A shear displacement measurement system for torsion shear instrument

Abstract

The invention discloses a shear displacement measuring system of a torsion shear instrument, which belongs to the technical field of civil engineering test equipment. The system comprises a main frame, a pressure plate device and a photographing device. The pressure plate device is arranged on the main frame, and the pressure plate device comprises an upper pressure plate and a lower pressure plate for placing samples. The upper pressure plate is connected to an axial pressure system for driving the upper pressure plate to move up and down, and the lower pressure plate is connected to a torque system for driving the lower pressure plate to rotate horizontally. The photographing device is used to measure the real-time shear displacement of the samples in the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate, and the samples in the upper pressure plate are driven to move downward and contact with the samples in the lower pressure plate by the axial pressure system, and the torque system drives the lower pressure plate to rotate, and the photographing device measures the real-time shear displacement of the samples in the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate, thereby solving the problem that conventional geotechnical instruments cannot measure the shear displacement of each layer of materials in real time when performing interface shear tests on composite liner systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a shear displacement measuring system of a torsion shear instrument, belonging to the technical field of civil engineering test equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the development of economy and the expansion of urban scale, the increasing output of urban solid waste and the accumulation of waste that needs to be treated have become difficult problems that must be solved in urban development. At present, the most effective method of garbage disposal in my country is deep landfill. Modern sanitary landfill projects are developing in a trend of high and large scale. Overall stability is an important prerequisite for the sanitary and safe operation of landfills. The strength of the liner system is crucial to the overall stability of the landfill. Therefore, the interface shear properties of the liner system composed mainly of geosynthetics will become an important factor in controlling the stability of modern sanitary landfill projects and translational failure analysis. The liner system in modern sanitary landfill projects mainly includes geosynthetics such as geomembranes, geotextiles, geonets, GCL liners, sand and clay. To study the mechanical properties of different geotechnical materials in the liner system, it is necessary to conduct an overall shear test strictly in accordance with the composition of this liner system.

[0003] Conventional geotechnical instruments have the disadvantage of being unable to measure the shear displacement of each layer of material in real time when conducting interface shear tests on composite liner systems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a shear displacement measurement system for a torsion shear instrument.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A shear displacement measurement system of a torsion shear instrument comprises an upper pressure plate connected to an axial pressure system, a lower pressure plate connected to a torque system and a detection device capable of detecting the real-time shear displacement of a sample, wherein the lower pressure plate and the upper pressure plate are respectively provided with respective sample accommodating grooves; the sample placed in the sample accommodating groove of the upper pressure plate is superimposed on the sample placed in the sample accommodating groove of the lower pressure plate under the drive of the axial pressure system, the torque system drives the lower pressure plate to rotate, and the two samples are torsionally sheared under the dual action of the axial force output by the axial pressure system and the torsional force output by the torque system, and the real-time shear displacement of the sample is obtained through the detection device.

[0007] Furthermore, the detection device includes an internal camera, surrounding cameras, and a coaxially arranged outer ring group and inner ring group; the outer ring group includes a plurality of stacked outer rings, the outer peripheral walls of the outer rings are engraved with scales, the scales on each outer ring do not block each other, the outer cover of the outer ring group is connected to a water bath cover, the side wall of the water bath cover is axially provided with a water bath cover indicator line, and the water bath cover indicator line is located within the camera range of the surrounding cameras; the inner ring group includes a plurality of stacked inner rings, the inner peripheral walls of the inner rings are engraved with scales, the scales on each inner ring do not block each other, the inner glass tube is also provided inside the inner ring group, the tube wall of the inner glass tube is axially provided with an inner glass tube indicator line, a reflector is provided inside the inner glass tube, and the internal camera obtains the scale image on the inner ring group through the reflector.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottoms of the outer stacked ring group and the inner stacked ring group are respectively connected with universal wheels, and the universal wheels are supported on the lower pressure plate through universal wheel brackets.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper pressure plate is contact-connected with an inner stacked ring baffle and an outer stacked ring baffle, which cooperate with each other to form an annular upper pressure plate specimen accommodating groove; during the torsional shear test, the inner stacked ring baffle is sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner stacked ring group, and the outer stacked ring baffle is sleeved on the inside of the outer stacked ring group.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower pressure plate is contact-connected with an inner retaining ring and an outer retaining ring, which cooperate to form an annular lower pressure plate sample accommodating groove, and the upper pressure plate sample accommodating groove is equal in size to the lower pressure plate sample accommodating groove, and the grooves are opposite.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner stacked ring baffle, the outer stacked ring baffle, the inner retaining ring and the outer retaining ring are each provided with a plurality of hole pressure sensors, the axial pressure system is provided with a load sensor capable of detecting the axial pressure output by the axial pressure system, and the torque system is provided with a torque sensor capable of detecting the torque output by the torque system; the processor controls the axial pressure output by the axial pressure system according to a closed-loop system formed by the actuator and the load sensor in the axial pressure system, and controls the torque output by the torque system according to a closed-loop system formed by the servo motor and the torque sensor in the torque system.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner stacked ring baffle and the outer stacked ring baffle are respectively connected to the upper pressure plate through a first adjusting screw, and the first adjusting screw is sleeved with a first adjusting spring; the inner retaining ring and the outer retaining ring are respectively connected to the lower pressure plate through a second adjusting screw, and the second adjusting screw is sleeved with a second adjusting spring.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower pressure plate is rotatably sealed and connected to a water tank bottom plate, and the water bath cover is arranged on the water tank bottom plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a sample gripping member fixedly connected to the upper pressure plate is provided in the sample accommodating groove of the upper pressure plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention enables a sample placed in a sample accommodating groove of an upper pressure plate to overlap with a sample placed in a sample accommodating groove of a lower pressure plate under the drive of an axial pressure system, and a torque system drives the lower pressure plate to rotate. The two samples undergo torsional shear under the dual effects of the axial force output by the axial pressure system and the torsional force output by the torque system, and the real-time shear displacement of the samples is obtained through a detection device, thereby solving the problem that conventional geotechnical instruments cannot measure the shear displacement of each layer of materials in real time when conducting an interface shear test of a composite liner system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application, so that other features, purposes and advantages of this application become more obvious. The schematic embodiment drawings and their descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear apparatus;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the main view of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0020] Figure 3 This is the left view of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a top view of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the left section view of a large static multifunctional torsion shear apparatus;

[0023] Figure 6 This is the main cross-sectional view of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mainframe structure of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a rotating cross-sectional view of the mainframe of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of the axial compression system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0027] Fig.10 It is a rotating cross-sectional view of the axial compression system of a large static multifunctional torsion shear apparatus;

[0028] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the torque system structure of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0029] Fig.12 It is a rotating cross-sectional view of the torque system of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0030] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the amplifying disk device of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0031] Fig.14 It is a cross-sectional view of the magnifying plate device of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0032] Fig.15 It is a structural diagram of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear apparatus cart device and a partial cross-sectional view of the guide wheel;

[0033] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0034] Fig.17 It is a rotating cross-sectional view of the shear displacement measurement system of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0035] Fig.18 It is a structural diagram of the platen device of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0036] Fig.19 It is a rotating cross-sectional view of the pressure plate device of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0037] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the main frame workbench structure of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0038] Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of the guide beam structure of the axial compression system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear apparatus;

[0039] Fig. 22 It is the load-bearing beam and cross-sectional view of the axial compression system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear apparatus;

[0040] Fig.23 It is a structural schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the transition connection plate on the axial compression system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0041] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the force and torsion structure of the axial compression system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0042] Fig.25 This is a schematic diagram of the locking nut structure of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0043] Fig.26 It is a schematic diagram of the pressure plate structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0044] Fig. 27 It is a schematic diagram and partial cross-sectional view of the short outer stacked ring structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument.

