A hydraulic control system and working method for stepping template in vertical shaft construction

Abstract

The present invention provides a hydraulic control system and operating method for a stepping formwork in vertical shaft construction. The control system comprises a pump station, a gripper circuit, a formwork stepping circuit, and a formwork tightening circuit. The gripper circuit, formwork stepping circuit, and formwork tightening circuit are arranged in parallel. The system utilizes pilot hydraulic control. The system features reliable operation and ease of assembly and disassembly, meeting the explosion-proof and operational requirements of vertical shaft construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine vertical shaft construction, and in particular to a hydraulic control system and a working method for a stepping template for vertical shaft construction. Background Art

[0002] Currently, most formwork used to support reinforced concrete is moved manually, requiring manual movement after each drilling, blasting, and waste removal operation. This time-consuming operation significantly restricts shaft excavation speed. Furthermore, the labor intensity is high, and the harsh working environment in deep shafts threatens the safety of workers. Given this situation, there is an urgent need for a hydraulically driven step-through formwork system for shaft construction that can adapt to harsh operating environments and automatically move the formwork. This would significantly shorten the movement time, reduce worker labor intensity, increase shaft excavation speed, and enhance safety and reliability to ensure worker safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned construction technology and to propose a hydraulic control system and working method for a stepping template for vertical shaft construction.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A hydraulic control system for a stepping template for vertical shaft construction, comprising an oil tank, an oil inlet filter, an oil return filter, a main pump, an unloading valve block, an unloading handle, a first one-way valve, an auxiliary pump, a second overflow valve, a second one-way valve, a first manual reversing valve, a second manual reversing valve, a third manual reversing valve, a first joystick, a second joystick, a third joystick, a fourth joystick, a fifth joystick, a sixth joystick, a seventh joystick, an eighth joystick, a ninth joystick, a second shuttle valve, a first main valve, a second main valve, a first shuttle valve, a third main valve, a fourth main valve, a fifth main valve, a sixth main valve, a seventh main valve, an eighth main valve, a horizontal oil cylinder group I, a horizontal oil cylinder group II, a template tightening oil cylinder group I, a template tightening oil cylinder group II, a vertical oil cylinder group, and a pressure gauge assembly, wherein the oil A first pipeline is provided on the box, and the first pipeline is respectively connected to the first main valve, the second main valve, the third main valve, the fourth main valve, the fifth main valve, the sixth main valve, the seventh main valve, and the eighth main valve. A second pipeline is provided between the oil tank and the pressure gauge assembly, a third pipeline is provided between the accumulator I and the pressure gauge assembly, a fourth pipeline is provided between the accumulator II and the pressure gauge assembly, a fifth pipeline is provided between the accumulator III and the pressure gauge assembly, and a sixth pipeline is provided between the accumulator IV and the pressure gauge assembly. A seventh pipeline is provided on the first pipeline, and the seventh pipeline is connected to the first main valve, the second main valve, the third main valve, the fourth main valve, the fifth main valve, the sixth main valve, the seventh main valve, and the eighth main valve in sequence. An eighth pipeline is provided between the oil tank and the second manual reversing valve, and an eighth pipeline is provided between the oil tank and the first manual reversing valve. A ninth pipeline is provided, an eighth pipeline is connected to the ninth pipeline, the second overflow valve is located on the pipeline, the second manual reversing valve and the third manual reversing valve are respectively connected to the first manual reversing valve, the first joystick, the second joystick, the third joystick, the fourth joystick, the fifth joystick, the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick, the eighth joystick, and the ninth joystick are connected in sequence with a tenth pipeline, the second manual reversing valve is provided with an eleventh pipeline respectively connected to the first joystick and the second joystick, and a twelfth pipeline respectively connected to the third joystick and the fourth joystick, a thirteenth pipeline is provided between the fifth joystick, the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick, the eighth joystick, and the ninth joystick, and the third manual reversing valve is connected to the thirteenth pipeline. The eighth pipeline is provided with pipelines respectively connected to the third manual reversing valve and the fifth joystick, the first main valve is connected to the horizontal cylinder group I, the second main valve is connected to the horizontal cylinder group II, the third main valve is connected to the template tightening cylinder group I, the fourth main valve is connected to the template tightening cylinder group II, the vertical cylinder group is respectively connected to the fifth main valve, the sixth main valve, the seventh main valve, and the eighth main valve, the first shuttle valve is respectively connected to the first joystick, the second joystick, the third joystick, the fourth joystick, the first main valve, the second main valve, the horizontal cylinder group I, the horizontal cylinder group II, the third main valve, the fourth main valve, the template tightening cylinder group I, and the template tightening cylinder group II, the fifth joystick, the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick, and the eighth joystick are respectively provided with two second shuttle valves,The fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth joysticks are interconnected via respective second shuttle valves. The return oil filter is located on the first pipeline. The inlet oil filter, main pump, unloading valve block, and first one-way valve are sequentially located on the second pipeline. The unloading valve block also connects the first and second pipelines. The unloading valve block has a built-in unloading handle. The auxiliary pump and second one-way valve are located on the ninth pipeline.

