A hydrolysis reactor for treating solid waste and its application method

Abstract

The present invention specifically relates to a hydrolysis reactor, which produces specific enzyme preparations by ultra-high temperature treatment of solid waste, accelerates cell disruption and dissolution, and accelerates anaerobic digestion. The solid waste to be disposed in the enzyme production area can produce enzymes due to high temperature. The enzymes are the products of microorganisms in the solid waste and do not need to be added additionally; the solid waste in the enzyme production area continuously produces enzyme preparations, which are continuously supplied for anaerobic digestion; different solid wastes produce different enzymes due to their different compositions, but the enzymes produced by a certain type of solid waste are more specific and targeted to this type of substance, and are more conducive to the anaerobic digestion of this type of substance. The integration of enzyme production, enzyme storage, and hydrolysis realizes the continuous production and continuous addition of enzyme preparations; the sludge digestion process using the reactor can reduce the volatile solids of sludge by 40% to 60% within 3 to 15 days; the food waste digestion process using the reactor can reduce the volatile solids of food waste by 40% to 80% within 3 to 15 days. The reactor has strong adaptability, good sludge reduction effect, and can produce more methane, accelerate the sludge or food waste reduction process, and save solid waste disposal costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of resource utilization and reduction of solid waste, and specifically relates to a hydrolysis reactor, the main purpose of which is to produce specific enzyme preparations by ultra-high temperature treatment of solid waste such as sludge and kitchen waste, accelerate the cell fragmentation and dissolution and the hydrolysis of macromolecular organic matter, and thus accelerate the anaerobic digestion process. Background Art

[0002] Biological method is currently the most economical and effective means of sewage treatment, but a large amount of sludge will be generated in the process of sewage treatment. In 2016, the amount of sludge generated in my country has exceeded 30 million tons. And as my country attaches great importance to sewage treatment, the amount of sludge generated will continue to increase. It is estimated that the amount of sludge generated in my country will reach 60-90 million tons in 2020. As a by-product of sewage treatment, sludge contains a large number of pathogenic microorganisms and parasite eggs. If it is directly discharged without proper treatment, these harmful microorganisms will be transmitted to humans through animals and plants, causing serious public health problems. At the same time, sludge contains a large number of organic pollutants, and the direct discharge of these organic pollutants will cause secondary pollution to groundwater and soil. Untreated sludge is easy to rot and has a bad smell, which will seriously affect the normal life of surrounding residents. Kitchen waste is the living waste formed by residents in the process of life consumption. It is also easy to rot, emit a bad smell, and spread bacteria and viruses. With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the amount of urban kitchen waste is increasing. Improper disposal of kitchen waste can cause huge harm, such as affecting the city’s appearance and living environment, and spreading diseases.

[0003] Anaerobic digestion is a commonly used technology for sludge treatment and food waste disposal. Anaerobic digestion is a process in which organic matter in solid waste is gradually degraded and converted into methane, carbon dioxide, and water under anaerobic conditions by anaerobic microorganisms. The advantage of this technology is that it can convert part of the organic matter in solid waste into methane, thereby recycling the organic matter. However, since hydrolysis is the limiting step of the reaction in the anaerobic digestion process, the reaction rate is slow, the reaction cycle is long, the investment cost is high, and the process management is also relatively complex.

[0004] The present invention provides a reactor which utilizes enzyme preparations produced by microorganisms to break cells, dissolve organic matter, and accelerate the decomposition of macromolecular organic matter, thereby quickly achieving the reduction of solid waste and saving disposal costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems of low solid waste reduction efficiency and long reaction time in conventional anaerobic digestion, in combination with the above background technology, the present invention provides a reactor for accelerating anaerobic digestion and an application method thereof.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The reactor comprises three parts, an enzyme production area, an enzyme storage area and a hydrolysis area.

[0008] The solid waste includes sludge or kitchen waste, and the kitchen waste refers to the kitchen waste after preliminary screening and crushing.

