Push-pull mushroom bag loading and unloading machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine, which includes a vertical support, a walking mechanism, a workbench, a lateral push-pull mechanism that moves horizontally relative to the workbench, and a lifting device that drives the lateral push-pull mechanism to move up and down. One end of the workbench is connected to the vertical support, the lifting device performs lifting and lowering movements on the vertical support, the lateral push-pull mechanism is connected to the lifting device, a push-pull rod extending along the length direction of the workbench for pushing the turnover basket to move is arranged on the lateral push-pull mechanism, a grabbing mechanism for grabbing the turnover basket is also arranged on the push-pull rod, and a turnover basket bracket is also included. The push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine of the present invention can use the lateral push-pull mechanism to drive the push-pull rod and the grabbing mechanism thereon to extend to both sides to achieve loading on both sides. When it is necessary to move and walk, the lateral push-pull mechanism is folded, so that the volume of the entire device is greatly reduced, and walking in a narrow channel can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a loading and unloading equipment, in particular to a push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine. Background Art

[0002] In the fruiting stage of bag-grown edible mushrooms, the mushroom bags need to be placed on the fruiting bed frame for fruiting, and the mushroom bags need to be removed from the bed frame after the fruiting. In order to improve the transfer efficiency, the mushroom bags are generally placed in turnover baskets for upper and lower bed frame operations and fruiting production. Since the fruiting room is a multi-row mushroom rack structure, the spacing between the mushroom racks is about 700mm, the length is about 8m, each mushroom rack has 5 to 7 layers, and the layer spacing is 400 to 500mm. Due to the long size, high height and narrow channel structure of the mushroom bed frame, there is currently no suitable mechanized equipment to complete the upper and lower rack operations of the mushroom bags. Therefore, the upper and lower rack operations of the mushroom bags are all completed manually, which not only consumes a lot of manpower, but also has high labor intensity and danger when working at high levels. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine which can automatically complete the operation of loading and unloading mushroom bags.

[0004] A push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine comprises a vertical support, a walking mechanism, a workbench, a transverse push-pull mechanism for transverse movement relative to the workbench, and a lifting device for driving the transverse push-pull mechanism to move up and down. One end of the workbench is connected to the vertical support. The lifting device performs lifting movement on the vertical support. The transverse push-pull mechanism is connected to the lifting device and moves up and down following the lifting device. The walking mechanism comprises walking wheels, which are installed on the workbench and the vertical support. A push-pull rod extending along the length direction of the workbench is provided on the transverse push-pull mechanism for pushing the turnover basket to move. A grabbing mechanism for grabbing the turnover basket is also provided on the push-pull rod. The turnover basket bracket is also included. The turnover basket bracket is arranged on the transverse push-pull mechanism and is located below the push-pull rod. The turnover basket bracket is located above the workbench.

[0005] The push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine of the present invention uses a walking mechanism to enter the upper bed frame position of the mushroom rack, uses a turnover basket bracket to hold the turnover basket, and uses a lifting device to drive the turnover basket bracket and the transverse push-pull mechanism to rise to the required position. It should be noted that the push-pull rod should be on the right or left side of the device according to whether the left bed frame or the right bed frame is fed, and then the transverse push-pull mechanism is started to move left or right. The transverse push-pull mechanism moving left or right pushes the turnover basket to move, thereby pushing it into the mushroom rack. After the feeding is completed, the transverse push-pull mechanism retreats, and then the lifting mechanism performs a descending action until it returns to the lowest feeding state, at which time, a bed frame operation is completed. When the turnover basket is off the bed frame, the transverse push-pull mechanism is used to bring the push-pull rod close to the turnover basket, and the grabbing mechanism is driven to move. The grabbing mechanism grabs the turnover basket, and the transverse push-pull mechanism drives the push-pull rod to drag the turnover basket onto the turnover basket bracket, and then the lifting device brings it back to achieve the bed frame operation.

[0006] The grabbing mechanism comprises a driving shaft and a T-shaped claw fixed on the driving shaft. The driving shaft is rotatably supported on the push-pull rod. When the driving shaft is in a normal state, the T-shaped claw is located directly above.

[0007] With this structure of grabbing mechanism, when it is necessary to remove the turnover basket from the shelf, the push-pull rod is moved close to the outer side of the turnover basket on this layer by using the transverse push-pull mechanism, and then the drive shaft of the grabbing mechanism is driven to rotate to the corresponding side, and the left or right turn is selected according to the position of the mushroom rack. The rotating T-shaped claw is just buckled on the turnover basket, and then the transverse push-pull mechanism is started to drive the push-pull rod to move, so that the turnover basket is taken out by the T-shaped claw. When it moves to the right position, the T-shaped claw rotates to the middle position to separate from the turnover basket.

