Microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor and hydrogen production system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a microchannel reforming hydrogen production purification and catalytic exothermic reactor and a hydrogen production system and method, wherein the reactor includes, from top to bottom, an upper plate, a plurality of double-sided concave-convex plates, at least one hydrogen purification plate and a lower plate; a plurality of double-sided concave-convex plates are tightly stacked, and a feed slot, a micro-reaction slot and a discharge slot are provided on both sides; between two adjacent double-sided concave-convex plates: the feed slots are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a feed channel, the micro-reaction slots are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a micro-reaction channel, and the discharge slots are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a discharge channel; the hydrogen purification plate is a molecular sieve purification plate, and is provided with a hydrogen-rich channel and a pure hydrogen channel. The present invention has good stability and consistent thermal conductivity, and through internal heating, balanced heat, and uniform heating, the reaction is thorough, the hydrogen production efficiency is high, and hydrogen can be purified at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen preparation equipment, and in particular to a microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor and a hydrogen production system and method. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are two main methods for producing hydrogen: First, most hydrogen is produced from petroleum, coal and natural gas, which consumes mineral fuels, which are already in short supply; second, about 4% of hydrogen is produced by electrolysis of water, which consumes a lot of electricity and is not cost-effective. With the advancement of technology, the technology of hydrogen production by reforming methanol and water has gradually developed, which can reduce energy consumption and costs in chemical production, and is expected to replace the electrolysis of water hydrogen production process, which consumes a lot of electricity. Using advanced methanol steam reforming technology to produce a mixed gas of H2 and CO2, and then separating it through a palladium membrane separator, H2 and CO2 can be obtained respectively.

[0003] For the methanol water reforming technology, please refer to the invention patents previously authorized by the creator Guangdong Hejide Energy Technology Co., Ltd.: 201410780409.X, 201510476342.5, 201510553870.6, 201610117515.9, 201510476323.2, 201610881201.6, etc. The core equipment of these patented technologies is a methanol water reformer, which is provided with a reforming chamber, in which a catalyst is provided, and methanol and water undergo a reforming hydrogen production reaction in the reforming chamber to produce a high-temperature mixed gas mainly composed of carbon dioxide and hydrogen. In these patented technologies, the reforming chamber is a coil-shaped structure, and the heat required for the reforming chamber comes from the combustion of residual hydrogen or electric heating or electromagnetic heating. At the same time, the reformer also needs to be provided with a starting device with a blower and other components. The advantages of this methanol-water reformer are that the technology is relatively mature and can produce hydrogen well, but its disadvantages are: large size, heavy mass, poor sealing, the coil pipe with catalyst in the reforming chamber is thicker in diameter and shorter in length, the reforming reaction is not thorough enough, the heating method of burning hydrogen used in the reformer is uneven, and the heating by electric heating or electromagnetic heating is not uniform enough.

[0004] With the advancement of technology, microchannel hydrogen production reactor technology has emerged in the prior art. For example, 201510082013.2 discloses a stacked double-sided multi-serpentine microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor, including an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, an evaporation plate therebetween, a plurality of upper reforming plates and a lower reforming plate, the plurality of upper reforming plates are installed between the evaporation plate and the lower reforming plate, and a flexible graphite pad is provided between any adjacent plates; an evaporation chamber is opened on the upper surface of the evaporation plate, and the two sides are symmetrically connected with an inlet drainage chamber and an outlet drainage chamber that are connected to each other, a reaction chamber is provided at the center of the upper surface of the upper reforming plate and the lower reforming plate, and the two sides of the reaction chamber are symmetrically connected with an inlet drainage chamber and an outlet drainage chamber that are connected to each other, a reaction carrier thin plate is installed in the reaction chamber of the upper reforming plate and the lower reforming plate, and the upper and lower surfaces of the reaction carrier thin plate have a groove structure with multiple serpentine microchannels symmetrically opened from top to bottom. However, this type of microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor has the following disadvantages: First, flexible graphite pads are used to separate adjacent reforming plates, so that microchannels are formed between the reforming plates and the flexible graphite pads. Due to the different material characteristics of the flexible graphite pads and the reforming plates, the microchannels have poor stability, inconsistent thermal conductivity, and uneven catalyst coating; second, the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor needs to be heated by an external heating component heating rod, which has poor heat balance and affects the reforming hydrogen production efficiency; third, the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor has no purification device and requires external purification equipment to purify hydrogen. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a microchannel reforming hydrogen production purification and catalytic exothermic reactor in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art. The reactor is not only small in size, light in weight, and has good sealing performance, but also has good microchannel stability, consistent thermal conductivity, and uniform catalyst coating. It can be heated internally, has good heat balance, and is heated evenly. The reforming reaction is thorough, the reforming hydrogen production efficiency is high, and hydrogen can be purified in the reactor. To this end, the present invention also provides a hydrogen production system and a hydrogen production method of the microchannel reforming hydrogen production purification and catalytic exothermic reactor.