[0045] Fig.28 It is a schematic diagram and partial cross-sectional view of the internal stacked ring structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0046] Fig.29 It is a top view and partial cross-sectional view of the sink bottom plate of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0047] Fig.30 It is a schematic diagram and partial cross-sectional view of the internal and external stacked ring structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0048] Fig.31 It is a structural schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the reflector device of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0049] Fig.32 It is a structural schematic diagram and partial cross-sectional view of the universal wheel device of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0050] Fig.33 This is a schematic diagram of the upper and surrounding camera bracket structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0051] Fig.34 It is a schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the water bath cover and inner glass cylinder structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0052] Fig.35 It is a schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the combined structure of the outrigger and outrigger boots of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0053] Fig.36 It is a structural diagram and partial cross-sectional view of the sealing cover plate of the torque system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument;

[0054] Fig.37 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ring specimen of clay or sand layer;

[0055] Fig.38 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the geosynthetics specimen ring.

[0056] In the figure: 1001. upper crossbeam, 1002. positioning sleeve, 1003. upper vertical plate, 1004. workbench, 1004-1. mounting slot of encoder for enlarged disk device, 1004-2. mounting slot of pull rod, 1004-3. mounting hole of guide rail for trolley device, 1004-4. mounting hole of eyebolt, 1004-5. mounting hole of torque system, 1004-6. mounting hole of guide rail support for trolley device, 1005. pull rod, 1006. angle steel leg, 1007. anchor plate, 1008. side cover plate, 1009. front cover plate, 1010. rear cover plate, 1011. outlet plate, 1012. washer, 1013. nut, 1014. reducer connection seat, 1015. anchor screw I, 1016. upper vertical protection Cover, 1101. Actuator, 1102. Screw, 1103. Locking ring, 1104. Load sensor, 1105. Load beam, 1105-1. Load beam mounting hole, 1105-2. Load beam positioning lock mounting slot, 1105-3. Load beam load sensor mounting hole, 1106. Positioning lock, 1107. Guide beam, 1107-1. Guide beam load beam mounting hole, 1107-2. Guide beam slider mounting hole, 1107-3. Guide beam torque system upper transition connection plate mounting hole, 1108. Force torsion, 1108-1. Force torsion positioning lock mounting slot, 1109. Upper transition connection plate, 1109-1. Upper transition connection plate flat key mounting slot, 1109-2. Upper transition connection plate bolt mounting slot , 1109-3. Upper transition connection plate locating pin installation hole, 1110. Lower locking nut, 1111. Upper dust cover I, 1112. Tapered roller bearing I, 1113. Upper dust cover II, 1114. Upper rear cover plate, 1115. Upper front cover plate, 1116. Slider, 1117. Slide rail, 1118. Guide rail baffle, 1119. Linear displacement sensor waveguide, 1120. Linear displacement sensor active magnet, 1201. Lower force shaft, 1202. Reducer, 1203. Motor, 1204. Sealing cover, 1205. Pressure plate, 1206. Lip oil seal of the rotating shaft with inner skeleton, 1207. O-ring, 1208. Block, 1209. Torque sensor, 1301. Large pulley assembly, 1 302. Outer cover, 1303. Upper cover, 1304. Small pulley assembly, 1305. Dust cover, 1306. Base, 1307. Encoder bracket, 1308. Synchronous belt, 1309. Encoder, 1310. Coupling, 1311. Small pulley bearing, 1401. Upper pressure plate, 1402. Pressure plate surface, 1402-1. Pressure plate surface mounting hole, 1402-2. Pressure plate surface steel nail hole, 1402-3. Pressure plate surface portable adjustment hole, 1402-4. Pressure plate surface positioning groove, 1402-5. Pressure plate surface flat key mounting groove, 1403. Inner stacking ring retaining ring, 1403-1. Inner and outer stacking ring retaining ring mounting holes, 1403-2. Inner and outer stacking ring retaining ring hole pressure sensor mounting hole, 1404. Outer stacking ring retaining ring, 1405.Cylindrical pin, 1406. Spring, 1407. Adjusting screw, 1408. Upper camera bracket, 1409. Industrial camera, 1410. Steel nail, 1411. Flat key, 1412. Positioning pin, 1413. Lower pressure plate, 1414. Sealing retaining ring, 1415. Sink bottom plate, 1415-1. Camera bracket II mounting hole around the sink bottom plate, 1415-2. Sink bottom plate groove sealing gasket mounting groove, 1415-3. Sink bottom plate groove rotating skeleton oil seal mounting groove, 1415-4. Sink bottom plate groove sealing retaining ring mounting groove, 1415-5. Sink bottom plate water inlet and outlet threaded holes, 1416. Water bath cover, 1416-1. Water bath cover indicator line, 1416-2. Water bath cover mounting hole, 1417. Inner glass tube, 1417-1. Inner glass tube indicator line, 1417-2. Inner glass tube mounting hole, 1417-3. Inner glass tube reflector bracket II mounting hole, 1418. Reflector bracket I, 1419. Reflector bracket II, 1419-1. Reflector bracket I adjustment fixing hole, 1420. Short outer stacking ring I, 1421. Short outer stacking ring II, 1422. Short outer stacking ring III, 1423. Short outer stacking ring IV, 1424. Short outer stacking ring V, 1420-1424-1. Short outer stacking ring test Sample connecting ring, 1420-1424-2. Short outer stacking ring scale, 1425. Inner stacking ring I, 1426. Inner stacking ring II, 1427. Inner stacking ring III, 1428. Inner stacking ring IV, 1429. Inner stacking ring V, 1425-1429-1. Inner stacking ring scale, 1425-1429-2. Inner stacking ring sample connecting ring, 1430. Universal wheel bracket, 1431. Universal wheel, 1432. Pore pressure sensor, 1433. Peripheral camera bracket I, 1434. Peripheral camera bracket II, 1435. Outrigger, 1436. Outrigger boot, 1437. Reflector, 1438. Ring shaped sand layer sample, 1439. annular clay layer sample, 1440. annular geosynthetics sample, 1441. slot seal gasket, 1442. surrounding camera bracket III, 1443. rotating skeleton oil seal, elbow hole. 1444, 1501. support beam, 1502. front baffle, 1503. guide rail support, 1504. support, 1505. guide wheel, 1506. guide shaft, 1507. guide sleeve, 1508. guide rail, 1509. rear baffle, 1510. trolley flat plate, 1511. guide rail seat support leg, 1512. connecting column, 1513. anchor screw II, 1514. guide rail bearing. . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0059] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument of the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument mainly consists of six subsystems, namely a main frame 1000, an axial pressure system 1100, a torque system 1200, an amplifying disk device 1300, a shear displacement measuring system 1400, an adjusting cart device 1500, and a control system; the main frame adopts a frame structure, the axial pressure system 1100, the torque system 1200, the amplifying disk device 1300, the shear displacement measuring system 1400, the adjusting cart device 1500, according to Figure 1 As shown, it is installed on the main frame 1000; the size and strength parameters of the main frame 1000 are designed according to the technical indicators of the axial pressure system 1100 and the torque system 1200, and the control system meets the basic functions of data acquisition, control decision, control output, etc. The computer can automatically control the test process, and can be manually controlled by the computer, that is, open loop and closed loop are optional; the system can realize various control functions such as force control and displacement control under the full closed loop control state, and can realize any impact-free and smooth switching of control mode and control rate; the whole test process can be monitored, automatic full-time measurement, analysis and storage of test data, automatic drawing, storage of test curves, etc.; it has overload protection, cylinder stroke limit protection, hydraulic system maximum pressure protection, and overload protection functions such as overcurrent and overspeed.