[0009] When the reactor treats the sludge, the three areas react as follows:

[0010] Enzyme production area: a small amount of sludge to be disposed is placed and subjected to high-temperature and oxygen treatment. The aeration volume per cubic meter of sludge is 0.05~0.2m³. During this process, the temperature in this area can naturally rise to 60~90℃. Under high temperature conditions, the sludge produces specific enzyme preparations, including cellulase, amylase, lipase, protease, lysozyme and lignin catalase. These enzymes can destroy the cell wall and cell membrane of cells and accelerate the dissolution of organic matter in cells. The reaction in this area adopts a batch reaction, and the reaction time of each batch is 3~18h. After the reaction, 1 / 3~1 / 2 of the sludge is discharged into the enzyme storage area for standby use.

[0011] Enzyme storage area: After the sludge reacts in the enzyme production area, it enters the enzyme storage area for temporary storage. Afterwards, the sludge containing specific enzyme preparations continuously enters the hydrolysis area through a transfer pump.

[0012] Hydrolysis zone: This area is used for sludge hydrolysis. After the sludge to be treated enters the hydrolysis zone, it is hydrolyzed using the specific enzyme preparation in the sludge input from the upper part. Under the action of the enzyme, the soluble organic matter in the sludge can be significantly increased within 6 to 48 hours, and the SCOD / TCOD increases to 25% to 40%.

[0013] When treating sludge, the reactor utilizes the microorganisms contained in the sludge to produce enzymes and perform hydrolysis.

[0014] When the reactor treats the food waste, the three areas react as follows:

[0015] Enzyme production area: a small amount of food waste to be disposed of and a certain amount of activated sludge are placed and treated at high temperature. The activated sludge is added only once as inoculated sludge, and the amount added is 30%~60% of the volume of the enzyme production area. The aeration volume per cubic meter of solid waste is 0.05~0.2m³. During this process, the temperature in this area can naturally rise to 60~90℃. Under high temperature conditions, microorganisms produce specific enzyme preparations, including cellulase, amylase, lipase, protease, lysozyme and lignin catalase. These enzymes can destroy the structure of macromolecular organic matter and accelerate the hydrolysis of organic matter. The reaction in this area adopts a sequential batch reaction, and the reaction time of each batch is 2~10h. After the reaction, 1 / 3~1 / 2 of the food waste is discharged into the enzyme storage area for standby.

[0016] Enzyme storage area: After reacting in the enzyme production area, the food waste enters the enzyme storage area for temporary storage. Afterwards, the food waste containing specific enzyme preparations continuously enters the hydrolysis area through a conveying pump.

[0017] Hydrolysis zone: This zone is used for the hydrolysis of food waste. First, activated sludge is added to the hydrolysis zone. The activated sludge is added only once as inoculated sludge, and the amount added is 20%~50% of the volume of the hydrolysis zone. After that, the food waste enters the hydrolysis zone in a quantitative manner and is hydrolyzed under the action of specific enzyme preparations. The soluble organic matter in the food waste can be significantly increased within 3~24 hours, and the SCOD / TCOD increases to 30%~70%.

[0018] When the reactor is used to process food waste, the microorganisms in the activated sludge added to the enzyme production area decompose the food waste and produce enzymes under high temperature, which is the source of specific enzyme preparations. The role of the specific enzyme preparation is to accelerate the "hydrolysis" step, so that macromolecular organic matter such as cellulose and oil is decomposed and broken, which is conducive to the subsequent reaction. The purpose of adding activated sludge to the hydrolysis zone is to achieve the complete decomposition of solid waste through the joint action of enzymes and microorganisms, and complete the process of "hydrolysis → acidification → hydrogen and acetic acid production → methane production". In order to accelerate the decomposition and enzyme production process, the activated sludge is preferably anaerobic sludge or anaerobic digestion sludge.