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned first technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is: a microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor, which comprises, from top to bottom, an upper plate, a plurality of double-sided concave-convex plates, at least one hydrogen purification plate and a lower plate; the plurality of double-sided concave-convex plates are tightly stacked, and the two sides of the double-sided concave-convex plates are respectively provided with a feed groove, a micro reaction groove and a discharge groove; the feed grooves between two adjacent double-sided concave-convex plates are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a feed channel; the micro reaction grooves between two adjacent double-sided concave-convex plates are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a micro reaction channel; the discharge grooves between two adjacent double-sided concave-convex plates are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a discharge channel; On one side of any double-sided concave-convex plate, the feed channel is a methanol-water feed channel, the micro-reaction channel is a methanol-water reforming hydrogen production reaction micro-channel, which is coated with a methanol-water reforming hydrogen production catalyst, and the discharge channel is a hydrogen-rich gas discharge channel; on the other side of the above-mentioned double-sided concave-convex plate, the feed channel is a methanol-air feed channel, the micro-reaction channel is a methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic micro-channel, which is coated with a methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic catalyst, and the discharge channel is a reaction residual gas discharge channel; the hydrogen purification plate is a molecular sieve purification plate, a hydrogen-rich channel is provided on one side of the hydrogen purification plate, and a pure hydrogen channel is provided on the other side of the hydrogen purification plate, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen-rich channel can pass through the hydrogen purification plate into the pure hydrogen channel.

[0007] Preferably, the reactor is also provided with a total methanol water feed hole, a total methanol air feed hole, a total hydrogen-rich gas discharge hole and a total reaction residual gas discharge hole which penetrate the several double-sided concave-convex plates; wherein the total methanol water feed hole is connected to the methanol water feed channels between all the double-sided concave-convex plates, the total methanol air feed hole is connected to the methanol air feed channels between all the double-sided concave-convex plates, the total hydrogen-rich gas discharge hole is connected to the hydrogen-rich gas discharge channels between all the double-sided concave-convex plates, and the total reaction residual gas discharge hole is connected to the reaction residual gas discharge channels between all the double-sided concave-convex plates.

[0008] Preferably, the micro-reaction grooves on both sides of the double-sided concave-convex plate are micro-reaction grooves arranged in parallel in straight strips, or are micro-reaction grooves arranged in spirals, or are cross-arranged micro-reaction grooves; the width of the micro-reaction grooves is 10μm-1mm.

[0009] Preferably, the number of the double-sided concave-convex plates is more than 10, and the thickness of each double-sided concave-convex plate is 0.1 mm-1.0 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the upper plate is an aluminum alloy upper plate, the lower plate is an aluminum alloy lower plate, and the double-sided concave-convex plate is an aluminum alloy double-sided concave-convex plate; the hydrogen purification plate is a palladium-silver alloy hydrogen purification plate having a palladium-silver alloy film layer vacuum-plated on a porous metal surface, and the mass percentage of the palladium-silver alloy is 75%-78% palladium, and 22%-25% silver.

[0011] Preferably, a sealed shell is sheathed on the outside of the reactor, a feed port is provided at one end of the shell, and a discharge port is provided at the other end, and a filtering mechanism for filtering methanol-water is provided in the sealed shell near the feed port.