[0060] Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 They are the front view of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument, the left view of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument and the top view of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument, respectively describing the structural construction of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument of the present invention from different angles. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the lower end of the anchor plate 1007 at the lower end of the main frame 1000 is installed with an anchor screw 1015. By fixing the anchor screw 1015 on the equipment foundation, the operation stability of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument of the present invention can be enhanced. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3It can be seen that the axial pressure system 1100 is installed in the upper part of the main frame, wherein the actuator 1101 is installed on the upper part of the upper beam 1001 by bolts, and the remaining parts are installed on the lower part of the upper beam 1001. The actuator 1101 controls the screw rod 1102 (see Fig.10 ) connects and controls the remaining part of the axial pressure system 1100 to perform vertical displacement movement. The remaining part of the axial pressure system 1100 is limited to vertical movement by a linear guide slider. The slide rail 1117 and the slider 1116 are respectively installed on the main frame 1000 and the axial pressure system 1100; the upper pressure plate 1401 is located at the lower end of the axial pressure system 1100, and is connected to the upper transition connection plate by bolts. The function is to provide axial pressure on the specimen; an upper vertical protective cover is installed at the upper end of the slide rail 1117 to limit the upstream displacement of the guide beam 1107 of the axial pressure system 1100 for protection; a guide rail baffle is installed at the lower end of the slide rail 1117 to limit the total downstream displacement of the guide beam 1107 of the axial pressure system 1100 for protection. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the shear displacement measurement system 1400 is installed on the main frame 1000 workbench 1004, and the horizontality of the sink bottom plate 1415 and the distance from the upper surface of the workbench 1004 are controlled and adjusted by the legs 1435 and the leg boots 1436; the magnifying disk device 1300 is also installed on the workbench 1004 and is located under the shear displacement measurement system 1400; the installation direction of the shear displacement measurement system 1400 is that the two surrounding camera brackets 1433 and 1434 are respectively facing the front and rear sides of the main frame 1000. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the adjustment trolley device 1500 is installed at the front end of the main frame 1000, the guide rail support 1503 is installed on the guide rail support installation hole 1004-6 of the workbench 1004 by bolts, and the guide rail 1508 is installed on the guide rail installation hole 1004-3 of the workbench 1004 by bolts. The remaining part of the adjustment trolley device 1500 is connected with the guide rail 1508 through the guide wheel 1505, and the guide wheel 1505 can move freely along the guide rail 1508; refer to Figure 1 It can be seen that the torque system 1200 is installed in the lower half of the main frame 1000 and its function is to provide the sample torque.

[0061] Figure 7 and Figure 8 They are the mainframe structure diagram of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument and the rotating cross-sectional view. Figure 7 and Figure 8It can be seen that the main frame is mainly composed of upper crossbeam 1001, positioning sleeve 1002, upper vertical plate 1003, workbench 1004, tie rod 1005, angle steel leg 1006, anchor plate 1007, washer 1012, nut 1013 and reducer connecting seat 1014; the workbench 1004 is the connecting part of the main frame of the large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument, and it is also the core component of the large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. The torque system 1200, shear displacement measurement system 1400, magnifying plate device 1300 and adjustment trolley device 1500 are all installed on the workbench 1004; the workbench 1004 is the connecting part of the main frame The upper part of the main frame 1000 is composed of an upper plate 1003 and an upper beam 1001. The workbench 1004, the upper plate 1003 and the upper beam 1001 are positioned by a positioning sleeve 1002. The upper plate 1003, the upper beam 1001 and the workbench 1004 are fixed by a pull rod 1005, a washer 1012 and a nut 1013, so that the upper part of the main frame 1000 has a tensile function to ensure the normal operation of the axial compression system of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument; the lower part is composed of an angle steel leg 1006, a base plate 1007 and a reducer connecting seat 1014, wherein the angle steel leg 1006 and the base plate 1007 are connected by bolts as shown in the figure. Figure 7 The fixed installation is performed as shown, and the space enclosed by the workbench 1004, the angle steel legs 1006 and the anchor plate 1007 is used to install the torque system 1200, that is, the reducer 1202 is installed on the reducer connecting seat 1014 by bolts, and the output shaft is directed upward and passes through the torque system installation hole 1004-5 in the workbench 1004; in addition, refer to 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the lower part of the large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument is also equipped with a front cover plate 1009, a rear cover plate 1010 and side covers 1008 on both sides, which have the dual functions of beauty and safety; furthermore, the rear cover plate 1010 is also processed with an outlet plate 1011, which is the entry and exit window of the cables of the large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument.

