A special-shaped parts detection tool and detection method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tooling and a method for detecting special-shaped parts, and belongs to the technical field of workpiece detection. It comprises a first detection block and a second detection block, wherein the first detection block is vertically connected to the second detection block, a first working surface is arranged on the first detection block, a second working surface is arranged on the second detection block, and arc parts are arranged on the first working surface and the second working surface, respectively. The tooling has a simple structure, good structural rigidity, and is easy to manufacture and use. The detection method does not require the use of complex machine parts, and utilizes existing detection equipment. In addition, the dial indicator or micrometer does not need to change position during the detection process. The detection method is also relatively simple and convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of workpiece detection, and more specifically, relates to a tooling and a method for detecting special-shaped parts. Background Art

[0002] The single continuous casting machine that constitutes the continuous casting line in continuous casting production is generally called a fan-shaped segment, which is generally divided into an arc segment (or a curved segment), a straightening segment, a horizontal segment, etc. According to the different casting billets, it can be divided into slab fan-shaped segments, square billet fan-shaped segments, round billet fan-shaped segments, special-shaped billet fan-shaped segments, etc. The most common ones in production are slab fan-shaped segments and square billet fan-shaped segments. The workpieces of the fan-shaped segments are affected by factors such as heat radiation from the continuous casting billet, cooling water spraying, hot corrosive gas erosion, billet gravity, and billet pressure during work. In addition, the fan-shaped segment workpieces work continuously and uninterruptedly during the continuous casting process. Only when the corresponding workpiece is abnormal or the fan-shaped segment reaches a certain amount of over-steel, the corresponding workpiece is replaced and the workpiece is repaired offline. However, the working environment of the fan-shaped segment is harsh and the work is uninterrupted, which causes the fan-shaped segment to be replaced and repaired frequently. Maintenance is divided into offline maintenance and factory precision restoration: offline maintenance (in the off-site inspection workshop of the continuous casting site) involves replacement of roll groups, nozzles of the cooling system, parts of the lubrication system, pressure testing, arc calibration, calibration, etc. The above contents can only replace simple workpieces, and cannot completely restore the precision of large workpieces due to factors such as wear. Factory precision restoration (professional manufacturers) further disassembles the roll group to replace bearings, seals and other parts, manufactures scrapped parts, and restores the precision of the fan-shaped segment frame. The Chinese patent application number is: 200520078968.2, and the application date is: 2005.06.24, "New Fan-Shaped Segment Basic Frame", which discloses a structure of a fan-shaped segment frame.

[0003] The accuracy restoration of the fan-shaped segment frame requires the detection of the fan-shaped segment frame on the processing machine tool, the detection of the deviation between the dimensions of each part and the design drawing and the record making, which is the basic link for formulating the accuracy restoration plan of the fan-shaped segment frame. After formulating the accuracy restoration plan of the fan-shaped segment frame, the repair welding is carried out and the accuracy size is finally restored by the processing machine tool. In the process of detecting the fan-shaped segment, due to the wear and change of the working surface on the fan-shaped segment frame, it is impossible to find or difficult to find a reference relative to the working surface (because the fan-shaped segment frame is a frame structure, its design origin is generally located at the center of the fan-shaped segment frame. When measuring its exterior, due to the wear and change of the working surface, it is impossible to select the design origin as a reference point to determine the coordinates of the working surface and determine the difference between the working surface after wear and before wear). Therefore, it is difficult to use general machine tools or coordinate measuring instruments or laser trackers for detection, and it is difficult to complete the detection work.

[0004] In the prior art, the Chinese patent application number is 200710025010.0, and the application date is July 10, 2007, for "CNC machine tool precision detection and tool setting device", which includes a housing, a cover, a horizontal water column, a dial indicator or a micrometer, two dial indicators or micrometers are placed in the housing in a mutually perpendicular positional relationship in the direction of extension and contraction of the upper contacts, the cover is placed on the upper side of the housing and connected thereto, and the horizontal water column is fixed on the housing. It can complete the detection of the various motion precisions of the machine tool in the X and Z directions with one clamping, and has good stability, so that the detection result is more accurate; but it needs to design and manufacture a new dial indicator or micrometer, which is not conducive to use during the detection process.

