A highly flame-retardant special optical cable

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of optical cables, and relates to a highly flame-retardant special optical cable. The highly flame-retardant special optical cable comprises a cable core and a ceramic polyolefin layer, a fire-blocking layer, a ceramic mica tape layer, an annular tight-fitting sensing layer and an outer sheath coated on the cable core from the inside to the outside. The optical fiber, water-blocking material, a flame-retardant loose sleeve and a central reinforcement member constitute a cable core with flame-retardant and water-blocking properties. In the present invention, the structural design of the annular tight-fitting sensing layer enables the optical cable to send out an induction signal when it is endangered by a fire, which is conducive to rapid rescue; the design of the fire-blocking layer in the middle of the double-layer ceramic flame-retardant material achieves a multi-layer three-dimensional flame-retardant effect. The optical cable of the present invention has the characteristics of environmental protection, high flame retardancy, low shrinkage, high and low temperature resistance, high strength and cracking resistance, and aging resistance, and is suitable for data transmission in the field of dedicated lines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of optical cables, and in particular relates to a highly flame-retardant special optical cable. Background Art

[0002] Since its advent, optical fiber communication has developed very rapidly due to its advantages such as low loss, wide transmission bandwidth, large capacity, small size, light weight, anti-electromagnetic interference, and low crosstalk. With the coming of the 5G era of the Internet of Everything, the application of optical fiber is becoming more and more diverse. However, a large number of optical cables are laid in large stadiums, subway tunnels, large shopping malls, etc. with dense crowds. Once a fire occurs, not only communication is affected but also secondary damage is likely to occur. For example, the thick smoke produced by the burning of optical cables can cause damage to the respiratory tract or even suffocation. If rescue is not timely, the burning of the optical cable itself will also contribute to the spread of the fire. The current communication optical cables cannot resist the above problems. Therefore, for some customers with higher safety requirements, a highly flame-retardant special optical cable is needed to ensure communication while preventing secondary damage. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems described in the background technology and to provide a highly flame-retardant special optical cable, which can not only prevent the optical cable from participating in combustion when a fire occurs, causing an instantaneous interruption of communication, but also the high flame-retardant properties of the optical cable can win precious time for rescue.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A highly flame-retardant special optical cable comprises a cable core and a ceramic polyolefin layer (5), a fire-breaking layer (6), a ceramic mica tape layer (7), an annular tight-fitting sensing layer and an outer sheath (10) coated on the cable core from the inside to the outside;

[0006] The cable core is composed of an optical fiber (1), a water-blocking material (2), a flame-retardant loose tube (3), and a central reinforcement member (4); 2 to 10 optical fibers (1) are placed in the flame-retardant loose tube (3); the water-blocking material (2) is filled between the optical fiber (1) and the inner wall of the flame-retardant loose tube (3); 3 to 8 flame-retardant loose tubes (3) are twisted into a cable core with a circular cross-section with the central reinforcement member (4) as the center; the optical fiber (1) is an ultra-low loss optical fiber; the water-blocking material (2) is a flame-retardant water-blocking yarn or a water-blocking tape; the material of the flame-retardant loose tube (3) is a reinforced halogen-free flame-retardant polybutylene methacrylate; the central reinforcement member (4) is made of a high-strength self-flame-retardant glass fiber material, a glass fiber reinforced flame-retardant composite material or an aramid fiber reinforced composite material, to form a cable core with flame-retardant and water-blocking properties;

[0007] The ceramic polyolefin layer (5) is a low-smoke halogen-free ceramic polyolefin extruded on the outer surface of the cable core;

[0008] The fire-breaking layer (6) is composed of hydrocarbon surfactant, fluorocarbon surfactant, flame retardant and additives;

[0009] The ceramic mica tape layer (7) is a ceramic double-sided synthetic mica tape;

[0010] The annular tight sleeve sensing layer is composed of an ultra-strong, ultra-low-loss, bending-insensitive temperature-feeding optical fiber ribbon (8) and an annular tight sleeve (9), and the annular tight sleeve (9) is made of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer;

[0011] The outer protective layer (10) is a low expansion crust halogen-free highly flame-retardant polyolefin.

[0012] The present invention achieves high flame retardancy of the optical cable and improves the safety of the use of the optical cable from the following aspects:

[0013] 1. The present invention adopts a structural design of an annular tight-fitting sensing layer composed of an ultra-strong and ultra-low loss bending-insensitive temperature-feeding optical fiber ribbon (8) and an annular tight-fitting tube (9), wherein the optical fiber adopts an ultra-strong and ultra-low loss bending-insensitive temperature-feeding optical fiber, which can monitor the temperature in real time, so that the optical cable sends out a sensing signal when it is damaged by fire, thereby forming a rapid rescue and facilitating rapid rescue.