[0062] Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the main frame workbench of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig. 20 It can be seen that the workbench 1004 is in the shape of a rectangular body, and a through hole is processed in the middle, namely, the torque system installation hole 1004-5, which is used to install the torque system of the large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Its cross section is as follows Fig. 20As shown in AA and BB, a single cross section shows that the torque system mounting hole 1004-5 is stepped, the purpose of which is to provide support for the torque system 1200; two rows of countersunk through holes 1004-2 are processed on both sides of the workbench 1004, which are used to install the fixed pull rod 1005, the washer 1012 and the nut 1013; 1004-1 is the mounting groove of the enlarged disk device encoder, which is used to install the enlarged disk device encoder; 1004-3 is the trolley device guide rail mounting hole, which is used to install the fixed trolley device guide rail to facilitate the forward and backward displacement of the trolley device along the guide rail; 1004-6 is the trolley device guide rail support mounting hole, which is used to install the fixed trolley device guide rail support; 1004-4 is the eyebolt mounting hole, which is used to install the eyebolt to facilitate the position movement of the workbench 1004 or even the large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument.

[0063] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 They are the structural schematic diagram and rotating cross-sectional view of the axial compression system of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 It can be seen that the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument axial pressure system 1100 is mainly composed of an actuator 1101, a screw 1102, a locking ring 1103, a load sensor 1104, a load beam 1105, a load beam mounting hole 1105-1, a load beam positioning lock mounting groove 1105-2, a load beam load sensor mounting hole 1105-3, a positioning lock 1106, a guide beam 1107, a guide beam load beam mounting hole 1107-1, a guide beam slider mounting hole 1107-2, a guide beam torque system upper transition connection plate mounting hole 1107-3, a force torsion 1108, and a force torsion It consists of a positioning lock mounting groove 1108-1, an upper transition connecting plate 1109, an upper transition connecting plate flat key mounting groove 1109-1, an upper transition connecting plate bolt mounting groove 1109-2, an upper transition connecting plate positioning pin mounting hole 1109-3, a lower locking nut 1110, an upper dust cover I1111, a tapered roller bearing I1112, an upper dust cover II1113, an upper rear cover plate 1114, an upper front cover plate 1115, a slider 1116, a slide rail 1117, a guide rail baffle 1118, a linear displacement sensor waveguide tube 1119 and a linear displacement sensor active magnet 1120.

[0064] Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of the guide beam structure of the axial compression system of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.21 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10It can be seen that the guide beam 1107 is the installation carrier of the lower part of the axial pressure system 1100, and its upper surface is processed with a load-bearing beam mounting hole 1107-01 for installing the load-bearing beam 1105, and the four corners are respectively processed with guide beam slider mounting holes 1107-2 for installing the slider 1116, and the middle is processed with a guide beam torque system transition connection plate mounting hole 1107-3 for installing the torque system upper transition connection plate 1109.

[0065] Fig. 22 It is the load-bearing beam and cross-sectional view of the axial compression system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig. 22 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 It can be seen that the upper surface of the load-bearing beam 1105 is processed with a load-bearing beam mounting hole 1105-1 for connecting and fixing it to the guide beam 1107; the middle is processed with a load-bearing beam positioning lock mounting groove 1105-3 for connecting and installing the load sensor 1104; the two sides of the upper surface are processed with load-bearing beam positioning lock mounting grooves 1105-2 for connecting and installing the positioning lock 1106; its cross-section AA shows that the bottom surface is processed with bolt holes for fixing the connection force and torsion 1108.

[0066] Fig.23 This is a schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the transition plate structure on the axial compression system of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.23 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 It can be seen that the bottom surface of the upper transition connecting plate 1109 is processed with an upper transition connecting plate flat key installation groove 1109-1 for accommodating the flat key 1411; the middle of the bottom surface is processed with an upper transition connecting plate locating pin installation hole 1109-3 for accommodating the locating pin; the bottom surface is processed around with a bolt installation groove 1109-2 for bolting the upper transition connecting plate; its cross-section AA shows that its interior is in the shape of a blind hole, and the connection is subjected to force and torsion 1108; in addition, the inner surface of the upper transition connecting plate 1109 is processed with a spline.

[0067] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the force-torsion structure of the axial compression system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.24 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 It can be seen that the shape of the force-bearing torsion 1108 is similar to the upper transition connection plate 1109, and its top surface is processed with a cylindrical force-bearing torsion positioning lock installation groove 1108-1 for accommodating the positioning lock 1106; bolt holes for fixing the torque sensor 1209 are processed around the top surface; in addition, the outer surface of the force-bearing torsion 1108 is processed with splines.

[0068] Fig.25This is a schematic diagram of the locking nut structure of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. The locking nut 1110 is a self-locking anti-loosening component that uses the friction between the nut and the bolt. Fig.25 and Fig.10 It can be seen that the lower locking nut 1110 is installed on the upper transition connection plate 1109 to increase the friction between the upper transition connection plate 1109 and the forced torsion 1108 to play a tightening role.

[0069] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10It can be seen that the axial pressure system 1100 mainly includes two parts, namely, the actuator 1101 and other components installed on the upper crossbeam 1001 in the main frame 1000 and the remaining components with the guide beam 1107 as the installation carrier; the actuator 1101 is a hydraulic actuator that can convert the hydraulic energy from the hydraulic source into mechanical energy, which is mainly used to execute the command of the main controller, control the speed and force of the load, and feed back the signal output force to the main controller. At the same time, a linear displacement sensor is also installed inside it, that is, a device composed of a linear displacement sensor waveguide 1119 and a linear displacement sensor active magnet 1120, which is used to feed back the direction and displacement of the load, etc. The telescopic rod of the actuator 1101 is connected to the load sensor 1104 installed on the load beam 1105 through a screw rod, and two locking rings 1103 are also installed on the screw rod. The spiral surfaces of the two locking rings 1103 are opposite to each other, so that the distance between the actuator 1101 and the load sensor 1104 can be fine-tuned; the load sensor 1104 and the load beam 1105-3 are aligned and fixed by bolts so that the load sensor 1104 is installed and fixed on the load beam 1105 to measure the axial compression load change of the axial compression system 1100; the mounting hole 1105-1 of the load beam and the mounting hole 1107-1 of the guide beam are aligned by bolts to connect and fix the load beam 1105 and the guide beam Beam 1107; the torque sensor 1209 is fixedly installed on the lower part of the load-bearing beam 1105 through the load-bearing beam mounting hole 1105-1 bolt, and a positioning lock 1106 is placed between the load-bearing beam 1105 and the torque sensor 1209 to position the coaxial installation; the torque sensor 1209 is fixed to the force torsion 1108 by bolt connection at the lower part, and the torque sensor 1209 and the force torsion 1108 are also positioned coaxially with the positioning lock 1106; the force torsion 1108 is fixed to the upper transition connecting plate 1109 through a spline connection, and the lower locking nut 1110 is sleeved on the upper periphery of the upper transition connecting plate 1109, and the bolts are tightened to increase the force torsion 1108 and the upper transition connecting plate A tapered roller bearing I1112 is installed on the outer periphery of the lower part of the connecting plate 1109 to strengthen the friction between the upper transition connecting plate 1109 and the transition connecting plate 1109; the connection between the upper guide beams 1107; the sliders 1116 are bolted on the guide beam slider mounting holes 1107-2 at the four corners on both sides of the guide beam 1107; the upper dust cover II1113 is bolted on the lower end of the upper transition connecting plate mounting hole 1107-3 of the guide beam torque system in the middle of the guide beam 1107; the flat key 1411 and the locating pin 1412 are installed in the transition connecting plate flat key mounting groove 1109-1 and the upper transition connecting plate locating pin mounting hole 1109-3 on the bottom surface of the upper transition connecting plate 1109 respectively.

