An integrated system for treating flue gas from incineration of domestic waste

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated system for treating flue gas from the incineration of domestic waste, which belongs to the technical field of waste treatment. The technical problem to be solved is to provide an integrated system for realizing comprehensive treatment of flue gas generated by the incineration of domestic waste, such as desulfurization, dust removal, carbon monoxide removal, dioxin removal, odor removal, etc. The technical scheme adopted is: comprising a material path of a closed material storage device, a metering feeder, a gasification flash furnace, and an ash collection device connected in sequence, and a flue gas path of a gasification flash furnace, a heat exchanger, a cyclone dust collector, a bag dust collector, a flue gas catalytic device, a flue gas induced draft fan, a closed material storage device, a VOCs fan, a VOCs treatment device, and a gas negative ion purifier connected in sequence. The invention is used to realize comprehensive treatment of flue gas from the incineration of domestic waste, such as desulfurization, dust removal, carbon monoxide removal, dioxin removal, odor removal, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses an integrated system for treating flue gas from incineration of domestic waste, belonging to the technical field of waste treatment, and specifically relates to an integrated system for achieving comprehensive treatment of flue gas from incineration of domestic waste, such as desulfurization, dust removal, carbon monoxide removal, dioxin removal, and odor removal. Background Art

[0002] At present, the output of domestic waste is increasing day by day. The composition of domestic waste in cities is complex, the quantity is large, and the difficulty of treatment is increasing day by day. Domestic waste pollution is rapidly worsening. Although the treatment of domestic waste has received great attention, there is a lack of facilities and capacity for treating domestic waste. At the same time, the current treatment methods of urban domestic waste generally require harmless or classified treatment. The requirements for classified treatment are high and the difficulty is great. Therefore, most of the domestic waste is incinerated. The use of incineration to treat domestic waste can reduce the volume of solid waste by more than 90%, greatly reducing the occupation of land. However, due to the wide variety of domestic waste, a lot of harmful gases will be generated during the incineration process, and a large amount of floating dust will be discharged at the same time. Therefore, the flue gas generated during the incineration of domestic waste must be purified by a corresponding system before it can be discharged. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and aims to solve the technical problem of providing an integrated system for achieving comprehensive treatment of flue gas generated by the incineration of domestic waste, including desulfurization, dust removal, carbon monoxide removal, dioxin removal, and odor removal.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an integrated system for treating flue gas from the incineration of domestic waste, comprising a closed material storage device, a metering feeder, a gasification flash furnace, a heat exchanger, a cyclone dust collector, a bag dust collector, an ash collection device, a flue gas catalytic device, a flue gas induced draft fan, a VOCs fan, a VOCs treatment device and a gas negative ion purifier. A feed inlet is provided at the upper end of the closed material storage device, and a discharge port of the closed material storage device is connected to the inlet of the metering feeder, and the outlet of the metering feeder is connected to the material inlet of the gasification flash furnace. A slag outlet is provided at the lower end of the gasification flash furnace, and the flue gas outlet at the upper end of the gasification flash furnace is connected to the flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger, and the first flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the flue gas inlet of the cyclone dust collector. The outlet is connected to the flue gas inlet of the bag-type dust collector through a pipeline, the bottom ends of the cyclone dust collector and the bag-type dust collector are both provided with a slag outlet, the slag outlets of the gasification flash furnace, the cyclone dust collector and the bag-type dust collector are all correspondingly connected to the ash collection device, the flue gas outlet of the bag-type dust collector is connected to the flue gas inlet of the flue gas catalytic device, the flue gas outlet of the flue gas catalytic device is connected to the flue gas inlet of the flue gas induced draft fan, the flue gas outlet of the flue gas induced draft fan is connected to the inner lower part of the closed material storage device, the upper part of the closed material storage device is connected to the inlet of the VOCs fan through a pipeline, the outlet of the VOCs fan is connected to the inlet of the VOCs treatment device through a pipeline, the outlet of the VOCs treatment device is connected to the inlet of the gas negative ion purifier through a pipeline, and the gas negative ion purifier is provided with a gas discharge outlet.

