A friction damper

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a damper. In order to solve the problem of damping force change after the friction plate of a friction damper is worn, the nonlinear elastic element of a disc spring is used to self-compensate the wear gap to obtain a stable damping force. The friction disc spring includes an upper mounting plate, an upper supporting ring, a lower supporting ring, a fixing cover, a disc spring, a fixing screw, a pressure ring, an upper friction plate, a rotating plate, a rotating shaft, a lower friction plate, and a lower mounting plate. By configurable working points of the disc spring, the damping force is adjustable and controllable during the installation process, and the installation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of dampers, and in particular relates to a friction damper, which is applicable to industries such as vehicles, industry, construction, and bridges. Background Art

[0002] When subjected to loads such as earthquakes, random wind loads, engine excitation, and rotating machinery impacts, structures absorb significant amounts of external energy, and the forced vibrations cause structural dynamic responses. When the structural response exceeds its inherent deformation capacity, the structure is destroyed or damaged, such as the collapse of a house under an earthquake or the breaking of a cable under random wind loads. To ensure structural safety, researchers have proposed the concept of structural vibration control. This approach reduces the dynamic response of the structure by installing energy-dissipating devices at appropriate locations within the system, thereby ensuring structural safety.

[0003] In addition, in some products, considering the human-machine efficiency, it is also necessary to set a damping link in the mechanism to improve the comfort of operation. For example, the accelerator pedal for a car requires the driver to control the rise and fall of the accelerator through the power of his feet. During long-term driving, it will cause driving fatigue to the driver. A damping link needs to be set in the accelerator pedal mechanism to improve driving comfort and driving stability requirements.

[0004] The simplest and most common damper product is the friction damper. However, friction dampers have the following problems: First, the wear of the damping block during long-term use cannot be replenished, resulting in reduced damping and unstable and uncontrollable damping force throughout the product's life cycle; Second, errors may occur in the damping mechanism during production and installation, causing the damping force to differ from the designed size; Third, the damping structure is complex internally and requires high installation precision.

[0005] Therefore, it is an urgent problem to invent a damper with a simple structure, a large adjustable space for assembly parameters, which can effectively supplement the wear of the damping during long-term use, and the error between the actual damping force and the designed damping force is within a controllable range, so that the damping force can maintain stability and reliable damping force. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a friction damper that solves the problem that the damping force cannot be self-compensated after the friction plate is worn, and improves the damper quality control requirements by absorbing assembly errors through design tolerances, making installation more convenient and simple.

[0007] The technical solution for realizing the present invention is as follows: comprising an upper mounting plate, an upper supporting ring, a lower supporting ring, a fixing cover, a disc spring, fixing screws, a pressure ring, an upper friction plate, a rotating plate, a rotating shaft, a lower friction plate and a lower mounting plate. The pressure ring is disc-shaped as a whole, with a through hole in the center, and an annular boss with a right-angled trapezoidal cross-section is provided on the upper surface of the disk, the right-angled side of the annular boss is flush with the outer side surface of the original disk, and the upper surface of the annular boss is provided with m through holes, the lower surface size of the annular boss is consistent with the upper surface size of the disk, and the lower surface of the annular boss fits with the upper surface of the disk; the upper mounting disk is hollow disc-shaped as a whole, and the upper surface of the upper mounting disk fits with the lower surface of the pressure ring, and the upper surface of the upper mounting disk is provided with m threaded blind holes along the outer edge, and the positions of the m threaded blind holes correspond one to one with the m through holes of the pressure ring, and the upper surface of the upper mounting disk is provided with an annular boss along the inner edge, and the upper surface of the annular boss is provided with an annular groove, and 2k boss cylinders are provided on the upper surface of the annular boss, and the boss cylinders are provided with a gap that matches the annular groove, and the outer side surface of the disk is flush with the outer side surface of the pressure ring. , n boss cylinders are evenly distributed along the outer edge of the lower surface of the upper mounting plate, which are the first boss cylinder, the second boss cylinder, ..., the nth boss cylinder in the clockwise direction; the fixing cover is a round-head flat key shape, with a total of J, and an annular groove is provided on the lower surface of the fixing cover. The fixing cover is fixed to the upper surface of the 2J boss cylinders on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate, and its position matches the 2J boss cylinders; the disc spring is bowl-shaped, and the outer side surface is clearance-matched with the inner side surface of the pressure ring. The disc spring includes a disc spring part and a separation finger part. The disc spring part has m through holes evenly opened along the outer edge, and the positions of the through holes correspond one to one with the m through holes of the pressure ring. The fixing screws pass through the through holes of the pressure ring and the disc spring through holes and are fixed in the threaded blind holes on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate. The end of the separation finger is surrounded by a through hole with a radius of r0; the upper supporting ring and the lower supporting ring are steel wire rings with a wire diameter of r xThe radius of the circular ring is r1. The upper supporting ring is located on the upper surface of the disc spring and is half buried in the annular groove on the lower surface of the fixed cover. The lower supporting ring is located on the lower surface of the disc spring and is half buried in the annular groove of the annular boss on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate. The lower mounting plate is disc-shaped, and n boss cylinders are evenly distributed along the outer edge of the upper surface. In the clockwise direction, they are the first boss, the second boss, ..., the nth boss. The upper surfaces of the n boss cylinders of the lower mounting plate fit with the lower surfaces of the n boss cylinders of the upper mounting plate, and the positions of the boss cylinders correspond one to one. An open cavity is formed by the lower surface of the upper mounting plate, the upper surface of the lower mounting plate and the corresponding n boss cylinders. The open cavity is provided with an upper friction plate, a rotating disk, a rotating shaft, and a lower Friction plate; the rotating shaft is a two-layer stepped shaft, the shaft diameter of the first stepped shaft is larger than the second stepped shaft, the end of the first stepped shaft is embedded in the center of the lower mounting plate, the second stepped shaft passes through the middle through hole of the upper mounting plate and the through hole surrounded by the end of the separation finger, and a spline groove is provided on the first stepped shaft; the turntable is a hollow disc, and a spline that closely matches the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft is provided at the through hole, and the lower surface of the turntable disc is fitted with the upper surface of the lower friction plate; the upper friction plate body is cylindrical, located between the upper mounting plate and the turntable, and a through hole that matches the second stepped shaft of the rotating shaft is provided in the middle of the cylinder of the upper friction plate body; the lower friction plate is a hollow disc, the lower surface of the lower friction plate is fitted with the upper surface of the lower mounting plate, and the through hole closely matches the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0009] (1) Friction damping is continuously generated during the pedal depression and rebound processes, thereby achieving the force hysteresis requirements of the pedal depression and rebound processes and satisfying the comfort and stability of driving operations.