[0012] Preferably, the feed slot, micro reaction slot and discharge slot of the double-sided concave-convex plate are manufactured by laser engraving, chemical etching or hydraulic press.

[0013] To solve the above second technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is: the hydrogen production system of the above microchannel reforming hydrogen production purification and catalytic exothermic reactor comprises a methanol water storage container, a methanol storage container, a methanol water delivery pump, a methanol delivery pump, a heat exchanger, an air pump, a microchannel reforming hydrogen production purification and catalytic exothermic reactor, wherein:

[0014] A methanol water storage container, in which liquid methanol water raw material is stored;

[0015] A methanol water delivery pump is used to pump the methanol water raw material in the methanol water storage container to the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor through a delivery pipeline;

[0016] The heat exchanger is installed on the delivery pipeline of the methanol water raw material. The methanol water raw material exchanges heat with the high-temperature hydrogen output from the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor in the heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the methanol water raw material increases and the temperature of the hydrogen decreases;

[0017] A methanol storage container, in which liquid methanol raw material is stored;

[0018] A methanol delivery pump is used to pump the methanol raw material in the methanol storage container to the catalytic exothermic reactor through a delivery pipeline, and an air interface is provided in the delivery pipeline of the methanol raw material;

[0019] An air pump is used to pump external air into the methanol raw material delivery pipeline through the air interface;

[0020] A microchannel reforming hydrogen production purification and catalytic exothermic reactor comprises a microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor, a hydrogen purification plate and a microchannel catalytic exothermic reactor, wherein the methanol-water feed channel, the methanol-water reforming hydrogen production reaction microchannel and the hydrogen-rich gas discharge channel of each layer of the double-sided concave-convex plate are connected in sequence to form a microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor, in which the methanol-water raw material undergoes a reforming hydrogen production reaction of methanol and water to produce a high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas, which passes through the hydrogen-rich channel on one side of the hydrogen purification plate, and the high-temperature hydrogen in the hydrogen-rich channel passes through the hydrogen purification plate into the pure hydrogen channel and is then output; wherein the methanol-air feed channel, the methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic microchannel and the reaction residual gas discharge channel of each layer of the double-sided concave-convex plate are connected in sequence to form a microchannel catalytic exothermic reactor, in which methanol undergoes a catalytic oxidation exothermic reaction with oxygen in the air to provide heat for the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor.

[0021] In order to solve the third technical problem mentioned above, the technical solution of the present invention is: the hydrogen production method of the above hydrogen production system comprises the following method steps:

[0022] Ⅰ. The raw material conveying step includes a methanol-water conveying step and a methanol conveying step, which are specifically as follows:

[0023] ⅰ. Methanol water delivery step: The methanol water raw material in the methanol water storage container is pumped to the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor through a heat exchanger under the pumping force of the methanol water delivery pump; the methanol water raw material exchanges heat with the high-temperature hydrogen in the process of passing through the heat exchanger, the temperature of the methanol water raw material increases, and the temperature of the hydrogen decreases;

[0024] ⅱ. Methanol delivery step: The methanol raw material in the methanol storage container is pumped to the microchannel catalytic exothermic reactor under the pumping force of the methanol delivery pump; at the same time, the air pump pumps the outside air into the methanol raw material delivery pipeline through the air interface, and then transports it to the microchannel catalytic exothermic reactor together with the methanol raw material;

[0025] Ⅱ. The microchannel reforming hydrogen production reaction step, the hydrogen purification step and the methanol catalytic exothermic reaction step are as follows:

[0026] ⅰ. Microchannel reforming hydrogen production reaction step: between each layer of double-sided concave-convex plates, methanol water raw material enters the methanol water reforming hydrogen production reaction microchannel from the methanol water feed channel, and within the methanol water reforming hydrogen production reaction microchannel, the methanol water raw material is heated and vaporized, and the vaporized methanol and water undergo a reforming hydrogen production reaction of methanol and water under the action of a catalyst to produce a high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas;

[0027] ⅱ. Hydrogen purification step: The high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas produced in the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reaction step is output to the hydrogen-rich channel on one side of the hydrogen purification plate through the hydrogen-rich gas discharge channel, and the high-temperature hydrogen in the hydrogen-rich channel passes through the hydrogen purification plate into the pure hydrogen channel and then output;

[0028] ⅲ. Methanol catalytic exothermic reaction step: Between each layer of double-sided concave-convex plates, methanol raw material and air enter the methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic microchannel from the methanol air feed channel. Within the methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic microchannel, methanol and oxygen in the air undergo an oxidation exothermic reaction under the action of the catalyst, providing heat for the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reaction, and the generated reaction waste gas is output from the reaction waste gas discharge channel.