[0005] The closed material storage device includes a storage bin, an ash hopper and a hot air inlet mechanism. The storage bin is fixedly installed on the ash hopper, and the ash hopper is a downward-retracted conical structure. A plurality of hot air inlet mechanisms are arranged on the radial circumference of the bottom of the ash hopper. The hot air inlet mechanism is a tubular structure. One end of the hot air inlet mechanism extends into the interior of the ash hopper and the other end is connected to the smoke outlet of the smoke induced draft fan, and the end of the hot air inlet mechanism located inside the ash hopper is inclined downward.

[0006] A material deformation device is arranged inside the ash hopper, and the material deformation device comprises a plurality of rotating shafts whose two ends are mounted on the side walls of the ash hopper, each rotating shaft is provided with a palladium nail and a reamer, the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a motor, and the rotation directions of adjacent rotating shafts are opposite.

[0007] The gasification flash furnace comprises a furnace body with a furnace chamber inside, the side wall of the furnace body is a high-temperature resistant structural layer, a material inlet is provided at the upper part of the furnace body and a heat-insulating maintenance door is provided on one side of the furnace body, the material inlet is located at the lower part of one side of the furnace chamber and a material spreading plate is fixedly installed, the lower part of the furnace body is provided with a concave grate bar, an upper horizontal grate bar and a bottom horizontal grate bar in sequence, a slag outlet is provided at the lower end of the furnace body, an air outlet pipe is provided at the upper end of the furnace body, a throat-type high-temperature combustion chamber is fixedly installed at the lower end of the air outlet pipe located in the furnace chamber, the high-temperature combustion chamber is a lower end contraction structure and a multi-porous expansion is fixedly provided at the lower part thereof to form a venturi structure, a preheat exchanger is fixedly installed at the upper end of the air outlet pipe located above the furnace body, a tube side cavity and a shell side cavity are provided inside the preheat exchanger, the shell side of the preheat exchanger is connected with the high-temperature combustion chamber through the air outlet pipe and a residual hot air discharge port is provided at the upper part of the shell side, the residual hot air discharge port is connected with the flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger, and a first axial flow fan connected with the tube side and a rapid cooling flue gas outlet are provided on one side of the preheat exchanger.

[0008] A heat exchange interlayer is fixedly installed above the furnace body of the gasification flash furnace. The two sides of the heat exchange interlayer are respectively connected to the flue gas outlet of the bag dust collector and the flue gas inlet of the flue gas catalytic device. The high-temperature combustion chamber connected to the air outlet pipe completely penetrates the heat exchange interlayer, and heat exchange fins are installed on the outer wall of the high-temperature combustion chamber located inside the heat exchange interlayer.

[0009] The heat exchanger is provided with a second flue gas outlet, the lower part of the gasification flash furnace body is provided with a combustion-supporting port, a combustion-supporting device is installed on the combustion-supporting port, and the air inlet of the combustion-supporting device is connected to the second flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger.

[0010] The gasification flash furnace body is equipped with a first supplementary hot air distribution pipe corresponding to the concave grate bar, and the outlet of the first supplementary hot air distribution pipe is located below the spreading plate. The upper part of the preheat exchanger is provided with a combustion-supporting flue gas outlet connected to the shell side. The combustion-supporting flue gas outlet is connected to the first supplementary hot air distribution pipe through a supplementary heat pipe, and a second axial flow fan is provided on the supplementary heat pipe. The air inlet of the combustion aid is connected to the supplementary heat pipe.

[0011] A slag discharge device is installed below the bottom horizontal grate bar of the gasification flash furnace, and the slag discharge device is a belt conveyor device or a chain plate conveyor device. A plurality of second supplementary hot air distribution pipes corresponding to the top of the bottom horizontal grate bars are evenly arranged on the circumference of the lower part of the furnace body, and a slag discharge hood is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body. The slag discharge device and the second supplementary hot air distribution pipes are completely located inside the slag discharge hood. A slag discharge port corresponding to the ash collection device is arranged at one end of the slag discharge hood away from the furnace body, and a supplementary heat port is arranged at one end of the slag discharge hood close to the furnace body. The supplementary heat port is connected with the supplementary heat pipeline, and an air volume regulating valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline.

