A perishable garbage treatment device and treatment method

Abstract

The present invention provides a perishable garbage treatment equipment and treatment method, including a hoist, a feeding device, a variable diameter dewatering machine, a turner and a silo, the turner includes a variable diameter screw pusher and a stirrer, the feeding device includes a collecting device and a crusher, the crusher is located below the collecting device, the variable diameter dewatering machine is located below the crusher, the inlet of the variable diameter screw pusher is connected to the outlet of the variable diameter dewatering machine, the outlet of the variable diameter screw pusher is connected to the inlet of the silo, the stirrer is located in the silo, and the silo is also provided with a dryer, an automatic microorganism feeder and a discharge port, the dryer is located on the inner wall of the silo, the automatic microorganism feeder is located on the top of the silo, and the discharge port is located on one side of the silo for outputting the fermented garbage. The present invention provides a perishable garbage treatment equipment and treatment method, which has high garbage treatment efficiency and safety factor, fast and uniform turning speed, low energy consumption, and high garbage conversion rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal, and in particular to a perishable garbage disposal device and method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the economy and society and the improvement of people's living standards, the amount of garbage and waste generated in the production and life processes has also increased. The phenomenon of domestic garbage occupying land and polluting the environment has become more and more obvious, especially in cities. With dense populations, the amount of garbage generated has increased rapidly year by year. The speed of garbage disposal and the earth's digestion is far less than the speed of garbage generation, which makes garbage disposal more and more difficult. This has also had a great impact on the environment in which people live, attracting widespread attention from all walks of life.

[0003] Corrodible waste accounts for a relatively large proportion of domestic waste. The existing equipment for processing corrodible waste first transports the waste, then pre-crushes, dehydrates, dries and then crushes it. For example, the publication number is CN107737658A, and the invention name is a waste treatment equipment, including a waste inlet, an extrusion chamber, a bend and a stirring chamber. The waste inlet is arranged at the front side of the upper end of the extrusion chamber, and a bend is arranged at the rear end of the extrusion chamber, and the bend is inclined upward, and a heating device is arranged around the bend, and an extrusion chamber is arranged at the rear end of the bend. However, this type of waste treatment equipment uses external heating when drying the waste, and its drying speed is slow and the safety factor is not high. At the same time, after drying, the waste is stirred and crushed. This treatment method has low waste treatment efficiency, large stirring power, high energy consumption, and low waste conversion rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a perishable garbage treatment device and method, which has high garbage treatment efficiency and safety factor, fast and uniform material turning speed, low energy consumption and high garbage conversion rate.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a perishable garbage treatment equipment, including an elevator, a feeding device, a variable diameter dehydrator, a turner and a silo, the turner includes a variable diameter screw pusher and a stirrer, the feeding device includes a collecting device and a crusher, the outlet of the elevator is located above the collecting device, and is used to lift the garbage into the collecting device, the crusher is located below the collecting device, and is used to crush the collected garbage, the variable diameter dehydrator is located below the crusher, and is used for dehydrating the crushed garbage, the inlet of the variable diameter screw pusher and the variable diameter screw pusher are connected to the feed port of the variable diameter screw pusher. The outlet of the dewatering machine is connected, and the outlet of the variable diameter spiral pusher is connected to the inlet of the silo, so as to deliver the dehydrated garbage into the silo. The agitator is located in the silo, so as to circulate and stir the garbage delivered into the silo. The silo is also provided with a dryer, an automatic microorganism feeder and an outlet. The dryer is located on the inner wall of the silo, so as to dry the garbage entering the silo. The automatic microorganism feeder is located on the top of the silo, so as to feed microorganisms to ferment the garbage. The outlet is located on one side of the silo, so as to output the fermented garbage.

[0006] By arranging the agitator and the dryer in a closed silo, the drying, stirring and fermentation are integrated. After the garbage is crushed and dehydrated, the garbage in the silo can be stirred while being dried, thereby improving the drying efficiency. At the same time, since the dryer is located inside the silo, it has a high safety factor and a good drying effect. It can stir while feeding the material, and the turning speed is fast. At the same time, an automatic microbial feeder is arranged on the silo to ferment the garbage that meets the requirements after stirring and drying. The water in the fermented garbage evaporates quickly, the fermentation speed is fast, and the fermentation time is shortened. Therefore, the energy consumption is low and the garbage conversion rate is high. The fermented garbage can be directly used as fertilizer without further treatment, thereby shortening the garbage treatment steps and time.