[0019] It should be pointed out that the amount of solid waste disposed in the enzyme production area is 1%~10% of the total amount of solid waste to be disposed, and its moisture content is 70%~90%; the moisture content of solid waste in the hydrolysis area is 90%~97%.

[0020] The reactor can be used in an anaerobic digestion process, which specifically includes: a reactor 1, an anaerobic fermentation tank 2, a mud-water separation system 3, and an anaerobic treatment tank 4. The process flow is: the solid waste to be disposed is first hydrolyzed in the reactor 1, and then enters the anaerobic fermentation tank 2 for fermentation, and the fermentation time is 3 to 10 days (for sludge) or 2 to 7 days (for kitchen waste); after the fermentation is completed, it is discharged into the solid-liquid separation system 3, and the solid is dehydrated after precipitation, and the fermentation liquid enters the anaerobic treatment tank 4 for further treatment.

[0021] The solid waste to be disposed in the enzyme production area can produce enzymes due to high temperature. Enzymes are the products of microorganisms in solid waste and do not need to be added additionally, saving the cost of purchasing commercially available enzyme preparations. The sludge in the enzyme production area continuously produces enzyme preparations and is continuously supplied for anaerobic digestion. Different solid wastes produce different enzymes due to their different components, but the enzymes produced by a certain type of solid waste are more specific and targeted to that type of sludge, that is, they are more conducive to the anaerobic digestion of this type of solid waste and accelerate the reduction process of solid waste.

[0022] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that when commercially available enzyme preparations are used for hydrolysis, there are problems of poor adaptability and high cost. The present invention uses solid waste to be disposed to produce specific enzyme preparations. These enzymes are more targeted at the hydrolysis of solid waste, can accelerate the crushing and dissolution of cells, and promote the hydrolysis of sludge organic matter. Traditional anaerobic digestion processes usually require pretreatment of sludge, etc. When anaerobic digestion is performed using the reactor described in the present invention, a good hydrolysis effect can be achieved without setting up a pretreatment section, which simplifies the anaerobic digestion process and reduces investment and operating costs. The use of the reactor described in the present invention can greatly increase methane production, and the methane can be reused as an energy source.

[0023] The reactor of the present invention integrates the enzyme production, enzyme storage and hydrolysis processes into one reactor, which reduces the reactor footprint, saves resources, and realizes the continuous production and continuous addition of enzyme preparations; the traditional anaerobic sludge digestion process can only reduce the sludge by 30% in 20-30 days, and the sludge digestion process of the reactor can reduce the volatile solids of the sludge by 40%-60% within 3-15 days; the traditional anaerobic food waste digestion process can only reduce the food waste by 30% in 15-20 days, and the food waste digestion process of the reactor can reduce the volatile solids of the food waste by 40%-80% within 3-15 days. The reactor has strong adaptability, good sludge reduction effect, and can produce more methane, accelerate the sludge or food waste reduction process, and save solid waste disposal costs. In addition, based on the action of specific enzyme preparations, the reactor can effectively deodorize and avoid the problem of obvious odor in the anaerobic digestion process; the reactor has a simple structure, good sludge hydrolysis effect, can be matched into the conventional digestion process, and has universal applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A reactor for accelerating anaerobic digestion and its process flow chart

[0025] Figure 2 The reactor and process flow diagram of anaerobic digestion in the comparative example

[0026] Reference numerals

[0027] 1-reactor; 2-anaerobic fermentation tank; 3-mud-water separation system; 4-fermentation liquid anaerobic treatment tank; 5-delivery pump 1; 6-aeration pump; 7-mixer 1; 8-enzyme production area; 9-enzyme storage area; 10-delivery pump 2; 11-hydrolysis area 1; 12-delivery pump 3; 13-mixer 2; 14-delivery pump 4; 15-mixer 3; 16-exhaust hole 1; 17-water inlet pump 1; 18-exhaust hole 2;

[0028] 19-reactor 2; 20-anaerobic fermentation tank 2; 21-solid-liquid separation system 2; 22-fermentation liquid anaerobic treatment tank 2; 23-delivery pump 5; 24-hydrolysis zone 2; 25-agitator 4; 26-delivery pump 6; 27-agitator 5; 28-exhaust hole 3; 29-water inlet pump 2; 30-exhaust hole 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0030] Figure 1 The present invention is a reactor for accelerating anaerobic digestion and its process flow chart.