[0005] The Chinese patent application number is 201910077488.0, and the application number is 2019.01.28, which is a "three-dimensional tester". It includes a reference plate as a working platform, a horizontal detection mechanism fixed on the reference plate, a longitudinal detection mechanism, a vertical detection mechanism, and a large-hole mandrel and a small-hole mandrel for positioning the workpiece to be tested, and a cylinder device for clamping the workpiece to be tested; the horizontal detection mechanism includes a left and right sliding mechanism, a bracket, a small-hole mandrel, and a left and right dial indicator. The vertical detection mechanism includes two side short shafts, a spring that suspends and connects the side short shafts and the bracket, and an upper and lower dial indicator. The longitudinal detection mechanism includes a front and rear sliding mechanism, a large-hole heightening pad, a large-hole mandrel, and a front and rear dial indicator. It solves the problem that the measurement of the distance, angle, etc. of special-shaped parts in the three-dimensional space direction usually uses a three-coordinate measuring machine with a customized measurement program and fixture; but it needs to develop a special three-dimensional measuring machine, which increases economic expenditure. Summary of the invention

[0006] 1. Problem to be solved

[0007] In view of the problem that existing special-shaped parts are difficult to detect, the present invention provides a special-shaped part detection tool, which has a simple structure, good structural rigidity, and is easy to manufacture and use.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting special-shaped parts, which does not require the use of complex machine parts and utilizes existing detection equipment. During the detection process, the dial indicator or micrometer does not need to change position. The detection method is also relatively simple and easy to use.

[0009] 2. Technical solution

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0011] A special-shaped parts detection tool of the present invention includes a first detection block and a second detection block, the first detection block is vertically connected to the second detection block, the first detection block is provided with a first working surface, the second detection block is provided with a second working surface, and arc parts are respectively provided on the first working surface and the second working surface.

[0012] As a further illustration of the present invention, the arc-shaped member is an arc-shaped groove or an arc-shaped protrusion.

[0013] As a further illustration of the present invention, the number of the first detection blocks is two, the number of the second detection blocks is one, the first detection blocks are respectively arranged at both ends of the second detection block, and the special-shaped part detection tooling is integrally in an "I" shape.

[0014] As a further illustration of the present invention, a positioning surface is arranged on an adjacent surface or an opposite surface of the first working surface of the first detection block, and a clamping structure is arranged on the positioning surface.

[0015] As a further illustration of the present invention, the clamping structure is a positioning groove.

[0016] As a further illustration of the present invention, a positioning hole is arranged on the first detection block or the second detection block.

[0017] A method for detecting a special-shaped part of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Place the workpiece to be detected on the detection device, correct the horizontal reference plane, and make one design reference plane of the workpiece to be detected coincide with or parallel to the horizontal reference plane;

[0019] S2. Select or machine an initial detection surface on the workpiece to be detected, and manufacture a special-shaped part detection tooling according to the initial detection surface;

[0020] S3. Clamp and fix the special-shaped part detection tooling on the initial detection surface, and install a dial indicator or a micrometer on the detection device;

[0021] S4. Control the detection device to drive the dial indicator or the micrometer to move on the arc-shaped member of the first detection block of the special-shaped part detection tooling. When the measuring rod of the dial indicator or the micrometer reaches the maximum elongation or the minimum elongation, the detection device records the position data of the dial indicator or the micrometer, which is recorded as the zero point in the X direction, and the X coordinate of the detection device is zeroed;

[0022] S5. Control the detection device to drive the dial indicator or the micrometer to move on the arc-shaped member of the second detection block of the special-shaped part detection tooling. When the measuring rod of the dial indicator or the micrometer reaches the maximum elongation or the minimum elongation, the detection device records the position data of the dial indicator or the micrometer, which is recorded as the zero point in the Z direction, and the Z coordinate of the detection device is zeroed;

[0023] S6. Control the detection device to move to the horizontal reference plane, which is recorded as the zero point in the Y direction, and the Y coordinate of the detection device is zeroed to obtain a new spatial coordinate origin (0, 0, 0);

[0024] S7. According to the new spatial coordinate origin (0, 0, 0), the detection equipment moves, and the dial indicator or micrometer measures the plane data to be measured on the surface of the workpiece to be measured, and compares the measured value with the design value on the drawing to analyze the deviation.

[0025] As a further illustration of the present invention, the detection equipment includes one of a machine tool, a coordinate measuring machine or a laser tracker.

[0026] As a further explanation of the present invention, the horizontal reference is corrected in step S1 by checking the design drawing of the workpiece to be inspected, selecting a design reference plane in the design drawing that coincides with or is parallel to the horizontal reference plane, the distance between the design reference plane and the horizontal reference plane is known, and selecting four points on the horizontal reference plane and placing them on the equal-height shims of the inspection equipment so that the four points are coplanar.

[0027] As a further explanation of the present invention, the initial detection surface in step S2 should be a horizontal surface or a non-use surface after the horizontal reference surface of the workpiece to be detected is calibrated, and the initial detection surface is parallel or perpendicular to the horizontal reference surface.