[0070] Fig.11 and Fig.12 They are the structural diagram of the torque system of the large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument and the rotating cross-sectional view of the torque system of the large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.11and Fig.12 It can be seen that the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument torque system 1200 is composed of a lower force-bearing shaft 1201, a reducer 1202, a motor 1203, a sealing cover plate 1204, a pressure plate 1205, an inner skeleton rotating shaft lip oil seal 1206, an O-ring 1207, a block 1208 and a torque sensor 1209 and other components.

[0071] Fig.36 This is a schematic diagram and partial cross-sectional view of the sealing cover structure of the torque system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.36 The sealing cover plate 1204 is a rotating body with a Z-shaped cross section.

[0072] Reference Fig.11 , Fig.12 and Fig.36 The installation sequence is as follows: install two tapered roller bearings I1112 in the torque system installation holes 1004-5 of the workbench 1004 in sequence; install an O-ring 1207 in the sealing cover plate 1204, an inner skeleton rotating shaft lip oil seal 1206 and a bolt-mounted pressing plate 1205 to form a combination I; bolt the above combination I to the torque system installation holes 1004-5; assemble the reducer 1202 and the motor 1203 to form a combination I. Assembly II, install assembly II and reducer connecting seat 1014 together with bolts, and pay attention to the position of the oil pot of reducer 1202 during installation; put the lower locking nut 1110 on the output shaft of reducer 1202; finally, insert the lower force shaft 1201 into the tapered roller bearing I1112 and put it on the output shaft of reducer 1202, move the lower locking nut 1110 so that it is put on the lower end of the lower force shaft 1201, and tighten the lower locking nut 1110 bolt.

[0073] Fig.13 and Fig.14 They are the structural schematic diagram of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument amplifying disk device and the cross-sectional view of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument amplifying disk device. Fig.13 and Fig.14The enlarged disk device 1300 is composed of a large pulley assembly 1301, an outer cover 1302, an upper cover 1303, a small pulley assembly 1304, a dust cover 1305, a base 1306, an encoder bracket 1307, a synchronous belt 1308, an encoder 1309, a coupling 1310 and a small pulley bearing 1311 and other components. The magnifying disk device 1300 is rather special. In the initial stage, only one end of the small pulley assembly 1304 needs to be assembled. The assembly sequence is as follows: install a small pulley bearing 1311 in the reduction hole of the base 1306; embed the long end of the small pulley assembly 1304 into the small pulley bearing 1311; embed a small pulley bearing 1311 in the reduction hole of the upper cover 1303, insert the assembly III into the short end of the small pulley bearing 1311, and connect and fix the assembly III to the base 1306 by bolts; put the dust cover 1305 on the long end of the small pulley bearing 1311 and embed it on the base 1306; use bolts to install and fix the encoder bracket 1307 on the base; install the matching end of the coupling 1310 on the long end of the pulley bearing 1311; finally, insert the output shaft of the encoder 1309 into the other end of the coupling 1310, and then use bolts to fix the encoder 1309 and the encoder bracket 1307 together.

[0074] Fig.16 and Fig.17 They are the structural diagram of the shear displacement measurement system of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument and the rotating cross-sectional view of the shear displacement measurement system of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.16 and Fig.17 The shear displacement measurement system consists of an upper pressure plate 1401, a pressure plate surface 1402, an inner stacking ring retaining ring 1403, an outer stacking ring retaining ring 1404, a cylindrical pin 1405, a spring 1406, an adjustment screw 1407, an upper camera bracket 1408, an industrial camera 1409, a steel nail 1410, a flat key 1411, a positioning pin 1412, a lower pressure plate 1413, a sealing retaining ring 1414, a sink bottom plate 1415, a water bath cover 1416, an inner glass cylinder 1417, a reflector bracket I 1418, a reflector bracket II 1419, a short outer stacking ring I 1420, a short outer stacking ring II 1421, a short outer stacking ring III 1422, and a short outer stacking ring IV 1423. 3. It is composed of short outer stack ring V1424, inner stack ring I1425, inner stack ring II1426, inner stack ring III1427, inner stack ring IV1428, inner stack ring V1429, universal wheel bracket 1430, universal wheel 1431, pore pressure sensor 1432, surrounding camera bracket I1433, surrounding camera bracket II1434, outrigger 1435, outrigger boot 1436, reflector 1437, annular sand layer sample 1438, annular clay layer sample 1439, annular geosynthetics sample 1440, groove seal gasket 1441, surrounding camera bracket III1442, rotating skeleton oil seal 1443 and elbow hole 1444 and other components.

[0075] Fig.18 and Fig.19 They are respectively a structural schematic diagram of the pressure plate device of the shear displacement measurement system of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument and a rotating cross-sectional view of the pressure plate device of the shear displacement measurement system of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument.

[0076] Fig.26 This is a schematic diagram of the platen structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.26 The pressure plate surface 1402 is a circular ring with a certain thickness, and its bottom surface is processed with six pressure plate surface mounting holes (countersunk holes) 1402-1 and multiple pressure plate surface steel nail holes 1402-2 at equal intervals. The pressure plate surface mounting holes (countersunk holes) are used for bolting and connecting the pressure plate surface 1402 and the upper pressure plate 1401, and the pressure plate surface steel nail holes 1402-2 are used to install steel nails 1410 to increase the grip of the pressure plate on the built-in clay or sand layer; its top surface is processed with six pressure plate surface portable adjustment holes. Hole 1402-3, six pressure plate surface flat key mounting grooves 1402-5, the pressure plate surface portable adjustment hole 1402-3 is used to move and adjust the position of the pressure plate surface, the flat key mounting groove 1402-5 is used to place the flat key 1411, mechanically increasing the bite force between the pressure plate surface 1402 and the upper pressure plate 1401; in addition, the inner circle position of the pressure plate surface 1402 is also processed with a pressure plate surface positioning groove 1402-4, which is used to engage the upper pressure plate positioning groove to ensure the axis of the two cylinders.