[0010] (2) The relative rotation between the turntable and the friction plate of the present invention generates a friction damping force, and the disc spring is used as an elastic supporting element to provide a clamping force between the friction plate and the turntable. The disc spring has a relatively stable stiffness within a certain deformation range, and its deformation can be used as compensation for the wear of the friction plate, thereby ensuring that the damping force of the accelerator pedal remains basically unchanged during long-term use, thereby increasing the service life and reliability of the product, improving the force hysteresis feedback stability of the driver's foot, and improving the driving comfort and stability of existing accelerator pedal products.

[0011] (3) The present invention utilizes the characteristic of relatively stable stiffness of disc springs within a certain deformation range, uses the deformation as the design tolerance to absorb assembly errors, and achieves consistency in the damping force of the accelerator pedal of the product. The quality control requirements of the accelerator pedal damper can be met through simple parts assembly.

[0012] (4) The present invention adopts a disc spring structure design with multiple separation fingers. When individual separation fingers are damaged, the disc spring can still generate elastic force, thereby ensuring the reliability of the damping force of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a friction damper in the working state of the embodiment;

[0014] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a diagram of the initial installation state of the disc spring of the friction damper of this embodiment;

[0015] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the installation of the lower mounting plate, rotating plate, lower friction plate, rotating shaft, and upper friction plate in this embodiment;

[0016] Figure 4 Graphs showing the forces and deformations of the disc spring of the friction damper in different states according to this embodiment;

[0017] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the nonlinear elastic characteristics and working point configuration of disc springs;

[0018] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the combination of the friction damper and the horizontal accelerator pedal in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the combination of the friction damper and the suspended accelerator pedal in this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the friction damper of this embodiment being integrated on a bridge;

[0021] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the friction damper of this embodiment being integrated into a building;

[0022] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the friction damper of this embodiment in industrial mechanical rotation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The friction damper of this embodiment solves the problem that the damping force cannot be self-compensated after the friction plate is worn, and reduces the quality control requirements of the friction damper by absorbing the assembly error through the design tolerance. Figure 1-10 The present embodiment is described in further detail to help those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the concept, technical solution and working principle of the present invention, and to facilitate its implementation.