[0028] 3. Beneficial effects

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) A special-shaped part detection tool of the present invention needs to be used to determine the corresponding position coordinates during the process of detecting special-shaped parts. In daily use, a Cartesian coordinate system (rectangular coordinate system) is generally used. The coordinates of a point in space in the rectangular coordinate system are (x, y, z). When the special-shaped part is placed on the detection equipment (generally a commonly used digital detection equipment such as a machine tool and a coordinate measuring instrument), the dial indicator or micrometer probe touches the horizontal reference, and a "0" point in a coordinate direction can be determined. If the "0" points in the other two coordinate directions are to be determined, the first detection block and the second detection block need to be used to determine them respectively. The special-shaped part detection tool can be used to conveniently position the dial indicator probe at a certain origin in space without changing the position of the dial indicator, which is convenient for subsequent detection of other points;

[0031] (2) The special-shaped parts detection tool of the present invention uses an arc part to determine the origin of unknown direction coordinates in a rectangular coordinate system during the detection process. The use method is simple. The arc part is an arc-shaped groove or an arc-shaped protrusion. Both use the distance relationship between a point in a plane and a circle. The structure is simple and easy to use.

[0032] (3) In order to detect coordinates in different directions in a rectangular coordinate system, the first detection block needs to be connected to the second detection block. In order to ensure the stability of the tooling, the tooling is in the shape of an “I” as a whole, which is more stable and reliable, and is easy to fix on the special-shaped part. It has a simple structure, good rigidity, and is easy to manufacture and use.

[0033] (4) In order to facilitate the fixing of the tooling on the special-shaped part, a positioning surface needs to be provided on the tooling, and a clamping structure is provided on the positioning surface, so that the tooling can be conveniently clamped on the special-shaped part. When the positioning hole is subsequently positioned using a pin, the tooling will not be offset, further enhancing the stability of the tooling clamping on the special-shaped part;

[0034] (5) A method for detecting special-shaped parts of the present invention, based on the production of tooling for special-shaped parts, only uses ordinary detection equipment, and then uses a dial indicator and a micrometer as well as the positional relationship between a point in a plane and a circle to determine the coordinates of a rectangular coordinate system and a virtual origin in space, and performs subsequent measurements based on the newly established rectangular coordinate system. There is no need to use complex machine parts, and the detection method is relatively simple and convenient to apply;

[0035] (6) In a method for detecting irregular parts of the present invention, when a design reference plane of a design drawing coincides with a horizontal reference plane, the design zero point of the design drawing is on the horizontal plane, and when the design reference plane is parallel to the horizontal reference plane, the design zero point is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the distance between the design zero point and the horizontal plane is known, which is convenient for subsequent calculations;

[0036] (7) In a method for detecting special-shaped parts of the present invention, the height data of the initial detection surface can be used to move the detection equipment to obtain the distance between the initial detection surface and the horizontal plane (which can be obtained by the Y coordinate difference of the detection equipment). Since the distance between the design zero point and the horizontal plane is known, the distance between the initial detection surface and the design zero point can be obtained. When the tooling is formulated according to the initial detection surface, the structural dimension data of the tooling is known, and the vertical distance between the lowest point or the highest point of the arc part and the initial detection surface can be obtained. In the process of establishing a coordinate system using the tooling, a rectangular coordinate system is actually established on a plane passing through the lowest point or the highest point of the arc part of the tooling and parallel to the horizontal reference. The rectangular coordinate system is parallel to the coordinate system of the design drawing with respect to the X and Z axes and coincides with the Y axis. The distance between the arc part and the design zero point in the Y direction is known, so the rectangular coordinate system is translated along the Y axis (reflected on the detection equipment as zero at the Y coordinate). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but it should be understood that these drawings are designed only for explanation purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, unless otherwise specified, these drawings are intended only to conceptually illustrate the structural configurations described herein and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a special-shaped parts detection tooling according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning surface direction of a special-shaped part detection tooling according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of a special-shaped parts detection tooling according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a continuous casting sector frame for detecting a special-shaped part using a method for detecting a special-shaped part according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a method for detecting a special-shaped part according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention using a special-shaped part detection tool to determine a "zero point" in a coordinate direction X;

[0043] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a state of performing one-side slope plane detection after establishing a rectangular coordinate system in a method for detecting a special-shaped part according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 A method for detecting a special-shaped part according to embodiment 4 of the present invention is different from Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the state of performing the slope plane detection on the other side;

[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 5-8 Schematic diagram of the state combination;

[0046] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a method for detecting a special-shaped part according to Embodiment 4 of the invention using a special-shaped part detection tool to determine a "zero point" in a coordinate direction Z;

[0047] Fig.10 for Figure 6 The overall structure diagram of the state diagram;

[0048] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 and Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the combination.

