A tunnel type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator, comprising a pyrolysis channel, a chain metal conveyor belt, a scraper and an incinerator. The pyrolysis channel is arranged obliquely, the chain metal conveyor belt is arranged in the pyrolysis channel, and a gap for air to pass through is arranged on the belt surface of the chain metal conveyor belt. The scraper is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis channel below the chain metal conveyor belt, and the material dropped to the bottom of the channel is scraped and sent to the incineration area of ​​the incinerator. The incinerator is connected with the discharge port of the pyrolysis channel. By setting the pyrolysis channel, before the incinerator incinerates the material, the hot air in the incinerator is passed into the pyrolysis channel, and the gap between the chain metal conveyor belts is passed into the bottom of the material placed on the conveyor belt, and the material is subjected to a full range of pyrolysis and gasification operations, thereby improving the pyrolysis and gasification efficiency of the material before combustion. The scraper scrapes the material dropped at the bottom of the channel to avoid the accumulation of the material in the channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pyrolysis gasification incinerator structures, and in particular to a tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator. Background Art

[0002] A pyrolysis gasifier is a device that pyrolyzes and gasifies waste gas, waste liquid, solid waste, medical waste, domestic waste and other materials under high temperature and oxygen-deficient conditions. The device has the ability to reduce, harmlessly and resourcefully dispose of biomass, and can also utilize part of the thermal energy of the incineration medium.

[0003] Before materials are put into the incinerator, they generally need to be dried. However, most drying equipment only uses hot air to dry the surface of the materials during transportation. However, the materials located inside and at the bottom of the conveying equipment are difficult to contact with the hot air. In the actual drying process, additional bulk material components are still required to break up the materials for processing. The additional drying components cause the equipment structure to be complex and the operating cost to be high. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator to solve the problems of uneven drying of the conveying equipment in the prior art and high operating costs caused by the addition of bulk material equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the inventor provides a tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator, comprising a pyrolysis channel, a metal chain conveyor, a scraper and an incinerator;

[0006] The pyrolysis channel is inclined, and a feed port and a discharge port are provided on the pyrolysis channel. The feed port is provided at an end of the pyrolysis channel with a higher height, and the discharge port is provided at an end of the pyrolysis channel with a lower height.

[0007] The chain conveyor includes a guide wheel, a metal conveyor belt and a driving motor. The metal conveyor belt and the guide wheel are partially arranged in the pyrolysis channel. The guide wheel is arranged along the length direction of the pyrolysis channel. The metal conveyor belt is sleeved on the guide wheel. The belt surface of the metal conveyor belt is provided with a gap for air to pass through. The driving motor is arranged outside the furnace body, connected to a chain or other object to drive the conveyor belt in the pyrolysis channel to transport materials.

[0008] The scraper is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis channel and below the metal conveyor belt, and is in the same direction as the chain metal conveyor belt;

[0009] The incinerator is connected to the discharge port of the pyrolysis channel, and a material incineration zone is arranged in the incinerator.

[0010] Furthermore, the incinerator also includes a roller grate, and above the roller grate is a material incineration area.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a material drop guide plate, which is obliquely arranged at the discharge end of the chain conveyor belt and is arranged above the material incineration area of ​​the incinerator.

[0012] Furthermore, the incinerator also includes a slag conveyor, which is arranged below the material incineration area of ​​the incinerator.

[0013] Furthermore, a dust reduction cooling hopper is provided below the material incineration zone of the incinerator, and coolant is stored in the dust reduction cooling hopper.

[0014] Furthermore, the incinerator also includes an air inlet, which is arranged below the material incineration zone. There are multiple air inlets, and valves are provided on the air inlets to control the air intake volume.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a material extrusion roller, which is arranged on the feed port of the pyrolysis channel.

[0016] Furthermore, the pyrolysis channel also includes a pyrolysis fume exhaust port, and the pyrolysis fume exhaust port is arranged on the pyrolysis channel.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes an explosion-proof valve, which is arranged on the wall of the pyrolysis channel or the incinerator.

[0018] Furthermore, the incinerator also includes a maintenance observation hole, which is arranged on the wall of the incinerator above the material incineration area.

