A ceramic thick plate permeable paving system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ceramic thick plate permeable paving system, comprising a surface layer, an intermediate layer, a permeable base layer, a permeable fabric layer and a soil base layer arranged in sequence; the intermediate layer comprises a permeable pad laid on the surface of the permeable base layer and a support pad located on the permeable pad, the permeable pad is provided with a drainage hole and a water guide groove connected to the drainage hole; the permeable base layer comprises a concrete base layer and a crushed stone pad layer, the crushed stone pad layer is laid on the surface of the permeable fabric layer. The present invention prevents the soil base layer particles from infiltrating into the permeable base layer through the arrangement of the permeable fabric layer, thereby ensuring the water permeability of the permeable base layer and the stability of the soil base layer, and in combination with the crushed stone pad layer laid on the surface of the permeable fabric layer and the concrete base layer laid on the crushed stone pad layer, the overall rigidity and load bearing capacity of the pavement structure are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of urban permeable paving systems, and in particular to a ceramic thick plate permeable paving system. Background Art

[0002] Urbanization is an important driving force for the comprehensive development of our society. However, high-intensity and high-density urban land development has changed the ecological system of the raw materials, destroyed the original hydrological cycle mechanism, and led to a decline in the city's hydrological regulation capacity. Rainwater cannot infiltrate for a long time, groundwater is declining year by year, and heavy rainfall often leads to urban waterlogging; impermeable interior blocks the exchange of water and heat between the ground and the atmosphere, leading to the urban heat island effect. Therefore, solving the problems of low water level decline, urban waterlogging and urban heat island effect is one of the main reasons for promoting the construction of sponge cities.

[0003] To solve the above problems, it is necessary to install permeable paving materials. There are two main types of existing permeable paving materials. One is to use permeable bricks to make water permeable, which rely on the through pores. However, the strength of permeable bricks is relatively low, and their own bearing capacity is low. They are easy to be damaged, and there is also the risk of being damaged by freezing and thawing in cold areas. On the other hand, the pores are easily blocked by sand and dust, which are difficult to clean, resulting in the later water permeability effect becoming worse and worse, and gradually losing the water permeability. In addition, the accumulated water on the road will breed moss, reduce the anti-slip property, and pedestrians are prone to fall. Therefore, this kind of permeable bricks are maintained in the later stage, but the permeable bricks currently in operation are basically not maintained for a long time.

[0004] Another method is to use stone for permeability. The decorative effect and durability of stone are better than those of permeable bricks, but stone has problems such as easy breakage and poor weather resistance. At the same time, stone resources are non-renewable, and the damage to the environment caused by stone mining cannot be restored. These problems have limited the use of stone. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ceramic thick plate permeable paving system, which uses ceramic thick plates to replace traditional stones or permeable bricks to meet the requirements of sponge cities.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a ceramic thick plate permeable paving system, comprising a surface layer, an intermediate layer, a permeable base layer, a permeable fabric layer and a soil base layer arranged in sequence;

[0007] The middle layer comprises a permeable pad laid on the surface of the permeable base layer and a support pad located on the permeable pad, wherein the permeable pad is provided with a drainage hole and a water guide groove connected to the drainage hole;

[0008] The permeable base layer comprises a concrete base layer and a crushed stone cushion layer, and the crushed stone cushion layer is laid on the surface of the permeable fabric layer.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the concrete base is 100-150 mm;

[0010] The crushed stone cushion layer has a thickness of 150-200 mm and is made of crushed stone or large-pore cement-stabilized crushed stone;

[0011] The thickness of the permeable pad is 15-30 mm;

[0012] The thickness of the support pad is 1-10 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the surface layer is made of a ceramic thick plate, and the water absorption rate of the ceramic thick plate does not exceed 0.5%;

[0014] A caulking layer is arranged between adjacent ceramic thick plates, and the caulking layer is made of coarse sand or a dry mixture of coarse sand and cement.

[0015] Preferably, the water-permeable pad is made of micro-foamed polypropylene; and the support pad is made of polyethylene.

[0016] Preferably, the water guide groove is located on the surface of the water-permeable pad, and the vertical permeability of the drainage hole is greater than 1 mm / sec;

[0017] The water absorption rate of the water-permeable pad is 0.15-0.3%, the elastic modulus is 7.5 MPa, and the tensile strength is 0.1 MPa.

[0018] Preferably, a boss is provided on the support pad, and the boss is located between adjacent surface layers, and the thickness of the boss is equal to the spacing between adjacent surface layers;

[0019] The thickness of the boss is 3-10 mm.