[0006] As a further preferred solution, the accumulator I is connected to the third pipeline, the accumulator II is connected to the fourth pipeline, the accumulator III is connected to the fifth pipeline, and the accumulator IV is connected to the sixth pipeline.

[0007] As a further preferred solution, each of the pipelines connecting the first operating lever, the second operating lever, the third operating lever and the fourth operating lever to the first shuttle valve is provided with a hydraulically controlled one-way valve.

[0008] As a further preferred solution, a first overflow valve is provided between the first pipeline and the second pipeline.

[0009] As a further preferred solution, the main pump and the auxiliary pump are respectively provided with motors for driving.

[0010] As a further preferred solution, the horizontal cylinder group I, horizontal cylinder group II, template tightening cylinder group I, template tightening cylinder group II, and vertical cylinder group all have a built-in hydraulic lock.

[0011] A working method of a hydraulic control system for a stepping template in vertical shaft construction, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Shoe support circuit and retraction process: The motor drives the main pump and the auxiliary pump, the first manual reversing valve is in the left position, the second manual reversing valve is in the left position, and the pilot oil flows through the second one-way valve and the first manual reversing valve to the first joystick and the second joystick; by operating the first joystick and the second joystick to the front position switch, the pilot oil makes the first main valve and the second main valve in the left position, so that the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit makes the rodless cavity of the horizontal cylinder group I and the horizontal cylinder group II complete the extension; by operating the first joystick and the second joystick to the middle position, the reset spring makes the first main valve and the second main valve in the middle position, and the horizontal cylinder group I and the horizontal cylinder group II are hydraulically locked. The high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit is locked, and the pressure is maintained by accumulators I and II respectively. The circuit realizes the holding shoe, and the readings of pressure gauges I and II are observed to determine whether the holding shoe is in place. By operating the first and second joysticks to the rear position switches, the pilot oil drives the first and second main valves to the right position, so that the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rod chambers of horizontal cylinder group I and horizontal cylinder group II to complete their contraction, and the circuit realizes well wall separation. When the second manual reversing valve is in the middle position, the pilot oil flows back to the oil tank. This circuit realizes the holding shoe operation and well wall separation operation of the two groups of horizontal cylinders, and realizes the grouped and independent control of the two groups of horizontal cylinders.

