An extruder capable of automatically ejecting a screw

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of extruders, and more particularly to an extruder capable of automatically ejecting a screw. The extruder capable of automatically ejecting a screw comprises a feeding system, an extrusion system, and a discharge system connected in sequence, and also comprises a transmission system for driving the extrusion system, wherein the transmission system comprises a motor and a gearbox, and the extrusion system comprises a barrel and a screw passing through the barrel, wherein the end of the screw is connected to the gearbox, and a screw ejection mechanism is provided between the gearbox and the barrel, and the screw ejection mechanism is used to eject the screw from the barrel. The extruder capable of automatically ejecting a screw has a reasonable design, is time-saving and labor-saving, and the extruder capable of automatically ejecting a screw improves the overall equipment, optimizes the structure, and effectively solves the problems existing in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of extruders, in particular to an extruder capable of automatically ejecting a screw. Background Art

[0002] Screw extruders are widely used in food processing such as cereal foods, snack foods, nutritious rice noodles, textured protein, rice reconstitution, starch gelatinization, caramel products, pet food, aquatic feed, etc. It uses the pressure, shear force, friction, heating and other effects generated by screw extrusion to achieve processing such as crushing, kneading, mixing, maturation, sterilization, pre-drying and molding of solid food materials. Screw extruders can be used to produce puffed, textured or other shaped products.

[0003] The following problems usually exist in existing screw extruders: 1. The screw is the most important component of the screw extruder. The screw is usually set in the barrel. The inner wall of the barrel and the screw work together to extrude the material. After the extrusion is completed, the screw needs to be pulled out of the barrel for cleaning. Generally, manual labor is used to pull the screw out of the barrel. Especially when the viscosity of the material is large, manual extraction is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and it is difficult to pull out; 2. The screw extruder often uses a disc cutter as its cutting device. The rotating plane of the tool edge is parallel to the end face of the template. Usually, the cutting device will rotate out or rotate back randomly. When the blade rotates back randomly, the screw will be cut off. 3. The first molding material extruded by the screw extruder is generally waste material, and the waste material needs to be separated from the normal molding material later. In the prior art, a discharge hopper is generally used for manual separation, but some waste material will adhere to the discharge hopper, thereby polluting the subsequent molding material; 4. The material sometimes contains magnetic substances, and the screw extruder in the prior art is not designed with a structure to remove magnetic substances. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an extruder with automatic screw ejection. The extruder with automatic screw ejection improves the overall equipment and optimizes the structure of each part, thus solving the above technical problems well.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An extruder capable of automatically ejecting a screw comprises a feeding system, an extrusion system and a discharge system connected in sequence, and also comprises a transmission system for driving the extrusion system, wherein the transmission system comprises a motor and a gearbox; the extrusion system comprises a barrel and a screw passing through the barrel, the end of the screw being connected to the gearbox, and a screw ejection mechanism being provided between the gearbox and the barrel, wherein the screw ejection mechanism is used to eject the screw out of the barrel.

[0007] Preferably, the screw pushing mechanism includes a bracket connected to the screw and a driving part for driving the bracket to move.

[0008] Preferably, the bracket is provided with a through hole for the end of the screw to pass through;

[0009] The diameter of the screw located between the bracket and the gearbox and close to the through hole is not larger than the diameter of the through hole; the diameter of the screw located between the bracket and the barrel and close to the through hole is larger than the diameter of the through hole.

[0010] Preferably, the driving part is an oil cylinder, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder abuts against the bracket.

[0011] Preferably, the screw pushing mechanism further includes first guide rails arranged on both sides of the bracket, and the setting direction of the first guide rails is the same as the direction of the screw.

[0012] Preferably, the discharging system includes a head;

[0013] Second guide rails extending outward are provided on both sides of the end of the barrel, the second guide rails are arranged obliquely, and a sliding block cooperating with the second guide rails is provided on the machine head.

[0014] Preferably, the discharging system includes a die and a discharging hopper, the die is provided with an outlet, and the discharging hopper is arranged at the die outlet;

[0015] The discharging system further comprises a waste hopper arranged side by side with the discharging hopper.