[0012] The upper part of the bag filter is provided with a treated flue gas outlet, and the treated flue gas outlet is connected to the connecting pipe between the cyclone dust collector and the bag filter through the desulfurization device;

[0013] The desulfurization device includes a desulfurizer powder silo, a metering discharge nozzle, a receiving box, a powder conveying pipe, a powder injection head and a desulfurization dust collector. The metering discharge nozzle is fixedly installed at the lower end outlet of the inverted cone-shaped desulfurizer powder silo, the receiving box is fixedly arranged below the desulfurizer powder silo and the metering discharge nozzle outlet is located in the lower part of the receiving box. The internal chamber of the powder injection head is a Venturi structure. A compressed air channel for introducing high negative pressure airflow is arranged on the upper part of the powder injection head. The injection end of the powder injection head is connected to the interior of the desulfurization dust collector. One end of the powder conveying pipe is fixed to the bottom of the receiving box and the other end thereof is connected to the powder injection head. The inlet of the desulfurization dust collector is connected to the treated flue gas outlet and its outlet is connected to the connecting pipe between the cyclone dust collector and the bag dust collector.

[0014] The VOCs treatment device includes a low-temperature plasma generator and a high-energy ultraviolet light generator which are arranged in sequence.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention is an integrated system for treating flue gas generated by the incineration of domestic waste. The tail exhaust gas passes through a desulfurization device (removing SO2), a cyclone + bag dust removal (removing particulate matter), a gas catalytic device (removing CO and dioxins), a VOCs treatment device (removing odor), and a gas negative ion purifier (negative ion purification of gas). Through the treatment of the above devices, the tail exhaust gas meets the national standards and improves the surrounding environment;

[0017] 2. The present invention directly exchanges heat with domestic waste through hot flue gas in a closed storage device, with high heat exchange efficiency. The material temperature and water content of the gasification flash furnace are also controlled, and the oxygen required for combustion in the gasification flash furnace is the heating gas after heat exchange, which greatly improves the thermal efficiency and production capacity of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings;

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the closed material storage device in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gasification flash furnace in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of the desulfurization device in the present invention;