[0024] Combine Figure 1The friction damper described in this embodiment includes an upper mounting plate (9), an upper supporting ring (2), a lower supporting ring (3), a fixing cover (7), a disc spring (6), a fixing screw (1), a pressure ring (8), an upper friction plate (4), a rotating plate (10), a rotating shaft (5), a lower friction plate (11), and a lower mounting plate (12). The pressure ring (8) is in the shape of a disk as a whole, with a through hole in the center. An annular boss with a right-angled trapezoidal cross section is provided on the upper surface of the disk. The right-angled side of the annular boss is aligned with the outer side of the original disk. The upper surface of the annular boss is provided with m through holes. The size of the lower surface of the annular boss is consistent with the size of the upper surface of the disk. The lower surface of the annular boss is in contact with the upper surface of the disk. The upper mounting plate (9) is in the shape of a hollow disk as a whole. The upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is in contact with the lower surface of the pressure ring (8). The upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is provided with m threaded blind holes along the outer edge, and the positions of the m threaded blind holes correspond to the m through holes of the pressure ring (8) one by one. The upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is provided with an annular boss along the inner edge, and the upper surface of the annular boss is provided with an annular groove. The upper surface of the annular boss is provided with 2k boss cylinders, and the boss cylinders are provided with gaps that match the annular grooves. The outer side surface of the disk is flush with the outer side surface of the pressure ring (8). The lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is provided with a circular boss. The surface is uniformly distributed with n boss cylinders along the outer edge, and in the clockwise direction, they are the first boss cylinder, the second boss cylinder, ..., the nth boss cylinder; the fixed cover (7) is in the shape of a round head flat key, and there are J of them in total. The lower surface of the fixed cover (7) is provided with an annular groove. The fixed cover (7) is fixed to the upper surface of the 2J boss cylinders on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9), and the position is matched with the 2J boss cylinders; the disc spring (6) is in the shape of a bowl and dish, and the outer side is aligned with the inner side of the pressure ring (8). The disc spring (6) includes a disc spring part and a separation finger part. The disc spring part is uniformly provided with m through holes along the outer edge. The positions of the through holes correspond to the m through holes of the pressure ring (8). The fixing screw (1) passes through the through holes of the pressure ring (8) and the disc spring (6) through holes and is fixed in the threaded blind hole on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9). The end of the separation finger is surrounded by a through hole with a radius of r0. The upper support ring (2) and the lower support ring (3) are steel wire rings with a wire diameter of r0. xThe radius of the circular ring is r1. The upper supporting ring (2) is located on the upper surface of the disc spring (6) and is half-buried in the annular groove on the lower surface of the fixed cover (7). The lower supporting ring (3) is located on the lower surface of the disc spring (6) and is half-buried in the annular groove of the annular boss on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9). The lower mounting plate (12) is disc-shaped, and n boss cylinders are evenly distributed along the outer edge of the upper surface. In the clockwise direction, they are the first boss, the second boss, ..., the nth boss. The upper surfaces of the n boss cylinders of the lower mounting plate (12) are fitted with the lower surfaces of the n boss cylinders of the upper mounting plate (9), and the positions of the boss cylinders correspond one to one. An open cavity is formed by the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9), the upper surface of the lower mounting plate (12) and the corresponding n boss cylinders. The open cavity is provided with an upper friction plate (4), a rotating plate (10), a rotating shaft (5), and a lower friction plate (11). The rotating shaft (5) is a two-layer stepped shaft, the shaft diameter of the first stepped shaft is larger than the second stepped shaft, the end of the first stepped shaft is embedded in the center of the lower mounting plate (12), the second stepped shaft passes through the middle through hole of the upper mounting plate (9) and the through hole formed by the end of the separation finger, and a spline groove is provided on the first stepped shaft; the rotating disk (10) is hollow disc-shaped, and a spline is provided at the through hole to closely match the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5), and the lower surface of the rotating disk (10) is in contact with the upper surface of the lower friction plate (11); the upper friction plate (4) body is cylindrical and located between the upper mounting plate (9) and the rotating disk (10), and a through hole is provided in the middle of the cylinder of the upper friction plate (4) body to match the second stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5); the lower friction plate (11) is a hollow disc, and the lower surface of the lower friction plate (11) is in contact with the upper surface of the lower mounting plate (12), and the through hole is in close contact with the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5).

[0025] The upper friction plate (4) is a hollow cylindrical shape as a whole, and three layers of cylindrical steps are provided on the outer side of the body, which are the first cylindrical step, the second cylindrical step and the third cylindrical step from top to bottom, and the outer edge radius increases in sequence. The upper surface of the first cylindrical step contacts the head of the disc spring (6) separation finger, and there is a gap between the upper surface of the second cylindrical step and the lower surface of the disc spring (6) separation finger. The upper surface of the third cylindrical step is in contact with the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9), and the lower surface is in contact with the upper surface of the rotating disk (10). A blind hole is provided on the lower surface of the third cylindrical step along the center line of the cylinder, the radius of the blind hole is greater than the first step shaft radius of the rotating shaft (5) and is smaller than the outer edge radius of the second cylindrical step, and the depth is less than the total height of the second and third cylindrical steps. A gap of 2δ is left between the upper surface of the first step of the rotating shaft (5) and the top surface of the blind hole of the third cylindrical step. Two symmetrical semicircular limiting grooves are provided on the outer edge of the third cylindrical step.

[0026] The disc spring (6) is made of beryllium bronze sheet or spring steel material. In a free state, the outer edge radius of the disc spring is R1, the inner truncated cone height is H, the separation finger portion is composed of k separation fingers evenly distributed, the separation fingers are in the shape of fingers pointing to the center of a circle, and support ring through holes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the root where each separation finger and the disc spring portion are combined. The center line radius formed by the centers of the 2k support ring through holes is r1.

[0027] The center positions of the 2k boss cylinders arranged on the upper surface of the annular boss on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) coincide with the center of the support ring through hole of the disc spring (6). The radius of the boss cylinder on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is smaller than the radius of the support ring through hole. The lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is provided with an annular boss. The inner surface of the annular boss on the lower surface matches the outer surface of the third cylindrical step of the upper friction plate (4). A gap δ is left between the lower surface of the annular boss on the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9) and the upper surface of the rotating disk (10). The inner surface of the annular boss on the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is also symmetrically provided with a semicircular limit block, which matches the outer edge of the third cylindrical step with two symmetrical semicircular limit grooves for limiting the rotation of the upper friction plate (4).

