A flap model for vascular shunt decompression

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flap model for vascular shunt decompression, wherein the vascular model includes a guide unit and a shunt unit, and the shunt unit is connected to the guide unit. The present invention adopts the Bernoulli effect in the principle of fluid mechanics, designs the model into a guide unit and a shunt unit, and keeps the guide unit unobstructed, and the flow of the guide unit decompresses the branch, reduces the perfusion of the flap, and relieves the load of the flap. Through experimental research, the present invention effectively improves various indicators after arterialized venous flap surgery, the flap swelling is slight, there are no tension blisters, the skin color is ruddy, the reflux is normal, the quality of the flap is good in the later stage, the skin color, elasticity, contracture, etc. are greatly improved, and its survival quality is close to that of physiological flaps.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical models, and in particular relates to a skin flap blood vessel model. Background Art

[0002] The non-physiological venous arterialized flap has certain clinical application value due to its advantages such as convenient cutting, no restrictions on the location, no bloated flap, and simple operation. Since Nakayama et al. reported the successful experiment of venous reticular arterialized flap in 1981, a climax of research on venous flaps has been set off, which has promoted the clinical application of venous flaps. After more than 30 years of development, venous flaps have been abandoned by some clinical workers due to their shortcomings such as postoperative swelling, congestion, and poor survival quality, and are regarded as transitional flaps. Venous flaps are non-physiological flaps with poor survival rate and quality. Compared with physiological flaps, they have more exudation after surgery, severe tissue edema, thickening of dermal collagen fibers and elastic fiber layers, thickening of fibers, disordered arrangement, and hard and large shrinkage of flaps after surgery. This limits the application of flaps to repairing small wounds, such as skin and soft tissue defects of fingers. Therefore, how to improve the survival rate and survival quality of venous flaps is a problem that needs to be solved urgently in clinical practice.

[0003] Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the current venous arterialized flap is a non-physiological flap. The non-physiological blood circulation reconstruction method causes the load on the flap circulatory system to be significantly higher than that of the physiological flap, which is the root cause of swelling, congestion, blisters, and necrosis after flap surgery. By analyzing the microcirculatory characteristics of the venous arterialized flap with existing technology, according to the blood flow resistance formula R = 8ηL / πr 4 It can be seen that blood flow resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of lumen radius. If the venous radius is slightly reduced, venous resistance will increase sharply. When venous resistance is greater than or equal to venous pressure (venous pressure itself is relatively low, normally about 15-20 mmHg), blood in the vein will stop flowing, thus forming venous thrombosis. Imbalance between flap perfusion and return: Over-perfusion of flap will damage flap vascular endothelial cells, promote the formation of white thrombus, increase blood flow resistance, and make blood flow slower. This will increase the opening of arteriovenous shunts, and arterial blood in the flap will not undergo microcirculatory material exchange. The effective blood circulation volume of flap tissue will be significantly reduced, causing acidic substances to accumulate. Acidic substances increase capillary permeability, further concentrating blood in blood vessels. Such a vicious cycle will eventually lead to flap microcirculatory failure.

[0004] Patent announcement No. 105193519 discloses a mouse vascularized skin transplantation model and its construction method, in which an abdominal skin flap pedicled with the mouse femoral artery and vein is transferred to the neck of another mouse, and the femoral artery is connected to the common carotid artery and the femoral vein is connected to the external jugular vein using vascular cuff technology.

[0005] However, in this method, the main blood vessels are directly anastomosed with the flap blood vessels, the perfusion volume is greater than the reflux volume, and the flap becomes congested, edematous, or even necrotic. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a shunt decompression to reduce the circulatory load of the flap and improve a flap model for vascular shunt decompression after flap surgery.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a flap model for vascular shunt decompression, the structure and preparation method of which are easy to implement and popularize.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A skin flap model for vascular shunt decompression, the vascular model comprises a guide unit and a shunt unit, the shunt unit is connected with the middle part of the guide unit.

[0010] The Bernoulli effect in fluid mechanics was used to design the model into a guide unit and a shunt unit. The guide unit was kept unobstructed, and the flow of the guide unit decompressed the branches, reduced the perfusion of the flap, and relieved the load on the flap.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide unit is tubular, which is conducive to the flow of blood.

