 and the sliding plate 120. Consequently, the sliding of the sliding plate 24 along the primary sliding surface 122 with the least possible resistance is also achieved here.

[0013] The spherical bearing 110 can thus absorb forces or loads acting vertically through the sliding plate 120, the primary horizontal sliding surface 122 and the cap 114, and transmit them to the bearing base 112. At the same time, the convex curvature of the cap 114 and the concave receiving portion of the bearing base 112 allow corresponding rotations of the cap 114 or the spherical bearing 110. This occurs here with the sliding of the cap 114 along the secondary sliding surface 116.

[0014] In this application, the uniaxial orientation of the spherical bearing 110 is implemented by two horizontal lateral guide rails 126. Each of them is positioned adjacent to the primary sliding surface 122 on the side of the bearing base 112 to engage with the sliding plate 120. Thus, any horizontal forces transverse to the two lateral guide rails 126 are also absorbed here, thereby defining the axis of movement of the spherical bearing 110. Here, as with the sliding support device 10, the sliding surfaces between the two lateral guide rails 126 and the sliding plate 120 are formed, each vertically along the axis of movement. Due to the vertical action of the horizontal forces on the sliding surfaces of the two guide rails 126, stronger force effects can also be effectively absorbed.Similarly, the two lateral guide rails 126 have sliding material 128 in the area of ​​the vertical sliding surfaces, which is initially lubricated. The friction between the two guide rails 126 and the sliding plate 120 can thus be considerably reduced, which facilitates the movement of the sliding plate 120 along the axis of movement. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, page 83 / 134 6 / 46

[0015] As soon as horizontal forces act on the spherical bearing 110 parallel to the two lateral guide rails 126, the sliding plate 120 moves relative to the underlying spherical bearing 110. Thus, these horizontal forces are not absorbed and transmitted by the spherical bearing 110. Corresponding movements of the structural parts can thus be compensated.

[0016] The opposite occurs with the horizontal forces acting transversely to the two lateral guide rails 126. The sliding plate 120 cannot perform corresponding horizontal movements in this direction. Thus, these horizontally directed forces are absorbed by the two lateral guide rails 126 or transmitted directly from the sliding plate 120 to the base of the bearing 112. The horizontal forces running transversely to the two lateral guide rails 126 are therefore absorbed by the spherical bearing 110. The corresponding movements of the structural parts cannot therefore be compensated.

[0017] Therefore, in the described forms of uniaxially guided structural sliding bearings, there is a functional separation between the transfer of vertical and horizontal force. While vertical loads are absorbed by the respective primary sliding surface of the intermediate part of the bearing, horizontal forces acting transversely to the axis of movement are transmitted to the corresponding guide rails. As stipulated in the DIN EN 1337-2:2004 standard for bearings used in the construction industry, in item 6.8, known structural sliding bearings are dimensioned in such a way that no openings occur in the area of ​​the primary horizontal sliding surface in the service state. In this disclosure, an opening is understood as a partial elevation within the sliding surface. Thus, a complete opening is decisive for the load-bearing capacity of the structural sliding bearing.

[0018] According to the DIN EN 1990:2010-12 standard concerning the fundamentals of structural design, the serviceability state extends up to and including the operational limit state. If the operational limit state is exceeded, the conditions specified for the serviceability state of a structure or component will no longer be met. Thus, limit states that affect the function of the structure or Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, page 84 / 134 7 / 46 one of its parts under normal conditions of use or the well-being of users or the appearance of the structure must also be classified as operational limit states.

[0019] In the case of special structural sliding bearings or structural bearing systems designed for extreme cases, such as earthquakes, the service state may still be present when the extreme case occurs. This also applies specifically to the condition existing after the triggering of any emergency and buffer function used only in extreme situations. Here, for example, a directed lifting of the sliding plate of the intermediate part of the bearing is triggered in the service state.

[0020] Although any orientations of surfaces, axes, and forces are described here as horizontal or vertical for simplicity, they are not limited to a strictly horizontal or vertical plane or direction. In this disclosure, these orientation indications refer only to the plane of motion of the structural sliding bearing or structural bearing system. This applies especially when the structural sliding bearing or structural bearing system is installed at an angle, for example. Thus, in this case, the orientation of the primary horizontal sliding surface may differ from a horizontal plane in the narrowest sense and, consequently, may also be inclined. The same applies to vertically oriented surfaces positioned perpendicularly to them and the corresponding force effects described.

[0021] Notwithstanding this proven principle of force transfer, it has been found that large quantities of dust, dirt, or other foreign matter can accumulate in the area of ​​railway structures, especially with the long-term use of these structural sliding bearings. If regular maintenance of the structural sliding bearings is not carried out, increased wear of the sliding material or impairment of the sliding action of the structural sliding bearing may occur. This is mainly due to the fact that in such rail structures there is a certain clearance between the respective components, which cannot be avoided in principle – in this particular case in the area of ​​the surfaces of Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, page 85 / 134 8 / 46 Vertical sliding between the guide rail and the sliding plate. Thus, there is usually a gap in the area of ​​the vertical guide surfaces when the structural sliding bearing is in use. This gap or opening also causes edge compression in the area of ​​the guide surfaces. The result is uneven force transmission within the structural sliding bearing, which can lead to greater and uneven wear of the sliding material. Furthermore, the guide surfaces of the rail structure can only be lubricated initially due to the gap, and a permanent supply of lubricant is not guaranteed. In addition, a sliding material capable of absorbing the high local compression must be used. Thus, ultimately, sliding materials that exhibit relatively poor sliding behavior due to relatively high coefficients of friction and relatively high wear resistance are used here.

[0022] Specifically, single-axis structural sliding bearings with a central guide rail can only be used in a limited way to support very high forces. On the other hand, when using two lateral guide rails, the bearing's rotation around the vertical axis is prevented. Ultimately, the structural sliding bearings described represent complex structures that, in turn, demand a great deal of effort in terms of installation space and manufacturing and maintenance costs. The same disadvantages affect structural bearing systems that feature such structural sliding bearings.

[0023] Therefore, the present invention proposes the presentation of an improved structural sliding bearing and structural bearing system which, on the one hand, are as simple as possible in terms of design and, on the other hand, operate for as long as possible without maintenance and reliably, even when subjected to increased forces, so that costs and effort can be reduced during manufacturing and during use.

[0024] According to the invention, the solution to the aforementioned problem is achieved with a structural sliding bearing according to claim 1 and a structural bearing system according to claim 21. Other Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, page 86 / 134 9 / 46 beneficial applications of the invention result from dependent claims 2 to 20 and dependent claims 22 to 36.

[0025] The structural sliding bearing provided for in the invention is thus characterized in that the primary sliding surface has at least two partial sliding surfaces, each arranged in sliding planes angled to each other, the sliding planes meeting on a common line of intersection that forms an axis of movement of the structural sliding bearing along which the sliding plate can move. Furthermore, the two sliding planes include a first angle, the first angle being selected so that there is no gap in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface in the operating state of the structural sliding bearing. In other words, a structural sliding bearing is free of play on all sliding surfaces.

[0026] The two sliding surfaces inclined relative to each other of the primary sliding surface combine the functions of transferring vertical and horizontal force within the structural sliding bearing. Any vertical forces, as well as horizontal forces acting transversely to the axis of movement, can now be absorbed by the primary sliding surface of the structural sliding bearing. The rail structures previously used in the center or on the sides are no longer necessary, as their functions are now fully performed by the primary sliding surface. Consequently, the structure of the structural sliding bearing is considerably simplified and the corresponding manufacturing costs can be reduced. The installation space, which is partly only available in a limited way, can also be considerably reduced.This applies not only to the omission of rail structures but also to the corresponding design of the slip plate. The sections or recesses in the slip plate for fitting into a rail structure are no longer necessary, meaning that the dimensions and, specifically, the thickness of the slip plate can be reduced. The omission of rail structures also eliminates the potential for dirt and foreign objects to enter this area due to a lateral gap. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, p. 87 / 134 10 / 46 movement.

[0027] The relationship between the maximum possible vertical force and the horizontal force of the structural sliding bearing can be ideally adjusted by tilting the two partial sliding surfaces relative to each other or by selecting the first angle. With the appropriate selection of the tilt of the two partial sliding surfaces relative to each other, an opening in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface in the service state of the structural sliding bearing can be avoided, even with the maximum horizontal force combined with the corresponding minimum vertical force. If, for example, the intention is to design the structural sliding bearing for higher horizontal loads, the two inclined partial sliding surfaces will be designed to be so steep relative to the acting horizontal forces that lifting of the intermediate sliding plate of the bearing will not occur in the service state of the structural sliding bearing.At the same time, a sliding material with the lowest possible friction can be used in the primary sliding surface area to facilitate the movement of the sliding plate in the direction of the axis of motion.

[0028] Due to continuous and uniform compression on the primary sliding surface area, permanently lubricated sliding materials, such as those known from the DIN EN 1337-2:2004 standard for bearings used in the construction industry, are now also suitable for guidance. They exhibit a low coefficient of friction and particularly low wear resistance. In tests carried out by the applicant, it has already been possible to determine a resistance with sliding materials corresponding to a cumulative sliding distance on the present primary guiding sliding surface that is up to 25 times greater than on the initially lubricated, previously separated guiding surfaces.

[0029] Furthermore, the two partial sliding surfaces, which are angled relative to each other, allow continuous self-centering of the sliding plate in the intermediate part of the structural sliding bearing relative to the axis of movement. Therefore, the sliding plate is always ideally positioned relative to the intermediate part of the bearing, and possible pressures on the Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, page 88 / 134 11 / 46 edge along the axis of movement. The bearing clearance due to any guide rails simply no longer exists.