[0031] Set up a reaction device such as Figure 1 The process flow is described as follows:

[0032] Description of the reactor operation process: A portion of the solid waste to be disposed enters the enzyme production area 8 through the delivery pump 1 (5), the enzyme production area 8 is properly aerated by the aeration pump 6, and the agitator 1 (7) is turned on to properly disturb the solid waste. After the solid waste is fully reacted in the enzyme production area 8, enzyme-containing solid waste is formed, and then the enzyme-containing solid waste is discharged into the enzyme storage area 9 and continuously injected into the hydrolysis area 11 through the delivery pump 2 (10). Most of the solid waste to be disposed enters the hydrolysis area 11 through the delivery pump 3 (12). Under the action of the agitator 2 (13), these solid wastes are fully mixed with the enzyme-containing solid waste input from the enzyme storage area 9, and the organic matter in the solid waste is gradually hydrolyzed.

[0033] Description of the anaerobic digestion process: After the solid waste to be disposed is hydrolyzed in the reactor 1, it flows into the anaerobic fermentation tank 2 through the delivery pump 4 (14). The agitator 3 (15) is turned on intermittently to allow the solid-liquid mixture to fully ferment in the anaerobic fermentation tank 2, degrading the organic matter into methane, carbon dioxide and water, etc., so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the amount of solid waste. The generated gas is discharged from the exhaust hole 1 (16). The fermented solid-liquid mixture is discharged from the anaerobic fermentation tank 2 into the mud-water separation system 3. After precipitation, the supernatant is input into the fermentation liquid anaerobic treatment tank 4 through the water inlet pump 1 (17) for further treatment. The remaining solid is dehydrated and then disposed. Example 1

[0034] The reactor of the present invention is used to treat the residual sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant. The total amount of sludge to be treated is 100kg (water content 90%), the total solid content (TSS) of the sludge is 10kg, and the volatile solid (VSS) content is 6kg. A reactor with a total volume of 12L is established, wherein the effective volume of the enzyme production area is 1L, the effective volume of the enzyme storage area is 0.5L, and the effective volume of the hydrolysis area is 8L; the matching reactor is then used to establish an anaerobic fermentation tank with a volume of 60L and a 5L mud-water separation tank. An appropriate amount of sludge to be treated with a water content of 80% is pumped into the enzyme production area, stirring is started and the aeration volume is 0.05L, and the batch operation mode is adopted. After reacting for 3h, half of it is discharged to the enzyme storage area, and then continuously input into the hydrolysis area. The sludge to be disposed with a moisture content of 90% is pumped into the hydrolysis area through the sludge delivery pump. Under the action of the agitator, this part of the sludge is mixed with the enzyme-containing sludge input from the enzyme storage area and reacts. The organic matter in the sludge is rapidly hydrolyzed, and the insoluble organic matter is converted into soluble organic matter. The continuous flow operation mode is adopted, and the residence time is 6 hours. After the hydrolysis is completed, the SCOD / TCOD of the sludge increases by 41% when it is discharged. The hydrolyzed sludge is anaerobically fermented for 3 days, and then the mud and water are separated, and finally the fermentation liquid is deeply treated and the sludge is dehydrated. After all the sludge is digested, the gas production reduction rate is calculated, and the results are shown in Table 1. Example 2

