Burners with automatic air supply, ignition and fire detection for carbon electrode or cathode baking furnaces

Abstract

The present invention discloses a burner with automatic air distribution, ignition and flame detection for a carbon electrode or cathode roasting furnace, comprising: a controller, an automatic ignition device, a base (1), a cavity (2), a partition (3), a first combustion-supporting cavity (17), a second combustion-supporting cavity (18), a combustion cavity (4), a cover (10), an air supply device, a flame detection device, and a combustion-supporting air adjustment device. The present invention divides the cavity for providing combustion-supporting oxygen into a first combustion-supporting cavity and a second combustion-supporting cavity by means of a partition, thereby realizing two-layer oxygen supply to the burner and the roasting furnace, which effectively improves the combustion completeness of the gas in the roasting furnace and ensures the ignition stability of the igniter. At the same time, the gas nozzle of the combustion device is designed by applying the Venturi principle, and the natural gas is sprayed through the main spray hole and a plurality of fine spray holes, so that the flow rate is increased, forming a local negative pressure and merging with the negative pressure of the furnace chamber to suck the combustion-supporting air into the combustion chamber of the burner, thereby increasing the combustion-supporting oxygen required for combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of carbon electrode roasting, and specifically refers to a burner with automatic air distribution, ignition and fire detection for a carbon electrode or cathode roasting furnace. Background Art

[0002] At present, the cathode and carbon electrode roasting furnace burners at home and abroad are mainly manual, with manual ignition and manual operation to stop the gas supply. There is no protection and alarm for accidental flameout, and the ratio of gas to combustion-supporting air is also adjusted manually. Semi-automatic operation only centrally controls the flow rate of several burners in a furnace chamber and cuts off the main gas. The automatic ignition burner invented by a few companies is equipped with an ignition electrode and an ionization fire detection rod on each burner, which basically realizes the automatic control function of automatic ignition and fire failure alarm. However, this automatic ignition burner still has the defects of ignition stability, fire detection reliability and unstable air-fuel ratio adjustment performance.

[0003] The temperature curve of the cathode and carbon electrode baking furnace is a process of rapid heating, heat preservation and cooling between 220℃-1250℃-820℃. In the low to medium temperature zone, the air distribution needs to be carried out according to the ratio of gas to air of 1:10. At the same time, since there are many volatiles that need to be burned, the oxygen required for the combustion of volatiles must also be considered; in the medium and high temperature zone above 900℃, since there is more combustion-supporting air pulled from the high temperature furnace chamber, the burner itself needs less external combustion-supporting air, and the burner air inlet door should be adjusted down until it is closed. In other words, appropriate combustion-supporting air is needed during combustion, and air cannot be introduced from the burner when high temperature or intermittent combustion is stopped.

[0004] In summary, if stable ignition, reliable fire detection and appropriate ratio of gas and combustion-supporting air cannot be achieved, the gas and volatiles in the low-temperature zone cannot be completely burned, and the temperature rise in the high-temperature zone will not be normal. The combustion efficiency of the roasting system will not be able to be improved, thereby affecting the energy consumption indicators of the carbon roasting furnace and the furnace cycle of the carbon electrode. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a burner with automatic air supply, ignition and fire detection for a carbon electrode or cathode roasting furnace, which can automatically complete ignition according to demand and realize complete combustion of the gas after two layers of wind assisting combustion, and can monitor the combustion situation of the roasting furnace in real time, and can effectively avoid gas explosion and roasting quality problems caused by untimely ignition after the flame is extinguished.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A burner with automatic air distribution, ignition and fire detection for a carbon electrode or cathode roasting furnace comprises: a controller, an automatic ignition device, a base, a cavity arranged on the base, a partition arranged in the cavity, and the partition divides the cavity into a first combustion-supporting cavity and a second combustion-supporting cavity, a combustion cavity with one end connected to the partition and connected to the first combustion-supporting cavity after passing through the partition and the other end extending out of the lower port of the second combustion-supporting cavity, a combustion device fixed in the combustion cavity, a cover body matching the cavity, an air supply device installed on the cover body and connected to the combustion device after passing through the cover body at one end, a flame detection device fixed on the cover body and extending into the cavity after passing through the cover body, and a combustion-supporting air adjustment device connected to the cavity; the controller is respectively connected to the air supply device, the automatic ignition device, the combustion-supporting air adjustment device and the flame detection device.

[0008] The automatic ignition device comprises a high-voltage ignition package and an ignition electrode electrically connected to the high-voltage ignition package; the ignition electrode is installed on the cover body and the front end thereof penetrates through the cover body and extends into the combustion chamber.