[0007] Preferably, a circulation machine is also included, and a circulation discharge port is also provided at the bottom of the silo. The circulation machine is located below the circulation discharge port, and the discharge port of the circulation machine is connected to the feeding port of the tipping machine, so as to circulate, stir and dry the garbage. By adding a circulation machine on the basis of the above, since it is a closed silo, the circulation machine, the tipping machine, the dryer and the silo are mutually coordinated to realize the cyclic feeding, discharging, drying and stirring of the garbage during the dehydration and fermentation process, further improving the garbage treatment efficiency, fast drying speed, fast tipping speed, greatly shortening the fermentation time and reducing energy consumption.

[0008] Preferably, the material collecting device comprises a material collecting hopper and a sewage pipe, a filter screen is provided at the bottom of the material collecting hopper for filtering oil and water in the garbage, and a sewage pipe is connected below the filter screen. By configuring the material collecting device as a material collecting hopper and a sewage pipe, the collected garbage can be roughly separated into solid and liquid, and the oil and water can be filtered, so as to facilitate the crushing of the garbage and improve the efficiency of garbage dehydration.

[0009] Preferably, the variable diameter dewatering machine includes a variable diameter spiral push rod, a dewatering device and a reducer, the output end of the reducer is connected to the input end of the variable diameter spiral push rod, the output end of the variable diameter spiral push rod is connected to the dewatering device, and is used to deliver the crushed garbage into the dewatering device, the output end of the dewatering device is connected to the feeding port of the material turning machine, the bottom of the dewatering device is provided with a filter hole, and a sewage discharge port is provided below the filter hole.

[0010] Preferably, the silo feed port is located in the middle of the silo, the variable diameter screw pusher is located below the silo feed port, and the agitator is coaxially arranged with the variable diameter screw pusher, and the tipping machine further comprises a second reducer, and the upper ends of the agitator and the variable diameter screw pusher are both connected to the second reducer. By arranging the variable diameter screw pusher in the middle of the silo, and the agitator and the variable diameter screw pusher are coaxially arranged and run simultaneously, the feeding and stirring speeds are kept consistent, and the agitator has a fast and uniform turning speed, small torque, and small power.

[0011] Preferably, the dryer is located above the silo inlet, and includes a high-temperature fan and a hot air distribution pipe. The high-temperature fan is located outside the silo and connected to the hot air distribution pipe to provide wind force inside the hot air distribution pipe. The hot air distribution pipe is located around the inner wall of the silo. Such a setting can directly heat the garbage with dry hot air and blow off moisture, with good drying effect, high drying efficiency and high safety factor.

[0012] A method for treating perishable garbage comprises the following steps:

[0013] (1) Pretreatment: Separate the solid and liquid of the garbage to be treated and discharge the liquid wastewater;

[0014] (2) Crushing treatment: crushing the separated solid waste;

[0015] (3) Dehydration and extrusion treatment: The crushed garbage is separated into dry and wet parts by dehydration and extrusion. The sewage flows into the sewage treatment system, and the dry garbage enters the sealed silo;

[0016] (4) Integrated dehydration and fermentation treatment: The dry garbage entering the sealed silo is dehydrated by hot air, and the garbage is fermented by adding aerobic microbial agents into the silo, so that hot air dehydration and fermentation treatment can be carried out in the same closed space;

[0017] (5) Discharge: The garbage is discharged from the warehouse after fermentation is completed.

[0018] By setting up the garbage treatment methods of pretreatment, crushing, dehydration and extrusion, integrated dehydration and fermentation and discharge, the corrosive garbage is filtered and dehydrated in the early stage, and then the corrosive garbage is subjected to the integrated treatment of closed hot air dehydration and fermentation in the later stage, and finally it is directly discharged from the warehouse for use, replacing the traditional external electric heating method. The garbage treatment process is simple, the treatment time is short, the safety is high, the dehydration and drying effect is good, the generated sewage is discharged in batches, and the drainage effect is good.

[0019] Preferably, in step (4), the garbage entering the sealed silo is first subjected to high-temperature hot air dehydration treatment, the temperature in the silo during the high-temperature hot air dehydration treatment is 150-200°C, and then low-temperature hot air dehydration and fermentation treatment are adopted, the temperature in the fermentation silo is 50-60°C, and the moisture content of the garbage in the silo is less than 60%. Since the silo can be subjected to hot air insulation dehydration in a closed silo environment, in order to accelerate the dehydration efficiency of the garbage, the temperature in the silo is first increased to 150-200°C and maintained at a constant temperature, and the garbage is subjected to high-temperature hot air drying treatment. When the moisture content of the garbage in the silo is as low as 60%, the temperature in the silo is adjusted to 50-60°C and maintained at a constant temperature. At this time, the ambient temperature in the silo is suitable for the survival of microorganisms, and aerobic microbial agents are added to the silo to ferment the garbage. At the same time, the dry low-temperature hot air can quickly blow off the moisture in the garbage, accelerate the fermentation speed, shorten the fermentation time, thereby further improving the overall garbage treatment efficiency and saving energy consumption.