[0020] Preferably, the support pad is provided with a groove, a through hole and a groove, the groove is parallel to the edge of the surface layer, and the boss is located inside the groove;

[0021] The through holes are evenly distributed on the support pad, and the grooves are located on the surface of the support pad and are connected with the through holes.

[0022] Preferably, the concrete base layer is made of concrete material and laid on the surface of the crushed stone cushion layer. The concrete base layer has a porosity of 20-30%, a water-cement ratio of 0.22-0.45, and a flexural tensile strength of not less than 3.5 MPa at 28 days.

[0023] Preferably, the soil base layer is compacted plain soil with a compaction degree of 90-93% and a rebound modulus of not less than 30 MPa.

[0024] Preferably, a boundary structure is further provided, and the boundary structure is connected to the soil base layer; or,

[0025] A pipeline is arranged inside the boundary structure.

[0026] The implementation of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention prevents the soil base particles from infiltrating into the permeable base through the provision of a permeable fabric layer, thereby ensuring the water permeability of the permeable base and the stability of the soil base. Combined with the crushed stone cushion layer laid on the surface of the permeable fabric layer and the concrete base layer laid on the crushed stone cushion layer, the overall stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the pavement structure are greatly improved.

[0028] 2. The present invention supports and fixes the surface layer through the setting of the intermediate layer, increases the contact area between rainwater passing through the surface layer and the permeable base layer, and disperses the load on the surface layer to the permeable base layer, thereby alleviating the stress caused by the deformation of the permeable base layer on the ceramic thick plate of the surface layer, thereby improving the overall service life of the permeable paving system and meeting market demand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the ceramic thick plate water-permeable paving system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ceramic thick plate permeable paving system of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is hereby stated that the directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, etc. that appear or will appear in the text of the present invention are only based on the accompanying drawings of the present invention, and are not specific limitations of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, a ceramic thick plate permeable paving system of the present invention comprises a surface layer 1, an intermediate layer 2, a permeable base layer 3, a permeable fabric layer 4 and a soil base layer 5 which are arranged in sequence;

[0034] The permeable base layer 3 includes a concrete base layer 31 and a crushed stone cushion layer 32. The concrete base layer 31 is made of concrete material and laid on the surface of the crushed stone cushion layer 32.

[0035] The gravel cushion layer 32 is laid on the surface of the water-permeable fabric layer 4 .

[0036] The surface layer 1 is the section where the pavement system structure contacts the atmosphere. It is a window for realizing moisture and heat exchange with the atmosphere and directly bears traffic loads. Therefore, the surface layer of the ceramic thick plate is required to be strong, flat, durable, beautiful, and have good water permeability, construction convenience and economy. Therefore, in this embodiment, the surface layer 1 is made of ceramic thick plates, and a caulking layer 11 is provided between adjacent ceramic thick plates 1. The caulking layer 11 is made of coarse sand or a dry mixture of coarse sand and cement, which is used to ensure that rainwater can penetrate into the lower layer through the caulking layer 11 to achieve its water permeability function.

[0037] The ceramic thick plate used in the present invention refers to a ceramic plate with a thickness of more than 20 mm, and its water absorption rate does not exceed 0.5%, usually less than 0.1%. Table 1 is a comparison of various properties of ceramic thick plates and natural stones:

[0038] Table 1 Comparison of various properties of ceramic slabs and natural stone

[0039]

[0040] It can be seen from the above table that the various properties of ceramic slabs are significantly better than those of natural stones. Replacing natural stones with ceramic slabs for outdoor wall and floor decoration can reduce the mining of stone and protect the environment. In addition, ceramic slabs do not require maintenance in the later stage and have low maintenance costs.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the middle layer 2 is used to support and fix the surface layer, and keep the joints of the surface layer consistent, so as to alleviate the stress caused by the deformation of the permeable base layer 3 on the surface layer 1, thereby improving the overall service life of the permeable paving system, which includes a permeable pad 21 laid on the surface of the permeable base layer 2 and a support pad 22 located on the permeable pad 21, wherein the permeable pad 21 is made of micro-foamed polypropylene, which has the advantages of super strong shock resistance and energy absorption performance, high recovery rate after deformation, chemical corrosion resistance, oil resistance and good heat insulation, etc., and is recyclable and naturally degradable.