[0035] The reactor of the present invention is used to treat the residual sludge of an industrial sewage treatment plant. The total amount of sludge to be treated is 80kg (water content 90%), the total solid content (TSS) of the sludge is 8kg, and the volatile solid (VSS) content is 4kg. The reactor and the reaction process are the same as in Example 1. An appropriate amount of sludge to be treated with a water content of 70% is pumped into the enzyme production area, stirring is turned on and the aeration volume is 0.1L, and a sequential batch operation mode is adopted. After 12h of reaction, half of it is discharged to the enzyme storage area, and then continuously input into the hydrolysis area. The sludge to be treated with a water content of 90% is pumped into the hydrolysis area through a sludge delivery pump. Under the action of the agitator, this part of the sludge is mixed with the enzyme-containing sludge input from the enzyme storage area and reacts. The organic matter in the sludge is rapidly hydrolyzed, and the insoluble organic matter is converted into soluble organic matter. The continuous flow operation mode is adopted, the residence time is 36h, and the SCOD / TCOD of the sludge increases by 34% when discharged after the hydrolysis is completed. The hydrolyzed sludge was anaerobic fermented for 8 days, followed by mud and water separation, and finally the fermentation liquid was deeply treated and the sludge was dehydrated. After all the sludge was digested, the gas production reduction rate was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 2. Example 3

[0036] The reactor of the present invention is used to treat the kitchen waste of a university cafeteria. The total amount of kitchen waste to be treated is 100kg (water content 90%), the total solid content (TSS) of the kitchen waste is 10kg, and the volatile solid (VSS) content is 9kg. A new reactor with a total volume of 12L is established, wherein the effective volume of the enzyme production area is 1L, the effective volume of the enzyme storage area is 0.5L, and the effective volume of the hydrolysis area is 8L; the new reactor is matched and then a 60L anaerobic fermentation tank and a 5L solid-liquid separation tank are respectively established. First, anaerobic sludge is added to the enzyme production area and the hydrolysis area of ​​the reactor, and the addition amount is 0.3L and 1.6L respectively. Then, an appropriate amount of kitchen waste to be treated with a water content of 80% is injected into the enzyme production area, stirring is turned on and aeration is carried out for 0.05L. The batch operation mode is adopted. After reacting for 2h, half of it is discharged to the enzyme storage area, and then continuously input into the hydrolysis area. The food waste to be disposed with a moisture content of 90% is pumped into the hydrolysis area through the food waste delivery pump. Under the action of the agitator, this part of the food waste is mixed with the enzyme-containing food waste input from the enzyme storage area and reacts. The organic matter in the food waste is rapidly hydrolyzed, and the insoluble organic matter is converted into soluble organic matter. The continuous flow operation mode is adopted, and the residence time is 3h. After the hydrolysis is completed, the SCOD / TCOD of the food waste increases by 72% when it is discharged. The hydrolyzed food waste is anaerobically fermented for 2 days, and then solid-liquid separation is carried out. Finally, the fermentation liquid is deeply treated and the remaining waste is dehydrated. After all the food waste is digested, the gas production reduction rate is calculated, and the results are shown in Table 3. Comparative Example 1

[0037] The process flow of the comparative example is as follows Figure 2 (Enzyme production area and enzyme storage area are not set up). The specific process is as follows: the solid waste to be disposed enters the reactor 2 (19) through the delivery pump 5 (23), undergoes hydrolysis reaction in the hydrolysis area 2 (24), and then flows into the anaerobic fermentation tank 2 (20) through the delivery pump 6 (26). The agitator 5 (27) is turned on intermittently to allow the solid-liquid mixture to fully ferment in the anaerobic fermentation tank 2 (20), degrading the organic matter into methane, carbon dioxide and water, etc., so as to achieve the purpose of solid reduction. The generated gas is discharged from the exhaust hole 3 (28). The fermented solid-liquid mixture is discharged from the anaerobic fermentation tank 2 (20) into the solid-liquid separation system 2 (21). The supernatant after precipitation is input into the fermentation liquid anaerobic treatment tank 2 (22) through the water inlet pump 2 (29) for further treatment. The remaining solid is dehydrated and then disposed.