[0013] : Step 2: Stepping and retraction process of the stepping circuit: When the template needs to be operated to step, first put the second manual reversing valve in the middle position, the first manual reversing valve in the right position, and the third manual reversing valve in the left position. The pilot oil flows through the third manual reversing valve to the fifth joystick, the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick, the eighth joystick, and the ninth joystick; by operating the fifth joystick, the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick, and the eighth joystick to the front position switch, the pilot oil drives the fifth main valve, the sixth main valve, the seventh main valve, and the eighth main valve to the left position, and the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rodless cavity of each vertical cylinder to complete its extension, and the circuit realizes the stepping of the template; by operating the fifth joystick, the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick, and the eighth joystick to the middle position switch, the reset spring makes the fifth main valve, the sixth main valve, the seventh main valve, and the eighth main valve in the middle position, and each vertical cylinder is connected to the middle position switch. The high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit is locked by the hydraulic lock, and the circuit is fixed; by operating the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth operating levers to the rear position switch, the pilot oil drives the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth main valves to the right position, and the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rod chamber of each vertical cylinder to complete its contraction; in this circuit, the front and rear position switches of the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth operating levers are connected to the front and rear position switches of the ninth operating lever respectively through the second shuttle valve; the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth main valves can be simultaneously placed in different positions by operating the ninth operating lever, so that each vertical cylinder can complete the corresponding action synchronously; when the third manual reversing valve is in the right position, the pilot oil flows back to the oil tank. This circuit not only realizes the group control of the vertical cylinders, but also realizes the individual control of each cylinder;

[0014] Step 3: The tightening and retraction process of the template tightening circuit: the first manual reversing valve is in the left position, the second manual reversing valve is in the right position, and the pilot oil flows to the third and fourth joysticks through the first manual reversing valve and the second manual reversing valve; by operating the third joystick and the fourth joystick to the front switch, the pilot oil drives the third main valve and the fourth main valve to the left position, so that the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rodless cavity of the template tightening cylinder group I and the template tightening cylinder group II to complete the extension until the template moves to the predetermined position; by operating the third joystick and the fourth joystick to the middle position, the reset spring makes the third main valve and the fourth main valve in the middle position, and the template tightening cylinder group I and the template tightening cylinder group II are open. The high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit is locked by the hydraulic lock, and the pressure is maintained by accumulators III and IV. The circuit realizes the template tightening, and the readings of pressure gauges III and IV are observed to determine whether the tightening is in place. By operating the third and fourth joysticks to the rear position switches, the pilot oil drives the third and fourth main valves to the right position, and the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rod chambers of template tightening cylinder group I and template tightening cylinder group II to complete their contraction, and the circuit realizes well wall separation. When the second manual reversing valve is in the middle position, the pilot oil flows back to the oil tank. This circuit realizes the template tightening operation and well wall separation operation of the two groups of template tightening cylinders, and realizes the grouped and independent control of the two groups of template tightening cylinders.

[0015] Step 4: After a working cycle is completed and the concrete solidifies, when blasting is required at the vertical shaft excavation working face, the oil cylinder is tightened and the accumulator maintains pressure. The pilot circuit and the main oil circuit are disconnected from the main valve, and the pump station and operating valve are transported away from the working face by a bucket. The corresponding pipelines are then connected to start the next working cycle.

[0016] After derrick hoists and puts in place, stamp fixedly derrick of derrick pin, make said derrick pin by two-spoke designates that be set as is, when cement and the base are located in the oil drain plug, and cement and the base are located in the oil drain plug, and cement and the base are located in the oil drain plug, and cement and the base are located in the oil drain plug, and the base are located in the oil drain plug The front and rear position switches of the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick and the eighth joystick are respectively connected in series with the front and rear position switches of the ninth joystick, thereby realizing the synchronous movement of the four vertical cylinders; at the same time, the corresponding vertical cylinders can be adjusted respectively by operating the fifth joystick, the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick and the eighth joystick separately; 2. After completing the operation, the unloading handle can be directly operated to unload the main pump and flow back to the oil tank, thereby reducing the power loss of the system and reducing the heating of the system oil; the support shoe circuit is locked by the hydraulic lock, and the oil pressure is provided to the horizontal cylinder group I and the horizontal cylinder group II respectively through the accumulator I and the accumulator II; the accumulator III and the accumulator IV provide oil pressure to the template tightening cylinder group I and the template tightening cylinder group II respectively, thereby ensuring that the oil pressure reduced due to leakage is replenished in time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic control system for the stepping template for vertical shaft construction of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stepping template for vertical shaft construction of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a plan view of the gripper;

[0020] Figure 4 It is the top view of the template plane;