[0030] Preferably, the primary sliding surface should have exactly two, but preferably only two, partial sliding surfaces. In this way, the structural sliding bearing described in the invention will be as simple as possible. The two inclined partial sliding surfaces can, for example, form a continuous primary sliding surface that bends only once in the area of ​​the axis of movement. Here, in addition to the sliding planes angled with each other, the two mutually inclined partial sliding surfaces also intersect along the axis of movement. Alternatively, the two inclined partial sliding surfaces can also be formed separately from each other in their respective sliding planes.

[0031] Preferably, the structural sliding bearing should be a uniaxially guided structural sliding bearing, in which the sliding plate can only move along the axis of movement relative to the intermediate part of the bearing. This ensures that the structural sliding bearing does not allow any other movements of the sliding plate besides those along the axis of movement relative to the intermediate part of the bearing. The structural sliding bearing can thus be used specifically when horizontal movements in a single direction are permitted.

[0032] Preferably, the two sliding planes will be arranged so that the line of intersection runs horizontally. This means that the axis of motion of the structural sliding bearing will also be horizontal. With this configuration, the structural sliding bearing will be loaded as uniformly as possible in terms of force transfer. Furthermore, the sliding plate will be able to move uniformly with identical resistance in both directions of the axis of motion. As explained above, horizontal alignment should be understood in relation to the plane of motion of the structural sliding bearing. Thus, the line of intersection may also have a different orientation from a horizontal line in the strictest sense. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, page 89 / 134 12 / 46

[0033] Conveniently, the first angle is selected in such a way that in the maximum limit state of the structural sliding bearing, no opening occurs in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface. If, from the service state, the loads on the structural sliding bearing are further increased, the maximum limit state will occur. According to the DIN EN 1990:2010-12 standard concerning the fundamentals of structural design, this state is related to collapse or other forms of structural failure. Thus, limit states that affect the safety of people and / or the safety of the structure should also be classified as maximum limit states. This offers the advantage that, even in this state, it is still guaranteed that no opening occurs in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface or that the sliding plate does not lift the intermediate part of the bearing.

[0034] Conveniently, the primary sliding surface will have a permanently lubricated sliding material, preferably PTFE, UHMWPE, POM and / or PA. Due to the permanently lubricated sliding material in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface, the friction between the sliding plate and the intermediate part of the bearing can be considerably reduced. Due to the existence of at least two partial sliding surfaces angled relative to each other, a sliding material with a low coefficient of friction can be used here. Large horizontal forces can already be absorbed by a corresponding inclination of the inclined partial sliding surfaces. This facilitates the sliding of the sliding plate along the axis of movement. Preferably, the sliding material should have a coefficient of friction not exceeding 0.03 for the nominal value of compression in the sliding material.

[0035] Conveniently, the sliding material has at least one lubricated sliding disc, which should preferably have at least one lubrication pocket. Prefabricated lubrication pockets can store the lubricant and distribute it evenly over the sliding surface. This results in a sliding material with a particularly low degree of wear and a low coefficient of friction. This facilitates the sliding movement of the sliding plate along the axis of motion and increases the maintenance intervals of the bearing. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 90 / 134 13 / 46 structural slippage.

[0036] Preferably, at least two partial sliding surfaces inclined towards each other will be arranged so that the corresponding sliding planes take the form of a pitched roof. The pitched roof is designed in such a way that the intersection line or axis of movement forms the ridge of the pitched roof. The shape of a pitched roof has the specific advantage of avoiding, as far as possible, any accumulation of dirt and foreign bodies in the area of ​​at least two partial sliding surfaces inclined towards each other. This applies especially in the area of ​​the axis of movement, since it represents the highest point of the pitched roof as the ridge of the roof.

[0037] Preferably, at least two partial sliding surfaces inclined relative to each other will be arranged so that the corresponding sliding planes take the form of an inverted pitched roof. Here, too, the pitched roof is designed so that the intersection line or axis of movement forms the ridge of the pitched roof. Due to the shape of the inverted roof, it is possible to make the sliding plate stronger in the center, which is subject to the highest loads, than at the edge, without requiring more installation space in the vertical direction. Thus, despite the increased loads, the installation space can again be reduced.

[0038] Furthermore, at least two partial sliding surfaces inclined towards each other can be formed symmetrically with respect to a plane of symmetry that intersects the line of intersection in the vertical direction. The symmetrical arrangement of at least two mutually inclined partial sliding surfaces results in better self-centering of the sliding plate in the middle part of the bearing. Moreover, it is advantageous, especially in the case of balanced force application on all sides, that the displacement conditions of the sliding plate in both directions along the axis of motion be as homogeneous as possible. Furthermore, the structural sliding bearing has a simple design and is therefore economical to manufacture. As detailed above, the vertical direction Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 91 / 134 14 / 46 should be understood in relation to the plane of movement of the building's sliding bearing. Thus, the vertical direction may also have a different orientation from the vertical in the more restricted sense.

[0039] Preferably, at least two sliding surfaces inclined relative to each other of the primary sliding surface should be of different sizes. This design will prove particularly advantageous when horizontal forces of different magnitudes act on the structural sliding bearing from different directions. Thus, the structural sliding bearing provided for in the invention can be specifically designed to absorb greater acting forces from a given horizontal direction transverse to the axis of movement than from a direction opposite to it. This can prevent the occurrence of an opening or the sliding plate from lifting even if the applied force is unequal. Alternatively or complementarily, the two open angles between the plane of symmetry and the respective inclined partial sliding surface can also be of different sizes.

[0040] Conveniently, at least one sliding plane will be inclined downwards relative to the horizontal plane by a second angle between 0 and 10 degrees, preferably 6 degrees. For clarity, it should be noted here that, due to the inclined arrangement of the sliding plane relative to the horizontal, the limit value of 0 degrees should not be considered inclusive for the specified range. With a second, more inclined angle, correspondingly higher horizontal forces, transverse to the axis of movement, can be absorbed by the respective inclined partial sliding surface. At the same time, it is still possible to use a sliding material with a low coefficient of friction in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface. On the one hand, this prevents the formation of gaps or even the lifting of the sliding plate from the intermediate part of the bearing. On the other hand, it ensures that the sliding plate moves along the axis of movement with the least possible resistance.As detailed above, the horizontal plane should be understood in relation to the plane of movement of the structural sliding bearing. Thus, the horizontal plane can also have a different orientation from a horizontal plane in the stricter sense. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 92 / 134 15 / 46 Specifically, preferably, the second angle will correspond at least to the acceptable friction to be applied to the design.

[0041] Furthermore, the first angle can be between 160 degrees and 180 degrees, preferably 168 degrees. For clarity, it should be noted here that, due to the mutually inclined arrangement of the sliding planes, the 180-degree edge value should not be considered inclusive for the specified range. With a more acute first angle, correspondingly higher horizontal forces can be absorbed transversely to the axis of movement by the respective inclined partial sliding surface. At the same time, it is still possible to use a sliding material with a low coefficient of friction in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface. On the one hand, this prevents the formation of gaps or even the lifting of the sliding plate from the intermediate part of the bearing. On the other hand, it ensures that the sliding plate moves along the axis of movement with the least possible resistance.

[0042] Preferably, the sliding plate will have several parts, and the distance between the corresponding parts of the sliding plate will be adjustable. With this arrangement of the structural sliding bearing described in the invention, a simple height adjustment is provided. Specifically, it is possible to adjust the distance between the sliding plate or parts of the sliding plate and the bearing base. Thus, the distance between the two parts of the structure is also changed. Conveniently, the sliding plate is divided into two parts of the sliding plate. In this simplest form, one part of the sliding plate is positioned along each of the two mutually inclined partial sliding surfaces.If the two parts of the sliding plate are now pushed synchronously towards each other or in opposite directions, along the corresponding sliding planes transverse to the axis of movement, the horizontal distance between the two parts of the sliding plate and the base of the structural sliding bearing will also change. If, on the other hand, only one of the two parts of the sliding plate is moved in this way, for example, or if both parts of the sliding plate are moved asynchronously, the second part of the structure will tilt in its position relative to the first part of the structure. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 93 / 134 16 / 46

[0043] The structural sliding bearing is also designed as a “pan” type bearing, in which the intermediate part of the bearing has a cover and the base of the bearing has a “pan” receptacle together with an elastomeric pad. Through the cover of the bearing and the elastomeric pad underneath, the vertical acting forces can be effectively transmitted from the sliding plate to the “pan” receptacle. At the same time, torsion between the sliding plate and the “pan” is enabled.

[0044] Alternatively, the structural sliding bearing is designed as a spherical bearing in which the intermediate part of the bearing has a cap. The cap has a convex portion and the base of the bearing has a corresponding concave portion, with the convex portion of the cap being arranged so as to slide on the concave portion of the base of the bearing. Again, through the cap, the vertical acting forces are effectively transmitted from the sliding plate to the base of the bearing. Similarly, torsion between the sliding plate and the base of the bearing is made possible. Combined with the design of at least two partial sliding surfaces inclined towards each other in the form of an inverted sloping roof, the eccentricities of the acting horizontal forces are also considerably reduced. At the same time, the sliding plate is thicker in the center, which is subject to higher stresses than the edge.This means that the entire sliding plate can be thinner and therefore produced more economically.