[0049] In the accompanying drawings: 1. first detection block; 2. second detection block; 3. first working surface; 4. second working surface; 5. arc part; 6. positioning surface; 7. positioning hole; 8. machine tool; 9. dial indicator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the description, and in which exemplary embodiments of the present invention that can be implemented are shown as examples. Although these exemplary embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to implement the present invention, it should be understood that other embodiments can be implemented and various changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The following more detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but is only for the purpose of illustrating and not limiting the description of the characteristics and features of the present invention, so as to propose the best mode for performing the present invention and to enable those skilled in the art to implement the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

[0051] The following detailed description of the present invention and example embodiments may be better understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which elements and features of the present invention are identified by reference numerals.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a special-shaped parts detection tool of this embodiment is set based on the initial detection surface on the continuous casting sector frame.

[0054] The special-shaped part detection tooling of this embodiment includes a first detection block 1 and a second detection block 2. The number of the first detection blocks 1 is two, and the number of the second detection blocks 2 is one. The first detection blocks 1 are respectively arranged at both ends of the second detection block 2. The overall shape of the special-shaped part detection tooling is "I"-shaped. In the actual use process, the materials selected for the first detection block 1 and the second detection block 2 should have a small elastic coefficient and little surface friction. During the process of using the special-shaped part detection tooling for measurement, it is necessary to attach a dial indicator 9 or a micrometer magnetic base (generally using magnetic attraction, and other installation methods such as clamping and fixed connection can also be adopted) to the detection equipment, control the detection equipment to drive the dial indicator 9 or the micrometer to move, and the measuring head (the free end of the measuring rod) of the dial indicator 9 or the micrometer is gently pressed on the first detection block 1 and the second detection block 2. To reduce errors, the material elasticity of the first detection block 1 and the second detection block 2 cannot be too large; to reduce the wear of the measuring head of the dial indicator 9 or the micrometer, the surface friction needs to be reduced. Steel is easy to obtain and convenient to process, so it is a better choice. The first detection block 1 needs to be perpendicularly connected to the second detection block 2. Since the first detection block 1 and the second detection block 2 need to detect two coordinates in a plane, in a rectangular coordinate system, the two coordinates in the plane are perpendicular, so the parts for coordinate detection should also be perpendicular. In order to vertically arrange the parts for detection on the first detection block 1 and the second detection block 2, the first detection block 1 and the second detection block 2 should be set perpendicular. However, the height of the arc part 5 on the first detection block 1 and the second detection block 2 has no influence on the test result. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the movement of the dial indicator 9 from the arc part 5 on the first detection block 1 to the arc part 5 on the second detection block 2, the height of the second detection block 2 is set lower than the height of the first detection block 1. During the use process, the dial indicator 9 does not need to be lifted and can be directly translated.

[0055] A first working surface 3 is arranged on the first detection block 1, and a second working surface 4 is arranged on the second detection block 2. Arc parts 5 are respectively arranged on the first working surface 3 and the second working surface 4. The arc part 5 of this embodiment is an arc-shaped groove, and the arc-shaped grooves on the first working surface 3 and the second working surface 4 are perpendicular to each other. During the subsequent detection process, the two coordinates on the same plane in the rectangular coordinate system can be directly measured.

[0056] The opposite surface of the working surface of the first detection block 1 is a positioning surface 6. The positioning surface 6 is used to realize the clamping relationship with the special-shaped part. Therefore, it can be selected according to the initial detection surface of the special-shaped part, and as long as the clamping relationship with the initial detection surface can be realized. The special-shaped part detection tooling of this embodiment is made for the continuous casting segment frame. Since the initial detection surface is the part with protrusions, the clamping structure arranged on the positioning surface 6 is a positioning groove. Different clamping structures can be adopted according to different selections of the initial detection surface, but generally, the part that is easy to clamp should be selected.

[0057] In order to achieve a further positioning effect, a positioning hole 7 is provided on the first detection block 1 or the second detection block 2, a pin is passed through the positioning hole 7, and fastened with a fastening bolt, so as to achieve further fixation between the special-shaped part detection tooling and the special-shaped part. The positioning holes 7 of this embodiment are provided on the two first detection blocks 1, and the function of further fixing is achieved through multiple positioning holes 7. There is no limit on the number of positioning holes 7, as long as the special-shaped part detection tooling can be fixed.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] The structure of a special-shaped part detection tool in this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, both of which are aimed at the continuous casting sector segment frame, and the initial detection surface is convex. The difference is that the arc part 5 is an arc-shaped convexity.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] A special-shaped parts detection tool in this embodiment has a basically similar structure to that of Embodiment 1, except that the positioning surface 6 is adjacent to the first working surface 3 and the second working surface 4, the initial detection surface is a groove, and the snap-fit ​​structure on the surface of the positioning surface 6 is a protrusion.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] This embodiment provides a specific implementation example of a method for detecting special-shaped parts based on the continuous casting sector frame and a special-shaped part detection tool in Embodiment 1.