[0009] The gas supply device comprises a gas pipe installed on the cover body and one end of which penetrates through the cover body and is connected to the combustion device, and a solenoid valve connected to the other end of the gas pipe; the controller is connected to the solenoid valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the partition is provided with an air passage cavity for connecting the first combustion-supporting cavity and the second combustion-supporting cavity; the cavity body is provided with an air inlet hole, and the air inlet hole is specifically arranged on the first combustion-supporting cavity and located above the air passage cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the combustion device includes a nozzle and a wind disk mounted on the nozzle; the gas pipe is connected to the nozzle; a main jet hole is provided at the front end of the nozzle, and a plurality of fine jet holes are evenly distributed around the main jet hole, and a plurality of flame-stabilizing gas jet holes connected to the nozzle are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the nozzle.

[0012] Furthermore, the wind disk is respectively provided with an air outlet hole, a flame detection hole, and an ignition electrode positioning hole; the ignition end of the ignition electrode is obliquely arranged in the ignition electrode positioning hole, and the ignition needle of the ignition end of the ignition electrode (8) corresponds to the orifice of the main jet hole of the nozzle.

[0013] Preferably, the flame detection device is a UV photosensitive probe, and a smoke outlet is provided at the front end of the UV photosensitive probe; the probe port of the UV photosensitive probe and the flame detection hole are located on the same axis.

[0014] Preferably, the combustion-supporting air regulating device is a flow regulating valve, which is connected to the air inlet of the cavity through a hose; the controller is connected to the flow regulating valve. The air inlet end of the solenoid valve is also provided with a flow regulating valve connected to the controller. The controller is a PLC controller.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The present invention divides the cavity for providing combustion-supporting oxygen into a first combustion-supporting cavity and a second combustion-supporting cavity by means of a partition, thereby realizing two-layer oxygen supply to the burner and the roasting furnace, and effectively improving the combustion completeness of the fuel gas in the roasting furnace.

[0017] (2) The gas nozzle of the combustion device of the present invention is designed using the Venturi principle. Natural gas is sprayed out through the main spray hole and a plurality of fine spray holes, and the flow rate is increased, forming a local negative pressure and merging with the negative pressure of the furnace chamber to suck the combustion air into the burner combustion chamber, thereby increasing the combustion oxygen required for combustion.

[0018] (3) The present invention is provided with an automatic ignition device, which can perform ignition operation again through a controller when ignition is needed or the flame is extinguished, thereby effectively overcoming the problems of gas explosion caused by untimely manual ignition and excessive temperature difference in the fire channel affecting the quality of the finished product. At the same time, the ignition needle at the ignition end of the ignition electrode of the automatic ignition device of the present invention corresponds to the orifice of the main jet hole of the gas nozzle, so that the ignition success rate is above 98%.

[0019] (4) The present invention is provided with a solenoid valve and a flow regulating valve connected to a PLC controller. The solenoid valve can be controlled by the PLC controller to achieve the purpose of controlling the gas intake flow rate. At the same time, the flow regulating valve can regulate the combustion-supporting oxygen of the ignition and roasting furnace under the control of the PLC controller to ensure the stability of the ignition and the sufficiency of the combustion of the roasting furnace.

[0020] (5) The flame detection device of the present invention adopts a UV photosensitive probe with high sensitivity, which can detect the flame burning of the roasting furnace in real time, and give an alarm in time and automatically cut off the gas when the flame goes out. At the same time, a smoke return outlet is designed at the front end of the UV photosensitive probe to ensure that the probe will not be burned and the lens will not be blackened by smoke when the furnace chamber backfires, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the roasting furnace combustion flame monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the combustion device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the partition of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the use of the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. base; 2. cavity; 3. partition; 4. combustion chamber; 5. smoke outlet; 6. UV photosensitive probe; 7. gas pipe; 8. ignition electrode; 9. air passage chamber; 10. cover; 11. main jet hole; 12. nozzle; 13. wind disk; 14. flame-stabilizing gas jet hole; 15. flame detection hole; 16. solenoid valve; 17. first combustion-supporting chamber; 18. second combustion-supporting chamber; 19. fine jet hole; 20. air inlet; 21. air outlet; 22. ignition electrode positioning hole; 23. flow regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a burner with automatic air distribution, ignition and flame detection for a carbon electrode or cathode baking furnace includes a controller, a base 1, a cavity 2, a partition 3, a first combustion chamber 17, a second combustion chamber 18, a combustion chamber 4, a cover 10, an air supply device, a flame detection device, a combustion air adjustment device, and an ignition electrode 8. The controller is respectively connected to the air supply device, the combustion air adjustment device, the automatic ignition device and the flame detection device. The controller is preferably implemented by a PLC controller in this embodiment.