[0023] In the figure: 1 is a closed material storage device, 101 is a material storage bin, 102 is an ash hopper, 103 is a hot air inlet structure, 104 is a material destruction structure, 2 is a metering feeder, 3 is a gasification flash furnace, 301 is a material inlet, 302 is a material spreading plate, 303 is a heat preservation inspection door, 304 is a heat supplement port, 305 is an air volume regulating valve, 306 is a slag discharge cover, 307 is a high temperature resistant structural layer, 308 is a second hot air supplement distribution pipe, 309 is a bottom horizontal grate bar, 310 is a slag discharge device, 311 is a high temperature combustion chamber, 312 is a heat exchange interlayer, 313 is an air outlet pipe, 314 is a heat exchange fin, 315 is a first hot air supplement distribution pipe, 316 is a concave grate bar, 317 is an upper horizontal grate bar, 318 is a porous expansion port, 319 is a combustion aid, 320 is a secondary air inlet, 321 is a secondary air outlet, 322 is a rapid cooling flue gas outlet, 323 is a first axial flow fan, 324 is a residual hot air discharge port, 325 is a preheat exchanger, 326 is a second axial flow fan, 327 is a combustion aid port, 4 is a heat exchanger, 5 is a cyclone dust collector, 6 is a desulfurization device, 601 is a desulfurizer powder bin, 602 is a metering discharge nozzle, 603 is a receiving box, 604 is a powder conveying pipe, 605 is a powder injection head, 606 is a desulfurization dust collector, 7 is a bag filter, 8 is an ash collection device, 9 is a flue gas catalytic device, 10 is a flue gas induced draft fan, 11 is a VOCs fan, 12 is a VOCs treatment device, and 13 is a gas negative ion purifier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention is an integrated system for treating flue gas from incineration of domestic waste, comprising a closed material storage device 1, a metering feeder 2, a gasification flash furnace 3, a heat exchanger 4, a cyclone dust collector 5, a bag dust collector 7, an ash collection device 8, a flue gas catalytic device 9, a flue gas induced draft fan 10, a VOCs fan 11, a VOCs treatment device 12 and a gas negative ion purifier 13. The upper end of the closed material storage device 1 is provided with a feed inlet, the discharge port of the closed material storage device 1 is connected to the inlet of the metering feeder 2, the outlet of the metering feeder 2 is connected to the material inlet of the gasification flash furnace 3, the lower end of the gasification flash furnace 3 is provided with a slag outlet, the flue gas outlet at the upper end of the gasification flash furnace 3 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger 4, the first flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger 4 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the cyclone dust collector 5, and the flue gas outlet of the cyclone dust collector 5 is connected to the bag The flue gas inlet of the dust collector 7, the bottom ends of the cyclone dust collector 5 and the bag dust collector 7 are provided with a slag outlet, the slag outlets of the gasification flash furnace 3, the cyclone dust collector 5 and the bag dust collector 7 are correspondingly connected to the ash collection device 8, the flue gas outlet of the bag dust collector 7 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the flue gas catalytic device 9, the flue gas outlet of the flue gas catalytic device 9 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the flue gas induced draft fan 10, the flue gas outlet of the flue gas induced draft fan 10 is connected to the inner lower part of the closed storage device 1, the upper part of the closed storage device 1 is connected to the inlet of the VOCs fan 11 through a pipeline, the outlet of the VOCs fan 11 is connected to the inlet of the VOCs treatment device 12 through a pipeline, the outlet of the VOCs treatment device 12 is connected to the inlet of the gas negative ion purifier 13 through a pipeline, and the gas negative ion purifier 13 is provided with a gas discharge port.

[0026] The metering feeder 2 described in the present invention is designed as a cantilevered screw, and the discharge port has a material sealing function to prevent the hot air flow of the gasification flash furnace from overflowing, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the gasification flash furnace.

[0027] The cyclone dust collector of the present invention can perform pre-dust removal treatment on particulate matter in the flue gas.

[0028] Preferably, the closed material storage device 1 includes a storage bin 101, an ash hopper 102 and a hot air inlet mechanism 103, the storage bin 101 is fixedly mounted on the ash hopper 102, and the ash hopper 102 is a downwardly tapered structure, and a plurality of hot air inlet mechanisms 103 are arranged on the radial circumference of the bottom of the ash hopper 102, the hot air inlet mechanism 103 is a tubular structure, one end of the hot air inlet mechanism 103 extends into the interior of the ash hopper 102 and the other end thereof is connected to the smoke outlet of the smoke induced draft fan 10, and the end of the hot air inlet mechanism 103 located inside the ash hopper 102 is inclined downward.

[0029] Preferably, a material deformation device 104 is provided inside the ash hopper 102, and the material deformation device 104 includes a plurality of rotating shafts whose two ends are installed on the side walls of the ash hopper 102, each rotating shaft is provided with a palladium nail and a reamer, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a motor, and the rotation directions of adjacent rotating shafts are opposite.