[0064] The following steps are involved:

[0065] S1. Set the horizontal reference of the continuous casting sector frame ( Figure 4The A datum in the middle, in this embodiment, the A datum is a design datum plane in the design drawing, and the design datum plane coincides with the horizontal datum plane) is placed on the equal-height shim of the machine tool 8 (the newly manufactured sector frame should have the A datum processed horizontally), and a feeler gauge is used to detect whether the A datum of the sector frame meets the requirements of the "Operation and Maintenance Manual" (that is, the regulations that should be met in actual operation) or the requirements of the design drawing (the A datum is used as a horizontal datum during the detection process. It must be ensured that the four points of the A datum placed on the equal-height shim are coplanar before the A datum can be regarded as a horizontal datum. The A datum is placed on the equal-height shim during use or detection, and should be coplanar, but may be non-coplanar due to force deformation. At this time, it is necessary to use a gasket of known thickness to fill it and level it, or process the A datum to level it. Since the A datum was originally designed to place the sector frame on the detection equipment, even if it is processed, the corresponding gasket is used to make up for the processing removal amount, which will not affect the subsequent use), and it is straightened according to the side vertical datum of the sector frame to complete the calibration process of the machine tool 8. During the calibration of the machine tool 8, this embodiment only selects a suitable A reference as the horizontal reference for the specific sector frame. During the actual detection process, the horizontal reference is the equal height shim of the machine tool 8 to facilitate subsequent detection.

[0066] S2. Select or process the initial detection surface on the workpiece to be tested, and make a special-shaped part detection tooling according to the initial detection surface; Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment performs detection on the sector frame. Point A7 is the coordinate origin on the design drawing of the sector frame, but point A7 is located at the spatial center of the sector frame. It is impossible to obtain the specific information of this point, and it is impossible to establish a rectangular coordinate system for testing to obtain the status data after use, and to compare the original design drawing size of the sector frame with the status data after use. Therefore, a new rectangular coordinate system is established. It is necessary to select an initial detection surface, and the special-shaped part detection tooling is manufactured based on the initial detection surface. In the process of selecting the initial detection surface, an existing plane parallel to the horizontal reference is generally selected, or a surface parallel to the horizontal reference is machined on the non-working surface of the special-shaped part. In this embodiment Figure 4 Among the six faces A1-A6, faces A3 and A4 are both parallel to the A reference (since the two faces selected in this embodiment are coplanar and will need to be repaired by surfacing welding later, even if they are not parallel to the horizontal reference, it will not affect the use of the equipment). After the initial inspection surface is selected, if the plane is not horizontal, it can be processed to be horizontal with reference to the horizontal reference. Faces A1, A2, A5, and A6 are all faces with a certain inclination angle, and are faces that need to be inspected later. The main method of making a special-shaped part inspection tool according to the initial inspection surface of the special-shaped part is to change the snap-fit ​​structure of the tool positioning surface 6. The snap-fitting of the tool with the initial inspection surface is both existing technologies. The special-shaped part inspection tool used in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1-3 The structure shown is the special-shaped parts detection tooling shown in Example 1.

[0067] S3, clamp the special-shaped part detection tool shown in Example 1 on Figure 4 On the A3 and A4 surfaces, the following Figure 5 and Fig. 9 In this state, the groove of the tool positioning surface 6 is stuck on the protrusion on the surface A3 and the surface A4 to form a snap-fit ​​structure, and then the pin passes through the positioning hole 7 to stabilize the snap-fit ​​relationship between the special-shaped part detection tool and the initial detection surface, so that the tool will not move during use. A dial indicator 9 is installed on the machine tool 8. Similarly, the micrometer can also be used on the machine tool 8. In the subsequent use process, the dial indicator 9 or the micrometer installed on the machine tool 8 will no longer move. The A3 surface and the A4 surface of this embodiment have not changed, and are the same as those in the design drawings. If they have changed, they can be milled and flattened. The height data of the initial detection surface can be used to move the detection equipment to obtain the distance between the initial detection surface and the horizontal plane (which can be obtained by the Y coordinate difference of the detection equipment). Since the distance between the design zero point and the horizontal plane is known, the distance between the initial detection surface and the design zero point can be obtained.

[0068] S4, control the machine tool 8 to drive the dial indicator 9 to move on the arc-shaped groove of the first detection block 1 of the special-shaped part detection tool (the dial indicator 9 does not rotate during the movement, and the movement direction is the X-axis direction). The arc-shaped groove is in the middle position of the first detection block 1, which is convenient for calculation. When the measuring rod of the dial indicator 9 reaches the maximum elongation, the machine tool 8 records the position data of this point, which is recorded as the zero point in the X direction, and the X coordinate on the machine tool 8 is zeroed. The dial indicator 9 of this embodiment is located directly above the symmetry plane of the arc part 5 (there is a certain angle between the dial indicator 9 and the vertical plane, which does not affect the measurement). The elongation of the measuring rod of the dial indicator 9 is the largest, and at this time, it reaches the lowest point of the arc-shaped groove of the first detection block 1.

