A bamboo combined sleeper material

Abstract

A composite sleeper material with bamboo as a base material and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein a plurality of bamboo materials with a wall thickness of more than 5 mm meeting the length requirements of the finished product are selected for the upper part, and a plurality of bamboo pieces with a wall thickness of 25 mm meeting the length requirements of the finished product are selected for the lower part, the selected bamboo materials are subjected to volatile reduction and surface roughening treatments, bamboo fixings are made of elastic steel sheets, a mixed filler of elastic adhesive and bamboo fiber powder is filled between the bamboo materials and pressed into an inner blank, a high-strength fiber cloth is coated on the outside of the inner blank in combination with a high-weather-resistant elastic adhesive, and pressed and solidified into a finished product, and when it comes to sleepers for railway turnouts, bamboo fixings can be added at different length positions according to design requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a sleeper material with a high-strength bamboo structure made by gluing bamboo materials and steel parts. Background Art

[0002] Railway sleepers are essential basic materials for railways. Currently, there are wooden sleepers, reinforced concrete sleepers, steel sleepers, and composite sleepers. Wooden sleepers require a large amount of wood. China's wood resources are relatively scarce and expensive. They have gradually been replaced by concrete sleepers on major trunk lines. However, concrete sleepers are bulky and heavy, and lack flexibility. Steel sleepers are used in some special occasions and are not a universal material. At present, composite sleepers, especially polyurethane sleepers, are being used in some railway sections that require light weight (such as railway bridges), but they are expensive.

[0003] China is one of the origins and distribution centers of bamboo plants in the world. It is the country with the richest bamboo resources and is known as the "Bamboo Kingdom". The natural bamboo forest area in the country is more than 5 million hectares, and the annual output of various types of bamboo is more than 4.5 million tons. Bamboo fiber has the characteristics of high strength, high toughness and high elasticity. It has a wide range of sources and is inexpensive. Using the high-quality characteristics of bamboo materials to make sleepers will provide high-quality and inexpensive materials for the railway industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of forest consumption by wooden sleepers and high cost of composite sleepers, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a composite sleeper material with bamboo as the base material. For those skilled in the art, the features and advantages of the present invention will be obvious after reading the following implementation description.

[0005] Solutions to its technology

[0006] A manufacturing method of a composite sleeper material with bamboo as a base material, wherein a plurality of bamboo materials with a wall thickness of more than 5 mm meeting the length requirements of the finished product are selected for the upper part, and a plurality of bamboo pieces with a wall thickness of 25 mm meeting the length requirements of the finished product are selected for the lower part, the selected bamboo materials are subjected to volatile reduction and surface roughening treatments, and bamboo fixings are made of elastic steel sheets, and a mixed filler of elastic adhesive and bamboo fiber powder is filled between the bamboo materials and pressed into an inner blank, and a high-strength fiber cloth is coated on the outside of the inner blank and combined with a high-weather-resistant elastic adhesive, and pressed and solidified into a finished product. When it comes to sleepers for railway turnouts, bamboo fixings can be added at different length positions according to design requirements. The effect of setting up this technical solution is: the mechanical strength of the bamboo material used is guaranteed by selecting bamboo material with a wall thickness of more than 5 mm that meets the length requirements of the finished product, and the cavity characteristics of the bamboo material will make the overall material lightweight. The lower part uses bamboo pieces with a wall thickness of more than 25 mm that meets the length requirements of the finished product, which can bear the load of the entire sleeper and adapt to the uneven ballast on the railway roadbed, ensuring that the bottom of the sleeper is evenly stressed during use. It is suitable for reducing volatiles and roughening the surface of the selected bamboo material, which can ensure the stability of the bamboo material used in the finished product. The surface roughening treatment can ensure the bonding strength between the bamboo surface and the glue during the later bonding. The bamboo fixings are made of elastic steel sheets, which meet the elastic requirements for the sleepers during use. It also solves the hidden danger of displacement of bamboo in sleepers during long-term use. Filling a mixed filler of elastic adhesive and bamboo fiber powder between bamboo materials can increase the bearing pressure of the finished product. Bamboo fiber powder and bamboo are consistent materials, which is convenient for the preparation and development of adhesive properties. Pressing them into inner blanks and coating them with high-strength fiber cloth can enhance the joint mechanical properties of sleepers. The role of high-weather-resistant elastic adhesive is not only to bond high-strength fiber cloth and inner blanks, but also to protect the weather resistance of the entire sleeper and extend the service life of the finished sleeper. All materials have elastic characteristics to meet the requirements of high-frequency rebound after force on railway sleepers. Bamboo fixings are added at different lengths to meet the installation requirements of turnout rails.