[0029] During implementation, the base 1 is fixed to the fire well mouth of the cathode or carbon electrode roasting furnace, and the connection between the base 1 and the fire well mouth of the roasting furnace is sealed by a high temperature resistant sealing material.

[0030] The cavity 2 is arranged on the base 1. The partition 3 is arranged in the cavity 2, and the partition 3 divides the cavity 2 into a first combustion-supporting cavity 17 and a second combustion-supporting cavity 18. The partition 3 is provided with a gas passage cavity 9 for connecting the first combustion-supporting cavity 17 and the second combustion-supporting cavity 18. At the same time, an air inlet 20 is provided on the cavity 2, and the air inlet 20 is arranged on the first combustion-supporting cavity 17 and is located above the gas passage cavity 9. The burner can realize two-layer oxygen supply to the burner and the roasting furnace through the first combustion-supporting cavity 17 and the second combustion-supporting cavity 18, which not only improves the combustion completeness of the gas in the roasting furnace, but also ensures the ignition stability of the igniter. One end of the combustion chamber 4 is connected to the partition 3 and passes through the partition 3 to communicate with the first combustion-supporting cavity 17, and the other end extends out of the lower port of the second combustion-supporting cavity 18. The combustion device is fixed in the combustion chamber 4.

[0031] At the same time, the cover body 10 is used in conjunction with the cavity 2. The air supply device is installed on the cover body 10 and one end thereof penetrates the cover body 10 and is connected to the combustion device. The flame detection device is fixed on the cover body 10 and penetrates the cover body 10 and extends into the cavity 2. The induction light of the flame detection device can sense the ultraviolet light generated by the flame in the roasting furnace after penetrating the cavity 2. The combustion-supporting air adjustment device is connected to the cavity 2. The automatic ignition device includes a high-voltage ignition package, and an ignition electrode 8 electrically connected to the high-voltage ignition package; the ignition electrode 8 is installed on the cover body 10 and the front end thereof penetrates the cover body 10 and extends into the combustion chamber 4. The high-voltage ignition package is electrically connected to the controller. The high-voltage ignition package in this embodiment is preferably implemented by a 100% power high-voltage ignition package that can generate 8KVA high voltage.

[0032] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the gas supply device includes a gas pipe 7 installed on the cover body 10 and one end of which passes through the cover body 10 and is connected to the combustion device, and a solenoid valve 16 connected to the other end of the gas pipe 7; the controller is connected to the solenoid valve 16. The solenoid valve 16 is used to adjust the power of the burner. Under the control of the controller, the solenoid valve 16 can adjust the air intake volume and control the opening and closing of the air intake channel of the burner. Specifically, the solenoid valve 16 of the gas inlet is adjusted by the controller to increase, decrease and cut off the gas flow. When the gas flow is increased, the burner power increases, and vice versa. When the solenoid valve 16 is cut off, the burner stops.

[0033] Wherein, the combustion device is as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it includes a nozzle 12 and a wind disk 13. The gas pipe 7 is connected to the nozzle 12. In order to increase the gas flow rate of the nozzle 12, form a local negative pressure and merge the negative pressure of the furnace chamber to suck the combustion air into the combustion chamber of the burner, and increase the combustion oxygen required for combustion, a main jet hole 11 is set at the front end of the nozzle 12 in this embodiment, and a number of fine jet holes 19 are evenly distributed around the main jet hole 11. A plurality of flame-stabilizing gas jet holes 14 connected to the nozzle 12 are also evenly distributed on the outer wall of the nozzle 12. In this embodiment, the hole diameter of the main jet hole 11 is preferably set to 6mm, the hole diameter of the fine jet hole 19 is designed to be 3mm, and the diameter of the flame-stabilizing gas jet hole 14 is 2.5mm. The hole diameter of the fine jet hole 19 can be selected in the range of 2mm-4mm according to design calculation. The number of the flame-stabilizing gas jet holes 14 and the fine jet holes 19 is determined by design calculation according to the power size of the burner. Specifically, the diameter and number of the fine gas injection holes 19 and the flame stabilizing gas injection holes 14 are set according to the standard ratio of about 1:10 of gas to wind. The greater the burner power, the greater the number of the flame stabilizing gas injection holes 14 and the fine gas injection holes 19, and the larger the diameter of the flame stabilizing gas injection holes 14 and the fine gas injection holes 19. Conversely, the smaller the burner power, the fewer the number of the flame stabilizing gas injection holes 14 and the fine gas injection holes 19, and the smaller the diameter of the flame stabilizing gas injection holes 14 and the fine gas injection holes 19.