[0045] Preferably, the concave portion of the bearing base has a recess at a lower pole, so that in the recess area the convex portion of the cap does not come into contact with the concave portion of the bearing base. The lower pole is understood to be the lowest point of the concave portion of the bearing base. The recess at the lower pole increases the radius of inertia and, while the outer diameter remains the same, the pressure increases with the reduction in pressure area so that friction and therefore torsional resistance, i.e., the acting torque, is reduced. This reduces the risk of opening. Consequently, the counter-compression of the acting vertical load increases compared to the compression of the horizontal lifting force. This relationship can be controlled by the diameter of the recess. Thus, by one. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 94 / 134 On the 17 / 46 side, even greater forces can be absorbed by the structural sliding bearing – even without increasing the primary sliding surface. On the other hand, the structural sliding bearing can be individually adjusted and designed in combination with at least two partial sliding surfaces inclined relative to each other from the primary sliding surface. Thus, both the choice of the first angle and the choice of the recess diameter offer the possibility of adjusting the ratio between absorbable vertical forces and horizontal forces.

[0046] Preferably, the recess will be circularly centered on the lower pole. With this arrangement, a uniform influence of absorbable vertical forces and horizontal forces of different directions of action results. Similarly, any forces acting on the bearing will be transmitted uniformly from the cap to the lower part of the bearing. An elliptical recess with a corresponding uniform force transfer displacement would also be conceivable.

[0047] Conveniently, a sliding material, preferably a sliding polymer disc, is placed on the concave portion of the lower part of the bearing, and a recess is formed in the sliding material. The sliding material or the sliding polymer disc can reduce friction in the secondary sliding surface area of ​​the spherical bearing. To this end, the sliding material is basically in contact with the convex portion of the cap. Thus, the recess in the sliding material prevents contact with the cap in this area to provide the advantages discussed above. In addition, the recess in the sliding material is also easy to manufacture. For example, an annular sliding polymer washer can be used, attached to the concave portion of the bearing base in the secondary sliding surface area.

[0048] Conveniently, the structural sliding bearing further comprises at least one stop between the sliding plate and the bearing base. The stop can be configured in any way to limit the movement of the sliding plate relative to the bearing base by a predetermined amount. Thus, the structural sliding bearing can also be converted into a fixed bearing. On the one hand, this bearing does not exhibit flexibility of movement transversely to the mutually inclined partial sliding surfaces. On the other hand, it Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 95 / 134 18 / 46 exhibits low torsional strength.

[0049] The structural bearing system described in the invention comprises at least two sliding bearings, for connecting at least two structural parts. Each sliding bearing comprises a bearing base connectable to a first structural part, a sliding plate connectable to a second structural part, and an intermediate bearing part disposed between the bearing base and the sliding plate. At least one main flat sliding surface of the sliding bearing is disposed between the intermediate bearing element and the sliding plate.Furthermore, the structural bearing system is characterized by the fact that the two sliding bearings form a bearing pair in which the primary sliding surface of the first sliding bearing is arranged in a first sliding plane angled with respect to the horizontal plane, and the primary sliding surface of the second sliding bearing is arranged in a second sliding plane angled with respect to the horizontal plane. The sliding planes meet on a common line of intersection that forms an axis of movement of the bearing pair along which the sliding plates can move.

[0050] The advantages of the structural sliding bearing described in the invention, as previously explained, are realized here with a corresponding structural bearing system. The two primary sliding surfaces of the first sliding bearing and the second sliding bearing, which are inclined relative to each other, achieve a functional unification of vertical and horizontal force transfer in the bearing pair and, therefore, also of the entire structural bearing system. Thus, any vertical forces, as well as horizontal forces acting transversely to the axis of movement, can now be absorbed by the primary sliding surfaces of the first sliding bearing and the second sliding bearing. While the first sliding bearing can absorb horizontal forces from only one specific direction transverse to the axis of movement, horizontal forces from the opposite direction are absorbed by the second sliding bearing.The two sliding bearings complement each other to... Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 96 / 134 19 / 46 enable the functions and advantages of the structural sliding bearing described earlier as a structural bearing system.

[0051] Consequently, centrally or laterally mounted rail structures are no longer necessary here, since the horizontal force transfer is carried out entirely by the inclined primary sliding surfaces of both sliding bearings. This considerably simplifies the design of the individual sliding bearings and, consequently, the corresponding structural bearing system. The corresponding manufacturing costs can be significantly reduced. The installation space, which is partly only available in a limited way, can also be reduced. This applies not only to the rail structures but also to the complementary sliding plates. The sections or recesses for fitting with a guide rail are no longer necessary in the sliding plate. The dimensions and, specifically, the thickness of the sliding plate can be significantly reduced.Similarly, omitting rail structures also eliminates the potential entry of dirt and foreign objects into this area due to lateral movement. Ultimately, sliding materials with permanent lubrication and considerably reduced friction and wear can also be used here with the guide surfaces.

[0052] Furthermore, the two inclined primary sliding surfaces continuously center the system composed of the two sliding plates and the connected structure in relation to the axis of movement defined by the two sliding bearings. This system is thus ideally positioned at all times in relation to the intermediate bearing parts of the two sliding bearings, and possible edge pressures along the axis of movement can be avoided. In addition, bearing clearance due to the guide rails used will cease to exist. This arrangement is therefore particularly advantageous in the construction of bridges for high-speed rail lines. Here, it is essential to avoid a corresponding lateral displacement.

[0053] The placement of the two sliding plates separated from the two bearings of Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 97 / 134 The 20 / 46 slide provides another simple height adjustment. Specifically, it is possible to adjust the distance between the two slide plates and their respective bearing base parts. Thus, the distance between the two parts of the structure is also altered. If the two slide plates are pushed synchronously towards each other or in different directions along the corresponding sliding planes transverse to the axis of movement, the horizontal distance between the two slide plates and the respective bases of the two slide bearings will also change. If, on the other hand, only one of the two slide plates is moved in this way, for example, or if there is also a desynchronized displacement of both slide plates, the second part of the structure will be tilted in its position relative to the first part of the structure. Alternatively, the two slide plates can also be formed as a single piece.

[0054] As explained earlier, the horizontal plane must be understood in relation to the plane of movement of the structural support system. Thus, the horizontal can also have a different orientation from a horizontal plane in the more restricted sense.

[0055] Conveniently, no less than two sliding bearings are designed as sliding and rocker bearings. Conceivable, for example, would be spherical bearings, which bring with them the advantages described above. Alternatively, no less than two sliding bearings can be designed as elastomer bearings. In addition to their sliding properties, they also have deformation properties in the intermediate part of the bearing, where rotation and point loads can be compensated particularly effectively.

[0056] Conveniently, the first sliding plane and the second sliding plane enclose a first angle, the first angle being selected so that no opening occurs in the area of ​​the primary sliding surfaces when the structural bearing system is in use. The relationship between the maximum possible vertical force and the horizontal force that can be absorbed by the structural bearing system can be defined by the inclination of the two primary sliding surfaces relative to each other or by selecting the first angle. This Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 98 / 134 21 / 46 can be achieved without needing to adjust the dimensions of the individual primary sliding surfaces. With the appropriate selection of the inclination of the two primary sliding surfaces relative to each other, it is possible to avoid the formation of a gap in the area of ​​the primary sliding surfaces even with the maximum horizontal force combined with the corresponding minimum vertical force in the service state of the structural bearing system. If, for example, the structural bearing system is designed for higher horizontal loads, the two inclined primary sliding surfaces will be designed to be so inclined against the respective horizontal force acting on them that no gap occurs or even the sliding plates lift from the respective intermediate bearing parts in the service state of the structural bearing system.At the same time, a sliding material with the lowest possible friction can be used in the area of ​​the primary sliding surfaces in order to facilitate the movement of the sliding plates in the direction of the axis of movement as much as possible.

[0057] Preferably, the pair of bearings will be a uniaxially guided pair of bearings, in which the sliding plates can only move along the axis of motion relative to the intermediate parts of the bearing. This ensures that the structural bearing system does not allow any other movements of the sliding plates besides those along the axis of motion relative to the intermediate parts of the bearing. The structural bearing system can thus be used specifically when horizontal movements in a single direction are permitted.

[0058] Preferably, the first sliding plane and the second sliding plane should be arranged so that the line of intersection runs horizontally. Thus, the axis of movement of the bearing pair will also run horizontally. With this configuration, the bearing pair will be uniformly loaded in terms of force transfer. Furthermore, the sliding plates will be able to move uniformly with the same resistance in both directions of the axis of movement. As explained earlier, the horizontal orientation should be understood in relation to the plane of movement of the structural bearing system. Thus, the line of intersection may also have a different orientation than Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 99 / 134 22 / 46 a horizontal line in the strictest sense.

[0059] Conveniently, the first angle is selected in such a way that in the maximum limit state of the structural bearing system, no opening occurs in the area of ​​the primary sliding surfaces. If the loads on the structural bearing system increase further after the service state, the maximum limit state will occur. According to the DIN EN 1990:2010-12 standard concerning the fundamentals of structural design, this state is related to collapse or other forms of structural failure. Thus, limit states that affect the safety of people and / or the safety of the structure should also be classified as maximum limit states. Therefore, even in this state, it is still guaranteed that no opening will occur in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface or that the sliding plate will not lift the intermediate part of the bearing.

[0060] Conveniently, at least one primary sliding surface will have a permanently lubricated sliding material, preferably PTFE, UHMWPE, POM, and / or PA. The permanently lubricated sliding material in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface can considerably reduce the friction between the sliding plate and the intermediate part of the bearing. Due to the inclined primary sliding surfaces, a sliding material with a low coefficient of friction can be used here. Large horizontal forces can already be absorbed by an appropriate inclination of the primary partial sliding surfaces. This facilitates the sliding of the sliding plate along the axis of movement. Preferably, the sliding material should have a coefficient of friction not exceeding 0.03 for the nominal value of compression in the sliding material.