[0069] S5. Control the machine tool 8 to drive the dial indicator 9 to move on the arc-shaped groove of the second detection block 2 of the special-shaped part detection fixture (the moving direction is the Z-axis direction). When the pointer of the dial indicator 9 points to the minimum, the elongation of the measuring rod of the dial indicator 9 is the largest. At this time, the position of the probe of the dial indicator 9 is the lowest point of the arc-shaped groove. The machine tool 8 records the position data of this point, which is recorded as the zero point in the Z direction. The Z coordinate on the machine tool 8 is zeroed (the Z coordinate zeroing is basically the same as the X coordinate zeroing). Thus, the directions of the X and Z axes and the zero points on the corresponding axes are obtained, that is, a plane rectangular coordinate system has been established, and a Y axis perpendicular to the plane rectangular coordinate system is required to establish a space rectangular coordinate system.

[0070] S6, control the machine tool 8 to move the tip of the measuring rod of the dial indicator 9 to the horizontal reference plane (in this embodiment, the height pad of the machine tool 8), at this time, record it as the zero point in the Y direction, the Y coordinate on the machine tool 8 is zeroed, and the vertical direction is the Y axis direction. Thus, the Cartesian coordinate system is established, and the spatial coordinate origin and the X, Y, and Z coordinate axes can be determined according to the data recorded by the machine tool 8.

[0071] S7. After the new coordinate system is determined, the new spatial coordinate origin (0, 0, 0) of the present embodiment is the design zero point of the design drawing. The machine tool 8 is as follows: Figure 6-8 The position shown (its overall structure diagram is as follows Fig.10 and Fig.11 The dial indicator 9 moves as shown, and measures the plane data to be measured on the surface of the workpiece to be measured. By comparing the actually measured plane data with the corresponding plane data on the design drawing, the difference between the actually measured data and the design drawing data can be obtained, and a repair plan can be designed based on the difference.

[0072] This method aims to establish a spatial rectangular coordinate system outside the special-shaped part through the special-shaped part detection tooling, using a dial indicator 9 or a micrometer and a digital detection device such as a machine tool 8, and transfer the spatial rectangular coordinate system to the coordinate origin of the design drawing. During the whole process, the dial indicator 9 or the micrometer does not need to be moved, and it is easy to use. The data is subsequently measured according to the established rectangular coordinate system, which belongs to the prior art and does not belong to the scope of the invention.

[0073] The following is an explanation of the detection process. During the detection of the continuous casting sector frame, the flatness of A1-A6 needs to be detected, which is independent of the Z value of the rectangular coordinate system. Therefore, only the X and Y values ​​of the center point are measured. During the measurement process, the actual value Y is first detected based on the theoretical value X, as shown in Table 1:

[0074] Table 1 Values ​​of the center points of planes A1-A6

[0075]

[0076] After measuring the coordinates of the center points of planes A1 to A6, adjust the X-axis of the machine tool 8 according to the inclination angle of planes A1 to A6 in the design drawing, so that the X-axis of the machine tool 8 is parallel to plane A1 in the design drawing, and then make the dial indicator 9 reciprocate along the X-axis direction on plane A1. The degree of change of the dial pointer during the movement of the dial indicator 9 can be used to obtain the flatness of the plane. According to the above method, the measurement of planes A2-A6 is carried out in sequence to complete the flatness measurement of planes A1 to A6. The specific results are shown in Table 2:

[0077] Table 2 Flatness of planes A1-A6

[0078]

[0079] According to the flatness of each plane, the next step is formulated. The above flatness measurement process can also be used by other methods.

[0080] Example 5

[0081] The content of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 4, except that the arc part 5 of the special-shaped part detection tool is an arc-shaped protrusion as described in the embodiment 2, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0082] S1. Set the horizontal reference of the continuous casting sector frame ( Figure 4 The A datum in the middle, in this embodiment, the A datum is a design datum plane in the design drawing, and the design datum plane coincides with the horizontal datum plane) is placed on the equal-height shim of the machine tool 8 (the newly manufactured sector frame should have the A datum processed horizontally), and a feeler gauge is used to detect whether the A datum of the sector frame meets the requirements of the "Operation and Maintenance Manual" (that is, the regulations that should be met in actual operation) or the requirements of the design drawing (the A datum is used as a horizontal datum during the detection process. It must be ensured that the four points of the A datum placed on the equal-height shim are coplanar before the A datum can be regarded as a horizontal datum. The A datum is placed on the equal-height shim during use or detection, and should be coplanar, but may be non-coplanar due to force deformation. At this time, it is necessary to use a gasket of known thickness to fill it and level it, or process the A datum to level it. Since the A datum was originally designed to place the sector frame on the detection equipment, even if it is processed and the corresponding gasket is used to make up for the processing removal amount, it will not affect the subsequent use), and it is straightened according to the side vertical datum of the sector frame to complete the calibration process of the machine tool 8. During the calibration of the machine tool 8, this embodiment only selects a suitable A reference as the horizontal reference for the specific sector frame. During the actual detection process, the horizontal reference is the equal height shim of the machine tool 8 to facilitate subsequent detection.