[0030] Hot air flows through the bottom of the storage bin 101, and the material is tumbled by the material destruction device 104 and an air passage is left. There is a vent at the top of the storage bin 101 to connect to the VOCs fan, so the airflow in the closed storage device 1 is in a positive pressure state at the bottom of the ash hopper 102 and a negative pressure state at the top. The hot air flow directly exchanges heat with the material in reverse, which improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0031] Preferably, the gasification flash furnace 3 includes a furnace body with a furnace chamber inside, the side wall of the furnace body is a high temperature resistant structural layer 307, a material inlet 301 is provided at the upper part of the furnace body and a heat preservation inspection door 303 is provided on one side of the furnace body, the material inlet 301 is located at the lower part of one side of the furnace chamber and a material spreading plate 302 is fixedly installed, the lower part of the furnace body is sequentially provided with a concave grate bar 316, an upper horizontal grate bar 317 and a bottom horizontal grate bar 309, a slag outlet is provided at the lower end of the furnace body, an air outlet pipe 313 is provided at the upper end of the furnace body, a throat-type high temperature combustion chamber 311 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the air outlet pipe 313 located in the furnace chamber, and a high temperature The combustion chamber 311 is a structure with a contracted opening at the lower end and a multi-porous expansion opening 318 is fixedly mounted on its lower part to form a Venturi structure. A preheat exchanger 325 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the air outlet pipe 313 located above the furnace body. A tube side cavity and a shell side cavity are arranged inside the preheat exchanger 325. The shell side of the preheat exchanger 325 is connected to the high-temperature combustion chamber 311 through the air outlet pipe 313 and a residual hot air discharge port 324 is arranged on the upper part of the shell side. The residual hot air discharge port 324 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger 4. A first axial flow fan 323 and a rapid cooling flue gas outlet 322 connected to the tube side are arranged on one side of the preheat exchanger 325.

[0032] Preferably, the material spreading plate 302 is an overall sector-shaped surface with an arc and a sector angle of 30°-60°. The installation angle of the material spreading plate 302 is 30°-60° tilted downward. The material spreading plate 302 is also provided with a plurality of ventilation holes.

[0033] Preferably, a heat exchange interlayer 312 is fixedly installed above the furnace body of the gasification flash furnace 3, and the two sides of the heat exchange interlayer 312 are respectively connected to the flue gas outlet of the bag filter 7 and the flue gas inlet of the flue gas catalytic device 9, and the high-temperature combustion chamber 311 connected to the air outlet pipe 313 completely penetrates the heat exchange interlayer 312, and the heat exchange fins 314 are installed on the outer wall of the high-temperature combustion chamber 311 located inside the heat exchange interlayer 312.

[0034] Preferably, the heat exchanger 4 is provided with a second flue gas outlet, the lower part of the furnace body of the gasification flash furnace 3 is provided with a combustion-supporting port 327, a combustion-supporting device 319 is installed on the combustion-supporting port 327, and the air inlet of the combustion-supporting device 319 is connected to the second flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger 4.

[0035] Preferably, the furnace body of the gasification flash furnace 3 is equipped with a first supplementary hot air distribution pipe 315 corresponding to the concave grate bar 316, and the outlet of the first supplementary hot air distribution pipe 315 is located below the spreading plate 302, and the upper part of the preheat exchanger 325 is provided with a combustion-supporting flue gas outlet connected to the shell side, and the combustion-supporting flue gas outlet is connected to the first supplementary hot air distribution pipe 315 through a supplementary heat pipe, and a second axial flow fan 326 is provided on the supplementary heat pipe, and the air inlet of the combustion aid 319 is connected to the supplementary heat pipe.

[0036] Preferably, a slag discharge device 310 is installed below the bottom horizontal grate bar 309 of the gasification flash furnace 3, and the slag discharge device 310 is a belt conveyor device, or a chain plate conveyor device, and a plurality of second supplementary hot air distribution pipes 308 corresponding to the top of the bottom horizontal grate bar 309 are evenly arranged on the circumference of the lower part of the furnace body, and a slag discharge hood 306 is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, and the slag discharge device 310 and the second supplementary hot air distribution pipe 308 are completely located inside the slag discharge hood 306, and a slag discharge port corresponding to the ash collection device 8 is provided at the end of the slag discharge hood 306 away from the furnace body, and a supplementary heat port 304 is provided at the end of the slag discharge hood 306 close to the furnace body, and the supplementary heat port 304 is connected to the supplementary heat pipeline and an air volume regulating valve 305 is provided on the connecting pipeline.