[0029] III. The high-temperature hydrogen output heat exchange step is specifically as follows: the high-temperature hydrogen output from the pure hydrogen channel on one side of the hydrogen purification plate enters the heat exchanger, in the heat exchanger, the high-temperature hydrogen exchanges heat with the methanol water raw material, and the high-temperature hydrogen is output after the heat exchange.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: first, compared with the traditional reformer, the microchannel reforming hydrogen production and purification and catalytic exothermic reactor of the present invention has a small size, light weight and good sealing performance; second, the present invention is provided with a plurality of double-sided concave-convex plates, the feed grooves between the adjacent two double-sided concave-convex plates are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a feed channel, the micro reaction grooves between the adjacent two double-sided concave-convex plates are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a micro reaction channel, and the discharge grooves between the adjacent two double-sided concave-convex plates are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a discharge channel, the micro channel material is consistent, the stability is good, the thermal conductivity is consistent, and the catalyst coating is uniform; third, on one side of any double-sided concave-convex plate of the present invention, the feed channel is a methanol-water feed channel, the micro reaction channel is a methanol-water reforming hydrogen production reaction micro channel, and the inner coating It is covered with a methanol-water reforming hydrogen production catalyst, and the discharge channel is a hydrogen-rich gas discharge channel; on the other side of the above-mentioned double-sided concave-convex plate, the feed channel is a methanol-air feed channel, and the micro-reaction channel is a methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic microchannel, which is coated with a methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic catalyst, and the discharge channel is a reaction residual gas discharge channel; in this way, the methanol-water hydrogen production reaction microchannel and the methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic microchannel are alternately stacked, which efficiently provides heat for the methanol-water hydrogen production reaction, has good heat balance, uniform heating, thorough reforming reaction, and high reforming hydrogen production efficiency; Fourth, the microchannel reforming hydrogen production purification and catalytic exothermic reactor of the present invention is provided with at least one hydrogen purification plate, which can directly purify the high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas into high-temperature hydrogen output, with fast purification speed and high efficiency, and no external purification equipment needs to be added. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the microchannel reforming hydrogen purification and catalytic exothermic reactor.

[0034] Figure 4 This is one of the dispersed structure schematic diagrams of the microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor.

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A.

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B.

[0037] Figure 7 This is the second schematic diagram of the dispersed structure of the microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor.

[0038] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part C.

[0039] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part D.

[0040] Fig.10 It is a block diagram of the hydrogen production system of microchannel reforming hydrogen purification and catalytic exothermic reactor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The structural principle and working principle of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] like Figure 1-Figure 9As shown, a microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor comprises, from top to bottom, an upper plate 1, a plurality of double-sided concave-convex plates 3, at least one hydrogen purification plate 18 and a lower plate 2; the plurality of double-sided concave-convex plates 3 are tightly stacked, and the two sides of the double-sided concave-convex plates 3 are respectively provided with a feed groove 31, a micro reaction groove 32 and a discharge groove 33; the feed grooves between two adjacent double-sided concave-convex plates 3 are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a feed channel; the micro reaction grooves between two adjacent double-sided concave-convex plates 3 are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a micro reaction channel; the discharge grooves between two adjacent double-sided concave-convex plates 3 are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a discharge channel; in any one On one side of the double-sided concave-convex plate 3, the feed channel is a methanol-water feed channel, the micro-reaction channel is a methanol-water reforming hydrogen production reaction micro-channel, which is coated with a methanol-water reforming hydrogen production catalyst, and the discharge channel is a hydrogen-rich gas discharge channel; on the other side of the double-sided concave-convex plate 3, the feed channel is a methanol-air feed channel, the micro-reaction channel is a methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic micro-channel, which is coated with a methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic catalyst, and the discharge channel is a reaction residual gas discharge channel; the hydrogen purification plate 18 is a molecular sieve purification plate, and a hydrogen-rich channel is provided on one side of the hydrogen purification plate 18, and a pure hydrogen channel is provided on the other side of the hydrogen purification plate, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen-rich channel can pass through the hydrogen purification plate into the pure hydrogen channel. The methanol-water hydrogen production reaction micro-channel and the methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic micro-channel are alternately stacked. The number of layers of the hydrogen purification plate is preferably 1-5 layers.