[0077] Fig. 27 and Fig.28 It is a schematic diagram and partial cross-sectional view of the short outer stacked ring structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument and a schematic diagram and partial cross-sectional view of the inner stacked ring structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig. 27 The short outer stacking rings 1420-1424 are rotating bodies with an L-shaped cross-section. The vertical surface of the rotating body is the short outer stacking ring scale 1420-1424-2, on which a scale is engraved, forming a circle around the vertical surface. The circular ring connected at the bottom is the short outer stacking ring sample connecting ring 1420-1424-1, which is used to connect the sample in the same plane; the short outer stacking rings 1420-1424 and the inner stacking rings 1425-1428 are basically the same, the difference is that the circular ring connected at the bottom is located outside the vertical surface of the rotating body.

[0078] Fig.29 This is a top view and partial cross-sectional view of the sink bottom plate of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.29The sink bottom plate 1415 is a plate-like object with a circular hole in the middle and a square around it. Two small holes are processed in parallel in the middle of the four sides, namely, the sink bottom plate surrounding camera bracket II mounting hole 1415-1, which is used to install the surrounding camera bracket II1434; an annular groove with evenly distributed holes is processed near the outer edge of the sink bottom plate 1415, namely, the sink bottom plate groove seal gasket mounting groove 1415-2, which is used to install the groove seal gasket 1441 and the water bath cover 1416; as shown in the cross section AA of the figure, the edge of the inner hole of the sink bottom plate 1415 is stepped, which are respectively the sink bottom plate groove rotating skeleton oil seal mounting groove 1415-3 and the sink bottom plate groove sealing retaining ring mounting groove 1415-4 for installing the rotating skeleton oil seal 1443 and the sealing retaining ring 1414; the sink bottom plate 1415 is processed with two symmetrical sink bottom plate water inlet and outlet threaded holes 1415-5 for installing elbows.

[0079] Fig.30 This is a schematic diagram and partial cross-sectional view of the internal and external stacked ring structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.30 As well as sections AA and BB, the inner stacked ring retaining ring 1403 and the outer stacked ring retaining ring 1404 are both rotating bodies with L-shaped cross-sections, and a plurality of inner and outer stacked ring retaining ring borehole pressure sensor mounting holes 1403-2 are processed on the vertical surface for installing the borehole pressure sensor 1432; its function is to detect the pressure change of the clay layer (sand layer) built into the pressure plate in real time during the test; a plurality of inner and outer stacked ring retaining ring mounting holes 1403-1 are processed on the horizontal surface for distinguishing the inner and outer stacked ring retaining rings from being installed on the upper pressure plate 1401; the difference between the inner and outer stacked ring retaining ring 1403 and the outer stacked ring retaining ring 1404 is that the relative positions of the horizontal surface 1404-1 and the vertical surface 1404-2 are opposite.

[0080] Fig.31 This is a schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the reflector device structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.31 The schematic diagram of the structure of the reflector device and the cross section AA are shown in the figure. The reflector device consists of a reflector bracket I1418, a reflector bracket II1419 and a reflector 1437. The reflector bracket I1418 and the reflector are fixed together. The axis of the reflector bracket I1418 and the normal of the reflector 1437 form an angle, and the angle value is set according to the experimental requirements. The reflector bracket I1418 is inserted into the reflector bracket II1419, and the relative positions of the reflector bracket I1418 and the reflector bracket II1419 can be adjusted through the reflector bracket I adjusting fixing hole 1419-1, thereby adjusting the height of the reflector 1437.

[0081] Fig.32 This is a schematic diagram and partial cross-sectional view of the universal wheel device structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.32The universal wheel device is composed of a universal wheel bracket 1430 and a universal wheel 1431, which is used to support the short outer stacking ring and the inner stacking ring. The use of the universal wheel 1431 minimizes the friction between the inner and outer stacking rings and the universal wheel 1431.

[0082] Fig.33 This is a schematic diagram of the upper and surrounding camera bracket structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.33 The upper camera bracket 1408 is installed inside the upper platen, with the lens facing the mirror surface of the reflector 1437, and is used to measure the real-time shear displacement of each layer of the composite liner sample from the inside; the surrounding camera bracket is used to measure the real-time shear displacement of each layer of the composite liner sample from the outside.

[0083] The peripheral camera bracket I1433, the peripheral camera bracket II1434 and the peripheral camera bracket III1442 are composed of the peripheral camera bracket I1433, which is installed on the peripheral camera bracket II mounting hole 1415-1 of the bottom plate of the sink. The peripheral camera bracket I1433 and the peripheral camera bracket II1434 are both processed with long strip grooves, which can be used to adjust the position of the industrial camera 1409.

[0084] Fig.34 This is a schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the water bath cover and inner glass cylinder structure of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.34 The left side of the figure shows the inner glass cylinder 1417. Combined with the cross section AA, the inner glass cylinder 1417 is a cylinder with a bottom seal at one end. An inner glass cylinder indicator line 1417-1 is engraved on the cylinder wall for the internal industrial camera to shoot a reference object. The edge of the bottom seal is processed with an inner glass cylinder mounting hole 1417-2 for fixing the inner glass cylinder 1417 on the lower pressure plate 1413, and the center of the bottom seal is processed with an inner glass cylinder reflector bracket II mounting hole 1417-3 for mounting the reflector bracket I1418; the right side of the figure shows the water bath cover 1416. Compared with the inner glass cylinder 1417, the water bath cover 1416 is It is a tubular object without a bottom cover, which is installed on the sink bottom plate groove sealing gasket mounting groove 1415-2 of the sink bottom plate 1415. Two symmetrical flat plates are embedded on it. The flat plates are helpful in eliminating refraction errors in shooting. A water bath cover indicator line 1416-1 is engraved on the flat plates, which has the same function as the inner glass tube indicator line 1417-1. A plurality of water bath cover mounting holes 1416-2 are processed on the bottom of the water bath cover 1416, which are used to install the water bath cover 1416 on the sink bottom plate 1415. It should be noted that the indicator line 1416-1 of the water bath cover 1416 needs to face the surrounding industrial camera 1409.

[0085] Fig.35 This is a schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the combined structure of the outrigger and outrigger boots of the shear displacement measurement system of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Fig.35The upper end surface of the leg 1435 is connected to the sink bottom plate 1415 by bolts, and the four corners of the sink bottom plate 1415 are respectively installed with a leg 1435 and a leg boot 1436; the section AA shows that the leg 1435 is embedded in the leg boot 1436 through a thread; the level of the sink bottom plate 1415 can be adjusted by rotating the four leg boots 1436. In addition, the distance between the sink bottom plate 1415 and the workbench 1004 can also be adjusted to facilitate the trolley flat plate 1510 to move the shear displacement measurement system 1400.