[0037] The gasification flash furnace 3 in the present invention is of closed design, with refractory insulation in the high-temperature section and a heat exchange interlayer on the top; a spreading tray is provided at the feed inlet of the gasification flash furnace, and the materials entering the furnace are immediately dispersed, and the materials are fully pyrolyzed in the furnace; the bottom of the gasification flash furnace is of conical design, and air vents are evenly distributed on the conical surface, and a grate is provided at the bottom of the conical surface to facilitate the falling of slag; a mechanical ash removal device is provided at the lower part of the grate bar; a high-temperature resistant throat is designed in the middle of the furnace, which increases the air outlet resistance and increases the gasification and pyrolysis time of the material in the furnace; the oxygen required for the gasification flash furnace is provided by the clean high-temperature air provided by the heat exchanger, which improves the thermal efficiency of the gasification flash furnace, realizes multiple functions such as multi-layer segmented combustion, full utilization of heat energy, secondary flue gas combustion-supporting, flue gas purification, cooling and emission, and avoids garbage accumulation, incomplete combustion and other problems with an ingenious structure, which is not only simple in structure and low in cost, but also improves the incineration efficiency and incineration quality.

[0038] The heat exchanger in the present invention is a mechanical cold air supply, and the ambient air and the tail exhaust gas of the gasification flash furnace are indirectly heat exchanged. The tail exhaust gas is cooled, and a part of the heated clean air enters the gasification flash furnace, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the gasification flash furnace.

[0039] Preferably, a treated flue gas outlet is provided at the upper portion of the bag filter 7, and the treated flue gas outlet is connected to the connecting pipe between the cyclone filter 5 and the bag filter 7 through the desulfurization device 6;

[0040] The desulfurization device 6 includes a desulfurizer powder bin 601, a metering feed nozzle 602, a receiving box 603, a powder conveying pipe 604, a powder injection head 605 and a desulfurization dust collector 606. The metering feed nozzle 602 is fixedly installed at the lower end outlet of the inverted cone-shaped desulfurizer powder bin 601, the receiving box 603 is fixedly arranged below the desulfurizer powder bin 601 and the outlet of the metering feed nozzle 602 is located at the lower part of the receiving box 603. The internal chamber is a Venturi structure, and a compressed air channel for high negative pressure airflow is arranged on the upper part of the powder injection head 605. The injection end of the powder injection head 605 is connected to the inside of the desulfurization dust collector 606. One end of the powder conveying pipe 604 is fixed to the bottom of the material receiving box 603 and the other end thereof is connected to the powder injection head 605. The inlet of the desulfurization dust collector 606 is connected to the treated flue gas outlet and its outlet is connected to the connecting pipe between the cyclone dust collector 5 and the bag dust collector 7. The desulfurization device 6 is driven by the high negative pressure airflow generated by the compressed air channel to inject the powdered desulfurizer into the air duct and fully mix with the flue gas; the powdered material enters the desulfurization dust collector 606 and is attached to the inner wall, which protects the desulfurization dust collector.

[0041] Preferably, the bag filter 7 adopts a round bag design, which is not easy to be covered and easy to clean. The compressed air pulse blowing design increases the cleaning capacity, has low equipment resistance and low system energy consumption.

[0042] The inlet flue gas of the flue gas catalytic device 9 in the present invention is a gas that has been fully filtered through a bag filter, has an extremely low particle concentration, and has passed through the interlayer heat exchange of the gasification flash furnace. The gas temperature is guaranteed. The device catalyzes the gas under the required reaction conditions to eliminate harmful substances such as CO and dioxins.

[0043] Preferably, the VOCs treatment device 12 includes a low-temperature plasma generator and a high-energy purple light generator which are arranged in sequence, and the odor in the drying exhaust gas from the storage system is treated under the action of low-temperature plasma and high-energy purple light.