[0019] Different from the prior art, the above technical solution has the following advantages: by setting up a pyrolysis channel and a chain conveyor belt in the pyrolysis channel, before the incinerator burns the material, the hot air in the incinerator is passed into the pyrolysis channel, and then passes into the bottom of the material placed on the conveyor belt from the gap between the metal conveyor belts, so that the material is subjected to all-round pyrolysis and gasification operations, thereby improving the pyrolysis and gasification efficiency of the material before combustion. The scraper arranged under the chain conveyor belt scrapes the material leaking from the gap of the chain conveyor belt so that the material can be evenly fed into the furnace for incineration, thereby avoiding tunnel accumulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the detailed structure of the metal conveyor belt in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a pyrolysis channel in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the scraper in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Description of reference numerals:

[0025] 101. pyrolysis channel; 102. material extrusion roller; 103. pyrolysis fume outlet;

[0026] 201. Chain metal conveyor belt; 202. Guide wheel; 203. Chain conveyor drive mechanism;

[0027] 301. Slag scraper; 302. Tunnel section; 303. Slag scraper driving mechanism;

[0028] 304, feeding port;

[0029] 401, incinerator furnace; 402, roller grate; 403, slag discharger;

[0030] 404, dust reduction and cooling slag bucket; 405, air inlet; 407, inspection and observation hole;

[0031] 501. Blanking guide plate;

[0032] 601, ignition burner;

[0033] 701. Explosion-proof valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to explain the technical content, structural features, achieved objectives and effects of the technical solution in detail, the following is a detailed description in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0035] Please also read Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 This embodiment discloses a tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator, including a pyrolysis channel 101, a chain metal conveyor belt 201, a scraper 301 and an incinerator 401. The pyrolysis channel 101 is provided with a feed port and a discharge port. The pyrolysis channel 101 is arranged at an angle. The feed port of the pyrolysis channel 101 is arranged at a higher end, and the discharge port of the pyrolysis channel 101 is arranged at a lower end. The chain metal conveyor belt 201 is arranged in the pyrolysis channel 101, including a guide wheel 202 arranged along the length direction of the pyrolysis channel 101, the chain metal conveyor belt 201 is sleeved on the guide wheel 202, and a material bearing surface is formed above the arrangement direction of the guide wheel 202, and a gap for hot gas to pass through is arranged on the surface of the conveyor belt 201. The scraper 301 is arranged below the chain metal conveyor belt 201. The incinerator 401 is arranged in the direction of the material outlet of the pyrolysis channel 101 and is connected to the pyrolysis channel 101 . A material incineration zone is arranged inside the incinerator 401 .

[0036] According to the above structure, during the operation of the tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace, the material is put into the pyrolysis channel, the material is carried by the chain metal conveyor belt in the pyrolysis channel, and is transported from the feed port of the pyrolysis channel to the discharge port. During the transportation process, a small amount of smaller-sized parts of the material pass through the gaps in the metal conveyor belt and fall to the bottom of the tunnel, and are scraped by the scraper into the incinerator and burned together with the material fed by the chain metal conveyor belt. During the transportation of the material on the material-carrying surface of the chain metal conveyor belt, the hot air released by the incinerator is passed into the pyrolysis channel, and the material is dried and pyrolyzed by the gaps in the chain metal conveyor belt and the surface of the material. The material is subjected to a full range of pyrolysis and gasification operations to avoid the difficulty of passing hot air into the middle part of the material covered by the conveyor belt or accumulated, thereby improving the pyrolysis and gasification efficiency of the material before combustion. After the material is transported and dried on the chain metal conveyor belt, it falls into the material burning area of ​​the incinerator and is ignited by the burned material or the ignition and combustion equipment installed on the incinerator for combustion. After the combustion of the material is completed, the ash of the material moves from the drum grate to the end of the grate and falls into the cooling slag hopper installed below the material burning area of ​​the incinerator for discharge, completing the incineration of the material.