[0061] Preferably, the sliding material should have at least one lubricated sliding disc, which preferably has at least one lubrication pocket. Prefabricated lubrication pockets can store the lubricant and distribute it evenly over the sliding surface. This results in a sliding material with a particularly low degree of wear and a low coefficient of friction. This facilitates the sliding movement of the corresponding sliding plate along the axis of movement and increases the maintenance intervals of the system. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 100 / 134 23 / 46 structural bearing.

[0062] Conveniently, at least two primary sliding surfaces inclined towards each other are arranged in such a way that the corresponding sliding planes take the form of a pitched roof. The pitched roof is designed in such a way that the intersection line or axis of movement forms the ridge of the pitched roof. The shape of a pitched roof has the particular advantage that any accumulation of dirt and foreign bodies in the area of ​​the primary sliding surfaces is avoided as far as possible. This applies particularly in the area of ​​the axis of movement when the first and second sliding bearings are installed in close proximity, since the axis of movement that functions as the ridge of the roof represents the highest point of the pitched roof.

[0063] Conveniently, at least two primary sliding surfaces inclined towards each other are arranged so that the corresponding sliding planes take the form of an inverted pitched roof. Here, too, the pitched roof is designed so that the intersection line or axis of movement forms the ridge of the pitched roof. Due to the inverted roof shape, it is possible to make the respective sliding plate stronger at the end towards the axis of movement without requiring more installation space in the vertical direction. Thus, despite the increased loads, the installation space can again be reduced.

[0064] Conveniently, at least two primary sliding surfaces inclined towards each other are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane of symmetry that crosses the line of intersection in the vertical direction. The arrangement described in the invention allows for better self-centering of the system consisting of both sliding plates and the connected structure with respect to the axis of motion defined by the two sliding bearings. Furthermore, it is advantageous, especially in the case of balanced force application from all sides, that the displacement conditions of the respective sliding plate in both directions along the axis of motion are as homogeneous as possible. In addition, the Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 101 / 134 The 24 / 46 structural bearing system has a simple design and is therefore economical to manufacture. As detailed above, the vertical direction should be understood in relation to the plane of movement of the building's support system. Thus, the vertical direction can also have a different orientation from vertical in the more restricted sense.

[0065] Preferably, at least two primary angular sliding surfaces will have different sizes. This design is particularly advantageous when horizontal forces of different magnitudes act on the structural bearing system from different directions. In this way, the structural bearing system described in the invention can be specially designed to be able to absorb more intense acting forces from a specific horizontal direction transverse to the axis of movement than from a direction opposite to it. Thus, the occurrence of an opening or even the lifting of the sliding plate can be guaranteed even in the case of irregular force application.

[0066] Conveniently, at least one sliding plane is inclined downwards relative to the horizontal plane by a second angle between 0 degrees and 10 degrees, preferably 6 degrees. For clarity, it is noted here that due to the angled arrangement of the sliding planes relative to the horizontal plane, the limit value of 0 degrees should not be considered inclusive for the specified range. With a second, more inclined angle, correspondingly higher horizontal forces transverse to the axis of motion can be absorbed by the respective inclined primary sliding surfaces. At the same time, it is still possible to use a sliding material with a low coefficient of friction in the area of ​​the primary sliding surfaces. On the one hand, this prevents the formation of gaps or even the lifting of the sliding plate from the intermediate part of the bearing. On the other hand, it ensures that the sliding plate moves along the axis of motion with the least possible resistance.As detailed above, the horizontal plane should be understood in relation to the plane of motion of the structural bearing system. Thus, the horizontal can also have a different orientation from a horizontal plane in the more restricted sense. Specifically, preferably, the second angle will correspond at least to the acceptable friction to be applied to the design. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 102 / 134 25 / 46

[0067] Preferably, the first angle should be between 160 degrees and 180 degrees, preferably 168 degrees. For clarity, note here that, due to the angled arrangement of the sliding planes, the 180-degree edge value should not be considered inclusive for the specified range. With a more acute first angle, correspondingly more intense horizontal forces transverse to the axis of movement can be absorbed by the respective inclined primary sliding surfaces. At the same time, it is still possible to use a sliding material with a low coefficient of friction in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface. On the one hand, this prevents the formation of gaps or even the lifting of the sliding plate from the intermediate part of the bearing. On the other hand, it ensures that the sliding plate moves along the axis of movement with the least possible resistance.

[0068] Conveniently, the first sliding bearing and / or the second sliding bearing has a stop device, preferably lateral, which limits the movement of the sliding plate relative to the bearing base. A rotation of the second part of the structure relative to the first part of the structure is thus neutralized. Preferably, the stop device will be designed so that a torque acting on the second part of the structure is supported around an axis parallel to the axis of movement. The stop device can be designed, for example, as a one-piece stop or a multi-piece stop. In one example presented, the stop device is fixed to the bearing base.

[0069] Conveniently, the stop device is arranged on one side of the respective sliding bearing, facing or inclined away from the axis of movement. This arrangement allows for the absorption of torques acting on the second part of the structure around an axis parallel to the axis of movement. Preferably, the stop device will be arranged on the side of the sliding bearing higher in the vertical direction. This offers the advantage that, in the case of small or negligible torques, mainly the vertical force component of the dead weight will act on the bearing in relation to the operationally induced overload. The stop device is thus entirely free of forces. This considerably reduces wear on the stop device and increases its service life. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 103 / 134 26 / 46

[0070] Conveniently, the stop device features an adjustment device for adjusting the position of the stop device. With the adjustment device, the stop device can be ideally and precisely adjusted in relation to the individual components of the sliding bearing, depending on the situation. The adjustment device can be implemented, for example, by means of a screw connection. It is also conceivable that the adjustment device features an electric motor for adjusting the position of the stop device in a particularly precise and / or automatic manner.

[0071] Preferably, the stop device will have a sliding device to guide the sliding plate in a direction parallel to the axis of movement. The sliding device allows the stop device to continue moving the sliding plate relative to the bearing base, along the axis of movement, with the least possible friction, despite its function of limiting movement in the direction of or opposite to the axis of movement. In one application, the sliding device is designed as a sliding strip.

[0072] Conveniently, the structural bearing system has at least two pairs of bearings and a shaft. The bearing pairs are successively arranged along the shaft, the primary sliding surfaces inclined towards each other being arranged so that the corresponding sliding planes of the bearing pairs alternately take the form of a sloping roof and the form of an inverted downward sloping roof along the shaft. Preferably, the shaft would have a straight shape. A curved shaft would also be conceivable, as might be the case, for example, of a road, a track or a pipeline. The alternating arrangement of the primary sliding surfaces allows possible torsional torques of the structure to be absorbed in a directed manner.

[0073] Preferably, the structural bearing system will have at least two pairs of bearings and a shaft. The pairs of bearings are arranged successively along the shaft, the primary sliding surfaces inclined towards each other are arranged so that the corresponding sliding planes of the pairs of bearings alternately take the form of a sloping roof and the form Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 104 / 134 27 / 46 of an inverted pitched roof every second pair of bearings along the axis. Preferably, the axis would have a straight shape. A curved axis would also be conceivable, as might be the case, for example, of a road, a runway, or a pipeline. This principle can be applied especially when several single-span beams are supported one behind the other along the axis by the structural bearing system. Here, one end of each single-span beam is supported by a pair of bearings. At the connection points between the single-span beams, a constant arrangement of the primary sliding surfaces of both pairs of bearings is adopted in each case. Thus, in case of transverse expansion in the structure, a height displacement at the junction between the two single-span beams will be as small as possible. Preferably, the inclination of the primary sliding surfaces will also be identical for two successive sliding bearings along the axis in the area of ​​the connection point.This can further reduce the risk of height misalignment.

[0074] The structural sliding bearing and structural bearing system described in the invention are therefore as simple as possible in terms of design and, at the same time, can operate for a long time without maintenance and reliably under increased forces. The costs and efforts involved in the manufacture and during the operation of the structural sliding bearing and structural bearing system are reduced.

[0075] Next, the advantageous applications of the present invention will be described schematically by referring to figures, where Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a uniaxially guided "pan" type support device as known from the state of the art and described in the introductory part of this material; Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a uniaxially guided spherical bearing as known from the prior art and described in the introductory part of this material; Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of a structural sliding bearing in the form of a spherical bearing, according to a first proposed application; Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 105 / 134 28 / 46 Fig. 4 shows an exploded view of the structural sliding bearing illustrated in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 shows a schematic top view of the structural sliding bearing illustrated in Fig. 3 with the sliding plate removed; Fig. 6 shows a cross-section along line AA illustrated in Fig. 5; Fig. 7 shows a cross-section along line BB illustrated in Fig. 5; Fig. 8 shows a sequence of schematic cross-sectional representations of a structural sliding bearing in the form of a spherical bearing, according to a second proposed application, which illustrates a height adjustment of the structural sliding bearing; Fig. 9 shows an exploded view of a structural sliding bearing in the form of a spherical bearing, according to a third proposed application; Fig. 10 shows an exploded view of a structural sliding bearing in the form of a spherical bearing, according to a fourth proposed application; Fig. 11 shows an exploded view of a structural sliding bearing in the form of a "pan" type bearing device, according to a fifth proposed application; Fig. 12 shows a schematic side view of a structural bearing system, according to a first proposed application; Fig. 13 shows a schematic side view of a structural bearing system, according to a second proposed application; Fig. 14 shows a schematic side view of a structural bearing system, according to a third proposed application; Fig. 15 shows a schematic top view of a structural bearing system, according to a fourth proposed application; and Fig. 16 shows a schematic top view of a structural bearing system, according to a fifth proposed application. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 106 / 134 29 / 46

[0076] Identical components presented in various applications are identified with the same reference marks.