[0028] The outer edge of the lower surface of the lower mounting plate (12) is provided with a first annular boss, the outer side of the first annular boss is aligned with the outer side of the lower mounting plate (12), a central cylinder is provided at the center of the lower surface of the lower mounting plate (12), the diameter of the central cylinder is larger than the outer diameter of the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5), the lower surface of the central cylinder is aligned with the lower surface of the first annular boss, a reinforcing rib is provided between the two, a circular groove is provided at the outer edge of the reinforcing rib, a blind hole is provided at the center of the lower mounting plate (12) that matches the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5), a second annular boss is provided on the upper surface of the lower mounting plate (12) that is concentric with the lower mounting plate (12), a gap δ is left between the upper surface of the second annular boss and the lower surface of the rotating plate (10), the inner side of the second annular boss matches the outer side of the lower friction plate (11), and a semicircular limit block is symmetrically provided on the inner side of the second annular boss.

[0029] Two symmetrical semicircular limiting grooves are provided on the outer side surface of the lower friction plate (11), which cooperate with two semicircular limiting blocks of the second annular boss of the lower mounting plate (12) to limit the rotation of the lower friction plate (11).

[0030] The fixing screw (1) has a screw head that is larger than the through hole of the disc spring (6), and a portion of the screw that does not enter the threaded blind hole of the upper mounting plate (9) has no threads.

[0031] The circular groove structure at the outer edge of the reinforcing rib of the lower mounting plate (12) and the second stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5) serve as a mechanical mounting interface with the outside. A circular groove matching the second stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5) and a cylindrical boss matching the circular groove at the outer edge of the reinforcing rib of the lower mounting plate (12) can be provided on the external mounting portion for mounting.

[0032] The lower surface of the second cylindrical step of the upper friction plate (4), the upper surface of the turntable (10) and the rotating shaft (5) form a first closed cavity; the upper surface of the lower friction plate (11), the lower surface of the turntable (10) and the rotating shaft (5) form a second closed cavity. Grease can be placed in the first closed cavity and the second closed cavity. The grease can form an oil film on the lower surface of the third cylindrical step of the upper friction plate (4) and the upper surface of the turntable (10), as well as on the lower surface of the turntable (10) and the upper surface of the lower friction plate (11). The oil film can generate viscous damping.

[0033] The upper mounting plate (9) is provided with a mechanical interface between the n boss cylinders and the n boss cylinders of the lower mounting plate (12). The specific connection mode of the interface is related to the selected material. Here, a simple type of the installation process is described. The upper mounting plate (9) and the lower mounting plate (12) are described by taking plastic material as an example. The lower surfaces of the n boss cylinders of the upper mounting plate (9) are provided with buckles, and the buckles are in the shape of barbs. The upper surfaces of the n boss cylinders of the lower mounting plate (12) are provided with blind holes. The inner side surfaces of the blind holes are matched with the outer side surfaces of the buckles of the upper mounting plate (9). A window is provided on the side wall of the blind hole. The window is matched with the buckle barbs of the upper mounting plate (9) to connect the upper mounting plate (9) and the lower mounting plate (12).

[0034] The outer side of the rotating disk (10) is provided with a threaded hole for connecting an external connecting rod (13); the portion of the first step shaft of the rotating shaft (5) beyond the disc spring (6) is provided with a mechanical interface, which can be a spline, key or other connection method.

[0035] There are two external loading modes for the turntable (10): reciprocating rotation and continuous rotation. For reciprocating motion, the outer threaded hole interface of the turntable (10) and the interface of the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5) can be used. If the outer threaded hole interface of the turntable (10) is used, the connecting rod (13) will pass between the first boss cylinder and the second boss cylinder of the upper mounting plate (9). For continuous rotation, the interface of the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5) is used.

[0036] The friction damping function of the friction damper of this embodiment is realized by the following principle: the disc spring (6) is installed and loaded from the initial state so that the disc spring (6) obtains elastic force, thereby obtaining a pressing force F between the upper friction plate (4), the lower friction plate (11) and the rotating disk (10). nThe turntable (10) is subjected to external force and rotates along the rotating shaft (5). The turntable (10) rubs against the upper friction plate (4) and the lower friction plate (11), thereby generating a friction damping moment M. μ .

[0037] To ensure that only the turntable (10) and the rotating shaft (5) rotate and the other parts do not move relative to each other, the annular boss on the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9) radially limits the upper friction plate (4); the second annular boss on the lower mounting plate (12) radially limits the lower friction plate (11). According to the formula M of the friction damping moment μ =2fF n R c , and the required friction torque M μ Calculate the compression force F of the disc spring (6) n , calculate the required pressing force F of each separation finger according to the separation index k of the disc spring (6) designed for the separation finger 20 .