[0086] Reference Fig.16 , Fig.17 , Fig.18 , Fig.19 , Fig.26 , Fig. 27 , Fig.28 , Fig.29 , Fig.30 , Fig.31 , Fig.32 , Fig.33 , Fig.34 and Fig.35 The shear displacement measurement system 1400 is the core system of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument of the present invention. The system uses the sink bottom plate 1415 as the installation carrier. The lower pressure plate 1413 is bolted together with the torque system lower force shaft 1201 through the circular hole surrounded by the sink bottom plate groove rotating skeleton oil seal installation groove 1415-3 and the sink bottom plate groove sealing retaining ring installation groove 1415-4 on the sink bottom plate 1415. Its function is to transmit torque to the sample. A rotating skeleton oil seal 1443 is installed at the sink bottom plate groove rotating skeleton oil seal installation groove 1415-3 in the sink bottom plate 1415, and a 1414 sealing retaining ring is installed at the sink bottom plate groove sealing retaining ring installation groove 1415-4 to protect and prevent dust from the rotating skeleton oil seal 1443 in the sink bottom plate groove. The pressure plate device (see for details) is installed integrally with the lower pressure plate 1413. Fig.19 and Fig. 20 ), the platen device is a platen device of a test equipment used for testing the interface friction characteristics between soil (or sand) and other materials, which can not only ensure that the soil layer (or sand layer) has no lateral deformation but also can adapt to its vertical compression deformation to avoid rigid friction with adjacent materials; a plurality of threaded holes are processed on the platen surface 1402 in the platen device, and after steel nails 1410 are installed in the threaded holes, the bite force of the platen surface 1402 on the built-in clay or sand layer can be increased, and this performance is one of the special functions of the platen device; according to the experimental requirements, the experimenter can replace other types of platen surfaces, such as smooth surface, carved texture platen surface, etc.; Fig.17 , Fig.18 and Fig.19The structure composed of the spring 1406, the adjustment screw 1407, the inner stacked ring retaining ring 1403 and the outer stacked ring retaining ring 1404 described in the specification is a tool for realizing a pressure plate device that can not only ensure that the soil layer (or sand layer) has no lateral deformation but also adapt its vertical compression deformation to avoid rigid friction with adjacent materials. Universal wheel devices are evenly installed at the inner and outer stacked ring retaining ring mounting holes 1403-1 in the inner stacked ring retaining ring 1403 and the outer stacked ring retaining ring 1404, and the top of the universal wheel device is adjusted to be flush with the top of the stacked ring retaining ring; at the same time, borehole pressure sensors 1432 are evenly installed at the inner stacked ring retaining ring borehole pressure sensor mounting holes 1403-2, which are used to measure the real-time borehole pressure changes in the clay layer or sand layer built into the inner and outer stacked ring retaining rings in real time; the groove sealing gasket 1441 and the water bath cover 1416 are respectively installed at the groove sealing gasket mounting groove 1415-2 on the water tank bottom plate 1415. When installing the water bath cover 1416, the water bath cover indicator line 1416-1 is required to be aligned with the camera bracket II mounting holes 1415-1 around the two sides of the water tank bottom plate. The water bath cover 1416 should be made of transparent hard material. Camera brackets are installed at the camera bracket II mounting holes 1415-1 around the bottom plate of the water bath cover 1416, respectively, for recording the displacement changes of the short stacking ring groups 1420-1424 outside the water bath cover 1416; the industrial camera 1409 installed in the surrounding camera brackets can be adjusted to a suitable position through the surrounding camera brackets I 1433 and the surrounding camera brackets II 1434. An inner glass cylinder 1417 is installed in the inner space of the lower pressure plate 1413, and a reflector assembly is installed at the axis position of the lower pressure plate 1413 and the inner glass cylinder 1417. The position of the reflector 1437 can be adjusted through the reflector brackets I and II. The short stacking ring group 1420-1424 and the inner stacking ring group 1425-1429 are installed together with the geosynthetics samples one by one outside the instrument as required, and then installed one by one on the lower pressure plate as required above; the four corners of the lower end surface of the water tank bottom plate 1415 are respectively installed with components consisting of outriggers 1435 and outrigger boots 1436, and the outrigger boots 1436 are synchronously rotated and adjusted manually to control the distance between the water tank bottom plate 1415 and the main frame 1000 workbench 1004; intelligent temperature control water The bath system circulates water through the elbow hole 1444 on the sink bottom plate 1415 and the internal space of the water bath cover 1416, thereby controlling the hydration state of the test sample. The intelligent temperature-controlled water bath system is a conventional adjustable constant temperature water bath; the inlet and outlet water one-way valves on the lower side of the sink bottom plate are connected by double pipes to make the constant temperature water bath and the water bath cover form a closed loop, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the sample temperature; by adjusting the inlet and outlet water one-way valves on the constant temperature water bath and the lower side of the sink bottom plate, the temperature and flow rate of the flowing liquid can be controlled.

[0087] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument cart and a partial cross-sectional view of the guide wheel. Fig.15It can be seen that the cart device is divided into a fixed part and a movable part. In the fixed part, the guide rail support 1503 is fixedly installed on the threaded hole at the front end of the workbench 1004 of the main frame 1000 by bolts, and the guide rail 1508 is bolted on the workbench 1004 and the guide rail support 1503 to provide a displacement track for the movable part of the cart device; the guide rail seat leg 1511 is bolted to the lower front end of the guide rail support 1503, and the No. 2 anchor bolt installed on the guide rail seat leg 1511 is connected to the instrument installation foundation. Strengthen the stability of the cart device; install a front baffle 1502 and a rear baffle 1509 at the front and rear ends of the guide rail 1508 respectively to limit the displacement space of the movable part of the cart device 1500; the fixed part of the cart device is composed of 1501. support beam, 1504. support, 1505. guide wheel, 1506. guide shaft, 1507. guide sleeve, 1508. guide rail, 1510. trolley plate, 1512. connecting column, 1513. anchor screw II and 1514. guide rail bearing. Its installation refers to Fig.15 Partial cross-sectional view of the guide wheel.

[0088] Fig.37 and Fig.38 They are schematic diagrams of the clay or sand layer ring sample structure and the geosynthetics sample ring structure.

[0089] Figure 5 and Figure 6 They are the left sectional view and the main sectional view of the large static multifunctional torsion shear instrument. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The installation of the components of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument and the combination of each system are more intuitive.