[0044] The ash collection system of the present invention collects the burnt slag in the gasification flash furnace 3 through the slag discharge device 310, the cyclone dust collector 5 and the bag filter 7, and centrally processes the ash through corresponding technical means to avoid environmental pollution.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated system for treating flue gas from the incineration of domestic waste, characterized in that: The invention comprises a closed material storage device (1), a metering feeder (2), a gasification flash furnace (3), a heat exchanger (4), a cyclone dust collector (5), a bag dust collector (7), an ash collection device (8), a flue gas catalytic device (9), a flue gas induced draft fan (10), a VOCs fan (11), a VOCs treatment device (12) and a gas negative ion purifier (13). The closed material storage device (1) is provided with a feed inlet at the upper end. The discharge port is connected to the inlet of the metering feeder (2), the outlet of the metering feeder (2) is connected to the material inlet of the gasification flash furnace (3), the lower end of the gasification flash furnace (3) is provided with a slag discharge port, the smoke outlet at the upper end of the gasification flash furnace (3) is connected to the smoke inlet of the heat exchanger (4), the first smoke outlet of the heat exchanger (4) is connected to the smoke inlet of the cyclone dust collector (5), and the smoke outlet of the cyclone dust collector (5) is connected to the bag dust collector ( 7), the bottom ends of the cyclone dust collector (5) and the bag dust collector (7) are both provided with a slag outlet, the slag outlets of the gasification flash furnace (3), the cyclone dust collector (5) and the bag dust collector (7) are all connected to the ash collection device (8) accordingly, the smoke outlet of the bag dust collector (7) is connected to the smoke inlet, the smoke outlet of the smoke catalytic device (9) is connected to the smoke inlet of the smoke induced draft fan (10), the smoke outlet of the smoke induced draft fan (10) is connected to the inner lower part of the closed material storage device (1), the upper part of the closed material storage device (1) is connected to the inlet of the VOCs fan (11) through a pipeline, the outlet of the VOCs fan (11) is connected to the inlet of the VOCs treatment device (12) through a pipeline, the outlet of the VOCs treatment device (12) is connected to the inlet of the gas negative ion purifier (13) through a pipeline, and the gas negative ion purifier (13) is provided with a gas discharge port; The enclosed material storage device (1) comprises a material storage bin (101), an ash hopper (102) and a hot air inlet mechanism (103); the material storage bin (101) is fixedly mounted on the ash hopper (102); the ash hopper (102) is a tapered structure with a downwardly contracted opening; a plurality of hot air inlet mechanisms (103) are arranged on the radial circumference of the bottom of the ash hopper (102); the hot air inlet mechanism (103) is a tubular structure; one end of the hot air inlet mechanism (103) extends into the interior of the ash hopper (102) and the other end thereof is connected to the smoke outlet of the smoke exhaust fan (10); and one end of the hot air inlet mechanism (103) located inside the ash hopper (102) is inclined downward; The gasification flash furnace (3) comprises a furnace body with a furnace chamber inside, the side wall of the furnace body is a high temperature resistant structural layer (307), a material inlet (301) is provided at the upper part of the furnace body and a heat preservation inspection door (303) is provided at one side of the furnace body, the material inlet (301) is located at the lower part of one side of the furnace chamber and a material spreading plate (302) is fixedly installed, the lower part of the furnace body is provided with concave grate bars (316), upper horizontal grate bars (317) and bottom horizontal grate bars (309) in sequence, a slag outlet is provided at the lower end of the furnace body, an air outlet pipe (313) is provided at the upper end of the furnace body, a throat-type high temperature combustion chamber (311) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the air outlet pipe (313) located in the furnace chamber, and the high temperature combustion chamber ( 311) is a lower end contraction structure and a multi-hole expansion (318) is fixedly mounted on its lower part to form a Venturi structure. A preheat exchanger (325) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the air outlet pipe (313) located above the furnace body. A tube side cavity and a shell side cavity are provided inside the preheat exchanger (325). The shell side of the preheat exchanger (325) is connected to the high-temperature combustion chamber (311) through the air outlet pipe (313) and a residual hot air discharge port (324) is provided on the upper part of the shell side. The residual hot air discharge port (324) is connected to the flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger (4). A first axial flow fan (323) and a quenching flue gas outlet (322) connected to the tube side are provided on one side of the preheat exchanger (325); A heat exchange interlayer (312) is fixedly installed above the furnace body of the gasification flash furnace (3), and the two sides of the heat exchange interlayer (312) are respectively connected to the flue gas outlet of the bag filter (7) and the flue gas inlet of the flue gas catalytic device (9), and the high-temperature combustion chamber (311) connected to the air outlet pipe (313) completely penetrates the heat exchange interlayer (312), and heat exchange fins (314) are installed on the outer wall of the high-temperature combustion chamber (311) located inside the heat exchange interlayer (312).