[0038] The nonlinear elastic force of the disc spring (6) of the friction damper described in this embodiment is realized by the following principle: the disc spring (6) obtains elastic force from the initial state through installation and loading, the pressure ring (8), the disc spring (6) and the upper mounting plate (9) are connected by the fixing screw (1), the movement of the upper support ring (2) and the lower support ring (3) is restricted by the annular groove on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) and the annular groove on the lower surface of the fixing cover (7), so that the disc spring (6) obtains preliminary loading, the upper mounting plate (9) and the lower mounting plate (12) are installed by snap fastening, the disc spring (6) and the upper friction plate (4) generate interaction force, the disc spring (6) is loaded again, and the elastic force is generated. Adjusting the parameters of the disc spring (6), such as the number of separation fingers k, h is the plate thickness, R1 is the radius of the outer edge loading point, r1 is the radius of the support ring loading point, H is the height of the inner truncated cone of the disc spring part in the free state of the disc spring (6), and the separation finger structure, etc., can achieve the adjustment of the stiffness, thereby realizing the design of the clamping force.

[0039] According to the formula, the required pressing force for each separation finger is:

[0040]

[0041] The friction damper described in this embodiment can automatically compensate for wear because the elastic force of the disc spring (6) remains unchanged. Specifically, the upper friction plate (4) is made into a stepped shape to ensure close contact with the disc spring (6) while also ensuring the friction area. There is a gap between the lower surface of the second cylindrical step of the upper friction plate (4) and the upper surface of the first step shaft of the rotating shaft (5). After the friction plate is worn, under the action of the disc spring (6), the upper friction plate (4) is forced to descend along the rotating shaft (5), so that the friction plate always maintains a close fit with the rotating disk (10). The lower surface of the second step shaft of the upper friction plate (4) can axially position the rotating shaft (5), so that the rotating shaft (5) has a certain amount of axial string momentum and will not leave the working area.

[0042] The disc spring (6) of the friction damper described in this embodiment has nonlinear elastic characteristics. Due to multiple sequential actions, the working point of the disc spring (6) needs to be reasonably selected and configured: the support point of the disc spring (6) is set at the small end of the disc spring part, that is, the position r1, and the support is achieved by clamping the disc spring (6) by the upper support ring (2) and the lower support ring (3). Since the upper support ring (2) and the lower support ring (3) adopt a wire ring structure and form a line contact with the disc spring (6), the error caused by the large contact area is reduced; the structural assembly and operation of the disc spring (6) include the loading of the disc spring big end of the disc spring (6) and the separation of the slotted disc spring (6) and the fingertip loading process. The disc spring (6) in the free state is in the shape of an inverted cone, and the pressure ring (8) fixes the disc spring (6) through the fixing screw (1). ) is pressed down at the large end of the disc spring part, and the fingertip of the separation finger part is turned from pointing downward to pointing horizontally, thereby realizing the loading process of the large end of the disc spring (6). At this time, the disc spring (6) is in the initial installation state; the buckle interface of the upper mounting plate (9) and the lower mounting plate (12) is locked. During the locking process, the upper end of the upper friction plate (4) contacts the fingertip of the separation finger and pushes the separation finger from the horizontal direction to the upward direction, thereby realizing the loading process of the fingertip of the separation finger. At this time, the elastic force on the separation finger acts evenly on the upper end of the upper friction plate (4) to provide a normal load for the upper and lower contact surfaces of the rotating disk (10), and the disc spring (6) enters the working state; the relationship between the large end load F1 of the disc spring part of the disc spring (6) and the relative axial deformation λ1 between the loading point is shown in formula (1). It can be seen that the disc spring (6) has nonlinear elastic characteristics, as shown in Figure 5 As shown in the middle curve 1, when When the peak value appears at point M, the curve remains horizontal in the MN section, that is, the load F1 in the MN section remains basically unchanged. When the upper end of the upper friction plate (4) contacts the tip of the separation finger of the disc spring (6) and is loaded, let the load applied to the separation finger be F2, and the deformation of the corresponding action point be λ2. The relationship between the load F2 and the deformation λ2 at the separation finger can be obtained from the moment balance relationship, as shown in Formula (2).

[0043] In order to obtain a smaller working load and a larger adjustment displacement stroke, the working point of the slotted disc spring (6) needs to be configured.

[0044] The installation state of the disc spring (6) is set at point M, that is, first apply a load F1 to the large end of the disc spring until the displacement reaches λ 1M At the working point, the load applied to the separation finger is F2, and the displacement stroke of the separation finger is λ. 2N At the point, due to the increase in stroke, the F1 load continues to Figure 3 The F1-λ1 characteristic changes in the middle MN segment.

[0045] After this configuration, a larger adjustment displacement stroke λ is obtained due to the influence of the lever ratio 2f and a smaller workload F2, and at λ 2f F2 remains basically unchanged within the stroke, λ 2f The stroke can be used as the wear amount of the friction plate, thereby ensuring that the normal load on the turntable (10) remains substantially unchanged during long-term use.