[0020] Preferably, the aerobic microbial agent is added to the silo in step (4) at one time. Since the garbage is first subjected to high-temperature hot air removal treatment and then to low-temperature hot air dehydration and fermentation treatment, the microbial agent is added at one time before the fermentation treatment, which can better control the environment and time of the microbial agent, and also shorten the fermentation time.

[0021] Preferably, step (4) also includes circulating stirring and dehydration, wherein the dry garbage in the silo is stirred and dehydrated under the action of hot air, and the garbage falls into the circulation machine through the circulating discharge port of the silo under the action of the mixer for circulating feeding and discharging, and enters the silo again through the variable diameter spiral pusher for circulating hot air stirring and dehydration. Such a setting can perform circulating hot air, stirring, drying and dehydration processing while hot air dehydration and fermentation, and the hot air drying has good uniformity, accelerates the fermentation speed, shortens the fermentation time, and reduces energy consumption.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention changes the external electric heating method of the existing similar equipment, and places the dryer in the material compartment, which can directly heat the garbage with dry hot air and blow off the moisture, and at the same time, the circulating feeding and stirring method reduces the power of the mixer. The central mixer has a fast and uniform turning speed, small torque and power. The moisture generated when the garbage is decomposed can be circulated and dehydrated, and the dry hot air can quickly blow off the moisture in the garbage, which speeds up the fermentation speed and shortens the fermentation time. Compared with the current similar equipment, it can save about 50% of electricity and increase the garbage conversion fertilizer time by more than 1 times.

[0023] The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1-elevator, 2-feeding device, 3-variable diameter dehydrator, 4-turning machine, 5-silo, 6-circulator, 21-aggregating device, 22-crusher, 31-variable diameter spiral push rod, 32-dehydrator, 33-reducer 1, 41-variable diameter spiral pusher, 42-mixer, 43-reducer 2, 51-dryer, 52-automatic microorganism feeder, 53-silo discharge port, 54-circulation discharge port, 55-drainage port, 56-exhaust port, 211-aggregating hopper, 212-sewage pipe, 213-filter screen, 321-filter screen hole, 322-sewage discharge port, 511-high temperature fan, 512-hot air distribution pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment proposes a perishable garbage treatment device and treatment method, including a hoist 1, a feeding device 2, a variable diameter dehydrator 3, a turning machine 4, a silo 5 and a circulation machine 6.

[0028] The material turning machine 4 includes a variable diameter screw pusher 41 and a stirrer 42.

[0029] The feeding device 2 includes a collecting device 21 and a crusher 22. The outlet of the elevator 1 is located above the collecting device 21 and is used to lift the garbage into the collecting device 21. The collecting device 21 includes a collecting hopper 211 and a sewage pipe 212. A filter screen 213 is provided at the bottom of the collecting hopper 211 to filter the oil and water in the garbage. The filter screen 213 is connected to a sewage pipe 212 below to discharge the filtered oil and water. The crusher 22 is located below the collecting device 21 and is used to crush the filtered garbage.

[0030] The variable diameter dehydrator 3 is located below the pulverizer 22. The variable diameter dehydrator 3 includes a variable diameter spiral push rod 31, a dehydrator 32 and a reducer 33. The output end of the reducer 33 is connected to the input end of the variable diameter spiral push rod 31. The output end of the variable diameter spiral push rod 31 is connected to the dehydrator 32 to feed the crushed garbage into the dehydrator 32. The output end of the dehydrator 32 is connected to the feeding port of the tipping machine 4. A filter hole 321 is provided at the bottom of the dehydrator 32. A sewage discharge port 322 is provided below the filter hole 321. The sewage after the garbage is dehydrated is discharged through the sewage discharge port 322.

[0031] The feed inlet of the variable diameter screw pusher 41 is connected to the discharge port of the variable diameter dehydrator 3, and the discharge port of the variable diameter screw pusher 41 is connected to the feed inlet of the silo 5. The feed inlet of the silo 5 is located in the middle of the silo 5 and is used to feed the dehydrated garbage into the silo 5. The agitator 42 is located in the silo 5 and is coaxially arranged with the variable diameter screw pusher 41. The reducer 43 is arranged on the top of the silo 5 and is connected to the agitator 42 and the variable diameter screw pusher 41 to provide power for the agitator 42 and the variable diameter screw pusher 41 when they are working. The agitator 42 is used to circulate and stir the garbage fed into the silo 5.