[0038] use Figure 2The medium process treats the residual sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant. The total amount of sludge to be treated is 100kg (water content 90%), the total solid content (TSS) of the sludge is 10kg, and the volatile solid (VSS) content is 6kg. A reactor with a total volume of 12L is established, of which the effective volume (hydrolysis zone) is 8L. The sludge to be treated with a water content of 90% is pumped into the hydrolysis zone through a sludge delivery pump and stirred appropriately. The reactor adopts a continuous flow operation mode with a residence time of 96h. After the hydrolysis is completed, the SCOD / TCOD of the sludge increases by 14% when discharged. The hydrolyzed sludge is anaerobically fermented for 15d, followed by mud and water separation, and finally the fermentation liquid is deeply treated and the sludge is dehydrated. After all the sludge is digested, the gas production reduction rate is calculated. The specific results are shown in Table 4. Comparative Example 2

[0039] The kitchen waste from a university cafeteria was treated by using a common reactor without an enzyme production and storage area. The total amount of kitchen waste to be treated was 100 kg (water content 90%), the total solid content (TSS) of the kitchen waste was 10 kg, and the volatile solid content (VSS) was 9 kg. A new reactor with a total volume of 12 L was established, and a 60 L anaerobic fermentation tank and a 5 L solid-liquid separation tank were established to match the reactor. Anaerobic sludge was added to the hydrolysis zone with an addition amount of 2.4 L. After that, the kitchen waste to be treated with a water content of 90% was pumped into the hydrolysis zone through a kitchen waste delivery pump. The organic matter in the kitchen waste was hydrolyzed, and the insoluble organic matter was converted into soluble organic matter. The continuous flow operation mode was adopted with a residence time of 48 h. After the hydrolysis was completed, the SCOD / TCOD of the kitchen waste increased by 32% when it was discharged. The hydrolyzed kitchen waste was anaerobic fermented for 8 days, and then solid-liquid separation was carried out. Finally, the fermentation liquid was deeply treated and the remaining waste was dehydrated. After all the food waste is digested, the gas production reduction rate is calculated and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0040] Both Example 1 and Example 2 use the reactor of the present invention to treat the residual sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant and the industrial sewage treatment plant, respectively. Both achieve sludge reduction in a relatively short time and produce a large amount of methane. In Comparative Example 1, the same municipal sludge as Example 1 is treated, and the sludge digestion time is 5.8 times that of Example 1, but the methane production is less than half of that of Example 1, and the sludge reduction rate is also much lower than that of Example 1, which proves that the reactor of the present invention accelerates the sludge digestion rate and improves the sludge reduction rate. Therefore, the use of the reactor of the present invention can greatly reduce the cost of sludge disposal and reduce the amount of sludge, and has a high engineering practical value.

[0041] Example 3 uses the reactor of the present invention to treat food waste, and achieves the reduction of food waste in a short time and a large amount of methane production. In Comparative Example 2, the same food waste as Example 3 is treated, and the anaerobic digestion time is 4.5 times that of Example 1, but the methane production is only half of that of Example 1, and the food waste reduction rate is also much lower than that of Example 1, which proves that the reactor of the present invention accelerates the anaerobic digestion rate of food waste and improves the food waste reduction rate. Therefore, the use of the reactor of the present invention can greatly reduce the cost of food waste disposal and reduce the amount of food waste, and has a high engineering practical value.

[0042] In addition, the reactor of the present invention is suitable for various sludge disposal systems and food waste disposal systems and has universal applicability.