[0016] Preferably, the edges of the discharge hopper and the waste hopper are provided with a clamping plate, and the machine head is provided with a clamping groove for the sliding of the clamping plate.

[0017] Preferably, the feeding system includes a feeding hopper, and a magnetic separation mechanism is provided in the feeding hopper, and the magnetic separation mechanism is used to screen out magnetic substances contained in the material.

[0018] Preferably, the magnetic separation mechanism is a plurality of magnet bars arranged at intervals in the feed hopper.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] 1. This extruder with automatic screw ejection saves manpower by setting a screw ejection mechanism between the barrel and the gearbox, and solves the problem that it is difficult to manually extract the screw from the barrel when the material viscosity is high.

[0021] 2. The extruder capable of automatically ejecting the screw solves the problem of interference between the blade and the end surface of the template by setting the second guide rails extending outward on both sides of the barrel end into an inclined structure.

[0022] 3. The extruder with automatic screw discharge can separate the waste material and normal molding material by setting a discharge hopper and a waste hopper under the head, so there is no need to worry about the waste material contaminating the normal molding material.

[0023] 4. The extruder with automatic screw discharge has a magnetic separation mechanism in the feed hopper to effectively screen the magnetic substances in the materials entering the feed hopper. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the screw ejection mechanism;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the machine head and part of the barrel;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the discharge hopper and the waste hopper;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of A;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the feed hopper.

[0032] In the figure, 1. feeding system; 1-1. feed hopper; 1-2. magnet rod; 2. transmission system; 2-1. motor; 2-2. gearbox; 2-3. second guide rail; 3. extrusion system; 3-1. screw; 3-2. barrel; 4. discharging system; 4-1. machine head; 4-2. discharging hopper; 4-3. slider; 4-4. waste receiving hopper; 4-5. clamping plate; 4-6. clamping slot; 5. screw ejection mechanism; 5-1. bracket; 5-2. through hole; 5-3. oil cylinder; 5-4. piston rod; 5-5. first guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment illustrates an extruder that can automatically eject a screw, including a feeding system 1, an extrusion system 3 and a discharge system 4 connected in sequence, and also includes a transmission system 2 for driving the extrusion system 3, the transmission system 2 includes a motor 2-1 and a gearbox 2-2, the extrusion system 3 includes a barrel 3-2 and a screw 3-1 passing through the barrel 3-2, the end of the screw 3-1 is connected to the gearbox 2-2, and a screw ejection mechanism 5 is provided between the gearbox 2-2 and the barrel 3-2, the screw ejection mechanism 5 is used to push the screw 3-1 out of the barrel 3-2.

[0037] The transmission system drives the screw to rotate, and the screws and the screw and the barrel interact with each other to extrude the material. After the extrusion is completed, the discharge system is generally unscrewed, and then the screw is pulled out of the barrel. In the existing technology, the screw is generally pulled out by manpower, that is, the screw is pulled out of the barrel from the end of the screw. When the material is highly viscous or the material and the screw fill the barrel but a machine failure occurs and is forced to stop in the middle, since the entire screw is in the barrel, there are few parts of the screw that can be effectively grasped, it is not easy to exert force, and it is difficult to pull the screw out of the barrel by manpower.

[0038] The extruder with automatic screw ejection provided in this embodiment provides a screw ejection mechanism between the barrel and the gearbox, which is equivalent to providing power at the starting end of the screw to push the screw out of the barrel. When the material is highly viscous or the machine malfunctions and the screw cannot be pulled out manually, the screw ejection mechanism can push the screw out of a part of the barrel, and then it is easier to extract it manually. This arrangement not only saves manpower, but is also convenient and quick, and improves the degree of automation.

[0039] The screw pushing mechanism 5 includes a bracket 5 - 1 connected to the screw 3 - 1 and a driving unit for driving the bracket 5 - 1 to move.