[0032] The silo 5 is also provided with a dryer 51, an automatic microorganism feeder 52 and a silo discharge port 53. The dryer 51 is located above the feed port of the silo 5. The dryer 51 includes a high-temperature fan 511 and a hot air distribution pipe 512. The high-temperature fan 511 is located outside the silo 5 and connected to the hot air distribution pipe 512 to provide wind force inside the hot air distribution pipe 512. The hot air distribution pipe 512 is located around the inner wall of the silo 5 to dry the garbage entering the silo 5. The automatic microorganism feeder 52 is located at the top of the silo 5 to feed microorganisms to ferment the garbage. The silo discharge port 53 is located on one side of the silo 5 to output the fermented garbage.

[0033] The circulation machine 6 is located below the silo 5. A circulation discharge port 54 is also provided at the bottom of the silo 5. The circulation machine 6 is located below the circulation discharge port 54. The discharge port of the circulation machine 6 is connected to the feed port of the tipping machine 4. The circulation machine 6 allows the garbage in the silo 5 to enter the silo 5 again through the variable diameter screw pusher 41 for circulation stirring and drying.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention changes the external electric heating method of the existing similar equipment, and places the dryer 51 in the material compartment, which can directly heat the garbage with dry hot air and blow off the moisture. At the same time, the circulating feeding and stirring method reduces the power of the mixer. The central mixer has a fast and uniform turning speed, small torque and power. The moisture generated when the garbage is decomposed can be circulated and dehydrated, and the dry hot air can quickly blow off the moisture in the garbage, which speeds up the fermentation speed and shortens the fermentation time. Compared with the current similar equipment, it can save about 50% of electricity and increase the garbage conversion fertilizer time by more than 1 times.

[0035] The present invention provides a method for treating perishable garbage, comprising the following steps:

[0036] (1) Pretreatment: The garbage to be treated is lifted into the collecting device 21, and the garbage is separated into solid and liquid by the collecting device 21. The separated oil and water enter the sewage pipe 212 and are discharged, and the solid garbage enters the pulverizer 22;

[0037] (2) Crushing: crushing the separated solid waste using a crusher 22;

[0038] (3) Dehydration and extrusion treatment: The crushed garbage is sent to the variable diameter dehydrator 3 for dehydration and extrusion treatment to separate the dry and wet garbage. The dry garbage enters the silo 5 through the variable diameter screw pusher 41, and the sewage flows into the sewage treatment system;

[0039] (4) High-temperature hot air treatment: The dry garbage entering the silo 5 is stirred and dried by the agitator 42 and the dryer 51. The water vapor in the dry garbage evaporates due to the high temperature and is discharged through the drain port 55 and the exhaust port 56 in the silo 5.

[0040] (5) Circulation dehydration treatment: Under the action of the agitator 42, the dry garbage in the silo 5 falls into the circulation machine 6 through the circulation outlet 54 of the silo 5 for circulation dehydration treatment, and then enters the silo 5 again through the variable diameter screw pusher 41 for high-temperature hot air circulation treatment;

[0041] (6) Fermentation treatment: The dry garbage is fermented by adding aerobic microbial agents into the silo 5 at one time through the microbial automatic feeder 52, the variable diameter dehydrator 3 is turned off to stop the dehydration and extrusion treatment, and the circulation machine 6 is turned on to continue the circulation low-temperature hot air dehydration treatment;

[0042] (7) Discharge: After the garbage is fermented, it is discharged from the warehouse through the discharge port.

[0043] Preferably, the temperature monitor controls the temperature in the silo 5, and the moisture detector controls the moisture in the silo 5. During the dehydration treatment in step (4), the temperature in the silo is adjusted to 150-200°C and kept constant. The garbage is subjected to high-temperature hot air drying treatment, which is carried out simultaneously with step (5) to form a high-temperature hot air circulation treatment. After the garbage is fed into the silo, when the moisture detector detects that the moisture content of the garbage in the silo is as low as 60%, the temperature in the silo 5 is adjusted to 50-60°C and kept constant, and low-temperature hot air drying treatment is carried out. At this time, the ambient temperature in the silo 5 is suitable for the survival of microorganisms. The variable diameter dehydrator is turned off, and the circulation machine is kept on. Aerobic microbial agents are automatically added to the silo 5. Under the action of the microorganisms, the garbage begins to quickly mature, decompose, and degrade. After 20 hours, the garbage fermentation is completed and it can be taken out of the silo.