[0042] The thickness of the permeable pad 21 is 15-30mm, specifically 18mm, 20mm, 24mm or 28mm. It is laid on the surface of the permeable base layer 3 and is provided with a drainage hole 23 and a water guide groove 24 connected to the drainage hole 23. The water guide groove 24 is located on the surface of the permeable pad 21. Rainwater that passes through the surface layer flows into the drainage hole 23 through the water guide groove 24, and then flows to the permeable base layer 3 through the drainage hole 23. The vertical permeability of the drainage hole 23 is greater than 1mm / sec. The diameter of the drainage hole 23 can be enlarged according to actual needs to improve the vertical permeability, which is not limited to this embodiment.

[0043] Specifically, in order to meet the water permeability requirement, in this embodiment, every 100cm 2There are 3-5 drainage holes on the permeable pad, with a water absorption rate of 0.15-0.3%, an elastic modulus of 7.5MPa, a tensile strength of 0.1MPa, a tensile strength of 0.39MPa when compressed by 25%, 0.55MPa when compressed by 50%, and 0.94MPa when compressed by 75%.

[0044] In order to facilitate paving and match installation environments of different sizes and terrains, and realize infinite cascading between the permeable pads 21, the edge of the permeable pad 21 is also provided with a tongue and groove structure, which extends from the surface of the permeable pad 21 to the outside. The thickness of adjacent permeable pads 21 after splicing is consistent with the thickness of the permeable pad 21, and the contact surface between adjacent tongue and groove structures is a curved surface, which is used to improve the connection force between adjacent tongue and groove structures.

[0045] The thickness of the support pad 22 is 1-10mm, specifically, the thickness of the support pad is 3mm, 5mm, 7mm or 9mm. It is located on the permeable pad 21 and is made of polyethylene. It is used to support and fix the surface layer, keep the joints between adjacent surface layers consistent, and transfer and disperse the load on the surface layer. A boss 25 is provided thereon. The boss 25 is located between adjacent surface layers 1, that is, the spacing between adjacent surface layers 1 is equal to the thickness of the boss 25. The specific thickness is 3mm-10mm, specifically 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm or 9mm, and is set according to actual needs.

[0046] Because polyethylene material has the advantages of high strength, good toughness, strong load-bearing capacity, light weight, non-water absorption, oil resistance and corrosion resistance, it can provide stable support force as a support pad to ensure the overall bearing capacity of the permeable paving system.

[0047] In order to facilitate rainwater that passes through the thick ceramic plate of the surface layer to quickly penetrate into the base layer, a groove 26 is provided on the support pad 22. The groove 26 is parallel to the edge of the surface layer, and the boss 25 is located inside the groove 26, ensuring that rainwater that passes through the gap between the surface layers 1 flows into the permeable pad 21 through the groove 26, thereby ensuring the permeability of the permeable paving system.

[0048] Preferably, in order to allow rainwater on the support pad 22 to directly penetrate into the base layer, the support pad 22 is further provided with through holes 27 and grooves 28. The through holes 27 are evenly distributed on the support pad 22, and the grooves 28 are located on the surface of the support pad 22 and are connected to the through holes 27, so that rainwater on the surface of the support pad 22 can be introduced into the through holes 27 and discharged through the through holes 27, thereby ensuring the water seepage efficiency of the permeable paving system.

[0049] The permeable base layer 3 is used to bear the load of the surface layer 1 and the middle layer 2, and transfer the load to the soil base layer 5. It is also the key to the permeable and water-retaining functions of the permeable pavement system. Therefore, its compaction degree is not less than 93% and its rebound modulus is not less than 80MPa.

[0050] Specifically, the permeable base layer 3 includes a concrete base layer 31 and a crushed stone cushion layer 32, wherein the concrete base layer 31 is made of concrete material, has a thickness of 100-150 mm, is laid on the surface of the crushed stone cushion layer 32, has a porosity of 20-30%, a water-cement ratio of 0.3-0.45, and is 0.22-0.35 when a water-reducing agent is added. The flexural tensile strength of 28d (i.e. 28 days) is not less than 3.5MPa. The crushed stone cushion layer 32 has a thickness of 150-200mm and is laid on the surface of the permeable fabric layer 4. It is made of crushed stone or large-pore cement-stabilized crushed stone to improve the overall stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the permeable paving system.

[0051] The permeable fabric layer 4 is located between the permeable base layer 3 and the soil base layer 5, and is used to prevent water molecules from acting on the soil base layer 5, causing the soil base layer particles to reversely penetrate into the permeable base layer, causing the permeable base layer gaps to be blocked and the soil base layer to be lost, resulting in a decrease in the permeability of the permeable base layer, and also causing the soil base layer to be unstable, affecting the overall stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the permeable paving system. In this embodiment, the permeability of the permeable base layer 3 and the stability of the soil base layer 5 are guaranteed by the provision of the permeable fabric layer 4.