[0007] 2. The upper part uses multiple bamboo materials with a wall thickness of more than 5 mm that meet the length requirements of the finished product. The implementation scheme of this technology is: the multiple bamboo materials do not limit the number of bamboo materials used, but the number of bamboo materials used is determined by the space of the sleeper specifications limited by the different specifications of the sleepers for different purposes; the selection of bamboo materials does not limit the type and genus of bamboo materials, but the limitation of wall thickness of more than 5 mm means that bamboo materials alone can meet the quality assurance required by the invention, and no other auxiliary means are required to meet the mechanical requirements of this part of the material; when the selected bamboo material length is cut according to the length of the product, when a hollow bamboo of more than 3 cm appears, the empty tube part should be filled. The effect of setting up this technical scheme is: let the bamboo material occupy as much space as possible in the sleeper product, meet the requirements of the finished product according to the high-quality material characteristics of the bamboo material itself, save materials, reduce the weight of the finished product, and when an empty tube of more than 3 cm appears, the empty tube part should be filled to avoid mechanical weakness.

[0008] 3 The lower part uses multiple pieces of bamboo pieces with a thickness of more than 25 mm that meet the length requirements of the finished product. The solution for implementing this technology is: multiple pieces of bamboo pieces with a wall thickness of 25 mm that meet the length requirements of the finished product are arranged into a bamboo raft to form a flat plate, and a groove is set at the position where the bamboo raft is combined with the elastic steel sheet. The effect of setting the above technical solution is that the lower 25 mm bamboo raft can bear the weight as a whole, and the groove set at the position combined with the elastic steel sheet can prevent the bamboo raft from longitudinal displacement.

[0009] 4. The selected bamboo is subjected to volatile reduction and surface roughening treatment. The implementation scheme of this technology is: the selected bamboo is subjected to drying treatment at a temperature above 150 degrees, and the surface is roughened by mechanical means after drying. The effect of the above technical scheme is: the drying treatment at a temperature above 150 degrees allows the internal moisture of the bamboo to be completely volatilized, reducing the impact of the subsequent water analysis on the quality of the product, and can also prevent the mechanical differences of bamboos of different seasons and different types from being formed due to different moisture contents in actual applications. The surface roughening can improve the anchoring effect of the bamboo surface and the glue during gluing.

[0010] 5. The bamboo fixings are made of elastic steel sheets. The scheme for implementing the technology is as follows: according to the center distance of the rails applied to different sleepers, there are two symmetrical upper elastic steel sheet fixings, including fixing frames and fixing clips. The number of fixing clips matches the number of bamboo materials selected at the upper part. The fixing clips have multiple split grooves. The fixing clips are connected to the fixing frames. The fixing frames have spike bolt holes. The fixing frames have glue anchor holes. The two symmetrical fixing frames are connected by fixing strips. The symmetrical bolt center distance is equal to the center distance of the railway track. There are two symmetrical lower elastic steel sheet fixings, including fixing frames and fixing clips. The number of fixing clips matches the number of bamboo materials selected at the upper part. The fixing clips have multiple split grooves. The fixing clips are connected to the fixing frames. The fixing frames have spike bolt holes. The fixing frames have glue anchor holes. The two symmetrical fixing frames are connected by fixing strips. The symmetrical bolt center distance is equal to the center distance of the railway track. The lower fixing frames are also provided with bamboo raft clips. The lower fixing frames are inserted into the embedded grooves of the bamboo rafts. The effects of setting up the above technical scheme are: the two symmetrical upper elastic steel sheet fixings meet the symmetry requirements of the railway track, the fixing clamps have multiple split grooves to avoid the natural diameter differences of the bamboo and can be fixed in sections, the glue anchor holes on the fixing frame can allow the filler to penetrate to produce an anchoring effect, the fixing strips of the fixing frame can ensure that the center distance of the railway track does not shift after installation, and the bamboo raft clamps can ensure that the bamboo raft does not shift laterally.