[0008] The driving shaft of the grabbing mechanism is driven by a separate motor or by power transmission via a power transmission device.

[0009] The turnover basket bracket comprises a square frame and cross bars arranged at intervals along the length direction of the square frame.

[0010] The workbench includes a frame and a plurality of rollers arranged at intervals along the length direction of the frame. The rollers are arranged alternately with the cross bars on the upper turnover basket bracket. The rollers protrude from the upper surface of the workbench frame and the protruding height is greater than or equal to the thickness of the cross bars of the turnover basket bracket. The turnover basket bracket will be nested in the rollers.

[0011] With this structure of workbench and turnover basket bracket, when the turnover basket bracket is in the workbench position, the turnover basket bracket will be nested in the roller and sink under the surface of the roller, so that the turnover basket on the turnover basket bracket will be supported by the roller of the workbench instead of the cross bar on the turnover basket bracket, so that it can be smoothly removed from the roller. Similarly, when it is necessary to put the turnover basket on the roller of the workbench, and then raise the turnover basket bracket, the turnover basket will naturally change from being supported by the roller to being supported by the turnover basket cross bar. The simple and ingenious structure can realize the smooth replacement of the support.

[0012] The transverse push-pull mechanism comprises a plurality of gears and a rack structure connected in series, and the rack extends along the width direction of the workbench.

[0013] The series structure of the multi-stage gear and rack is that adjacent levels of racks are arranged on both sides of the transition plate, and also includes a connecting plate, the connecting plate is connected to the lifting device, the first-stage gear is arranged on the connecting plate, the first-stage rack is fixed on the first transition plate, a slider guide mechanism is arranged between the transition plate and the connecting plate, the second-stage rack is fixed to the other side of the first transition plate, the second-stage gear is supported on the push-pull rod through a support member, and a slider guide mechanism is arranged between the support member and the transition plate.

[0014] The first-stage gear, the second-stage gear and the driving shaft of the grabbing mechanism are driven by a driving device respectively or by a common driving device.

[0015] The vertical bracket includes two U-shaped channel steels relatively arranged, and the lifting device includes two movable guide rails, a lifting connection platform and a lifting drive device. The movable guide rail is composed of a U-shaped channel steel, and the two movable guide rails move up and down along the U-shaped channel steel of the vertical bracket through corresponding rollers. The lifting connection platform includes two U-shaped channel steels connected together by a connecting plate, and the two U-shaped channel steels of the lifting connection platform move up and down along the two U-shaped channel steels of the movable guide rails through rollers. The lifting drive device includes a lifting gear and a lifting rack. The lifting rack is installed on the side of the U-shaped channel steel of the vertical bracket, and the lifting gear is meshed with the lifting rack. The lifting gear is connected to the reduction motor, and the reduction motor is installed on the movable guide rail and connected to the gear shaft of the two lifting gears. The gear shaft is also supported on the movable guide rail to drive the movable guide rail to move. A sprocket is also provided on the upper part of the movable guide rail, and one side of the chain used in conjunction with the sprocket is positioned on the connecting platform, and the other side is positioned on the U-shaped channel steel of the vertical bracket.

[0016] When the lifting drive device is working, the lifting gear installed on the movable guide rail moves up and down on the lifting rack of the vertical bracket, thereby driving the movable guide rail to move up and down, and then the sprocket installed on the upper part of the movable guide rail pushes the chain to drive the lifting connecting platform to move up and down at a speed and stroke twice that of the movable guide rail.

[0017] The movable guide rail and the rollers on the two U-shaped channel steels on the lifting connection platform are used in pairs.

[0018] A balancing gear is arranged between a pair of rollers of the two U-shaped channel steels of the lifting connection platform, and a balancing rack is arranged on the inner side of the movable guide rail U-shaped channel steel. The balancing gears are respectively meshed with the balancing racks on the corresponding sides.

[0019] Since the lifting connection platform is meshed with the rack on the movable guide rail through the balancing gears on both sides, and the lifting gears on both sides of the movable guide rail are meshed with the rack of the fixed guide rail, the lifting connection platform's anti-deflection ability when subjected to lateral force or lateral torque can be improved, thereby improving the posture stability of the lifting connection platform.

[0020] The walking mechanism further comprises a driving device, the walking wheels comprise a driving wheel and a guide wheel, and the driving device is drivingly connected to the driving wheel.