[0040] The bracket 5-1 is provided with a through hole 5-2 for the end of the screw 3-1 to pass through;

[0041] The diameter of the screw 3-1 located between the bracket 5-1 and the gearbox 2-2 and close to the through hole 5-2 is not larger than the diameter of the through hole 5-2; the diameter of the screw 3-1 located between the bracket 5-1 and the barrel 3-2 and close to the through hole 5-2 is larger than the diameter of the through hole 5-2.

[0042] The driving part is an oil cylinder 5-3, and the piston rod 5-4 of the oil cylinder 5-3 abuts against the bracket 5-1.

[0043] The screw ejection mechanism 5 further includes first guide rails 5-5 arranged on both sides of the bracket 5-1. The setting direction of the first guide rails 5-5 is the same as the direction of the screw 3-1. The first guide rails 5-5 provide guidance for the moving direction of the bracket 5-1.

[0044] The oil cylinder provides thrust for the bracket, and the piston rod faces one side of the barrel. First guide rails are set on both sides of the bracket. The setting direction of the first guide rails is consistent with the axial direction of the screw in the barrel. The figure shows three first guide rails. When the piston rod of the oil cylinder is extended, it pushes the bracket to slide along the direction of the first guide rail. The function of the first guide rail is to limit the movement direction of the bracket or to provide guidance for the first bracket.

[0045] What is more important is that the bracket can push the screw because the diameter of the screw is different on both sides of the through hole. The diameter of the screw at the through hole on one side of the barrel is larger than the diameter of the through hole, so that the bracket can push the screw, and the diameter of the screw at the through hole on the side of the gearbox is not larger than the diameter of the through hole, and preferably slightly smaller than the diameter of the through hole. This is because when the gearbox drives the screw to rotate, no additional friction will be generated between the screw and the through hole, which will not affect the rotation of the screw.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, the technical features of this embodiment that are the same as those of the embodiment are not repeated here. The technical features that are different from those of embodiment 1 are:

[0048] The discharging system 4 includes a head 4-1;

[0049] Second guide rails 2-3 extending outward are provided on both sides of the end of the barrel 3-2. The second guide rails 2-3 are inclined. A slider 4-3 cooperating with the second guide rails 2-3 is provided on the machine head 4-1.

[0050] After the extruder stops working, the screw of the extruder needs to be cleaned and the discharge system needs to be separated from the barrel. In the prior art, the head of the extruder moves along the guide rail in the direction away from the barrel, and then the screw is pulled out of the barrel. After cleaning the screw, the head is returned to its original position. The guide rail is set in a direction perpendicular to the barrel and away from the barrel. Since a tool is installed inside the head, during normal use, the tool is very close to the end of the template at the end of the barrel. When the head is away from the barrel or close to the barrel, the tool and the end of the template can easily interfere with each other. In other words, the tool may scratch the end of the template or the end of the template may damage the tool. In either case, it will cause damage to the entire machine and shorten the life of the extruder.

[0051] In this embodiment, the arrangement direction of the second guide rail is no longer perpendicular to the direction of the barrel, but the angle between the outward extending direction of the second guide rail and the barrel is slightly greater than 90°.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] like Figure 6-7 As shown, the technical features of this embodiment that are the same as those of embodiment 1-2 are not repeated here. The technical features that are different from those of embodiment 1-2 are:

[0054] The discharge system 4 includes a die head 4-1 and a discharge hopper 4-2. The die head 4-1 is provided with an outlet, and the discharge hopper 4-2 is provided at the outlet of the die head 4-1.

[0055] The discharge system 4 further includes a waste hopper 4-4 arranged side by side with the discharge hopper 4-2.

[0056] A clamping plate 4-5 is provided on the edges of the discharge hopper 4-2 and the waste hopper 4-4, and a clamping slot 4-6 for the clamping plate 4-5 to slide is provided on the machine head 4-1.

[0057] The extruder in the prior art is only equipped with a discharge hopper. Both the waste generated at the beginning and the material that needs to be collected after being extruded need to be collected from the discharge hopper. Because the extruder sometimes extrudes the product too fast, there is no time to process the waste, which will affect the quality of the required finished product, or the waste is over-processed, that is, the required product and the waste are processed together, which will cause waste.