[0077] Figures 3 to 7 illustrate the schematic structure of a structural sliding bearing 210 corresponding to a particularly advantageous first application. The structural sliding bearing 210 is designed in the form of a uniaxially guided spherical bearing and, for power transmission, has a bearing base 212, which can be connected to a first part of the structure, a cap as an intermediate part of the bearing 214 and a sliding plate 216, which can be connected to a second part of the structure.

[0078] The base of the bearing 212 has a concave part 218, where the cap can be received by sliding means by the convex part 220. Thus, between the convex part 220 of the cap and the concave part 218 of the base of the bearing 212 is the secondary sliding surface 222 of the structural sliding bearing 210. In the area of ​​the secondary sliding surface 222, a sliding material 224, in the form of a sliding polymer disc, is disposed in the concave part 218 of the base of the bearing 212. This can reduce the friction between the convex part 220 of the cap and the concave part 218 of the base of the bearing 212. The movement of the cap relative to the base of the bearing 212 is thus facilitated and the structural sliding bearing 210 allows rotation around the vertical and horizontal axes.

[0079] As especially shown in the exploded view of Fig. 4, the sliding plate 216 rests by sliding on the cap to be connected to the second part of the structure above. Thus, the primary sliding surface 226 of the structural sliding bearing 210 is disposed between the cap and the sliding plate 216. As illustrated in the plan view of Fig. 5 and in the cross-sections of Figs. 6 and 7, the primary sliding surface 226 has two partial sliding surfaces 228A and 228B, inclined relative to each other. Both partial sliding surfaces 228A and 228B are arranged in two sliding planes angled to each other 230A and 230B, which meet on a common horizontal intersection line S. The intersection line S forms the axis of movement A of the structural sliding bearing 210, along which the sliding plate 216 can move. Thus, the following can be done Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 107 / 134 30 / 46 appropriate displacements of the first part of the structure in relation to the second part of the structure.

[0080] The two partial sliding surfaces 228A and 228B, which are inclined relative to each other, are arranged so that the corresponding sliding planes 230A and 230B take the form of a sloping roof. It would also be conceivable here to have the form of an inverted sloping roof (not illustrated), in each case with the axis of movement A forming the ridge of the sloping roof. Furthermore, the two partial sliding surfaces inclined relative to each other, 228A and 228B, are of equal size and are formed symmetrically relative to each other and to a plane of symmetry E that extends through the line of intersection S in the vertical direction. Alternatively, the two partial sliding surfaces inclined relative to each other, 228A and 228B, may also be of different sizes (not illustrated).

[0081] In addition, the primary sliding surface 226 has a sliding material 232 to reduce friction between the cap and the sliding plate 216. In this case, each of the two partial sliding surfaces inclined to each other, 228A and 228B, has a permanently lubricated sliding polymer disc, each mounted in a recess 234 in the cap. The sliding polymer disc is made of PTFE, UHMWPE, POM and / or PA and has pre-formed lubrication pockets in which the lubricant can be stored and evenly distributed over the entire contact surface. Consequently, the sliding material 232 has a very low coefficient of friction and a particularly low degree of wear with use. In the present application, the coefficient of friction is at most 0.03.

[0082] The special arrangement of the primary sliding surface 226 or the two partial sliding surfaces 228A and 228B, inclined relative to each other, allows a functional combination of vertical and horizontal force transfer. Thus, the structural sliding bearing 210 can, on the one hand, absorb vertically acting forces through the two partial sliding surfaces inclined relative to each other, 228A and 228B, and transfer them from the second part of the structure to the first part of the structure. In this application, the vertically acting forces are thus introduced from the second. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 108 / 134 31 / 46 part of the structure for the first part of the structure through the sliding plate 216, the cap and the bearing base 212. On the other hand, the horizontal forces directed transversely to the axis of movement A can also be absorbed by the two partial sliding surfaces inclined towards each other, 228A and 228B, and thus transmitted between the two parts of the structure.

[0083] The ratio of absorbable vertical loads and horizontal forces transverse to the axis of movement A can be adjusted by the inclination of the two partial sliding surfaces 228A and 228B or the two corresponding sliding planes 230A and 230B. Thus, both sliding planes 230A and 230B have a first angle α selected so that no opening occurs in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface 226 when the structural sliding bearing 210 is in use. In fact, the first angle α of the structural sliding bearing 210 is selected so that no opening occurs in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface 226 even in the maximum limit state of the structural sliding bearing 210. The structural sliding bearing 210 illustrated in Figs. 3 to 7 has a first angle of 168 degrees. However, if the structural sliding bearing 210 is designed for very high horizontal forces, a more acute first angle α may be used.

[0084] Alternatively or complementarily, the inclination of the two sliding planes 230A and 230B can also be specified by means of their intersection angle with respect to the horizontal H. Thus, both sliding planes 230A and 230B are inclined downwards by a second angle β with respect to the horizontal H. In the present application, both sliding planes 230A and 230B of the structural sliding bearing 210 have the same second angle β, which is 6 degrees. However, in the case of very intense horizontal force application, a particularly steep angle can be selected. It would also be possible for sliding plane 230A to have a second angle β different from sliding plane 230B, in order to specifically accommodate different levels of force application from different directions (not illustrated).

[0085] Fig. 8 illustrates a sequence of two schematic cross-sectional views. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 109 / 134 A 32 / 46 cross-section of a structural sliding bearing 310, according to a second application, illustrating a height adjustment of the structural sliding bearing. The structural sliding bearing 310 is essentially similar to the structural sliding bearing 210 of the first application. The identical components will not be discussed further below.

[0086] However, the structural sliding bearing 310 differs from the structural sliding bearing 210 of the first application in that the sliding plate 316 is formed of several parts and the distance between the corresponding sliding plate parts 316A and 316B is adjustable. In this application, the sliding plate 316 is simply divided into two halves so that the sliding plate 316 is formed by two sliding plate parts of the same size, 316A and 316B. The two sliding plate parts 316A and 316B are each arranged along one of the two partial sliding surfaces 228A and 228B, inclined relative to each other, to help promote the horizontal connection of the second part of the structure.

[0087] To the left of the two cross-sections in Fig. 8, an initial state of the structural sliding bearing 310 before height adjustment is illustrated. The two parts of the sliding plate 316A and 316B are arranged separately, with the first horizontal distance d1. In this case, both parts of the sliding plate 316A and 316B have the same horizontal distance from the axis of movement A. With this arrangement, the structural sliding bearing 310 has a first total height G1.

[0088] If the two parts of the sliding plate 316A and 316B are now pushed synchronously towards each other or in the opposite direction along their respective partial sliding surfaces 228A and 228B, the first total height G1 of the structural sliding bearing will be changed by a height difference δη. This allows for a simple height adjustment of the structural sliding bearing 310. In the right cross-section of Fig. 8, there is an example of a final state of the structural sliding bearing 310 after the two parts of the sliding plate 316A and 316B have been appropriately moved towards each other. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 110 / 134 33 / 46 As the illustration shows, the first horizontal distance dl between the two parts of the sliding plate 316A and 316B decreased to the second horizontal distance d2. However, both parts of the sliding plate 316A and 316B still have the same horizontal distance from the axis of movement A, respectively. Thus, the first total height G1 is correspondingly increased by the height difference Δη to a second total height G2. If, on the other hand, the two parts of the sliding plate 316A and 316B are moved further apart, the first total height G1 will be reduced proportionally.

[0089] Fig. 9 shows an exploded schematic view of a structural sliding bearing 410 as described in the invention, according to a third advantageous application. The structural sliding bearing 310 corresponds essentially to the structural sliding bearing 210 of the first application. The identical components will not be discussed further below.

[0090] However, the structural sliding bearing 410 differs from the structural sliding bearing 210 of the first application in that the concave part 418 of the bearing base 412 has a recess 436 in a lower pole P, such that in the area of ​​the recess 436 the convex part 220 of the cap does not come into contact with the concave part 418 of the bearing base 412. In the present application, this recess 436 is formed in the sliding polymer disc of the sliding material 424 in the area of ​​the secondary sliding surface 422. In this respect, the recess 436 has a circular shape, which is centered with respect to the lower pole P.

[0091] The recess 436 in the lower pole P increases the radius of inertia. Thus, the counter-pressure of the acting vertical load increases compared to the pressure of the horizontal lifting force. This relationship can be controlled by the diameter D of the recess 436. Therefore, on the one hand, even greater forces can be supported by the structural sliding bearing 410. On the other hand, the structural sliding bearing 410 featuring the recess 436 offers an additional adjustment possibility to adjust the relationship between the absorbable vertical forces and the horizontal forces. Thus, the choice of the inclination of the two partial sliding surfaces 228A and 228B inclined relative to each other can be adapted to the diameter D of the recess 436. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 111 / 134 34 / 46 to ideally design the 410 structural sliding bearing for a wide variety of force effects.

[0092] Fig. 10 shows an exploded schematic view of a structural sliding bearing 510 as described in the invention, according to a fourth advantageous application. The structural sliding bearing 510 corresponds substantially to the structural sliding bearing 210 of the first application. The identical components will not be discussed further below.

[0093] The structural sliding bearing 510 differs from the structural sliding bearing 210 specified in the first application in that the sliding plate 516 has two stops 538. The stops 538 are individually arranged in the central, lateral and opposing positions on the sliding plate 516. Both stops 538 project towards the base of the bearing 212, so that the stops 538 are situated between the base of the bearing 212 and the sliding plate 516. Thus, the movement of the sliding plate 516 relative to the base of the bearing 212 is limited. In this application, the stops 538 are configured to convert the structural sliding bearing 510 into a fixed bearing.