[0090] Positioning speed shear test:

[0091] Step 1: Start the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear tester and select the positioning speed shear test mode; start the axial pressure system and lift the upper pressure plate device upward to the limit position through the axial pressure system actuator to reserve sample loading space; then close the axial pressure system and keep the upper pressure plate device always in the limit position;

[0092] Step 2: According to the experimental requirements and in combination with the Geotechnical Test Regulations, Geotechnical Test Method Standards, and Technical Specifications for Sanitary Landfill Treatment of Domestic Waste, etc., cut geosynthetics sample circles and prefabricate clay and sand samples;

[0093] Step 3, filling the prefabricated sand sample into the lower platen in accordance with the inverted laying sequence of the modern sanitary landfill liner system;

[0094] Step 4: According to the use rules of the short outer stacking ring, various cut geosynthetic material samples are bonded together with the corresponding mechanical outer stacking rings, and the geosynthetic material samples are neatly stacked on the sand layer inside the lower pressure plate in the order of "geomembrane, geotextile, GCL (a thin artificial anti-seepage product made of two layers of geotextiles and one layer of bentonite) and geomembrane" layer by layer;

[0095] Step 5, filling the prefabricated clay sample into the upper pressing plate;

[0096] Step 6: restart the axial pressure system of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument, and the actuator drives the upper pressure plate to move so that the clay layer built into the upper pressure plate contacts the geomembrane without pressure;

[0097] Step 7: According to the test requirements, apply axial pressure P1 to the sample through the axial pressure system. After the axial pressure P1 is stable, set the torsion rate of the torque system to V1, and set the test sampling rate;

[0098] Step 8. Click Setup to start the test. The test ends when the shear displacement reaches the set value Δ1.

[0099] Step nine, save the test data, and reset all instrument settings and data to zero, and prepare for the next set of tests.

[0100] Constant torque shear test:

[0101] Step 1: Start the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear tester and select the torque shear test mode; lift the upper pressure plate device upward to the limit position through the axial pressure system actuator to reserve sample loading space; then close the axial pressure system and keep the upper pressure plate device always in the limit position;

[0102] Step 2: According to the experimental requirements and in combination with the Geotechnical Test Regulations, Geotechnical Test Method Standards, and Technical Specifications for Sanitary Landfill Treatment of Domestic Waste, etc., cut geosynthetics sample circles and prefabricate clay and sand samples;

[0103] Step 3, filling the prefabricated sand sample into the lower platen in accordance with the inverted laying sequence of the modern sanitary landfill liner system;

[0104] Step 4: According to the use rules of the short outer stacking ring, various cut geosynthetic material samples are bonded together with the corresponding mechanical outer stacking rings, and the geosynthetic material samples are neatly stacked on the sand layer inside the lower pressure plate in the order of "geomembrane, geotextile, GCL (a thin artificial anti-seepage product made of two layers of geotextiles and one layer of bentonite) and geomembrane" layer by layer;

[0105] Step 5, filling the prefabricated clay sample into the upper pressure plate;

[0106] Step 6: restart the axial pressure system of the large-scale static multifunctional torsion shear instrument, and the actuator drives the upper pressure plate to move so that the clay layer built into the upper pressure plate contacts the geomembrane without pressure;

[0107] Step 7: According to the test requirements, apply axial pressure P1 to the sample through the axial pressure system. After the axial pressure P1 is stable, set the torque value M1 of the torque system and set the test sampling rate;

[0108] Step 8. Click Setup to start the test. The test ends when the shear displacement reaches Δ1.

[0109] Step nine, save the test data, reset all instrument settings and data to zero, and close the test instrument.

[0110] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shear displacement measurement system of a torsion shear instrument, characterized in that: It includes an upper platen connected to the axial pressure system, a lower platen connected to the torque system, and a detection device capable of detecting the real-time shear displacement of the sample, wherein the lower platen and the upper platen are respectively provided with respective sample accommodating grooves; The sample placed in the sample accommodating groove of the upper platen is superimposed on the sample placed in the sample accommodating groove of the lower platen under the drive of the axial pressure system. The torque system drives the lower platen to rotate. The two samples are torsionally sheared under the dual effects of the axial force output by the axial pressure system and the torsional force output by the torque system. The real-time shear displacement of the sample is obtained through the detection device. The detection device comprises an internal camera, a peripheral camera, and an outer stacking ring group and an inner stacking ring group arranged coaxially; The outer stacking ring group includes a plurality of stacked outer stacking rings, the outer peripheral walls of the outer stacking rings are engraved with scales, and the scales on the outer stacking rings do not block each other, the outer cover of the outer stacking ring group is connected to a water bath cover, and the side wall of the water bath cover is provided with a water bath cover indicator line along the axial direction, and the water bath cover indicator line is located within the camera range of the surrounding cameras; The inner stacked ring group includes a plurality of stacked inner rings, the inner circumferential wall of the inner stacked rings is engraved with a scale, and the scales on each inner stacked ring do not block each other. An inner glass cylinder is also provided inside the inner stacked ring group, and an inner glass cylinder indicator line is provided on the cylinder wall of the inner glass cylinder along the axial direction. A reflector is provided inside the inner glass cylinder, and the internal camera obtains the scale image on the inner stacked ring group through the reflector.

2. The shear displacement measurement system of the torsion shear instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottoms of the outer stacked ring group and the inner stacked ring group are respectively connected with universal wheels, and the universal wheels are supported on the lower pressure plate through universal wheel brackets.

3. The shear displacement measurement system of the torsion shear instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper pressure plate is contact-connected with an inner stacked ring baffle and an outer stacked ring baffle, which cooperate with each other to form an annular upper pressure plate sample accommodating groove; during the torsional shear test, the inner stacked ring baffle is sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner stacked ring group, and the outer stacked ring baffle is sleeved inside the outer stacked ring group.

4. The shear displacement measurement system of the torsion shear instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower pressure plate is contacted and connected with an inner retaining ring and an outer retaining ring, which cooperate to form an annular lower pressure plate sample accommodating groove. The upper pressure plate sample accommodating groove is equal in size to the lower pressure plate sample accommodating groove, and the notches are opposite.

5. The shear displacement measurement system of the torsion shear instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner stacked ring baffle, the outer stacked ring baffle, the inner retaining ring and the outer retaining ring are all provided with a plurality of hole pressure sensors, the axial pressure system is provided with a load sensor capable of detecting the axial pressure output by the axial pressure system, and the torque system is provided with a torque sensor capable of detecting the torque output by the torque system; The processor controls the shaft pressure output by the shaft pressure system according to the closed-loop system composed of the actuator and the load sensor in the shaft pressure system, and controls the torque output by the torque system according to the closed-loop system composed of the servo motor and the torque sensor in the torque system.

6. The shear displacement measurement system of the torsion shear instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner stacked ring baffle and the outer stacked ring baffle are respectively connected to the upper pressure plate through a first adjusting screw, and a first adjusting spring is sleeved on the first adjusting screw; The inner retaining ring and the outer retaining ring are respectively connected to the lower pressure plate through a second adjusting screw, and a second adjusting spring is sleeved on the second adjusting screw.

7. The shear displacement measurement system of the torsion shear instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower pressure plate is rotatably and sealably connected with a water tank bottom plate, and the water bath cover is arranged on the water tank bottom plate.

8. The shear displacement measurement system of the torsion shear instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sample holding piece fixedly connected to the upper pressing plate is arranged in the sample accommodating groove of the upper pressing plate.

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