[0058] The discharge system of this embodiment includes two hoppers, one is a waste hopper for receiving waste materials, and the other is a discharge hopper for collecting molded products in normal demand, providing the selection capability of the extruder.

[0059] The two hoppers are arranged side by side on the machine head and connected together by a card plate. Card plates are provided on both side edges of the two hoppers, and card slots are provided on both sides of the bottom of the machine head. The card plates can slide in the card slots, and the outlet is opened at the bottom of the machine head.

[0060] When it is necessary to receive waste materials, the card is manually pushed to position the waste hopper at the outlet. When it is necessary to receive the required molded products, the card is manually pulled to position the discharge hopper at the outlet. In order to facilitate the above operation, a handle can be provided on the side of the waste hopper for easy pushing and pulling.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] like Figure 8 As shown, the technical features of this embodiment that are the same as those of embodiments 1-3 are not repeated here. The technical features that are different from those of embodiments 1-3 are:

[0063] The feeding system 1 includes a feeding hopper 1-1, in which a magnetic separation mechanism is provided. The magnetic separation mechanism is used to screen out magnetic substances contained in the material.

[0064] The magnetic separation mechanism is a plurality of magnet bars 1-2 arranged at intervals in the feed hopper 1-1.

[0065] When materials contain magnetic substances that need to be screened out, conventional extruders lack such a structure, requiring manual screening before feeding. This embodiment eliminates the need for screening materials before feeding by providing multiple magnet bars within the feed hopper, which are spaced apart. As the materials enter the feed hopper, the magnetic substances they contain are attracted to the magnet bars within the hopper, improving efficiency.

[0066] The above specific implementation manner cannot be used as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any replacement, improvement or transformation made to the implementation manner of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0067] Any matters not described in detail in the present invention are well-known technologies to those skilled in the art.

[0068] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An extruder capable of automatically discharging a screw, comprising a feeding system, an extrusion system, and a discharging system connected in sequence, and also comprising a transmission system for driving the extrusion system, the transmission system comprising a motor and a gearbox, the extrusion system comprising a barrel and a screw passing through the barrel, the end of the screw being connected to the gearbox, characterized in that: A screw pushing mechanism is provided between the gearbox and the barrel, and the screw pushing mechanism is used to push the screw out of the barrel; The screw pushing mechanism includes a bracket connected to the screw and a driving unit for driving the bracket to move. The screw pushing mechanism also includes first guide rails arranged on both sides of the bracket, and the setting direction of the first guide rails is the same as the direction of the screw; The discharging system includes a machine head, and second guide rails extending outward are provided on both sides of the end of the barrel. The second guide rails are inclined, and a slider is provided on the machine head to cooperate with the second guide rails; the angle between the outward extension direction of the second guide rail and the barrel is greater than 90°.

2. The extruder capable of automatically discharging a screw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket is provided with a through hole for the end of the screw to pass through; The diameter of the screw located between the bracket and the gearbox and close to the through hole is not larger than the diameter of the through hole; the diameter of the screw located between the bracket and the barrel and close to the through hole is larger than the diameter of the through hole.

3. The extruder capable of automatically discharging a screw according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving part is an oil cylinder, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder is in contact with the bracket.

4. The extruder capable of automatically discharging a screw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharging system includes a die head and a discharging hopper, the die head is provided with an outlet, and the discharging hopper is arranged at the die head outlet; The discharging system further comprises a waste hopper arranged side by side with the discharging hopper.

5. The extruder capable of automatically ejecting a screw according to claim 4, characterized in that: The edges of the discharge hopper and the waste hopper are provided with clamping plates, and the machine head is provided with clamping grooves for the sliding of the clamping plates.

6. The extruder capable of automatically ejecting a screw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding system includes a feeding hopper, and a magnetic separation mechanism is provided in the feeding hopper. The magnetic separation mechanism is used to screen out magnetic substances contained in the material.

7. The extruder capable of automatically ejecting a screw according to claim 6, characterized in that: The magnetic separation mechanism is a plurality of magnet bars arranged at intervals in the feed hopper.

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