[0021] The drive device transmits torque to the drive wheel, which drives the equipment to move forward and backward through the rotation of the drive wheel on the ground. The guide wheel can adjust the direction of travel to achieve straight travel or left and right steering.

[0022] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0023] The push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine of the present invention is provided with a transverse push-pull mechanism. When it is necessary to load the mushroom bags to both sides, the transverse push-pull mechanism can be used to drive the push-pull rod and the grabbing mechanism thereon to extend to both sides to realize loading the mushroom bags to both sides. When it is necessary to move and walk, the transverse push-pull mechanism is folded up, so that the volume of the whole device is greatly reduced, and it can be walked in a narrow channel. At the same time, the lifting device is used to drive the transverse push-pull mechanism to do up and down lifting movements, so that loading and unloading operations on different mushroom rack layers can be realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a vertical bracket.

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3Rotated enlarged view of AA section.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the transverse push-pull mechanism.

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Top view of the .

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the grabbing mechanism.

[0031] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged diagram to the left.

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the turnover basket bracket.

[0033] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 Top view of the .

[0035] Fig.12 This is the purpose of the push-pull type mushroom bag unloading method of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals 1 vertical support 2 walking mechanism 21 driving device 22 walking wheel 3 workbench 31 frame 32 roller 4 transverse push-pull mechanism 41 transition plate 42 connecting plate 43 first-stage gear 44 first-stage rack 45 slider guide mechanism 46 second-stage rack 47 second-stage gear 5 lifting device 51 movable guide rail 52 lifting connecting platform 53 lifting driving device 531 lifting gear 532 lifting rack 54 reduction motor 55 sprocket 56 chain 57 roller 6 push-pull rod 7 grabbing mechanism 71 driving shaft 72 T-shaped claw 8 turnover basket bracket 81 frame 82 cross bar 9 balance rack 10 balance gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A push-pull type mushroom bag upper and lower rack machine comprises a vertical support 1, a walking mechanism 2, a workbench 3, a transverse push-pull mechanism 4 for transverse movement relative to the workbench, and a lifting device 5 for driving the transverse push-pull mechanism to move up and down. One end of the workbench is connected to the vertical support. The lifting device moves up and down on the vertical support. The transverse push-pull mechanism is connected to the lifting device and moves up and down following the lifting device. The walking mechanism comprises a driving device 21 and a walking wheel 22. The walking wheel comprises a driving wheel and a guide wheel. The driving wheel is connected to the driving device in a transmission manner. The guide wheel is installed on the workbench. The driving wheel and the driving device are installed on the vertical support. A push-pull rod 6 extending along the length direction of the workbench for pushing the turnover basket to move is arranged on the transverse push-pull mechanism. A grabbing mechanism 7 for grabbing the turnover basket is also arranged on the push-pull rod. A turnover basket bracket 8 is also included. The turnover basket bracket is arranged on the transverse push-pull mechanism and is located below the push-pull rod. The turnover basket bracket is located above the workbench. The grabbing mechanism 7 includes a driving shaft 71 and a T-shaped claw 72 fixed on the driving shaft. The driving shaft is rotatably supported on the push-pull rod. When the driving shaft is in normal state, the T-shaped claw is located directly above. The turnover basket bracket includes a square frame 81 and cross bars 82 arranged at intervals along the length direction of the square frame. The workbench includes a frame 31 and a plurality of rollers 32 arranged at intervals along the length direction of the frame. The rollers are staggered with the cross bars on the upper turnover basket bracket. The rollers protrude from the upper surface of the workbench frame and the protruding height is greater than or equal to the thickness of the cross bars of the turnover basket bracket. The turnover basket bracket will be nested in the rollers. The transverse push-pull mechanism includes a two-stage gear and rack structure connected in series, and the rack extends along the width direction of the workbench. The series structure of the gear and the rack is that the racks of adjacent levels are arranged on both sides of the transition plate 41, and also includes a connecting plate 42, which is connected to the lifting device, the first-stage gear 43 is arranged on the connecting plate, the first-stage rack 44 is fixed on the first transition plate, a slider guide mechanism 45 is arranged between the transition plate and the connecting plate, the second-stage rack 46 is fixed on the other side of the first transition plate, the second-stage gear 47 is supported on the push-pull rod through a support, and a slider guide mechanism is arranged between the support and the transition plate. When the bed frame is put on the left side, the push-pull transverse push-pull mechanism makes the push-pull rod located on the right side of the equipment and within the range of the main body during the loading operation, and at this time, the middle space is reserved for the turnover basket to enter and lift the operation. When reaching the bed frame position, the two sets of transverse movement devices can act simultaneously or successively, so that the push-pull rod moves transversely until the turnover basket is pushed into the bed frame, and the outer contour of the turnover basket does not exceed the bed frame. When the bed frame is removed from the bed, the turnover basket grabbing mechanism is coordinated and the reverse process is operated. When working on the right side of the bed frame, the initial position and moving direction of the push-pull rod are symmetrical with the left side operation. The turnover basket grabbing mechanism is installed on the push-pull rod and is used to grab the turnover basket when working on the bed frame.It consists of a driving device, a driving shaft and a T-shaped claw. The driving device rotates the driving shaft to the left or right, so that multiple claws installed on the driving shaft in a T-shaped structure grab the turnover basket to the left or right. Taking grabbing the turnover basket on the left as an example, when the push-pull rod approaches the turnover basket to the left, the driving device drives the claw to rotate 90 degrees to the left through the driving shaft, and the claw extends into the inner side of the turnover basket. At this time, when the push-pull rod moves to the right, the turnover basket can be pulled to the right by the claw. After moving into place, the T-shaped claw rotates back to the middle position to disengage from the turnover basket. When the turnover basket on the right needs to be grabbed, the T-shaped claw can be rotated to the right.