[0083] S2. Select or process the initial detection surface on the workpiece to be tested, and make a special-shaped part detection tooling according to the initial detection surface; Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment performs detection on the sector frame. Point A7 is the coordinate origin on the design drawing of the sector frame, but point A7 is located at the spatial center of the sector frame. It is impossible to obtain the specific information of this point, and it is impossible to establish a rectangular coordinate system for testing to obtain the status data after use, and to compare the original design drawing size of the sector frame with the status data after use. Therefore, a new rectangular coordinate system is established. It is necessary to select an initial detection surface, and the special-shaped part detection tooling is manufactured based on the initial detection surface. In the process of selecting the initial detection surface, an existing plane parallel to the horizontal reference is generally selected, or a surface parallel to the horizontal reference is machined on the non-working surface of the special-shaped part. In this embodiment Figure 4Among the six faces A1-A6, faces A3 and A4 are both parallel to the A reference (since the two faces selected in this embodiment are coplanar and need to be repaired by surfacing welding later, even if they are not parallel to the horizontal reference, it will not affect the use of the equipment). After selecting the initial inspection surface, if the plane is not horizontal, it can be processed to be horizontal with reference to the horizontal reference. Faces A1, A2, A5, and A6 are all faces with a certain inclination angle, which are faces that need to be inspected later. The main purpose of making a special-shaped part inspection tool according to the initial inspection surface of the special-shaped part is to change the clamping structure of the tool positioning surface 6. The clamping of the tool with the initial inspection surface is both existing technologies.

[0084] S3, clamp the special-shaped part detection tool shown in Example 2 on Figure 4 On the A3 and A4 surfaces in the drawing, the groove of the tool positioning surface 6 is stuck on the protrusion on the surface A3 and the surface A4 to form a snap-fit ​​structure, and then the pin is passed through the positioning hole 7 to stabilize the snap-fit ​​relationship between the special-shaped part detection tool and the initial detection surface, so that the tool will not move during use. A dial indicator 9 is installed on the machine tool 8. Similarly, the micrometer can also be used on the machine tool 8. In the subsequent use process, the dial indicator 9 or the micrometer installed on the machine tool 8 will no longer move. The A3 and A4 surfaces of this embodiment have not changed, and are the same as those in the design drawings. If they have changed, they can be milled and flattened. The height data of the initial detection surface can be used to move the detection equipment to obtain the distance between the initial detection surface and the horizontal plane (which can be obtained by the Y coordinate difference of the detection equipment). Since the distance between the design zero point and the horizontal plane is known, the distance between the initial detection surface and the design zero point can be obtained.

[0085] S4, control the machine tool 8 to drive the dial indicator 9 to move on the arc-shaped protrusion of the first detection block 1 of the special-shaped part detection tooling (the dial indicator 9 does not rotate during the movement, and the movement direction is the X-axis direction). The arc-shaped protrusion is in the middle position of the first detection block 1, which is convenient for calculation. When the measuring rod of the dial indicator 9 reaches the minimum elongation, the machine tool 8 records the position data of this point, which is recorded as the zero point in the X direction, and the X coordinate on the machine tool 8 is zeroed. The dial indicator 9 of this embodiment is located directly above the symmetry plane of the arc part 5 (there is a certain angle between the dial indicator 9 and the vertical plane, which does not affect the measurement). The elongation of the measuring rod of the dial indicator 9 is the smallest (the compression is the largest), and at this time, the highest point of the arc-shaped protrusion of the first detection block 1 is reached.

[0086] S5. Control the machine tool 8 to drive the dial indicator 9 to move on the arc-shaped protrusion of the second detection block 2 of the special-shaped part detection fixture (the moving direction is the Z-axis direction). When the pointer of the dial indicator 9 points to the maximum, the elongation of the measuring rod of the dial indicator 9 is the minimum. At this time, the position of the probe of the dial indicator 9 is the highest point of the arc-shaped protrusion. The machine tool 8 records the position data of this point, which is recorded as the zero point in the Z direction. The Z coordinate on the machine tool 8 is zeroed (the Z coordinate zeroing is basically the same as the X coordinate zeroing). Thus, the directions of the X and Z axes and the zero points on the corresponding axes are obtained, that is, a plane rectangular coordinate system has been established, and a Y axis perpendicular to the plane rectangular coordinate system is required to establish a space rectangular coordinate system.