[0094] Fig. 11 shows a perspective view of a structural sliding bearing 610 as described in the invention, according to a fifth advantageous application. The structural sliding bearing 610 is substantially identical to the structural sliding bearing 210 of the first application. The identical components will not be discussed further below.

[0095] However, the structural sliding bearing 610 differs from the structural sliding bearing 210 of the first application insofar as it is configured as a “pan” type bearing device. Thus, the intermediate part of the bearing 614 is formed as a support cover on which the sliding plate 216 rests in a sliding manner. The base of the bearing 612, on the other hand, has a “pan” type bearing device together with an elastomeric pad 640 to allow small rotations or displacements of the support cover disposed above it and, therefore, of the “pan” type bearing device. Thus, all the advantages of the primary sliding surface discussed apply. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 112 / 134 35 / 46

[0096] Fig. 12 shows a schematic side view of a structural bearing system 700 as described in the invention, according to a first application. Here, the advantages of the previously described structural sliding bearings are realized by two separate sliding bearings 710A and 710B. Thus, the structural bearing system 700 has a first sliding bearing 710A and a second sliding bearing 710B to connect a first structural part 712 to a second structural part 714. In this example, the first sliding bearing 710A and the second sliding bearing 710B are, individually, sliding and rocker bearings.

[0097] The first sliding and rocker bearing 710A and the second sliding and rocker bearing 710B have basically the same components. Thus, the first sliding and rocker bearing 710A includes a bearing base 716A that can be attached to the first structural part 712, a sliding plate 718A that can be attached to the second structural part 714, and an intermediate bearing part 720A or a rocker part disposed between the bearing base 716A and the sliding plate 718A. In this sense, a primary flat sliding surface 722A of the first sliding and rocker bearing 710A extends between the intermediate bearing part 720A and the sliding plate 718A.

[0098] The second sliding and tilting bearing 710B also has a bearing base 716B that can be attached to the first structural part 712, a sliding plate 718B that can be attached to the second structural part 714, and an intermediate bearing part 720B or tilting part, disposed between the bearing base 716B and the sliding plate 718B. Thus, a primary flat sliding surface 722B of the second sliding and tilting bearing 710B also extends here between the intermediate bearing part 720B and the sliding plate 718B.

[0099] Both sliding and tilting bearings 710A and 710B form a pair of uniaxially guided bearings, wherein the primary sliding surface 722A of the first sliding and tilting bearing 710A is arranged in a first sliding plane 724A inclined with respect to the horizontal H. Furthermore, the Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 113 / 134 36 / 46 The primary sliding surface 722B of the second sliding and tilting bearing 710B is arranged in a second sliding plane 724B inclined with respect to the horizontal H. Thus, both sliding planes 724A and 724B meet on a common horizontal line of intersection S, which thus forms the axis of movement A of the pair of bearings and along which the two sliding plates 718A and 718B can move. Thus, the corresponding displacements of the first part of the structure 712 relative to the second part of the structure 714 are made possible.

[00100] The two primary inclined sliding surfaces 722A and 722B are arranged so that the first sliding plane 724A and the second sliding plane 724B take the form of an inverted pitched roof. The form of a normal pitched roof (not illustrated) would also be conceivable here, with the axis of movement A forming in each case the ridge of the pitched roof. Furthermore, the two primary sliding surfaces inclined relative to each other, 722A and 722B, are of equal size and are formed symmetrically with respect to each other and with respect to a plane of symmetry E, which extends through the line of intersection S in the vertical direction. Alternatively, the two primary sliding surfaces inclined relative to each other, 722A and 722B, may also be of different sizes (not illustrated).

[00101] In addition, each of the two primary sliding surfaces 722A and 722B has a sliding material 726 to reduce friction between the two intermediate rolling elements 720A and 720B and the respective sliding plate 718A and 718B. In this case, each of the two inclined primary sliding surfaces 722A and 722B has a permanently lubricated sliding polymer disc, each disposed in a recess 728 of the respective intermediate rolling element 720A and 720B. The sliding polymer disc is made of PTFE, UHMWPE, POM and / or PA and has pre-formed lubrication pockets in which the lubricant can be stored and evenly distributed over the entire contact surface. Consequently, the sliding material 726 has a very low coefficient of friction and a particularly low degree of wear with use. In this application, the coefficient of friction is at most 0.03. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 114 / 134 37 / 46

[00102] Due to the special arrangement of the two primary sliding surfaces 722A and 722B, a functional unification of vertical and horizontal force transfer within the bearing pair is also made possible here. Thus, on the one hand, the bearing pair can absorb vertically acting forces through the two inclined primary sliding surfaces 722A and 722B and transmit them from the second structural part 714 to the first structural part 712. In this application, the vertically acting forces are thus introduced from the second structural part 714 to the first structural part 712 through the two sliding plates 718A and 718B, the two intermediate bearing parts 720A and 720B, and the bearing bases 716A and 716B, respectively.On the other hand, horizontal forces directed transversely to the axis of movement A can also be absorbed by the two primary sliding surfaces 722A and 722B, which are inclined relative to each other and transmitted accordingly between the two parts of the structure 712 and 714.

[00103] The ratio of absorbable vertical loads and transverse horizontal forces to the axis of movement A can be adjusted by the inclination of the two primary sliding planes 722A and 722B or of the first sliding plane 724A and second sliding plane 724B. Thus, both sliding planes 724A and 724B have a first angle α selected so that no opening is formed in the area of ​​the two primary sliding surfaces 722A and 722B when the structural bearing system 700 is in use. The first angle α of the structural bearing system 700 is selected so that no opening occurs in the area of ​​the two primary sliding surfaces 722A and 722B even at the maximum limit state of the structural bearing system 700. The illustrated structural bearing system 700 has a first angle α of 140 degrees.However, if the 700 structural bearing system is designed for smaller horizontal forces, a more obtuse first angle α may be used, between 160 degrees and 180 degrees, for example, or exactly 168 degrees.

[00104] Alternatively or complementarily, the inclination of the first sliding plane 724A and the second sliding plane 724B can also be specified through their angle of intersection with respect to the horizontal H. Thus, both Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 115 / 134 38 / 46 sliding planes 724A and 724B are inclined downwards relative to the horizontal H by a second angle β. In the present application, both sliding planes 724A and 724B of the structural bearing system 700 have the same second angle β, which is 20 degrees in this case. However, a shallower second angle β can be selected if the horizontal force application is less, such as between 0 degrees and 10 degrees, or exactly 6 degrees. It would also be possible for sliding plane 724A to have a different second angle β than sliding plane 724B in order to specifically accommodate different levels of force application from different directions (not illustrated).

[00105] As in the structural bearing system 700, the two sliding and tilting bearings 710A and 710B each have a separate sliding plate 718A and 718B, a simple height adjustment can also be made here with the help of the corresponding pair of bearings. The principle of height adjustment illustrated in Fig. 8 can be applied, where the two sliding plates 718A and 718B will each individually represent a part of the sliding plate 316A and 316B, respectively, of the two-part sliding plate 316.

[00106] Fig. 13 shows a schematic side view of a structural bearing system 700 as described in the invention, according to a second application. The structural bearing system 700 of the second application corresponds essentially to the structural bearing system 700 of the first application. The components of the same design will not be discussed further below.

[00107] The structural bearing system 700 of the second application differs from the structural bearing system 700 of the first application in that the two primary inclined sliding surfaces 722A and 722B are arranged so that the first sliding plane 724A and the second sliding plane 724B take the form of a normal inclined roof. Furthermore, the first sliding and tilting bearing 710A includes a side stop device 730A that limits the movement of the sliding plate 718A relative to the bearing base 716A. The stop device 730A is located on one side of the first sliding and tilting bearing 710A, facing the axis of movement A. Therefore, the stop device 730A is Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pages 116 / 134 39 / 46 formed and integrally fixed to the base of bearing 716A. Furthermore, the stop device 730A has a sliding device 732A in the form of a sliding bar that guides the sliding plate 718A in a direction parallel to the axis of movement A. By means of an adjustment device, the lateral distance of the stop device 730A from the base of bearing 716A and therefore also from the sliding plate 718A can be adjusted. This is achieved here by a screw connection between the base of bearing 716A and the stop device 730A.

[00108] In addition, the second sliding and tilting bearing 710B has a lateral stop device 730B that limits the movement of the sliding plate 718B relative to the bearing base 716B. The stop device 730B is located on one side of the second sliding and tilting bearing 710B, facing the axis of movement A. For this purpose, the stop device 730B is integrally formed and fixed to the bearing base 716B. Furthermore, the stop device 730B has a sliding device 732B in the form of a sliding bar that guides the sliding plate 718B in a direction parallel to the axis of movement A. By means of an adjustment device, the lateral distance of the stop device 730B from the bearing base 716B and, therefore, also from the sliding plate 718B can be adjusted. This is also achieved here by means of a screw connection between the bearing base 716b and the stop device 730b.