[0014] 2. The present invention achieves physical and chemical multi-type three-dimensional flame retardant effects by arranging multiple flame retardant layers from the inside to the outside. The invention includes: a flame retardant loose tube (3) is arranged in the cable core, and a central reinforcement (4) made of a glass fiber reinforced flame retardant composite material or an aramid fiber reinforced composite material made of a high-strength self-flame retardant glass fiber material, which strengthens the protection and support of the cable body, improves the flexibility and compression resistance of the optical cable, and can be laid and used in a wider range of ambient temperature; the ceramic polyolefin layer (5) is a low-smoke halogen-free ceramic polyolefin extruded on the outer surface of the cable core, and the ceramic mica tape layer (7) is a ceramic double-sided synthetic mica tape, forming a double-layer dense ceramic structure, which can form a hard ceramic armor cooling and heat-insulating fire-resistant layer after high-temperature combustion, protects the line from being blocked, and does not produce toxic gases and thick smoke when roasted in fire. After ceramicization, the optical cable The invention can withstand the sudden drop in temperature during firefighting and has good impact resistance, thereby ensuring the safety of the communication line when a fire occurs. The outer protective layer (10) is a low expansion crusting halogen-free high flame retardant polyolefin, which has a low crusting temperature and a fast speed. When exposed to high temperatures, the ceramic body has high strength and has excellent cooling, heat insulation and fire retardant properties. A fire-breaking layer (6) is arranged between the ceramic polyolefin layer (5) and the ceramic mica tape layer (7), and is composed of a hydrocarbon surfactant, a fluorocarbon surfactant, a flame retardant and an auxiliary agent. When burning, the agent can form and expand a thin water film on the surface of the combustible material, so that the combustible material is isolated from the air to achieve fire extinguishing. The invention has the characteristics of high efficiency flame retardancy, strong resistance to re-ignition, fast fire extinguishing speed, extremely strong permeability, etc., and will not cause pollution to surrounding equipment and space.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are that, through the structural design of the annular tight-fitting sensing layer, the optical cable sends out a sensing signal when it is damaged by fire, which is conducive to rapid rescue; the design of the fire layer separated in the middle of the double-layer ceramic flame-retardant material achieves a multi-type and multi-level three-dimensional flame-retardant effect. The optical cable of the present invention has the characteristics of environmental protection, high flame retardancy, low shrinkage, high and low temperature resistance, high strength and crack resistance, and anti-aging, and is suitable for data transmission in the field of dedicated lines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a highly flame-retardant special optical cable;

[0017] In the figure, 1 is optical fiber, 2 is water-blocking material, 3 is flame-retardant loose tube, 4 is central reinforcement, 5 is ceramicized polyolefin layer, 6 is fire-breaking layer, 7 is ceramicized mica tape layer, 8 is super-strong and ultra-low loss bending-insensitive temperature-feeding optical fiber tape, 9 is annular tight tube, and 10 is outer sheath layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings.

[0019] This embodiment is a highly flame-retardant special optical cable. Figure 1 The cross-sectional diagram of a highly flame-retardant special optical cable comprises a cable core and a ceramic polyolefin layer (5) coated on the cable core from the inside to the outside, a fire-breaking layer (6), a ceramic mica tape layer (7), an annular tight-fitting sensing layer and an outer sheath (10).

[0020] The cable core is a cable core with flame retardant and water blocking properties, and is composed of an optical fiber (1), a water blocking material (2), a flame retardant loose tube (3), and a central reinforcement member (4). 2 to 10 optical fibers (1) are placed in the flame retardant loose tube (3), and the water blocking material (2) is filled between the optical fiber (1) and the inner wall of the flame retardant loose tube (3). 3 to 8 flame retardant loose tubes (3) are twisted into a cable core with a circular cross section with the central reinforcement member (4) as the center. The optical fiber (1) is an ultra-low loss optical fiber, the water blocking material (2) is a flame retardant water blocking yarn or a water blocking tape, the material of the flame retardant loose tube (3) is a reinforced halogen-free flame retardant polybutylene methacrylate, and the central reinforcement member (4) is made of a high-strength self-flame retardant glass fiber material, a glass fiber reinforced flame retardant composite material or an aramid fiber reinforced composite material.

[0021] The ceramic polyolefin layer (5) is low-smoke halogen-free ceramic polyolefin extruded on the outer surface of the cable core;

[0022] The fire-breaking layer (6) is composed of a hydrocarbon surfactant, a fluorocarbon surfactant, a flame retardant and an additive;

[0023] The ceramic mica tape layer (7) is a ceramic double-sided synthetic mica tape;

[0024] The annular tight sleeve sensing layer is composed of an ultra-strong, ultra-low-loss, bending-insensitive temperature-feeding optical fiber ribbon (8) and an annular tight sleeve (9), wherein the annular tight sleeve (9) is made of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer;

[0025] The outer protective layer (10) is a low expansion crust halogen-free highly flame-retardant polyolefin.