[0046] The friction damper structure of this embodiment is easy to install. The lower mounting plate (12), the rotating shaft (5) and the lower friction plate (11) can be fixed to each other by insert injection molding or gluing. After fixing, the rotating plate (10) and the upper friction plate (4) are installed in sequence along the rotating shaft (5). The disc spring (6), the upper mounting plate (9) and the pressure ring (8) are installed through the fixing cover (7), the fixing screw (1), the upper support ring (2) and the lower support ring (3). The upper mounting plate (9) and the lower mounting plate (12) are connected by a mechanical interface and can be disassembled through the window hole of the lower mounting plate (12).

[0047] The friction damper described in this embodiment can be easily combined with different types of accelerator pedal structures, such as horizontal and suspended accelerator pedals. Figure 6 , is a horizontal accelerator pedal, wherein the accelerator pedal (14) is connected to the connecting rod (13), and the pedaling force is transmitted to the friction damper (15), and the friction damper (15) is installed in the installation groove (16); combined Figure 7 , which is a suspended accelerator pedal, wherein the accelerator pedal (14) is connected to the connecting rod (13) to transmit the pedaling force to the friction damper (15).

[0048] The friction damper described in this embodiment can be used in bridges with cable dampers, such as Figure 8 As shown, a wire winch can be connected together at the first step shaft of the friction damper shaft (5) through a key, and a steel wire is used to connect the cable and the friction damper.

[0049] The friction damper described in this embodiment can be used to dissipate horizontal external forces of a building, such as Figure 9 As shown, a wire winch can be connected together at the first step shaft of the friction damper shaft (5) through a key. When the building is subjected to horizontal external forces such as earthquakes and strong winds, the friction damper can reduce the impact on the building and obtain higher safety.

[0050] The friction damper described in this embodiment can be used for vibration reduction and impact resistance of industrial products, such as Figure 10 As shown, the friction damper is connected to the coupling through the keyway at the first step shaft of the rotating shaft (5), and the rotation of the motor transmits the torque to the turntable (10) through the coupling, thereby generating friction torque and improving the stability of the motor output.