[0034] At the same time, the wind disk 13 is sleeved on the nozzle 12. In this embodiment, the wind disk 13 and the nozzle 12 are designed as one body. In actual use, other methods can also be used to integrate the flame-stabilizing wind disk 13 and the nozzle 12 into one body. The wind disk 13 is respectively provided with an air outlet 21, a flame detection hole 15, and an ignition electrode positioning hole 22. The ignition end of the ignition electrode 8 is tiltedly arranged in the ignition electrode positioning hole 22, and the ignition needle of the ignition end of the ignition electrode 8 corresponds to the orifice of the main jet hole 11 of the nozzle 12. This setting method can make the ignition success rate more than 98%. In this embodiment, the hole diameter of the air outlet 21 is preferably set to 14mm. When setting the hole diameter of the air hole 21, it can be selected in the range of 12mm-16mm, and it can also be adjusted according to needs. The ignition electrode positioning hole 22 is preferably set as an inclined hole to achieve the ignition end of the ignition electrode 8 to be tilted in the ignition electrode positioning hole 22, so that the ignition end of the ignition electrode 8 can better correspond to the main jet hole 11 on the nozzle 12, effectively ensuring the stability of ignition. The number of the air outlet holes 21 is designed and determined according to the power size of the burner. Specifically, the hole diameter and number of the air outlet holes 21 are set according to the ratio of gas to air of about 1:10.

[0035] During operation, the automatic ignition device generates 8KVA high voltage through the 100% power high voltage ignition package, and the ignition needle of the ignition electrode 8 ionizes the air to discharge, igniting the natural gas ejected from the main jet hole 11 and the fine jet hole 19 to burn. The 100% power high voltage ignition package can continuously ignite and discharge for a long time through the control of the PLC controller to ensure the stability of the ignition discharge. At the same time, the ignition electrode 8 is designed and installed so that the ignition needle tip corresponds to the main jet hole 11 and the fine jet hole 19. The gas ejected from the main jet hole 11 and the fine jet hole 19 can always contact the electric spark generated by the ignition needle of the ignition electrode 8 and form a slight deflagration. Regardless of the gas flow rate, the ignition success rate can be better guaranteed to be above 98%.

[0036] Preferably, the flame detection device is configured as a UV photosensitive probe 6 in this embodiment. The UV photosensitive probe 6 can accurately transmit the detected ultraviolet signal to the controller, and the controller sends a signal to control the continuous opening of the solenoid valve 16. When the flame is accidentally extinguished, the UV photosensitive probe cannot sense the ultraviolet signal, and the controller sends a command signal to close the solenoid valve 16. In order to ensure that the UV photosensitive probe will not be burned and the lens will not be blackened by smoke and dust, and to further improve the reliability of the roasting furnace combustion flame monitoring, a smoke outlet 5 is provided at the front end of the UV photosensitive probe 6, and the probe port of the UV photosensitive probe 6 is located on the same axis as the flame detection hole 15.

[0037] Preferably, the combustion-supporting air regulating device is a flow regulating valve 23, which is connected to the air inlet 20 of the cavity 2 through a hose, and the controller is connected to the flow regulating valve 23. The flow regulating valve 23 is used to adjust the combustion-supporting air intake of the burner. Specifically, the combustion-supporting air regulating device controls the switch and air intake of the electric flow valve 23 through the controller, and the combustion-supporting air flows into the first combustion-supporting chamber 17 through the flow regulating valve 23 and the hose to provide combustion-supporting air to the combustion device. At the same time, the combustion-supporting air also enters the second combustion-supporting chamber 18 through the air passage chamber 9 set on the partition 3. The combustion-supporting air after passing through the second combustion-supporting chamber 18 enters the roasting furnace, so that the fuel gas of the roasting furnace is fully burned, thereby effectively improving the fuel gas combustion efficiency of the roasting furnace.

[0038] Furthermore, in order to adjust the power of the burner, Figure 4 As shown, a flow regulating valve 23 is also provided at the air inlet end of the electromagnetic valve 16 of the gas supply device. Specifically, the flow regulating valve 23 is connected to the air inlet end of the electromagnetic valve 16 through a gas switch. The flow regulating valve 23 is used to adjust the size of the gas flow, that is, when the gas flow is increased, the power of the burner increases, and vice versa, the power of the burner decreases. The flow regulating valve 23 is also connected to the controller, and it completes the adjustment of the gas under the control of the controller, so that the burner can meet the working needs of different roasting furnaces.