[0087] S6, control the machine tool 8 to move the tip of the measuring rod of the dial indicator 9 to the horizontal reference plane (in this embodiment, the height pad of the machine tool 8), at this time, record it as the zero point in the Y direction, the Y coordinate on the machine tool 8 is zeroed, and the vertical direction is the Y axis direction. Thus, the Cartesian coordinate system is established, and the spatial coordinate origin and the X, Y, and Z coordinate axes can be determined according to the data recorded by the machine tool 8.

[0088] S7. After determining the new coordinate system, the new spatial coordinate origin (0, 0, 0) of the present embodiment is the design zero point of the design drawing. The machine tool 8 moves on the workpiece to be measured, and the dial indicator 9 measures the plane data to be measured on the surface of the workpiece to be measured. By comparing the actually measured plane data with the corresponding plane data on the design drawing, the difference between the actually measured data and the design drawing data can be obtained, and a repair plan can be designed based on the difference.

Claims

1. A method for detecting irregular parts, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Place the workpiece to be detected on the detection device, correct the horizontal reference plane, and make one design reference plane of the workpiece to be detected coincide with or parallel to the horizontal reference plane; S2. Select or machine an initial detection surface on the workpiece to be detected, and manufacture a special-shaped part detection tooling according to the initial detection surface; The special-shaped part detection tooling includes a first detection block (1) and a second detection block (2). The first detection block (1) is vertically connected to the second detection block (2). A first working surface (3) is arranged on the first detection block (1), and a second working surface (4) is arranged on the second detection block (2). Arc parts (5) are respectively arranged on the first working surface (3) and the second working surface (4); S4. Clamp and fix the special-shaped part detection tooling on the initial detection surface, and install a dial indicator (9) or a micrometer on the detection device; S5. Control the detection device to drive the dial indicator (9) or the micrometer to move on the arc part (5) of the first detection block (1) of the special-shaped part detection tooling. When the measuring rod of the dial indicator (9) or the micrometer reaches the maximum elongation or the minimum elongation, the detection device records the position data of the dial indicator (9) or the micrometer, which is recorded as the zero point in the X direction, and the X coordinate of the detection device is zeroed; S6. Control the detection device to drive the dial indicator (9) or the micrometer to move on the arc part (5) of the second detection block (2) of the special-shaped part detection tooling. When the measuring rod of the dial indicator (9) or the micrometer reaches the maximum elongation or the minimum elongation, the detection device records the position data of the dial indicator (9) or the micrometer, which is recorded as the zero point in the Z direction, and the Z coordinate of the detection device is zeroed; S7. Control the detection device to move to the horizontal reference plane, which is recorded as the zero point in the Y direction, and the Y coordinate of the detection device is zeroed to obtain a new spatial coordinate origin (0, 0, 0); S8. According to the new spatial coordinate origin (0, 0, 0), the detection device moves, and the dial indicator (9) or the micrometer measures the data of the plane to be detected on the surface of the workpiece to be detected, and compares the measured value with the design value on the drawing to analyze the deviation.

2. The method for detecting irregular-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc part (5) is a circular arc groove or a circular arc protrusion.

3. The method for detecting irregular-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the first detection blocks (1) is two, and the number of the second detection blocks (2) is one. The first detection blocks (1) are respectively arranged at both ends of the second detection block (2), and the special-shaped part detection tooling is in an overall "I" shape.

4. The method for detecting irregular-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning surface (6) is arranged on an adjacent surface or an opposite surface of the first working surface (3) of the first detection block (1), and a clamping structure is arranged on the positioning surface (6).

5. The method for detecting irregular-shaped parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping structure is a positioning groove.

6. The method for detecting irregular-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning hole (7) is arranged on the first detection block (1) or the second detection block (2).

7. The method for detecting irregular-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device includes one of a machine tool (8), a coordinate measuring instrument or a laser tracker.

8. The method for detecting irregular-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the correction of the horizontal reference is as follows: check the design drawing of the workpiece to be detected, select a design reference plane in the design drawing to coincide with or be parallel to the horizontal reference plane. The distance between the design reference plane and the horizontal reference plane is known, and four points on the horizontal reference plane are placed on the equal-height pads of the detection device so that the four points are coplanar.

9. The method for detecting irregular-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the initial detection surface should be a horizontal surface or a non-use surface after the horizontal reference surface of the workpiece to be detected is calibrated, and the initial detection surface is parallel or perpendicular to the horizontal reference surface.

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