Claims

1. A friction damper, comprising a disc spring (6) with nonlinear elasticity, an upper mounting plate (9), an upper support ring (2) and a lower support ring (3) for support, a pressure ring (8) for pressing down, an upper friction plate (4), a rotating plate (10), a rotating shaft (5), a lower friction plate (11), and a lower mounting plate (12); characterized in that: The disc spring (6) is in the shape of an inverted bowl in a free state, and comprises a disc spring portion and a separation finger portion; The disc spring has an interval in the loading stroke, in which the normal load is kept basically unchanged, the starting point M of the interval is the initial installation point position, and the end point N is the initial working point position; The disc spring (6) obtains elastic force from the initial state through installation and loading, the outer side surface of the disc spring (6) and the inner side surface of the pressure ring (8) are clearance-matched, the end of the separation finger is surrounded by a through hole, the support point of the disc spring (6) is arranged at the connection end of the separation finger part, the upper support ring (2) is located on the upper surface of the disc spring (6), and the lower support ring (3) is located on the lower surface of the disc spring (6); The pressing ring (8) and the upper mounting plate (9) are disk-shaped as a whole, with a through hole provided at the center, and the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is in contact with the lower surface of the pressing ring (8); The pressing ring (8) presses down the disc spring part of the disc spring (6) and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9). The upper supporting ring (2) and the lower supporting ring (3) clamp the supporting point of the disc spring (6) to achieve support. The disc spring (6) obtains initial loading, and the elastic force of the disc spring (6) reaches the initial mounting point position at point M. The upper mounting plate (9) is in the shape of a hollow plate as a whole, and has n bosses on its lower surface; the upper surface of the lower mounting plate (12) has n bosses, and the n bosses correspond one-to-one with the n bosses on the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9) and are locked and fixedly connected; An upper friction plate (4), a rotating plate (10) and a lower friction plate (11) are arranged in an open cavity formed by the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9), the upper surface of the lower mounting plate (12) and the corresponding n bosses; one end of the rotating shaft (5) is fixedly connected to the lower mounting plate (12), and the other end passes through a middle through hole of the upper mounting plate (9) and a through hole formed by the end of the separation finger; The upper friction plate (4) has a columnar body and is located between the upper mounting plate (9) and the rotating plate (10). A hole is provided in the middle of the columnar body of the upper friction plate (4) and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (5). The rotating disk (10) is in the shape of a hollow disk, and the through-hole rotating shaft (5) is matched, and the lower surface of the rotating disk (10) is in contact with the upper surface of the lower friction plate (11); The lower friction plate (11) is in the shape of a hollow disk, and the lower surface of the lower friction plate (11) is in contact with the upper surface of the lower mounting plate (12); The disc spring (6) is loaded again. When the bosses of the upper mounting plate (9) and the lower mounting plate (12) are locked and fixedly connected, the upper end of the upper friction plate (4) pushes the tip of the separation finger of the disc spring (6). The separation of the disc spring (6) reaches the initial working point position N. The elastic force on the separation finger is applied to the upper end surface of the upper friction plate (4) to provide a normal load for the upper and lower contact surfaces of the rotating disk (10). A pressing force is obtained between the upper friction plate (4), the lower friction plate (11) and the rotating disk (10). The rotating disk (10) rotates along the rotating shaft (5). The rotating disk (10) rubs against the upper friction plate (4) and the lower friction plate (11) to generate a friction damping moment. The disc spring (6) has an MN interval in the loading stroke, and the normal load in this interval remains substantially unchanged; When the upper friction plate (4) and the lower friction plate (11) are worn, the working point of the disc spring (6) changes from the initial working point position N to the initial installation point position M; during this process, the normal load between the upper friction plate (4), the lower friction plate (11) and the rotating disk (10) remains unchanged, and the friction damping moment generated by friction remains unchanged; The upper surface of the disc of the pressure ring (8) is provided with an annular boss with a right-angled trapezoidal cross section, the right-angled side of the annular boss is flush with the outer side of the original disc, the upper surface of the annular boss is provided with m through holes, the lower surface size of the annular boss is consistent with the upper surface size of the disc, and the lower surface of the annular boss is in contact with the upper surface of the disc; The upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is provided with m threaded blind holes along the outer edge, the positions of the m threaded blind holes correspond one to one with the m through holes of the pressure ring (8), the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is provided with an annular boss along the inner edge, the upper surface of the annular boss is provided with an annular groove, the upper surface of the annular boss is provided with 2k boss cylinders, the boss cylinders are provided with gaps matching the annular grooves, and the outer side surface of the disk is flush with the outer side surface of the pressure ring (8); The fixing cover (7) is in the shape of a round head flat key, and there are J of them in total. An annular groove is provided on the lower surface of the fixing cover (7). The fixing cover (7) is fixed to the upper surface of 2J boss cylinders on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9), and the position thereof matches the 2J boss cylinders. The disc spring portion of the disc spring (6) is evenly provided with m through holes along the outer edge, and the positions of the through holes correspond one to one with the m through holes of the pressure ring (8); The upper support ring (2) is half-buried in an annular groove on the lower surface of the fixed cover (7), and the lower support ring (3) is half-buried in an annular groove on the annular boss on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9); The fixing screw (1) passes through the through hole of the pressure ring (8) and the through hole of the disc spring (6) and is fixed in the threaded blind hole on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9). The pressure ring (8) presses down the large end of the disc spring part of the disc spring (6). The upper supporting ring (2) and the lower supporting ring (3) adopt a wire ring structure to form a line contact with the disc spring (6). The rotating shaft (5) is a two-layer stepped shaft, the shaft diameter of the first stepped shaft is larger than that of the second stepped shaft, the end of the first stepped shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the lower mounting plate (12), the first stepped shaft is fixedly connected to the through hole of the lower friction plate (11), and cooperates with the through hole of the rotating plate (10), and the second stepped shaft passes through the middle through hole of the upper friction plate (4), the middle through hole of the upper mounting plate (9) and the through hole surrounded by the end of the separation finger.

2. The friction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper friction plate (4) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder as a whole, and three cylindrical steps are arranged on the outer side of the main body, which are the first cylindrical step, the second cylindrical step and the third cylindrical step from top to bottom, and the outer edge radius increases successively; The upper surface of the first cylindrical step is in contact with the separation finger head of the disc spring (6); There is a gap between the upper surface of the second cylindrical step and the lower surface of the separation finger of the disc spring (6); The upper surface of the third cylindrical step is in contact with the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9), and the lower surface is in contact with the upper surface of the rotating plate (10). A blind hole is provided on the lower surface of the third cylindrical step along the center line of the cylinder. The radius of the blind hole is greater than the rotating shaft (5), the radius of the first step shaft is smaller than the outer edge radius of the second cylindrical step, and the depth is less than the total height of the second cylindrical step and the third cylindrical step. A gap of 2 is left between the upper surface of the first step of the rotating shaft (5) and the top surface of the third cylindrical step blind hole. δ Two symmetrical semicircular limiting grooves are arranged on the outer edge of the third cylindrical step.

3. The friction damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center positions of the 2k boss cylinders arranged on the upper surface of the annular boss on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) coincide with the center of the support ring through hole of the disc spring (6); the radius of the boss cylinder on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is smaller than the radius of the support ring through hole; an annular boss is arranged on the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9); the inner side surface of the annular boss on the lower surface matches the outer surface of the third cylindrical step of the upper friction plate (4); A gap is left between the lower surface of the annular boss on the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9) and the upper surface of the rotating plate (10). δ ; The inner side surface of the annular boss on the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is also symmetrically provided with a semicircular limiting block for limiting the rotation of the upper friction plate (4), which cooperates with two symmetrical semicircular limiting grooves provided on the outer edge of the third cylindrical step.