[0043] like Figure 3-Figure 9 As shown, the reactor is also provided with a total methanol water feed hole 4, a total methanol air feed hole 5, a total hydrogen-rich gas discharge hole 6 and a total reaction residual gas discharge hole 7 which penetrate the several double-sided concave-convex plates; wherein the total methanol water feed hole 4 is connected to the methanol water feed channels between all the double-sided concave-convex plates, the total methanol air feed hole 5 is connected to the methanol air feed channels between all the double-sided concave-convex plates, the total hydrogen-rich gas discharge hole 6 is connected to the hydrogen-rich gas discharge channels between all the double-sided concave-convex plates, and the total reaction residual gas discharge hole 7 is connected to the reaction residual gas discharge channels between all the double-sided concave-convex plates.

[0044] like Figure 4-Figure 9As shown, the micro-reaction grooves 32 on both sides of the double-sided concave-convex plate 3 are micro-reaction grooves arranged in parallel in straight strips, or are micro-reaction grooves arranged in spirals, or are micro-reaction grooves arranged crosswise; the width of the micro-reaction grooves is 10μm-1mm. The number of the double-sided concave-convex plates is more than 10, preferably 20-100, and the thickness of each double-sided concave-convex plate is 0.1mm-1.0mm. The upper plate 1 is an aluminum alloy upper plate, the lower plate 2 is an aluminum alloy lower plate, the double-sided concave-convex plate 3 is an aluminum alloy double-sided concave-convex plate, and the hydrogen purification plate 18 is a palladium-silver alloy hydrogen purification plate with a palladium-silver alloy film layer vacuum plated on the porous metal surface, and the mass percentage of palladium-silver alloy is 75%-78%, and silver is 22%-25%. The feed slot, micro-reaction slot and discharge slot of the double-sided concave-convex plate 3 are manufactured by laser engraving, chemical etching or hydraulic press hydraulic method. Preferably, it is hydraulically manufactured using a 6500T hydraulic press.

[0045] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a sealed shell 8 is provided on the outside of the reactor, a feed port 81 is provided at one end of the shell 8, and a discharge port 82 is provided at the other end. A filtering mechanism 83 for filtering methanol-water is provided in the sealed shell near one end of the feed port.

[0046] like Fig.10 As shown, and combined with reference Figure 1-9 The above-mentioned hydrogen production system of the microchannel reforming hydrogen production purification and catalytic exothermic reactor comprises a methanol water storage container 10, a methanol storage container 11, a methanol water delivery pump 12, a methanol delivery pump 13, a heat exchanger 14, an air pump 15, and a microchannel reforming hydrogen production purification and catalytic exothermic reactor 16, wherein:

[0047] A methanol water storage container 10 stores liquid methanol water raw material;

[0048] A methanol water delivery pump 12 is used to pump the methanol water raw material in the methanol water storage container 10 to the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor through a delivery pipeline;

[0049] The heat exchanger 14 is installed on the delivery pipeline of the methanol water raw material. The methanol water raw material exchanges heat with the high-temperature hydrogen output from the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor in the heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the methanol water raw material increases and the temperature of the hydrogen decreases;

[0050] A methanol storage container 11, in which liquid methanol raw material is stored;

[0051] A methanol delivery pump 13 is used to pump the methanol raw material in the methanol storage container 11 to the catalytic exothermic reactor through a delivery pipeline, and an air interface 17 is provided in the delivery pipeline of the methanol raw material;