2. The integrated system for treating flue gas from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A material deformation device (104) is arranged inside the ash discharge hopper (102), and the material deformation device (104) comprises a plurality of rotating shafts with both ends mounted on the side walls of the ash discharge hopper (102), each rotating shaft being provided with a palladium nail and a reamer, the rotating shaft being driven to rotate by a motor, and the rotation directions of adjacent rotating shafts are opposite.

3. The integrated system for treating flue gas from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat exchanger 4 is provided with a second flue gas outlet, the lower part of the furnace body of the gasification flash furnace (3) is provided with a combustion-supporting port (327), a combustion-supporting device (319) is installed on the combustion-supporting port (327), and the air inlet of the combustion-supporting device (319) is connected to the second flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger (4).

4. The integrated system for treating flue gas from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The gasification flash furnace (3) is provided with a first supplementary hot air distribution pipe (315) above the corresponding concave grate bar (316) on the furnace body, and the outlet of the first supplementary hot air distribution pipe (315) is located below the spreading plate (302); the upper part of the preheat exchanger (325) is provided with a combustion-supporting flue gas outlet connected to the shell side; the combustion-supporting flue gas outlet is connected to the first supplementary hot air distribution pipe (315) through a supplementary heat pipe, and a second axial flow fan (326) is provided on the supplementary heat pipe; the air inlet of the combustion aid (319) is connected to the supplementary heat pipe.

5. The integrated system for treating flue gas from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A slag discharge device (310) is installed below the bottom horizontal grate bar (309) of the gasification flash furnace (3). The slag discharge device (310) is a belt conveyor or a chain plate conveyor. A plurality of second supplementary hot air distribution pipes (308) corresponding to the top of the bottom horizontal grate bar (309) are evenly arranged on the circumference of the lower part of the furnace body. A slag discharge cover (306) is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body. The slag discharge device (310) and the second supplementary hot air distribution pipes (308) are completely located inside the slag discharge cover (306). A slag discharge port corresponding to the ash collection device (8) is arranged at one end of the slag discharge cover (306) away from the furnace body, and a supplementary heat port (304) is arranged at one end of the slag discharge cover (306) close to the furnace body. The supplementary heat port (304) is connected to a supplementary heat pipe, and an air volume regulating valve (305) is arranged on the connecting pipe.

6. The integrated system for treating flue gas from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A treated flue gas outlet is provided at the upper portion of the bag filter (7), and the treated flue gas outlet is connected to a connecting pipe between the cyclone filter (5) and the bag filter (7) through the desulfurization device (6); The desulfurization device (6) comprises a desulfurization agent powder bin (601), a metering discharge nozzle (602), a receiving box (603), a powder conveying pipe (604), a powder injection head (605) and a desulfurization dust collector (606), wherein the metering discharge nozzle (602) is fixedly mounted at the lower end outlet of the inverted cone-shaped desulfurization agent powder bin (601), the receiving box (603) is fixedly arranged below the desulfurization agent powder bin (601) and the outlet of the metering discharge nozzle (602) is located at the lower part of the receiving box (603), and the powder injection head (605) is fixedly mounted at the lower end outlet of the inverted cone-shaped desulfurization agent powder bin (601). The internal chamber of the powder injection head (605) is a Venturi structure. A compressed air passage for introducing a high negative pressure airflow is arranged at the upper part of the powder injection head (605). The injection end of the powder injection head (605) is connected to the interior of the desulfurization dust collector (606). One end of the powder conveying pipe (604) is fixed to the bottom of the material receiving box (603) and the other end thereof is connected to the powder injection head (605). The inlet of the desulfurization dust collector (606) is connected to the treated flue gas outlet and the outlet thereof is connected to the connecting pipe between the cyclone dust collector (5) and the bag dust collector (7).

7. The integrated system for treating flue gas from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The VOCs treatment device (12) includes a low-temperature plasma generator and a high-energy ultraviolet light generator which are arranged in sequence.

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