[0039] As described above, the present invention can be well implemented.

Claims

1. A burner with automatic air supply, ignition and fire detection for a carbon electrode or cathode baking furnace, characterized in that: The invention comprises a controller, an automatic ignition device, a base (1), a cavity (2) arranged on the base (1), a partition (3) arranged in the cavity (2), wherein the partition (3) divides the cavity (2) into a first combustion-supporting cavity (17) and a second combustion-supporting cavity (18), a combustion cavity (4) having one end connected to the partition (3) and penetrating through the partition (3) to communicate with the first combustion-supporting cavity (17), and the other end extending out of the lower port of the second combustion-supporting cavity (18), a combustion device fixed in the combustion cavity (4), a cover body (10) matched with the cavity (2), and a cover body (10) installed on the cover body. An air supply device is mounted on the body (10) and one end of which passes through the cover body (10) and is connected to the combustion device; a flame detection device is fixed on the cover body (10) and passes through the cover body (10) and extends into the cavity (2); and a combustion-supporting air adjustment device is connected to the cavity (2); the controller is respectively connected to the air supply device, the automatic ignition device, the combustion-supporting air adjustment device and the flame detection device; the base (1) is fixed to the fire well mouth of the cathode or carbon electrode roasting furnace, and the connection between the base (1) and the fire well mouth of the roasting furnace is sealed by a high-temperature resistant sealing material.

2. The burner with automatic air supply, ignition and fire detection for a carbon electrode or cathode baking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic ignition device comprises a high-voltage ignition package and an ignition electrode (8) electrically connected to the high-voltage ignition package; the ignition electrode (8) is mounted on the cover body (10) and the front end of the ignition electrode (8) penetrates the cover body (10) and then extends into the combustion chamber (4).

3. The burner with automatic air supply, ignition and fire detection for a carbon electrode or cathode baking furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas supply device comprises a gas pipe (7) which is mounted on the cover body (10) and one end of which passes through the cover body (10) and is connected to the combustion device, and a solenoid valve (16) which is connected to the other end of the gas pipe (7); the controller is connected to the solenoid valve (16).

4. The burner with automatic air supply, ignition and fire detection for a carbon electrode or cathode baking furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The partition plate (3) is provided with an air passage cavity (9) for connecting the first combustion-supporting cavity (17) and the second combustion-supporting cavity (18); the cavity body (2) is provided with an air inlet hole (20), and the air inlet hole (20) is arranged on the first combustion-supporting cavity (17) and located above the air passage cavity (9).

5. The burner with automatic air supply, ignition and fire detection for a carbon electrode or cathode baking furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The combustion device comprises a nozzle (12) and a wind disk (13) sleeved on the nozzle (12); the gas pipe (7) is connected to the nozzle (12); a main jet hole (11) is provided at the front end of the nozzle (12), and a plurality of fine jet holes (19) are evenly distributed around the main jet hole (11); and a plurality of flame-stabilizing gas jet holes (14) connected to the nozzle (12) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the nozzle (12).

6. The burner with automatic air supply, ignition and fire detection for a carbon electrode or cathode baking furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wind disk (13) is respectively provided with an air outlet hole (21), a flame detection hole (15), and an ignition electrode positioning hole (22); the ignition end of the ignition electrode (8) is obliquely arranged in the ignition electrode positioning hole (22), and the ignition needle of the ignition end of the ignition electrode (8) and the orifice of the main jet hole (11) of the nozzle (12) are located on the same horizontal line.

7. The burner with automatic air supply, ignition and fire detection for a carbon electrode or cathode baking furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flame detection device is a UV photosensitive probe (6), and a smoke outlet (5) is provided at the front end of the UV photosensitive probe (6); the probe opening of the UV photosensitive probe (6) and the flame detection hole (15) are located on the same axis.

8. The burner with automatic air supply, ignition and fire detection for a carbon electrode or cathode baking furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: The combustion-supporting air regulating device is a flow regulating valve (23), which is connected to the air inlet (20) of the cavity (2) via a hose; and the controller is connected to the flow regulating valve (23).

9. The burner with automatic air supply, ignition and fire detection for a carbon electrode or cathode baking furnace according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that: The air inlet end of the solenoid valve (16) is also provided with a flow regulating valve (23) connected to the controller.

10. The burner with automatic air supply, ignition and fire detection for a carbon electrode or cathode baking furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that: The controller is a PLC controller.

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