[0052] The air pump 15 is used to pump the outside air into the methanol raw material delivery pipeline through the air interface 17;

[0053] The microchannel reforming hydrogen production purification and catalytic exothermic reactor 16 comprises a microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor, a hydrogen purification plate and a microchannel catalytic exothermic reactor, wherein the methanol water feed channel, the methanol water reforming hydrogen production reaction microchannel and the hydrogen-rich gas discharge channel of each layer of the double-sided concave-convex plate are sequentially connected to form a microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor. In the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor, the methanol water raw material undergoes a reforming hydrogen production reaction of methanol and water. Under the action of the catalyst, a methanol cracking reaction and a carbon monoxide shift reaction occur to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide. This is a multi-component, multi-reaction gas-solid catalytic reaction system, and the reaction equations are: (1) CH3OH→CO+2H2, (2) H2 O+CO→CO2+H2, (3) CH3OH+H2O→CO2+3H2, to produce a high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas, which passes through the hydrogen-rich channel on one side of the hydrogen purification plate, and the high-temperature hydrogen in the hydrogen-rich channel passes through the hydrogen purification plate into the pure hydrogen channel and is then output; wherein the methanol air feed channel, the methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic microchannel, and the reaction residual gas discharge channel of each layer of the double-sided concave-convex plate are connected in sequence to form a microchannel catalytic exothermic reactor, in which methanol and oxygen in the air undergo a catalytic oxidation exothermic reaction to provide heat for the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor, and the reaction equation is: CH3OH+1.5O2→CO2+H2O.

[0054] The hydrogen production method of the above hydrogen production system comprises the following steps:

[0055] Ⅰ. The raw material conveying step includes a methanol-water conveying step and a methanol conveying step, which are specifically as follows:

[0056] ⅰ. Methanol water delivery step: The methanol water raw material in the methanol water storage container is pumped to the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor through a heat exchanger under the pumping force of the methanol water delivery pump; the methanol water raw material exchanges heat with the high-temperature hydrogen in the process of passing through the heat exchanger, the temperature of the methanol water raw material increases, and the temperature of the hydrogen decreases;

[0057] ⅱ. Methanol delivery step: The methanol raw material in the methanol storage container is pumped to the microchannel catalytic exothermic reactor under the pumping force of the methanol delivery pump; at the same time, the air pump pumps the outside air into the methanol raw material delivery pipeline through the air interface, and then transports it to the microchannel catalytic exothermic reactor together with the methanol raw material;

[0058] Ⅱ. The microchannel reforming hydrogen production reaction step, the hydrogen purification step and the methanol catalytic exothermic reaction step are as follows:

[0059] ⅰ. Microchannel reforming hydrogen production reaction step: between each layer of double-sided concave-convex plates, methanol water raw material enters the methanol water reforming hydrogen production reaction microchannel from the methanol water feed channel, and within the methanol water reforming hydrogen production reaction microchannel, the methanol water raw material is heated and vaporized, and the vaporized methanol and water undergo a reforming hydrogen production reaction of methanol and water under the action of a catalyst to produce a high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas;

[0060] ⅱ. Hydrogen purification step: The high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas produced in the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reaction step is output to the hydrogen-rich channel on one side of the hydrogen purification plate through the hydrogen-rich gas discharge channel, and the high-temperature hydrogen in the hydrogen-rich channel passes through the hydrogen purification plate into the pure hydrogen channel and then output;

[0061] ⅲ. Methanol catalytic exothermic reaction step: Between each layer of double-sided concave-convex plates, methanol raw material and air enter the methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic microchannel from the methanol air feed channel. Within the methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic microchannel, methanol and oxygen in the air undergo an oxidation exothermic reaction under the action of the catalyst, providing heat for the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reaction, and the generated reaction waste gas is output from the reaction waste gas discharge channel.