[0012] Furthermore, a connecting hole is provided on a side wall of the guiding unit, and the diversion unit is connected to the guiding unit through the connecting hole.

[0013] Furthermore, a connecting fork is provided on one side of the guiding unit, and is connected to the diversion unit via the connecting fork.

[0014] Furthermore, the diversion unit includes an input end, and the diversion unit includes an input end, and its input end is a three-way connection. The guide unit is disconnected in the middle and divided into an upper guide unit and a lower guide unit. One end of the upper guide unit is connected to the three-way connection port, and the lower guide unit is connected to the other end of the three-way connection.

[0015] Furthermore, the shunt unit has a mesh structure, which can evenly supply blood to the skin flap and help the skin flap recover.

[0016] Furthermore, the diversion unit has a star-shaped structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the guiding unit and the shunt unit are animal muscle cell tissues.

[0018] Furthermore, the guiding unit and the diversion unit are organic bodies that can be absorbed by the human body. For the area that can be gradually recovered by itself, the organic body can be absorbed after recovery, thereby reducing the presence of foreign matter.

[0019] Furthermore, the guide unit and the shunt unit are made of medical polymer materials. Medical polymer materials can be used for blood vessel loss or insufficient blood vessel length, and have a wider range of applications.

[0020] Furthermore, the flap model is used for implantation in a human body.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the Bernoulli effect in the principle of fluid mechanics, designs the model into a guide unit and a shunt unit, and keeps the guide unit unobstructed. The flow of the guide unit decompresses the branch, reduces the perfusion of the flap, and relieves the flap load. The shunt unit in the present invention can also adopt a mesh structure to facilitate the recovery of the flap. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The utility model is a flap model used for vascular shunt decompression in the prior art.

[0024] Figure 2 This is the first embodiment of a skin flap model for vascular shunt decompression according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is the second embodiment of a flap model for vascular shunt decompression according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is the third embodiment of a skin flap model for vascular shunt decompression according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the blood flow distribution of the skin flap in the experimental group of the experiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is the blood flow distribution diagram of the skin flap of the control group in the experiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the first embodiment of a flap model for vascular shunt decompression of the present invention includes a guide unit 1 and a shunt unit 2. The shunt unit 2 is connected to the middle of the guide unit 1. The guide unit 1 is tubular. A connecting hole 11 is provided on the side wall of the guide unit 1, and the shunt unit 2 is connected to the guide unit 1 through the connecting hole 11.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present invention, the shunt unit 2 is a mesh structure, and can also be a star-shaped structure. The guide unit 1 and the shunt unit 2 are animal muscle cell tissues, and can also be made of organic matter or medical polymer materials that can be absorbed by the human body. For areas that can gradually recover by themselves, the use of organic matter can be absorbed after recovery to reduce the presence of foreign matter. The use of medical polymer materials can be used for blood vessel loss or insufficient blood vessel length, and has a wider range of uses.

[0032] The invention discloses a skin flap model for vascular shunt decompression, which can be implanted in human body.

[0033] The connection relationship between the guiding unit 1 and the diversion unit 2 can also be adopted as follows Figure 3 In the second embodiment shown, a connecting fork 12 is provided on one side of the guide unit 1, and is connected to the diversion unit 2 via the connecting fork 12; Figure 4 In the third embodiment shown, the diversion unit 2 includes an input end 21, and the input end 21 is connected to a three-way connection. The guide unit 1 is disconnected in the middle to be divided into an upper guide unit 13 and a lower guide unit 14. One end of the upper guide unit 13 is connected to the three-way connection port, and the lower guide unit 14 is connected to the other end of the three-way connection.

[0034] Hereinafter, the present invention Figure 2 The embodiment is used in the experimental process:

[0035] Firstly, healthy male Bama miniature pigs were selected as experimental subjects, and an experimental animal model was established. A venous arterialized flap was designed and cut from its abdomen. After the abdominal wall artery was cut off, the two ports were connected to the upper and lower ports of the guide unit 1, and the ports of the shunt unit 2 were connected to the veins respectively, which were set as the experimental group; the control group was a venous arterialized flap using the traditional surgical procedure, that is, the superior epigastric artery and the arterialized vein of the flap were end-to-end anastomosed.