[0040] The first-stage gear, the second-stage gear and the driving shaft of the grabbing mechanism are driven by the driving device respectively. The vertical bracket includes two U-shaped channel steels arranged opposite to each other. The lifting device includes two movable guide rails 51, a lifting connection platform 52 and a lifting drive device 53. The movable guide rails are made of U-shaped channel steels. The two movable guide rails move up and down along the U-shaped channel steel of the vertical bracket through corresponding rollers. The connecting platform includes two U-shaped channel steels connected together by a connecting plate. The two U-shaped channel steels of the connecting platform move up and down along the two U-shaped channel steels of the movable guide rails through rollers 57. The lifting drive device includes a lifting gear 531 and a lifting rack 532. The lifting rack is installed on the side of the U-shaped channel steel of the vertical bracket, and the lifting gear is meshed with the lifting rack.

[0041] The lifting gear is connected to the reduction motor. The reduction motor 54 is installed on the movable guide rail and connected to the gear shaft of the two lifting gears. The gear shaft is also supported on the movable guide rail to drive the movable guide rail to move. A sprocket 55 is also provided on the upper part of the movable guide rail. One side of the chain 56 used in conjunction with the sprocket is positioned on the connecting platform, and the other side is positioned on the U-shaped channel steel of the vertical bracket. A balancing gear is provided between a pair of rollers of the two U-shaped channel steels of the connecting platform, and a balancing rack 9 is provided on the inner side of the U-shaped channel steel of the movable guide rail. The balancing gear 10 is respectively meshed with the balancing racks on the corresponding side.

[0042] The working process of placing mushroom bags on the bed frame:

[0043] Feeding process: The equipment first moves into the upper bed frame position of the mushroom rack through the action of the walking mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is in the lowest feeding and unloading state. When the left bed frame is put on, the push-pull rod of the transverse push-pull mechanism needs to be placed on the right side of the equipment, and then the turnover baskets containing mushroom bags are sent to the equipment entrance through the conveyor or manually, and then transported to the turnover basket bracket area by the active roller of the feeding and unloading mechanism and arranged in sequence.

[0044] Shelf loading process: When the number of turnover baskets meets the number of shelves, the lifting mechanism moves up until the upper edge of the turnover basket bracket is slightly higher than the upper edge of the shelf to be transferred to, and then the push-pull mechanism moves to the left and the push-pull rod pushes the turnover basket to transfer to the mushroom bed shelf. Fig.10 , 11 As shown in the figure, when the turnover basket is completely fed into the mushroom bed, the horizontal push-pull mechanism retreats, and then the lifting mechanism descends until it returns to the lowest feeding state, and the bed loading operation is completed. Then feed again and repeat the above process until all layers at this position are loaded with mushroom bags. When all layers are loaded, the bed loading operation can be performed on the right bed or the walking mechanism can be moved to the next position for bed loading operation.