[0044] The garbage treatment method of the present invention has a simple process, few steps, short fermentation time, good dehydration and drying effect, garbage converted into fertilizer can be used directly, garbage conversion fertilizer time is increased by more than 1 times, garbage treatment capacity is improved, and the environment is effectively protected.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A perishable garbage treatment device, characterized in that: The utility model comprises an elevator, a feeding device, a variable diameter dewatering machine, a turning machine and a silo, wherein the turning machine comprises a variable diameter screw pusher and a stirrer, the feeding device comprises a collecting device and a crusher, the outlet of the elevator is located above the collecting device, and is used to lift the garbage into the collecting device, the crusher is located below the collecting device, and is used to crush the collected garbage, the variable diameter dewatering machine is located below the crusher, and is used to dewater the crushed garbage, the inlet of the variable diameter screw pusher is connected with the outlet of the variable diameter dewatering machine, the outlet of the variable diameter screw pusher is connected with the inlet of the silo, and is used to send the dehydrated garbage into the silo, the stirrer is located in the silo, and is used to circulate and stir the garbage sent into the silo, the silo is also provided with a dryer, an automatic microorganism feeder and a discharge port, the dryer is located on the inner wall of the silo, and is used to dry the garbage entering the silo, the automatic microorganism feeder is located on the top of the silo, and is used to feed microorganisms to ferment the garbage, and the discharge port is located on one side of the silo. for outputting the fermented garbage; it also includes a circulation machine, and a circulation discharge port is also provided at the bottom of the silo, the circulation machine is located below the circulation discharge port, and the discharge port of the circulation machine is connected with the feeding port of the turning machine, which is used for circulating, stirring and drying the garbage; the variable diameter dehydrator includes a variable diameter spiral push rod, a dehydrator and a reducer, the output end of the reducer one is connected with the input end of the variable diameter spiral push rod, and the output end of the variable diameter spiral push rod is connected with the dehydrator, which is used for sending the crushed garbage into the dehydrator, the output end of the dehydrator is connected with the feeding port of the turning machine, the bottom of the dehydrator is provided with a filter hole, and a sewage discharge port is provided below the filter hole.

2. The perishable waste treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material collecting device comprises a material collecting hopper and a sewage pipe. A filter screen is provided at the bottom of the material collecting hopper for filtering oil and water in the garbage. The bottom of the filter screen is connected to a sewage pipe.

3. The perishable waste treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silo feed port is located in the middle of the silo, the variable diameter screw pusher is located below the silo feed port, and the agitator and the variable diameter screw pusher are coaxially arranged. The material turning machine also includes a second reducer, and the upper ends of the agitator and the variable diameter screw pusher are both connected to the second reducer.

4. The perishable waste treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dryer is located above the material silo inlet, and includes a high-temperature fan and a hot air distribution pipe. The high-temperature fan is located outside the material silo and connected to the hot air distribution pipe to provide wind force inside the hot air distribution pipe. The hot air distribution pipe is located around the inner wall of the material silo.

5. A method for treating perishable waste using the perishable waste treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Pretreatment: Separate the solid and liquid of the garbage to be treated and discharge the liquid wastewater; (2) Crushing treatment: crushing the separated solid waste; (3) Dehydration and extrusion treatment: The crushed garbage is separated into dry and wet parts by dehydration and extrusion. The sewage flows into the sewage treatment system, and the dry garbage enters the sealed silo; (4) Integrated dehydration and fermentation treatment: The dry garbage entering the sealed silo is dehydrated by hot air, and the garbage is fermented by adding aerobic microbial agents into the silo, so that hot air dehydration and fermentation treatment can be carried out in the same closed space; (5) Discharge: The garbage is discharged from the warehouse after fermentation is completed.

6. The method for treating perishable waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step (4), the garbage entering the sealed silo is first subjected to high-temperature hot air dehydration treatment, the temperature in the silo during the high-temperature hot air dehydration treatment is 150-200°C, and then low-temperature hot air dehydration and fermentation treatment are adopted, the temperature in the silo during the fermentation treatment is 50-60°C, and the moisture content of the garbage in the silo is less than 60%.

7. The method for treating perishable waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step (4), the aerobic microbial agent is added into the silo at one time.

8. The method for treating perishable waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step (4) also includes circulating stirring and dehydrating, in which the dry garbage in the silo is stirred and dehydrated under the action of hot air. Under the action of the mixer, the garbage falls into the circulation machine through the circulating discharge port of the silo for circulating feeding and discharging, and enters the silo again through the variable diameter spiral pusher for circulating hot air stirring and dehydrating.

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