[00109] If a torque M acts on the second structural part 714 around an axis parallel to the axis of movement A in a clockwise direction, it will be pulled against the stop device 730A of the first sliding and rocker bearing 710A and supported on the other side at the instantaneous center of rotation MP at the base of the second sliding and rocker bearing 710B. Consequently, a force F will act on the stop device 730A to counteract the rotation of the second structural part 714. The same applies in the case of torque in the counterclockwise direction. In this case, the second structural component 714 will be pulled against the stop device 730B of the second sliding and rocker bearing 710B and supported on the other side at the instantaneous center of rotation of the base of the first sliding and rocker bearing 710A. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 117 / 134 40 / 46

[00110] In this application, both stop devices 730A and 730B are arranged on the side of the corresponding sliding and tilting bearing 710A and 710B that is higher in the vertical direction. Thus, if the acting torques are small or negligible, mainly the vertical force component of the dead weight will act on the bearing in relation to the operationally induced overload, so that the stop devices 730A and 730B will be entirely free of forces. Thus, with proper dimensioning, the stop devices 730A and 730B will rarely be actuated, which favors the service life in relation to fatigue.

[00111] Fig. 14 presents a schematic side view of a structural bearing system 700, as described in the invention, according to a third application. The structural bearing system 700 of the third application corresponds essentially to the structural bearing system 700 of the second application. The components of the same design will not be discussed further below.

[00112] The structural bearing system 700 of the third application differs from the structural bearing system 700 of the second application in that the first sliding bearing 710A and the second sliding bearing 710B are designed as elastomeric bearings. To this end, the respective intermediate rolling parts 720A and 720B have an elastomer layer that brings with it the corresponding deformation properties.

[00113] Fig. 15 shows a top schematic view of a structural bearing system 800, as described in the invention, according to a fourth application. The structural bearing system 800 has two pairs of bearings, 810 and 820, arranged along an axis B. Each pair of bearings 810 and 820 includes two sliding bearings 810A, 810B, 820A, 820B. Thus, the first pair of bearings 810 includes a first sliding bearing 810A and a second sliding bearing 810B. The second pair of bearings 820 includes a first sliding bearing 820A and a second sliding bearing 820B.

[00114] The second part of structure 714 is supported by the structural bearing system 800. The two pairs of bearings 810 and 820 are thus arranged at the elongated ends of the second part of structure 714, so that a beam Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 118 / 134 41 / 46 of single span is formed. The first pair of bearings 810 corresponds to the pair of bearings of the structural bearing system 700 of the first application, as illustrated in Fig. 12. Thus, the two primary sliding surfaces inclined towards each other are arranged here so that the corresponding sliding planes form an inverted pitched roof.

[00115] The second pair of bearings 820 is also essentially the same as in the first application. Here, however, the two angled primary sliding surfaces are arranged in such a way that the corresponding sliding planes take the form of a normal pitched roof. Thus, the angled primary sliding surfaces of the bearing pairs 810, 820 are arranged so that the corresponding sliding planes of the first pair of bearings 810 and the second pair of bearings 820 alternately take, along axis B, the form of a pitched roof and the form of an inverted pitched roof. This principle can also be applied to more than two consecutive pairs of bearings. The alternating arrangement of the angled primary sliding surfaces along axis B can be particularly effective in absorbing torsional torques of the second structural part 714.In another application, pairs of bearings from the 700 structural bearing system of the second or third application are used for the 800 structural bearing system.

[00116] Fig. 16 shows a top schematic view of a structural bearing system 900, as described in the invention, according to a fifth application. The structural bearing system 900 has four pairs of bearings 910, 920, 930, 940 arranged along an axis B. Each pair of bearings 910, 920, 930, 940 includes two sliding bearings. Thus, all pairs of bearings 910, 920, 930, 940 include a first sliding bearing 910A, 920A, 930A, 940A and a second sliding bearing 910B, 920B, 930B, 940B. The second structural part 914 comprises two single-span beams 914A, 914B. Both single-span beams 914A, 914B are arranged in immediate succession along axis B. The individual single-span beams 914A, 914B may, for example, represent lane sections, road sections, or pipeline sections. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 119 / 134 42 / 46

[00117] As seen previously, the two single-span beams 914A, 914B are supported by the bearing pairs 910, 920, 930, 940 at their elongated ends. Thus, the first single-span beam 914A is supported by the first bearing pair 910 and the second bearing pair 920. The second single-span beam 914B, on the other hand, is supported by the third bearing pair 930 and the fourth bearing pair 940.

[00118] All pairs of bearings 910, 920, 930, 940 are substantially the same as the pair of bearings of the structural bearing system 700 of the first application. However, here the primary sliding surfaces inclined relative to each other are arranged in such a way that the corresponding sliding planes of the pairs of bearings 910, 920, 930, 940 alternately assume the form of a sloping roof and the form of an inverted sloping roof every second pair of bearings along axis B. Specifically, the two sliding planes of the first pair of bearings 910 and the fourth pair of bearings 940 have the form of a sloping roof. The two sliding planes of the second pair of bearings 920 and the third pair of bearings 930, on the other hand, have the form of an inverted sloping roof. Thus, the same arrangement of primary sliding surfaces or sliding planes is used in the connection point area of ​​both single-span beams 914A, 914B.

[00119] The inclination of the primary sliding surfaces of the first sliding and tilting bearing 920A of the second pair of bearings 920 and of the first sliding and tilting bearing 930A of the third pair of bearings 930 are identical. Thus, the corresponding first and second angles are also identical here. The same applies to the primary sliding surfaces of the second sliding and tilting bearing 920B of the second pair of bearings 920 and of the second sliding and tilting bearing 930B of the third pair of bearings 930. In this way, a height displacement in the area of ​​the connection point between the two single-span beams 714A, 714B is kept as small as possible in the case of transverse expansions in the structure. In another application, pairs of bearings from the structural bearing system 700 of the second or third application are used for the structural bearing system 900. Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pages 120 / 134 43 / 46 REFERENCE SIGNS Support device of the "pan" type Pan Recess Elastomeric cushion Internal seal Pot lid Sliding plate Primary sliding surface Sliding material Central guide trail Sliding material 110 Spherical bearing 112 Bearing base 114 Hubcap 116 Secondary sliding surface 118 Sliding material 120 Sliding plate 122 Primary sliding surface 124 Sliding material 126 Side guide rail 128 Sliding material 210 Structural sliding bearing 212 Bearing base 214 Intermediate bearing section 216 Sliding plate 218 Concave Part 220 Convex Part 222 Secondary sliding surface 224 Sliding material Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pages 121 / 134 44 / 46 226 Primary sliding surface 228A Partial sliding surface 228B Partial sliding surface 230A Angled sliding plane 230B Angled sliding plane 232 Sliding material 234 Recess 310 Structural sliding bearing 316 Sliding plate 316A Sliding plate part 316B Sliding plate part 316B Sliding plate part 410 Structural sliding bearing 412 Bearing base 418 Concave Part 422 Secondary sliding surface 424 Sliding material 436 Recess 510 Structural sliding bearing 516 Sliding plate 538 Door Stop 610 Structural sliding bearing 612 Bearing base 614 Intermediate bearing section 640 Elastomeric layer 700 Structural bearing system 710A First sliding bearing 710B Second sliding bearing 712 First part of the structure 714 Second part of the structure Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pages 122 / 134 45 / 46 716A Bearing base 716B Bearing base 718A Sliding plate 718BPlaca sliding 720A Intermediate rolling part 720B Intermediate rolling part 722A Primary sliding surface 722B Primary sliding surface 724A First sliding plane 724B Second sliding plane 726 Sliding material 728 Recess 730A Hinged device 730B Hinged device 732A Sliding device 732B Sliding device 800 Structural bearing system 810 First pair of bearings 810A First sliding bearing 810B Second sliding bearing 820 Second pair of bearings 820A First sliding bearing 820B Second sliding bearing 900 Structural bearing system 910 First pair of bearings 910A First sliding bearing 910B Second sliding bearing 914 Second part of the structure 914A First single-span beam 914B Second single-span beam Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pages 123 / 134 46 / 46 920 Second pair of bearings 920A First sliding bearing 920B Second sliding bearing 930 Third pair of bearings 930A First sliding bearing 930B Second sliding bearing 940 Fourth pair of bearings 940A First sliding bearing 940B Second sliding bearing A Moving shaft B Axis D Diameter And plane of symmetry F Force G1 First total height G2 Second total height H Horizontal M Torque MP Instantaneous Center of Rotation Lower Pole S Intersection line d1 First distance d2 Second distance α First angle β Second angle Δη Height difference Petition 870220065746, dated 07 / 26 / 2022, pp. 124 / 134

Claims

1 / 9 CLAIMS 1. Structural sliding bearing (210) for connecting the first part of a structure to a second part of the structure, comprising: a bearing base (212) that can be fixed to the first part of the structure; a sliding plate (216) that can be fixed to the second part of the structure;and an intermediate part of the bearing (214) disposed between the bearing base (212) and the sliding plate (216), wherein a primary sliding surface (226) of the structural sliding bearing (210) is disposed between the intermediate part of the bearing (214) and the sliding plate (216), characterized in that the primary sliding surface (226) comprises at least two partial sliding surfaces (228A, 228B) each disposed in sliding planes (230A, 230B) angled relative to each other, the sliding planes (230A, 230B) meeting on a common line of intersection (S) forming a motion axis (A) of the structural sliding bearing (210) along which the sliding plate (216) can move;and the two sliding planes (230A, 230B) enclose a first angle (α), wherein the first angle (α) is selected such that in the operational limit state of the structural sliding bearing (210), with maximum horizontal force in combination with minimum vertical force, no opening occurs in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface (226).

2. Structural sliding bearing (210) according to claim 1, characterized in that the structural sliding bearing (210) is a uniaxially guided structural sliding bearing in which the sliding plate (216) can only move along the axis of motion (A) relative to the intermediate part of the bearing (214).

3. Structural sliding bearing (210) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by Petition 870250112687, dated 08 / 12 / 2025, page 10 / 27 2 / 9 the two sliding planes (230A, 230B) being arranged so that the intersection line (S) is horizontal.