[0037] See also Figure 1 In some preferred embodiments, a roller grate 402 is further included, and the roller grate 402 is arranged on the material incineration zone of the incinerator 401. By using the roller grate as the material carrying device of the material incineration zone, it is convenient for the air below the material incineration zone to enter the material incineration zone during the material combustion process, thereby improving the material combustion efficiency, and after the material is burned, the roller grate pushes the ash to the cooling slag hopper below the incinerator, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

[0038] See also Figure 1 In some preferred embodiments, it also includes a material drop guide plate 501, which is arranged at the discharge end of the chain metal conveyor belt 201 and is inclined above the material incineration zone. By setting the material drop guide plate, the material is guided by the material drop guide plate during the process of falling from the chain metal conveyor belt to the material incineration zone of the incinerator, and falls evenly to the initial end of the roller grate in the material incineration zone of the incinerator.

[0039] See also Figure 1In some preferred embodiments, if the incinerator uses a roller grate as a material incineration platform, the end of the material conveying direction of the material drop guide plate faces the initial end of the upper surface movement direction of the roller grate. The material is burned during the transportation of the roller grate. After the combustion is completed, the material ash moves from the initial end to the end of the roller grate and falls into the cooling slag hopper below the incinerator. The combustion process of the material in the movement process is realized, and it can be fully burned, avoiding the problem of incomplete combustion of the material caused by the traditional stacking method of burning the material, and the difficulty in separating the material and the ash, and the ash produced by the combustion can be automatically discharged.

[0040] See also Figure 1 In some preferred embodiments, a slag conveyor 403 is further included. The slag conveyor 403 is arranged below the material incineration area of ​​the incinerator 401 and can be a screw conveyor. By using a screw conveyor, the ash in the cooling slag hopper can be continuously collected and discharged to avoid the problem of slag blockage.

[0041] See also Figure 1 In some preferred embodiments, a dust reduction cooling slag hopper 404 is further included. The dust reduction cooling slag hopper 404 is arranged below the material incineration zone of the incinerator 401. An opening is arranged above the dust reduction cooling slag hopper to communicate with the incinerator. A coolant is stored in the slag hopper, and the coolant may be water. By providing a dust reduction cooling slag hopper, when the ash and slag after the material is burned are scattered, dust is avoided, and dust is avoided from being re-involved in the material incineration zone or entering the pyrolysis channel.

[0042] See also Figure 1 In some preferred embodiments, the slag conveyor 403 is tilted and one end is immersed in the coolant of the dust reduction cooling slag bucket. By immersing one end of the slag conveyor in the coolant, the ash that has been treated with dust reduction and precipitated can be collected and discharged, thereby avoiding high temperature of the ash to damage the equipment and improving the extraction efficiency of light and heavy ash slag.

[0043] See also Figure 1 In some preferred embodiments, it also includes a material squeezing roller 102, which is arranged on the feed port of the pyrolysis channel 101. By setting the material squeezing roller, it is possible to avoid blockage of the material during the feeding process, and it is beneficial to evenly feed the material, avoiding the problem of too much or too little material in a certain section during the material transportation process. It also increases the density of the material at the entrance by squeezing, avoids smoke overflowing from the feed inlet, improves the stability of combustion in the incinerator and prevents air pollution.

[0044] See also Figure 1In some preferred embodiments, it also includes a pyrolysis flue gas exhaust port 103, which is arranged above the pyrolysis channel 101 and close to the feed port. By setting the pyrolysis flue gas exhaust port and selecting the position, the heat energy of the flue gas can be fully utilized to dry and pyrolyze the material, and finally the pyrolysis flue gas can be centrally collected and processed through the pipeline.

[0045] See also Figure 1 In some preferred embodiments, an explosion-proof valve 701 is further included, and the explosion-proof valve 701 is arranged on the pyrolysis channel 101 or the incinerator 401. By setting the explosion-proof valve, when an accidental explosion occurs in the incinerator, the instantaneous impact force is prevented from causing damage to the equipment by means of pressure relief.

[0046] See also Figure 1 In some preferred embodiments, it also includes a maintenance observation hole 407, which is arranged on the furnace wall above the material incineration platform of the incinerator 401. By setting the inspection hole and the observation hole, in this embodiment, the number of the inspection observation holes is two, which are used as inspection holes and observation holes respectively, so that the material incineration status can be observed and the maintenance inside the equipment can be carried out. The inspection holes and the observation holes are preset with observation windows and shielding doors.