Claims

1. An anaerobic digestion process, characterized in that: The solid waste to be disposed is first hydrolyzed in a hydrolysis reactor (1) and then enters an anaerobic fermentation tank (2) for fermentation; after the fermentation is completed, it is discharged into a sludge-water separation system (3), the sludge is dehydrated after sedimentation, and the fermentation liquid enters an anaerobic treatment tank (4) for further treatment; The reactor (1) comprises an enzyme production area (8), an enzyme storage area (9) and a hydrolysis area (11); the solid waste reacts in the enzyme production area (8) to produce a specific enzyme preparation, and then enters the enzyme storage area (9) for temporary storage, and then the solid waste containing the specific enzyme preparation is continuously sent to the hydrolysis area (11) through a delivery pump 2 (10), and is hydrolyzed in the hydrolysis area (11) using the specific enzyme preparation; The amount of solid waste disposed of in the enzyme production area (8) is 1% to 10% of the total amount of solid waste to be disposed; The operation process of the reactor (1) is described as follows: a part of the solid waste to be disposed enters the enzyme production area (8) through the delivery pump 1 (5), the enzyme production area (8) is properly aerated by the aeration pump (6), and the agitator 1 (7) is turned on to properly disturb the solid waste. After the solid waste is fully reacted in the enzyme production area (8), enzyme-containing solid waste is formed. Thereafter, the enzyme-containing solid waste is discharged into the enzyme storage area (9) and continuously injected into the hydrolysis area (11) through the delivery pump 2 (10). Most of the solid waste to be disposed enters the hydrolysis area (11) through the delivery pump 3 (12). Under the action of the agitator 2 (13), these solid wastes are fully mixed with the enzyme-containing solid waste input from the enzyme storage area (9), and the organic matter in the solid waste is gradually hydrolyzed; The solid waste is sludge, or a mixture of kitchen waste and activated sludge, and the activated sludge is anaerobic sludge.

2. A process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The moisture content of solid waste is 70%~90%; the moisture content of solid waste in the hydrolysis area (11) is 90%~97%.

3. A process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The solid waste is sludge; the fermentation time is 3 to 10 days.

4. A process as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The reaction conditions of the enzyme production area (8) are as follows: the aeration volume per cubic meter of sludge is 0.05~0.2m³, the reaction temperature naturally rises to 60~90°C, the reaction adopts a sequential batch method, and the reaction time of each batch is 3~18h. After the reaction is completed, 1 / 3~1 / 2 of the sludge is discharged into the enzyme storage area (9) for standby use.

5. A process as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: After the sludge to be treated enters the hydrolysis zone (11), it is hydrolyzed using the specific enzyme preparation in the sludge input from the upper part. The soluble organic matter in the sludge increases significantly within 6 to 48 hours, and the SCOD / TCOD increases to 25% to 40%.

6. A process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The solid waste is a mixture of kitchen waste and activated sludge, and the activated sludge is anaerobic sludge; the fermentation time is 2 to 7 days.

7. A process as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The reaction conditions of the enzyme production area (8) are as follows: a small amount of food waste to be disposed of and a certain amount of activated sludge are added, wherein the activated sludge is added only once as inoculated sludge, and the addition amount is 30% to 60% of the volume of the enzyme production area; the aeration volume per cubic meter of solid waste is 0.05 to 0.2 m³, the reaction temperature naturally rises to 60 to 90°C, the reaction adopts a batch reaction, and the reaction time of each batch is 2 to 10 hours. After the reaction is completed, 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the food waste is discharged into the enzyme storage area (9) for standby use.

8. A process as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: Activated sludge is added to the hydrolysis zone (11). The activated sludge is added only once as inoculum sludge, and the amount added is 20% to 50% of the volume of the hydrolysis zone. After the food waste to be disposed enters the hydrolysis zone (11), it is hydrolyzed under the action of specific enzyme preparations and microorganisms in the activated sludge. The soluble organic matter in the food waste increases significantly within 3 to 24 hours, and the SCOD / TCOD increases to 30% to 70%.

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