4. Structural sliding bearing (210) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first angle (α) is selected such that in the maximum limit state of the structural sliding bearing (210) no opening occurs in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface (226).

5. Structural sliding bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the primary sliding surface has a permanently lubricated sliding material (232), preferably PTFE, UHMWPE, POM and / or PA.

6. Structural sliding bearing (210) according to claim 5, characterized in that the sliding material has a coefficient of friction not exceeding 0.

03.

7. Structural sliding bearing (210) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the sliding material (232) comprises at least one lubricated sliding disc, which preferably has at least one lubrication pocket.

8. Structural sliding bearing (210) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by at least two partial sliding surfaces (228A, 228B) inclined relative to each other being arranged in such a way that the corresponding sliding planes (230A, 230B) take the form of a sloping roof.

9. Structural sliding bearing (210) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by at least two partial sliding surfaces (228A, 228B) inclined relative to each other being arranged in such a way that the corresponding sliding planes (230A, 230B) take the form of an inverted pitched roof. Petition 870250112687, dated 08 / 12 / 2025, p. 11 / 27 3 / 9 10. Structural sliding bearing (210) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least two partial sliding surfaces (228A, 228B) angled relative to each other are formed symmetrically relative to each other and relative to a plane of symmetry (E) extending through the line of intersection (S) in the vertical direction.

11. Structural sliding bearing (210) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least two partial sliding surfaces (228A, 228B) angled relative to each other on the primary sliding surface (226) are formed with different sizes.

12. Structural sliding bearing (210) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least one sliding plane (230A, 230B) is inclined downwards with respect to the horizontal (H) by a second angle (β) between 0 degrees and 10 degrees, preferably 6 degrees.

13. Structural sliding bearing (210) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the first angle (α) is from 160 degrees to 180 degrees, preferably 168 degrees.

14. Structural sliding bearing (310) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the sliding plate (316) has several parts and the distance between the parts of the corresponding sliding plate (316A, 316B) is adjustable.

15. Structural sliding bearing (610) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the structural sliding bearing (610) is designed as a “pan” type bearing device, wherein the intermediate part of the bearing (614) has a bearing cap and the base of the bearing (612) has a receptacle (“pan”) together with an elastomeric pad (616). Petition 870250112687, dated 08 / 12 / 2025, p. 12 / 27 4 / 9 16. Structural sliding bearing (210) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the structural sliding bearing (210) is designed as a spherical bearing in which the intermediate rolling part (214) comprises a cap, the cap having a convex part (220) and the bearing base (212) having a corresponding concave part (218), and the convex part (220) of the cap is inserted by sliding into the concave part (218) of the bearing base (212).

17. Structural sliding bearing (410) according to claim 16, characterized in that the concave part (418) of the bearing base (412) has a recess (436) in a lower pole (P), such that in the area of ​​the recess (436) the convex part (220) of the cap does not come into contact with the concave part (418) of the bearing base (412).

18. Structural sliding bearing (410) according to claim 17, characterized in that the recess (436) is circularly centered with respect to the lower pole (P).

19. Structural sliding bearing (410) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that a sliding material (424), preferably a sliding polymer disc, is disposed in the concave part (418) of the bearing base (412), and the recess (436) is formed in the sliding material (424).

20. Structural sliding bearing (510) according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the structural sliding bearing (510) further comprises at least one stop (536) between the sliding plate (516) and the bearing base (212).

21. Structural bearing system (700) consisting of at least two sliding bearings (710A, 710B) for connecting at least two structural parts (712, 714), each sliding bearing (710A, 710B) comprising: a bearing base (716A) that can be attached to a first structural part (712); a sliding plate (718A, 718B) that can be attached to a second structural part (714);and an intermediate part of the bearing (720A, 720B) disposed between the bearing base (716A, 716B) and the sliding plate (718A, 718B), wherein at least one primary flat sliding surface (722A, 722B) of the sliding bearing (710A, 710B) is disposed between the intermediate part of the bearing (720A, 720B) and the sliding plate (718A, 718B), characterized in that the two sliding bearings (710A, 710B) form a pair of bearings in which the primary sliding surface (722A) of the first sliding bearing (710A) is disposed in a first sliding plane (724A) angled with respect to the horizontal (H) and the primary sliding surface (722B) of the second sliding bearing (710B) is disposed in a second sliding plane (724B) angled at with respect to the horizontal (H), and the sliding planes (724A, 724B) meet on a common intersection line (S) forming a movement axis (A) of the pair of bearings along which the sliding plates (718A, 718B) can move.; 22. Structural bearing system (700) according to claim 21, characterized in which at least two sliding bearings (710A, 710B) are designed as sliding and rocker bearings or as elastomeric bearings.

23. Structural bearing system (700) according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the first sliding plane (724A) and the second sliding plane (724B) enclose a first angle (α), wherein the first angle (α) is selected so that no opening occurs in the area of ​​the primary sliding surfaces (722A, 722B) in the service state of the structural bearing system (700).

24. Structural bearing system (700) according to claim 23, characterized by Petition 870250112687, dated 08 / 12 / 2025, page 14 / 27 6 / 9 the first angle (α) being from 160 degrees to 180 degrees, preferably 168 degrees.

25. Structural bearing system (700) according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the first angle (α) is selected such that in the maximum limit state of the structural bearing system (700) no opening occurs in the area of ​​the primary sliding surfaces (722A, 722B).

26. Structural bearing system (700) according to any one of claims 21 to 25, characterized in that the pair of bearings is a pair of uniaxially guided bearings in which the sliding plates (718A, 718B) can only move along the axis of motion (A) relative to the intermediate bearing parts (720A, 720B).

27. Structural bearing system (700) according to any one of claims 21 to 26, characterized in that the first sliding plane (724A) and the second sliding plane (724B) are arranged so that the intersection line (S) is horizontal.

28. Structural bearing system (700) according to any one of claims 21 to 27, characterized in that at least one primary sliding surface (722A, 722B) comprises a permanently lubricated sliding material (726), preferably PTFE, UHMWPE, POM and / or PA.

29. Structural bearing system (700) according to claim 28, characterized in that the sliding material has a coefficient of friction not exceeding 0.

03.

30. Structural bearing system (700) according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that the sliding material (726) comprises at least one lubricated sliding disc, preferably having at least one lubrication pocket.

31. Structural bearing system (700) according to any one of claims 21 to 30, characterized in that at least two angled primary sliding surfaces (722A, 722B) are formed symmetrically with respect to each other and with respect to a plane of symmetry (E) that extends through the line of intersection (S) in the vertical direction.

32. Structural bearing system (700) according to any one of claims 21 to 31, characterized in that at least two primary sliding surfaces (722A, 722B) angled relative to each other are formed with different sizes.

33. Structural bearing system (700) according to any one of claims 21 to 32, characterized in that at least one sliding plane (724A, 724B) is inclined downwards with respect to the horizontal (H) by a second angle (β) between 0 degrees and 10 degrees, preferably 6 degrees.

34. Structural bearing system (700) according to any one of claims 21 to 33, characterized by at least two primary sliding surfaces (722A, 722B) inclined towards each other being arranged in such a way that the corresponding sliding planes (724A, 724B) take the form of a sloping roof.

35. Structural bearing system (700) according to any one of claims 21 to 34, characterized by at least two primary sliding surfaces (722A, 722B) inclined towards each other being arranged in such a way that the corresponding sliding planes (724A, 724B) take the form of an inverted pitched roof.

36. Structural bearing system (700) according to any one of claims 21 to 35, characterized in that the first sliding bearing (710A) and / or the second sliding bearing (710B) have a stop device, preferably lateral (730A, 730B) that limits the movement of the sliding plate (718A, 718B) relative to the bearing base (716A, 716B). Petition 870250112687, dated 08 / 12 / 2025, page 16 / 27 8 / 9 37. Structural bearing system (700) according to claim 36, characterized in that the stop device (730A, 730B) is disposed on one side of the respective sliding bearing (710A, 710B), facing or offset from the axis of movement (A).

38. Structural bearing system (700) according to claim 36 or 37, characterized in that the stop device (730A, 730B) comprises an adjustment device for adjusting the position of the stop device (730A, 730B).

39. Structural bearing system (700) according to any one of claims 36 to 38, characterized in that the stop device (730A, 730B) comprises a sliding device (732A, 732B) that guides the sliding plate (718A, 718B) in a direction parallel to the axis of movement (A).

40. Structural bearing system (800) according to any one of claims 21 to 39, characterized in that the structural bearing system (800) comprises at least two pairs of bearings (810, 820) and a shaft (B), and the pairs of bearings (810, 820) are successively arranged along the shaft (B), wherein the primary sliding surfaces inclined relative to each other are arranged in such a way that the corresponding sliding planes of the pairs of bearings (810, 820) alternately take along the shaft (B) the form of a sloping roof and the form of an inverted sloping roof.

41. Structural bearing system (900) according to any one of claims 21 to 39, characterized in that the structural bearing system (900) comprises at least two pairs of bearings (910, 920, 930, 940) and a shaft (B), and the pairs of bearings (910, 920, 930, 940) are successively arranged along the shaft (B), wherein the primary sliding surfaces inclined relative to each other are arranged so that the corresponding sliding planes of the pairs of bearings (910, 920, 930, 940) alternately take the form of a sloping roof Petition 870250112687, dated 08 / 12 / 2025, page 17 / 27 9 / 9 and the form of an inverted sloping roof at each second pair of bearings along the shaft (B). Petition 870250112687, dated 08 / 12 / 2025, p. 18 / 27

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