[0062] III. The high-temperature hydrogen output heat exchange step is specifically as follows: the high-temperature hydrogen output from the pure hydrogen channel on one side of the hydrogen purification plate enters the heat exchanger, in the heat exchanger, the high-temperature hydrogen exchanges heat with the methanol water raw material, and the high-temperature hydrogen is output after the heat exchange.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Any slight modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical solution of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. Microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor, characterized by: It includes an upper plate, a plurality of double-sided concave-convex plates, at least one hydrogen purification plate and a lower plate from top to bottom; the plurality of double-sided concave-convex plates are tightly stacked, and the two sides of the double-sided concave-convex plates are respectively provided with a feed slot, a micro reaction slot and a discharge slot; the feed slots between two adjacent double-sided concave-convex plates are mirror images of each other and fit each other to form a feed channel; The micro-reaction grooves between two adjacent double-sided concave-convex plates are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a micro-reaction channel; the discharge grooves between two adjacent double-sided concave-convex plates are mirror images of each other and fit together to form a discharge channel; on one side of any double-sided concave-convex plate, the feed channel is a methanol-water feed channel, the micro-reaction channel is a methanol-water reforming hydrogen production reaction microchannel, which is coated with a methanol-water reforming hydrogen production catalyst, and the discharge channel is a hydrogen-rich gas discharge channel; on the other side of the above-mentioned double-sided concave-convex plate, the feed channel is a methanol-air inlet channel. The material channel is a micro-reaction channel for methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic micro-channel, which is coated with a methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic catalyst, and the discharge channel is a reaction residual gas discharge channel; the hydrogen purification plate is a molecular sieve purification plate, a hydrogen-rich channel is provided on one side of the hydrogen purification plate, and a pure hydrogen channel is provided on the other side of the hydrogen purification plate, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen-rich channel can pass through the hydrogen purification plate into the pure hydrogen channel; the width of the micro-reaction tank is 10μm-1mm, and the thickness of the double-sided concave-convex plate is 0.1mm-1.0mm.

2. The microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor is also provided with a total methanol water feed hole, a total methanol air feed hole, a total hydrogen-rich gas discharge hole and a total reaction residual gas discharge hole which penetrate the plurality of double-sided concave-convex plates; wherein the total methanol water feed hole is connected to the methanol water feed channels between all the double-sided concave-convex plates, the total methanol air feed hole is connected to the methanol air feed channels between all the double-sided concave-convex plates, the total hydrogen-rich gas discharge hole is connected to the hydrogen-rich gas discharge channels between all the double-sided concave-convex plates, and the total reaction residual gas discharge hole is connected to the reaction residual gas discharge channels between all the double-sided concave-convex plates.

3. The microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro reaction grooves on both sides of the double-sided concave-convex plate are micro reaction grooves arranged in parallel in a straight strip shape, or are micro reaction grooves arranged in a spiral shape, or are micro reaction grooves arranged crosswise.

4. The microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the double-sided concave-convex plates is more than 10.

5. The microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper plate is an aluminum alloy upper plate, the lower plate is an aluminum alloy lower plate, and the double-sided concave-convex plate is an aluminum alloy double-sided concave-convex plate; the hydrogen purification plate is a palladium-silver alloy hydrogen purification plate with a palladium-silver alloy film layer vacuum-plated on the porous metal surface, and the mass percentage of the palladium-silver alloy is 75%-78% palladium and 22%-25% silver.

6. The microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor is sheathed with a sealed shell, one end of the shell is provided with a feed port, and the other end is provided with a discharge port. A filtering mechanism for filtering methanol-water is provided in the sealed shell near one end of the feed port.

7. The microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed slot, micro reaction slot and discharge slot of the double-sided concave-convex plate are manufactured by laser engraving, chemical etching or hydraulic press.