4. The friction damper according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first annular boss is provided on the outer edge of the lower surface of the lower mounting plate (12), and the outer side of the first annular boss is flush with the outer side of the lower mounting plate (12); A blind hole is provided at the center of the lower mounting plate (12) and is matched with the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5); The upper surface of the lower mounting plate (12) is provided with a second annular boss which is concentric with the lower mounting plate (12), and a gap is left between the upper surface of the second annular boss and the lower surface of the rotating plate (10). δ The inner side of the second annular boss cooperates with the outer side of the lower friction plate (11), and a semicircular limiting block is symmetrically provided on the inner side of the second annular boss.

5. The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Two semicircular limiting grooves are symmetrically arranged on the outer side surface of the lower friction plate (11) for limiting the rotation of the lower friction plate (11), and cooperate with two semicircular limiting blocks of the second annular boss of the lower mounting plate (12).

6. The friction damper according to claim 5, characterized in that: An interface is provided on the outer side of the rotating disk (10) for connecting to an external connecting rod (13); A portion of the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5) that extends beyond the disc spring (6) is provided with a mechanical interface; The external loading mode of the rotating disk (10) can be in two forms, one is reciprocating rotation and the other is continuous rotation; The reciprocating motion uses the outer interface of the rotating disk (10), and the connecting rod (13) passes between the bosses of the upper mounting disk (9); The continuous rotation uses the interface of the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5); The annular boss on the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9) radially limits the upper friction plate (4); and the second annular boss on the lower mounting plate (12) radially limits the lower friction plate (11).

7. The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6, characterized in that: There is a gap 2 between the upper surface of the first step of the rotating shaft (5) and the top surface of the third cylindrical step. δ There is a gap between the lower surface of the second cylindrical step of the upper friction plate (4) and the upper surface of the first step shaft of the rotating shaft (5) δ ; There is a gap between the upper surface of the second annular boss of the lower mounting plate (12) and the lower surface of the rotating plate (10) δ ; The wear of the upper friction plate (4) and the lower friction plate (11) is △ δ Afterwards, under the action of the disc spring (6), the upper friction plate (4) is forced to descend along the rotating shaft (5), so that the friction plate always maintains a close fit with the rotating disk (10), and the gap between the upper surface of the first step of the rotating shaft (5) and the top surface of the third cylindrical step blind hole becomes 2 ( δ -△ δ ).

8. A method for assembling a friction damper as claimed in claim 1, characterized by: (a) The loading process of the disc spring part of the disc spring (6), the loading process of the separated finger tip of the disc spring (6) and the process of generating friction torque; (b) fixing the positional relationship between the lower mounting plate (12), the rotating shaft (5) and the lower friction plate (11); and then sequentially installing the rotating plate (10) and the upper friction plate (4) along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (5); (c) The upper support ring (2) and the lower support ring (3) are respectively placed in the annular groove on the lower surface of the fixed cover (7) and the annular groove on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) to limit the movement of the upper support ring (2) and the lower support ring (3), and the disc spring (6) is placed between the upper support ring (2) and the lower support ring (3); (d) The disc spring (6) is in an inverted cone shape in a free state. The fixing screw (1) passes through the through hole of the pressure ring (8) and the through hole of the disc spring (6) and is fixed in the threaded blind hole on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9). The pressure ring (8) presses the disc spring part of the disc spring (6) downward by the downward pressure of the fixing screw (1). Under the support of the lower support ring (3) at the support point of the disc spring (6), the finger tip of the separation finger part changes from pointing downward to pointing horizontally, thereby realizing the loading process of the disc spring big end of the disc spring (6); (e) The buckle interface between the upper mounting plate (9) and the lower mounting plate (12) is locked. During the locking process, the upper end of the upper friction plate (4) contacts the tip of the separation finger and pushes the separation finger from a horizontal direction to an upward direction, thereby realizing the loading process of the tip of the separation finger. At this time, the elastic force on the separation finger is applied to the upper end of the upper friction plate (4) to provide a normal load for the upper and lower contact surfaces of the rotating disk (10); (f) The rotating disk (10) rotates along the rotating shaft (5), and the rotating disk (10) rubs against the upper friction plate (4) and the lower friction plate (11) to generate a friction damping torque.

9. A method for configuring parameters of a friction damper as claimed in claim 1, characterized by: (a) The clamping force of the disc spring (6) is calculated from the friction damping moment formula according to the required friction moment, and then the required clamping force of each separation finger is determined according to the separation index k of the designed disc spring (6). (b) Adjust the load on the large end of the disc spring (6) according to the required displacement of the large end of the disc spring (6). Relative axial deformation to the loading point relational characteristics; (c) Apply load to the large end of the disc spring To displacement to At point M, the disc spring (6) is installed in a state set at point M; (d) The load applied to the separated finger tip is , the displacement stroke of the separated fingertips is The working point is set at point N. (e) Load applied to the large end of the disc spring Load applied to the separated fingertips There is a lever ratio, which obtains a larger adjustment displacement stroke and smaller workloads , and in During the trip Basically remain unchanged, The stroke can be used as the wear amount of the friction plate, thereby ensuring that the normal load on the turntable (10) remains substantially unchanged after long-term use.

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