[0052] The soil base layer 5 is located at the bottom layer, which supports the permeable fabric layer, the permeable base layer 3, the middle layer 2 and the surface layer 1. The quality of the soil base layer 5 is the key to the entire permeable paving system. In this embodiment, the soil base layer 5 is compacted plain soil with a compaction degree of 90-93% and a rebound modulus of not less than 30MPa.

[0053] Accordingly, in order to prevent the limited permeability of the permeable pavement system and to make up for the permeability of the permeable pavement system, a boundary structure is also provided at the junction space between pedestrian walkways and green spaces, buildings or facilities, that is, the edge area of ​​the permeable pavement system. The boundary structure is directly connected to the soil base layer or has a pipe inside it. Rainwater is directly infiltrated into the soil base layer through the boundary structure or is recovered through the pipe to ensure the city's permeability. Specifically, the boundary structure is a pebble buffer zone boundary, an infiltrated rainwater boundary or a rainwater flower pool boundary.

[0054] The present invention prevents the particles of the soil base layer 5 from back-seeping into the permeable base layer 3 by setting the permeable fabric layer 4, thereby ensuring the permeability of the permeable base layer 3 and the stability of the soil base layer 5. In addition, the crushed stone cushion layer 32 laid on the surface of the permeable fabric layer 4 and the concrete base layer 31 laid on the crushed stone cushion layer 32 greatly improve the overall stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the pavement structure.

[0055] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ceramic thick plate permeable paving system, characterized in that: It includes a surface layer, an intermediate layer, a water-permeable base layer, a water-permeable fabric layer and a soil base layer which are arranged in sequence; The middle layer comprises a permeable pad laid on the surface of the permeable base layer and a support pad located on the permeable pad, wherein the permeable pad is provided with a drainage hole and a water guide groove connected to the drainage hole; The support pad is provided with grooves, through holes and grooves, the grooves are parallel to the edge of the surface layer; the through holes are evenly distributed on the support pad, the grooves are located on the surface of the support pad and are connected with the through holes; The permeable base layer includes a concrete base layer and a crushed stone cushion layer, and the crushed stone cushion layer is laid on the surface of the permeable fabric layer; The surface layer is made of a ceramic thick plate with a thickness of more than 20 mm, a water absorption rate of no more than 0.5%, and a density of 2.3-2.5×10 3 kg / m 3 , wear resistance ≥53 / cm 3 , destructive strength ≥10000N, flexural strength ≥40MPa, dry compression strength ≥160MPa.

2. The ceramic thick plate permeable paving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the concrete base is 100-150mm; The crushed stone cushion layer has a thickness of 150-200 mm and is made of crushed stone or large-pore cement-stabilized crushed stone; The thickness of the permeable pad is 15-30 mm; The thickness of the support pad is 1-10 mm.

3. The ceramic slab permeable paving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A caulking layer is arranged between adjacent ceramic thick plates, and the caulking layer is made of coarse sand or a dry mixture of coarse sand and cement.

4. The ceramic thick plate permeable paving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permeable pad is made of micro-foamed polypropylene; the supporting pad is made of polyethylene.

5. The ceramic thick plate permeable paving system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water guide groove is located on the surface of the water-permeable pad, and the vertical permeability of the drainage hole is greater than 1 mm / sec; The water absorption rate of the water-permeable pad is 0.15-0.3%, the elastic modulus is 7.5 MPa, and the tensile strength is 0.1 MPa.

6. The ceramic thick plate permeable paving system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support pad is provided with a boss, the boss is located between adjacent surface layers, and the thickness of the boss is equal to the distance between adjacent surface layers; The thickness of the boss is 3-10 mm.

7. The ceramic slab permeable paving system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The boss is located inside the groove.

8. The ceramic slab permeable paving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete base layer is made of concrete material and laid on the surface of the crushed stone cushion layer. The concrete base layer has a void ratio of 20-30%, a water-cement ratio of 0.22-0.45, and a 28d flexural tensile strength of not less than 3.5MPa.

9. The ceramic slab permeable paving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil base layer is compacted plain soil with a compaction degree of 90-93% and a rebound modulus of not less than 30 MPa.

10. The ceramic slab permeable paving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A boundary structure is also provided, and the boundary structure is connected to the soil base; or, A pipeline is arranged inside the boundary structure.

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