[0036] Two venous arterialized flaps were designed in symmetrical positions on the abdomen of 10 Bama miniature pigs, a total of 20 cases, with a size of 8.0cm×6.0cm. For self-control, one side of the abdominal wall of each miniature pig was randomly designed as the experimental group with shunt decompression mode, and the other side was designed as the control group. Routine "three-antibody" treatment was applied after surgery. The tension, color, swelling, ecchymosis and vascular filling of the flap were observed daily, and the changes in the perfusion volume of the flap were monitored by laser spot Doppler blood flow perfusion imaging. Indicators such as flap necrosis, contracture, quality and elasticity were observed later.

[0037] like Figure 5 , is a flap blood flow distribution diagram of the experimental group using a flap model for vascular shunt decompression.

[0038] like Figure 6 , is the blood flow distribution diagram of the skin flap in the control group.

[0039] After the experiment, the average blood perfusion of 10 flaps was measured one week after surgery. The experimental group: 83.62±3.14, the control group: 98.14±6.54, statistically significant (P) <0.05, that is, the preload in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group.

[0040] Regarding flap survival, in the experimental group, 7 flaps survived completely, 3 flaps were partially necrotic, and no flap was completely necrotic. In the control group, 3 flaps survived completely, 4 flaps were partially necrotic, and 3 flaps were completely necrotic, with statistical significance (P) < 0.05.

[0041] As shown in the following table, the comparison of flap perfusion measured by laser spot Doppler blood flow perfusion imaging in this experiment:

[0042]

[0043] As shown in the following table, the comparison of flap blood pressure measured by laser spot Doppler blood perfusion imaging in this experiment:

[0044]

[0045] In this experiment, the guide unit 1 is anastomosed with the blood vessel, and the shunt unit is used. The pressure value of the shunt unit 2 is significantly lower than the pressure in the trunk of the guide unit 1, which is a favorable premise for relieving the front load of the flap. Secondly, when the pressure of the flap increases, the blood flow slows down, the pressure in the shunt unit 2 also increases, and the blood circulation is blocked. At this time, the blood in the guide unit 1 will flow along the trunk, and will not continue to pressurize the flap, so that the front load of the flap can be relieved.

[0046] Through this experimental study, the present invention effectively improves various postoperative parameters of arterialized venous flap, with slight swelling of the flap, no tension blisters, ruddy skin color, normal reflux, good flap quality in the later stage, greatly improved skin color, elasticity, contracture, etc., and its survival quality is close to that of physiological flap.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the Bernoulli effect in the principle of fluid mechanics, designs the model into a guide unit and a shunt unit, and keeps the guide unit unobstructed. The flow of the guide unit decompresses the branch, reduces the perfusion of the flap, and relieves the flap load. The shunt unit in the present invention can also adopt a mesh structure to facilitate the recovery of the flap.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flap model for vascular shunt decompression, characterized in that: The flap model includes a guide unit and a shunt unit, the shunt unit is connected to the middle of the guide unit, the shunt unit includes an input end, the input end is a three-way connection, and the guide unit is tubular; The guide unit is divided into an upper guide unit and a lower guide unit by being disconnected in the middle, one end of the upper guide unit is connected to a three-way connection port, and the lower guide unit is connected to another end of the three-way connection port; The flap model was constructed based on experimental analysis of Bama miniature pigs. The specific experimental method is as follows: Healthy male Bama miniature pigs were selected as experimental subjects to establish an experimental animal model; A venous arterialized skin flap was designed and harvested from the abdomen of male Bama miniature pigs. After the abdominal wall artery was cut off, the upper and lower ports of the guide unit were connected at two ports, and the ports of the shunt unit were connected to the veins respectively, which was set as the experimental group; the control group was a venous arterialized skin flap in which the superior abdominal wall artery was anastomosed end-to-end with the arterialized vein of the skin flap.

2. A flap model for vascular shunt decompression as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion unit is in a mesh structure.

3. A flap model for vascular shunt decompression as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion unit is in a star-shaped structure.

4. A flap model for vascular shunt decompression as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding unit and the shunt unit are animal muscle cell tissues.

5. A flap model for vascular shunt decompression as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding unit and the diversion unit are organic bodies that can be absorbed by the human body.

6. A flap model for vascular shunt decompression as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding unit and the diversion unit are made of medical polymer materials.

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