[0026] In the present invention, a structural design of an annular tight-fitting sensing layer is formed by a super-strong and ultra-low-loss bending-insensitive temperature-feeding optical fiber belt (8) and an annular tight-fitting tube (9), wherein the optical fiber adopts a super-strong and ultra-low-loss bending-insensitive temperature-feeding optical fiber, which can monitor the temperature in real time, so that the optical cable sends out a sensing signal when it is damaged by fire, forming a rapid rescue, which is conducive to rapid rescue.

[0027] By arranging multiple flame retardant layers from the inside to the outside, a multi-type three-dimensional flame retardant effect of physical and chemical properties is achieved. The invention comprises: a flame retardant loose tube (3) is arranged in the cable core, and a central reinforcement (4) made of a glass fiber reinforced flame retardant composite material or an aramid fiber reinforced composite material made of a high-strength self-flame retardant glass fiber material, which strengthens the protection and support of the cable body, improves the flexibility and pressure resistance of the optical cable, and can be laid and used in a wider range of ambient temperature; the ceramic polyolefin layer (5) is a low-smoke halogen-free ceramic polyolefin extruded on the outer surface of the cable core, and the ceramic mica tape layer (7) is a ceramic double-sided synthetic mica tape, forming a double-layer dense ceramic structure, which can form a hard ceramic armor cooling and heat-insulating fire-resistant layer after high-temperature combustion, protects the line from being blocked, and does not produce toxic gases and thick smoke when roasted in fire. After ceramicization, the optical cable The invention can withstand the sudden drop in temperature during firefighting and has good impact resistance, thereby ensuring the safety of the communication line when a fire occurs. The outer protective layer (10) is a low expansion crusting halogen-free high flame retardant polyolefin, which has a low crusting temperature and a fast speed. When exposed to high temperatures, the ceramic body has high strength and has excellent cooling, heat insulation and fire retardant properties. A fire-breaking layer (6) is arranged between the ceramic polyolefin layer (5) and the ceramic mica tape layer (7), and is composed of a hydrocarbon surfactant, a fluorocarbon surfactant, a flame retardant and an auxiliary agent. When burning, the agent can form and expand a thin water film on the surface of the combustible material, so that the combustible material is isolated from the air to achieve fire extinguishing. The invention has the characteristics of high efficiency flame retardancy, strong resistance to re-ignition, fast fire extinguishing speed, extremely strong permeability, etc., and will not cause pollution to surrounding equipment and space.

[0028] The present invention is applicable to data transmission in the field of dedicated lines.

[0029] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A highly flame-retardant special optical cable, characterized in that: It comprises a cable core and a ceramic polyolefin layer (5) coated on the cable core from the inside to the outside, a fire-breaking layer (6), a ceramic mica tape layer (7), an annular tight-fitting sensing layer and an outer sheath (10); The cable core is composed of an optical fiber (1), a water-blocking material (2), a flame-retardant loose tube (3), and a central reinforcement member (4); 2 to 10 optical fibers (1) are placed in the flame-retardant loose tube (3); the water-blocking material (2) is filled between the optical fiber (1) and the inner wall of the flame-retardant loose tube (3); 3 to 8 flame-retardant loose tubes (3) are twisted into a cable core with a circular cross-section with the central reinforcement member (4) as the center; the optical fiber (1) is an ultra-low loss optical fiber; the water-blocking material (2) is a flame-retardant water-blocking yarn or a water-blocking tape; the material of the flame-retardant loose tube (3) is a reinforced halogen-free flame-retardant polybutylene methacrylate; the central reinforcement member (4) is made of a high-strength self-flame-retardant glass fiber material, a glass fiber reinforced flame-retardant composite material or an aramid fiber reinforced composite material, to form a cable core with flame-retardant and water-blocking properties; The ceramic polyolefin layer (5) is a low-smoke halogen-free ceramic polyolefin extruded on the outer surface of the cable core; The fire-breaking layer (6) is composed of hydrocarbon surfactant, fluorocarbon surfactant, flame retardant and additives; The ceramic mica tape layer (7) is a ceramic double-sided synthetic mica tape; The annular tight sleeve sensing layer is composed of an ultra-strong, ultra-low loss, bending-insensitive temperature feeding optical fiber ribbon (8) and an annular tight sleeve (9). The optical fiber ribbon (8) uses an ultra-strong, ultra-low loss, bending-insensitive temperature feeding optical fiber, which can monitor the temperature in real time, so that the optical cable sends a sensing signal when it is damaged by fire. The annular tight sleeve (9) is made of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer. The outer protective layer (10) is a low expansion crust halogen-free highly flame-retardant polyolefin.

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