[0047] See also Figure 3 In some preferred embodiments, an inclined surface is provided on the pyrolysis channel between the chain metal conveyor belt of the pyrolysis channel and the scraper, and the inclined surface is adapted from the width of the chain metal conveyor belt to the width of the scraper. By providing the inclined surface between the chain metal conveyor belt of the hot channel and the scraper, the slag is easily concentrated from the chain metal conveyor belt to the scraper for centralized transmission, thereby preventing the slag from being scattered in the pyrolysis channel.

[0048] See also Figure 4 In some preferred embodiments, the scraper adopts a conveyor belt structure, and a partition is provided on the belt surface of the conveyor belt structure. By providing the partition, it is convenient to concentrate the finely dispersed slag and avoid the inconvenience of transportation caused by the scattered slag.

[0049] In the above embodiment, the scraper includes a guide wheel, a metal scraper plate and a driving motor. The metal scraper plate and the guide wheel are arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis channel and below the metal conveyor belt, in the same direction as the metal conveyor belt, and the materials leaking from the gaps of the conveyor belt are scraped onto the roller grate in the incinerator to be burned together with the materials delivered by the chain conveyor belt; its driving motor is arranged on the outside of the furnace, connected to a chain or other objects to drive the scraper in the furnace to work.

[0050] In the above embodiments, the chain-type metal conveyor belt is made of low-carbon steel or other materials, and is provided with chains or other structures on both sides.

[0051] In certain preferred embodiments, a chain metal conveyor belt is provided in the pyrolysis channel, and the materials leaking from the chain metal conveyor belt are directly scraped into the incinerator by a scraper at the bottom of the tunnel.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the material is a material of a size that can be carried by the chain metal conveyor belt.

[0053] It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described in this article, the scope of patent protection of the present invention is not limited thereby. Therefore, based on the innovative concept of the present invention, changes and modifications made to the embodiments described herein, or equivalent structures or equivalent process changes made using the contents of the present specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applying the above technical solutions to other related technical fields are all included in the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator, characterized in that: It includes pyrolysis tunnel, chain metal conveyor belt, scraper and incinerator; The pyrolysis channel is inclined, and a feed port and a discharge port are provided on the pyrolysis channel. The feed port is provided at an end of the pyrolysis channel with a higher height, and the discharge port is provided at an end of the pyrolysis channel with a lower height. The chain-type metal conveyor belt is arranged in the pyrolysis channel, and comprises a guide wheel and a metal conveyor belt. The guide wheel is arranged along the length direction of the pyrolysis channel, the metal conveyor belt is sleeved on the guide wheel, and a gap is provided on the belt surface of the metal conveyor belt for air to pass through; The scraper is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis channel and below the metal conveyor belt, and is in the same direction as the chain metal conveyor belt; The incinerator is connected to the discharge port of the pyrolysis channel, and a material incineration zone is provided in the incinerator; The incinerator also includes a roller grate, and above the roller grate is a material incineration area; It also includes a material drop guide plate, which is obliquely arranged at the discharge end of the chain metal conveyor belt and is arranged above the material incineration area of ​​the incinerator; When the material falls from the chain metal conveyor belt to the material combustion zone of the incinerator, it is guided by the falling guide plate and falls evenly to the initial end of the roller grate in the material combustion zone of the incinerator.

2. The tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The incinerator also includes a slag conveyor, which is arranged below the material incineration area of ​​the incinerator.

3. The tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust reduction cooling slag hopper is provided below the material incineration zone of the incinerator, and a coolant is stored in the dust reduction cooling slag hopper.

4. The tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The incinerator also includes an air inlet, which is arranged below the roller grate in the material incineration area, and there are more than one air inlet.

5. The tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a material extrusion roller, which is arranged on the feed port of the pyrolysis channel.

6. The tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis channel also includes a pyrolysis fume exhaust port, and the pyrolysis fume exhaust port is arranged on the pyrolysis channel.

7. The tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an explosion-proof valve, which is arranged on the pyrolysis channel or the furnace wall of the incinerator.

8. The tunnel-type biomass pyrolysis gasification incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The incinerator also includes a maintenance observation hole, which is arranged on the wall of the incinerator above the material incineration area.

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