[0045] Working process of the bed frame under the mushroom bag:

[0046] The process of removing the mushroom bag from the bed frame is basically the reverse process of the process of putting it on the bed frame. The process is as follows: when the bed frame is under operation, the lifting mechanism first rises to the upper edge of the turnover basket bracket slightly lower than the upper edge of the shelf to be transferred out; then the horizontal push-pull mechanism moves horizontally until the push-pull rod contacts the turnover basket, and then the turnover basket grasping mechanism needs to work to make the grasping claw rotate and extend into the turnover basket, and then use the action of the horizontal push-pull mechanism to pull the turnover basket to the bracket through the grasping claw, such as Fig.12 As shown in the figure; when the turnover basket completely enters the bracket, the grabbing mechanism moves in the reverse direction to make the gripper detach from the turnover basket, and the lifting mechanism can simultaneously descend and return to the lowest feeding and discharging state, and then the active roller of the feeding and discharging mechanism makes a feeding action to transfer the turnover basket out of the turnover basket rack support area, and the bed frame operation is completed. Then it rises again and repeats the above process until all layers at this position have unloaded the mushroom bags. When all layers have unloaded the mushroom bags, the bed frame operation can be performed to the mushroom bags on the other side of the bed frame, or the walking mechanism can be moved to the next position for bed frame operation.

[0047] The parts not described in this embodiment are the same as those in the prior art.

Claims

1. A push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a vertical support, a walking mechanism, a workbench, a transverse push-pull mechanism for making transverse movement relative to the workbench, and a lifting device for driving the transverse push-pull mechanism to make up and down movement. One end of the workbench is connected to the vertical support. The lifting device makes up and down movement on the vertical support. The transverse push-pull mechanism is connected to the lifting device and makes up and down movement following the lifting device. The walking mechanism comprises walking wheels, which are installed on the workbench and the vertical support. A push-pull rod extending along the length direction of the workbench for pushing the turnover basket to move is arranged on the transverse push-pull mechanism. A grabbing mechanism for grabbing the turnover basket is also arranged on the push-pull rod. The turnover basket bracket is arranged on the transverse push-pull mechanism and is located below the push-pull rod. The turnover basket bracket is located above the workbench. The grabbing mechanism comprises a driving shaft and a T-shaped claw fixed on the driving shaft. The driving shaft is rotatably supported on the push-pull rod. When the driving shaft is in normal state, the T-shaped claw is located directly above.

2. The push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The turnover basket bracket comprises a square frame and cross bars arranged at intervals along the length direction of the square frame.

3. The push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The workbench includes a frame and a plurality of rollers arranged at intervals along the length direction of the frame. The rollers are arranged alternately with the cross bars on the upper turnover basket bracket. The rollers protrude from the upper surface of the workbench frame and the protruding height is greater than or equal to the thickness of the cross bars of the turnover basket bracket. The turnover basket bracket will be nested in the rollers.

4. The push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The transverse push-pull mechanism comprises a plurality of gears and a rack structure connected in series, and the rack extends along the width direction of the workbench.

5. The push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The series structure of the multi-stage gear and rack is that adjacent levels of racks are arranged on both sides of the transition plate, and also includes a connecting plate, the connecting plate is connected to the lifting device, the first-stage gear is arranged on the connecting plate, the first-stage rack is fixed on the transition plate, a slider guide mechanism is arranged between the transition plate and the connecting plate, the second-stage rack is fixed to the other side of the transition plate, the second-stage gear is supported on the push-pull rod through a support member, and a slider guide mechanism is arranged between the support member and the transition plate.

6. The push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical bracket includes two U-shaped channel steels relatively arranged, and the lifting device includes two movable guide rails, a lifting connection platform and a lifting drive device. The movable guide rail is composed of a U-shaped channel steel, and the two movable guide rails move up and down along the U-shaped channel steel of the vertical bracket through corresponding rollers. The lifting connection platform includes two U-shaped channel steels connected together by a connecting plate, and the two U-shaped channel steels of the lifting connection platform move up and down along the two U-shaped channel steels of the movable guide rails through rollers. The lifting drive device includes a lifting gear and a lifting rack. The lifting rack is installed on the side of the U-shaped channel steel of the vertical bracket, and the lifting gear is meshed with the lifting rack. The lifting gear is connected to the reduction motor, and the reduction motor is installed on the movable guide rail and connected to the gear shaft of the two lifting gears. The gear shaft is also supported on the movable guide rail to drive the movable guide rail to move. A sprocket is also provided on the upper part of the movable guide rail, and one side of the chain used in conjunction with the sprocket is positioned on the connecting platform, and the other side is positioned on the U-shaped channel steel of the vertical bracket.

7. The push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable guide rail and the rollers on the two U-shaped channel steels on the lifting connection platform are used in pairs.

8. The push-pull type mushroom bag loading and unloading machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: A balancing gear is arranged between a pair of rollers of the two U-shaped channel steels of the lifting connection platform, and a balancing rack is arranged on the inner side of the movable guide rail U-shaped channel steel. The balancing gears are respectively meshed with the balancing racks on the corresponding sides.

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