[0011] 6 Fill the space between the bamboos with a mixture of elastic adhesive and bamboo fiber powder and press them into inner blanks. The implementation scheme of this technology is: after the upper and lower fixing frames, fixing clips and fixing strips are installed, the bamboo is fixed to the upper and lower bamboo fixing clips. There are still a lot of gaps between the bamboos. At this time, after the guide rail bolts are installed, fill the space with a mixture of elastic adhesive and bamboo fiber powder, and press all the above materials into inner blanks. The effect of setting the above technical scheme is: the overall sleeper is initially formed, which is convenient for checking whether it is filled and whether the overall pressing causes internal deformation and displacement, and ensures the overall quality.

[0012] 7. The high-strength fiber cloth is coated on the outside of the inner blank and combined with a high-weather-resistant elastic adhesive to be pressed and solidified into a finished product. The implementation scheme of this technology is: the high-strength fiber cloth coated on the outside is impregnated or coated with a high-weather-resistant elastic adhesive to complete the sizing, and then coated on the outside of the inner blank, and a precise mold is used to press the finished product that meets the product's external dimensions in one go. The effect of setting up the above technical scheme is that the high-strength fiber cloth can strengthen the stress strength of the product, the high-elastic weather-resistant adhesive can extend the service life of the product, and the precise mold can simplify the subsequent processing process and improve efficiency.

[0013] 8. When it comes to railway turnout sleepers, bamboo fixings can be added at different lengths according to design requirements. The effect of setting up this technical solution is to meet the installation requirements of turnout rails.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: utilizing the high-quality material properties of bamboo to produce high-quality and high-strength biomass material composite sleepers. Since my country's bamboo resources are abundant, the use of the present invention can provide a large number of high-quality, lightweight sleepers for railway construction, save wood, and facilitate railway construction. The process is simple and suitable for large-scale production.

[0015] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings

[0016] Attached Figure 1 1 is a bamboo material; 2 is a bamboo piece; 3 is a bamboo fixing piece; 4 is a mixed filler; 5 is a finished product formed by pressing and curing a high-strength fiber cloth and a highly weather-resistant elastic adhesive; 6 is a bamboo fixing piece for a switch track.

[0017] Attached Figure 2 Schematic diagram of bamboo and filler of the present invention. 1 is bamboo; 1-1 is filler.

[0018] Attached Figure 3 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the bamboo pieces of the present invention. 2-1 is the bamboo pieces; 2-2 is the groove.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the bamboo material fixing member of the present invention. 3-1 is a fixing frame; 3-2 is a fixing clip; 3-2-1 is a fixing clip crack groove; 3-3 is a spike bolt hole; 3-4 is a bamboo raft clip; 3-5 is a glue anchor hole; 3-6 is a fixing strip; 6 is a branch track bamboo material fixing member.

[0020] Attached Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the blank pressed product of the present invention. 4 is mixed filler; 5-1 is high-strength fiber cloth; 5-2 is high weather-resistant elastic adhesive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention, further description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] See also Figure 1 As shown, a manufacturing method of a composite sleeper material with bamboo as a base material, wherein a plurality of finished bamboo materials 1 meeting the length requirements of the finished product are selected for the upper part, and a plurality of finished bamboo pieces 2 meeting the length requirements of the finished product are selected for the lower part, the selected bamboo materials are subjected to volatile reduction and surface roughening treatments, and a bamboo fixing part is made of an elastic steel sheet 3, and a mixed filler 4 of an elastic adhesive and bamboo fiber powder is filled between the bamboo materials, and a high-strength fiber cloth is coated on the outside of the inner blank and combined with a high-weather-resistant elastic adhesive to be pressed and solidified into a finished product 5. When it comes to sleepers for railway turnouts, bamboo fixing parts 6 can be added at different length positions according to design requirements.

[0023] See also Figure 2As shown, a method for manufacturing a composite sleeper material with bamboo as the base material is provided. After the selected bamboo material is cut into sections according to the length of the product, when empty tubes of more than 3 cm appear, a filler 1-1 is added to the empty tube parts for treatment.