8. A hydrogen production system using the microchannel reforming hydrogen production, purification and catalytic exothermic reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes a methanol water storage container, a methanol storage container, a methanol water delivery pump, a methanol delivery pump, a heat exchanger, an air pump, a microchannel reforming hydrogen purification and catalytic exothermic reactor, wherein: A methanol water storage container, in which liquid methanol water raw material is stored; A methanol water delivery pump is used to pump the methanol water raw material in the methanol water storage container to the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor through a delivery pipeline; The heat exchanger is installed on the delivery pipeline of the methanol water raw material. The methanol water raw material exchanges heat with the high-temperature hydrogen output from the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor in the heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the methanol water raw material increases and the temperature of the hydrogen decreases; A methanol storage container, in which liquid methanol raw material is stored; A methanol delivery pump is used to pump the methanol raw material in the methanol storage container to the catalytic exothermic reactor through a delivery pipeline, and an air interface is provided in the delivery pipeline of the methanol raw material; An air pump is used to pump external air into the methanol raw material delivery pipeline through the air interface; A microchannel reforming hydrogen production purification and catalytic exothermic reactor comprises a microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor, a hydrogen purification plate and a microchannel catalytic exothermic reactor, wherein the methanol-water feed channel, the methanol-water reforming hydrogen production reaction microchannel and the hydrogen-rich gas discharge channel of each layer of the double-sided concave-convex plate are connected in sequence to form a microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor, in which the methanol-water raw material undergoes a reforming hydrogen production reaction of methanol and water to produce a high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas, which passes through the hydrogen-rich channel on one side of the hydrogen purification plate, and the high-temperature hydrogen in the hydrogen-rich channel passes through the hydrogen purification plate into the pure hydrogen channel and is then output; wherein the methanol-air feed channel, the methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic microchannel and the reaction residual gas discharge channel of each layer of the double-sided concave-convex plate are connected in sequence to form a microchannel catalytic exothermic reactor, in which methanol undergoes a catalytic oxidation exothermic reaction with oxygen in the air to provide heat for the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor.

9. The hydrogen production method of the hydrogen production system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Ⅰ. The raw material conveying step includes a methanol-water conveying step and a methanol conveying step, which are specifically as follows: ⅰ. Methanol water delivery step: The methanol water raw material in the methanol water storage container is pumped to the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reactor through a heat exchanger under the pumping force of the methanol water delivery pump; the methanol water raw material exchanges heat with the high-temperature hydrogen in the process of passing through the heat exchanger, the temperature of the methanol water raw material increases, and the temperature of the hydrogen decreases; ⅱ. Methanol delivery step: The methanol raw material in the methanol storage container is pumped to the microchannel catalytic exothermic reactor under the pumping force of the methanol delivery pump; at the same time, the air pump pumps the outside air into the methanol raw material delivery pipeline through the air interface, and then transports it to the microchannel catalytic exothermic reactor together with the methanol raw material; Ⅱ. The microchannel reforming hydrogen production reaction step, the hydrogen purification step and the methanol catalytic exothermic reaction step are as follows: ⅰ. Microchannel reforming hydrogen production reaction step: between each layer of double-sided concave-convex plates, methanol water raw material enters the methanol water reforming hydrogen production reaction microchannel from the methanol water feed channel, and within the methanol water reforming hydrogen production reaction microchannel, the methanol water raw material is heated and vaporized, and the vaporized methanol and water undergo a reforming hydrogen production reaction of methanol and water under the action of a catalyst to produce a high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas; ⅱ. Hydrogen purification step: The high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas produced in the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reaction step is output to the hydrogen-rich channel on one side of the hydrogen purification plate through the hydrogen-rich gas discharge channel, and the high-temperature hydrogen in the hydrogen-rich channel passes through the hydrogen purification plate into the pure hydrogen channel and then output; ⅲ. Methanol catalytic exothermic reaction step: Between each layer of double-sided concave-convex plates, methanol raw material and air enter the methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic microchannel from the methanol air feed channel. In the methanol catalytic oxidation exothermic microchannel, methanol and oxygen in the air react with each other under the action of the catalyst to produce heat for the microchannel reforming hydrogen production reaction. The generated reaction waste gas is discharged from the reaction waste gas discharge channel; III. The high-temperature hydrogen output heat exchange step is specifically as follows: the high-temperature hydrogen output from the pure hydrogen channel on one side of the hydrogen purification plate enters the heat exchanger, in the heat exchanger, the high-temperature hydrogen exchanges heat with the methanol water raw material, and the high-temperature hydrogen is output after the heat exchange.

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