[0024] See also Figure 3 As shown, a method for manufacturing a composite sleeper material with bamboo as the base material is used, wherein a plurality of bamboo pieces 2 meeting the length requirements of the finished product are arranged into a bamboo raft to form a flat plate, and an embedding groove 2-1 is provided at the position where the bamboo raft is combined with the elastic steel sheet to prevent the bamboo raft from longitudinal displacement.

[0025] See also Figure 4 As shown, a manufacturing method of a composite sleeper material with bamboo as a base material, with different sleeper application track center distances, there are two symmetrical upper elastic steel sheet fixings, including a fixing frame 3-1 and a fixing clamp 3-2, the fixing clamp 3-2 has multiple fixing clamp splitting grooves 3-2-1, the fixing clamp 3-2 is connected to the fixing frame 3-1, the fixing frame 3-1 has spike bolt holes 3-3, and the fixing frame 3-1 has glue anchor holes 3-5, the two symmetrical fixing frames are connected by a fixing strip 3-6, the symmetrical bolt center distance is equal to the center distance of the railway track, when it comes to sleepers for railway turnouts, bamboo fixings 6 can be added at different length positions according to design requirements.

[0026] See also Figure 5 As shown, a method for manufacturing composite sleeper wood with bamboo as the base material is provided. The gaps between the finished bamboo materials 1 are filled with fillers 4, and then the high-strength fiber cloth 5-1 is coated on the outside by impregnating or coating the high-weather-resistant elastic adhesive 5-2 to complete the gluing, and then coated on the outside of the inner blank, and a finished product that meets the requirements of the product shape and size is pressed at one time with a precise mold.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a composite sleeper material with bamboo as the base material, comprising finished bamboo material, finished bamboo pieces, elastic steel sheets, bamboo fixings, a mixed filler of elastic adhesive and bamboo fiber powder, a high-strength fiber cloth combined with a highly weather-resistant elastic adhesive, and a bamboo fixing for railway turnout sleepers, wherein: the upper A plurality of bamboo materials with a wall thickness of more than 5 mm that meet the length requirements of the finished product are selected, and the selected bamboo materials are cut according to the length of the product. A plurality of bamboo pieces with a wall thickness of 25 mm that meet the length requirements of the finished product are selected at the bottom to form a flat plate, and the selected bamboo materials are dried at more than 150 degrees to reduce volatiles and roughen the surface, and elastic steel sheets are used to make bamboo fixings. According to the center distance of the rails used for different sleepers, there are two symmetrical upper elastic steel sheet fixings and two symmetrical lower elastic steel sheet fixings. After the upper and lower fixing frames, fixing clips and fixing strips are installed, and the bamboo is fixed to the upper and lower bamboo fixing clips, a mixed filler of elastic adhesive and bamboo fiber powder is filled between the bamboo materials and pressed into an inner blank, and a high-strength fiber cloth is coated on the outside of the inner blank, and a high-weather-resistant elastic adhesive is combined by leaching or coating, and pressed and solidified into a finished product. When it comes to sleepers for railway turnouts, bamboo fixings are added at different length positions according to design requirements.

2. The method for manufacturing a composite sleeper material with bamboo as the base material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part uses multiple bamboo materials with a wall thickness of more than 5 mm that meet the length requirements of the finished product. When the selected bamboo materials are cut according to the length of the product and empty tubes of more than 3 cm appear, the empty tube parts should be filled.

3. The method for manufacturing a composite sleeper material with bamboo as the base material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part is formed of a flat plate using a plurality of bamboo strips with a thickness of more than 25 mm that meet the length requirements of the finished product, and an embedding groove is arranged at the position where the bamboo strips are combined with the elastic steel sheet.

4. The method for manufacturing a composite sleeper material with bamboo as the base material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selected bamboo is dried at a temperature above 150 degrees, and after drying, its surface is roughened mechanically.

5. The method for manufacturing a composite sleeper material with bamboo as the base material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-strength fiber cloth wrapped on the outside is impregnated or coated with a high-weather-resistant elastic adhesive to complete the gluing, and then wrapped on the outside of the inner blank. With a precise mold, the finished product that meets the requirements of the product's external dimensions is pressed at one time.

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