[0021] In the figure, 1- oil tank, 2- oil inlet filter, 3- oil return filter, 4- motor, 5- main pump, 6- unloading valve block, 7- unloading handle, 8- first relief valve, 9- first check valve, 10- auxiliary pump, 11- second relief valve, 12- second check valve, 13- first manual reversing valve, 14- second manual reversing valve, 15- third manual reversing valve, 16- first joystick, 17- second joystick, 18- third joystick, 19- fourth joystick, 20- fifth joystick, 21- sixth joystick, 22- seventh joystick, 23- eighth joystick, 24 -Ninth joystick, 25-hydraulic controlled one-way valve, 26-second shuttle valve, 27-first master valve, 28-second master valve, 29-first shuttle valve, 30-third master valve, 31-fourth master valve, 32-fifth master valve, 33-sixth master valve, 34-seventh master valve, 35-eighth master valve, 36-hydraulic lock, 37-horizontal cylinder group I, 38-horizontal cylinder group II, 39-template supporting cylinder group I, 40-template supporting cylinder group II, 41-vertical cylinder group, 42-accumulator I, 43-accumulator II, 44-accumulator III, 45-accumulator IV, 46-pressure gauge assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a schematic diagram of a hydraulic control system for a stepping formwork for vertical shaft construction includes a pump station 1, an auxiliary pump 10, a support shoe circuit, a stepping circuit and a formwork tightening circuit; the support shoe circuit, the stepping circuit and the formwork tightening circuit are arranged in parallel with each other.

[0024] The pump station 1 includes an oil tank 1, an oil inlet filter 2, a motor 4, a main pump 5, an unloading valve block 6, and an oil return filter 3. The oil inlet end of the oil inlet filter 2 is connected to the oil tank 1; the oil outlet end of the oil inlet filter 2 is connected to the oil inlet of the main pump 5. The motor 4 is used to drive the main pump 5, which is connected to the unloading valve block 6 and the oil return filter 3 back to the oil tank 1.

[0025] The support shoe circuit includes a pilot circuit I and a main oil circuit I; the pilot circuit I includes a first manual reversing valve 13, a second manual reversing valve 14, a first joystick 16, and a second joystick 17; the first manual reversing valve 13 is a spring-return two-position three-way reversing valve; when the first manual reversing valve 13 is in the left position, oil port a and oil port b are connected, and oil port c is closed; when the first manual reversing valve 13 is in the right position, oil port a and oil port c are connected, and oil port b is closed; the second manual reversing valve 14 is a steel ball-positioned three-position four-way reversing valve; when the second manual reversing valve 14 is in the middle position, oil port f, oil port g and oil port d are connected, and oil port e is closed; when the second manual reversing valve 14 is in the left position, oil port e and oil port f are connected, and oil port d and oil port g are connected. Connected; When the second manual reversing valve 14 is in the right position, the d oil port and the f oil port are connected, and the e oil port and the g oil port are connected; the first manual reversing valve 13a oil port is connected to the auxiliary pump 10 oil outlet through the second one-way valve 12; the first manual reversing valve 13b oil port is connected to the second manual reversing valve 14e oil port; the second manual reversing valve 14f oil port is connected to the first joystick 16h1, m1 oil port; the second manual reversing valve 14f oil port is also connected to the second joystick 17h2, m2 oil port; the second manual reversing valve 14d oil port is connected back to the fuel tank 1; the first joystick 16i1 oil port and the second joystick 17i2 oil port are respectively connected to the left control oil port of the first main valve 27 and the left control oil port of the second main valve 28; The first operating lever 16l1 oil port and the second operating lever 17l2 oil port are respectively connected to the right control oil port of the first main valve 27 and the right control oil port of the second main valve 28 through a hydraulically controlled one-way valve 25; the control oil ports of the hydraulically controlled one-way valve 25 are connected to the oil outlet of the first shuttle valve 29; the left oil inlet of the first shuttle valve 29 is connected to the rodless cavity oil port of the horizontal cylinder group II 38; the right oil inlet of the first shuttle valve 29 is connected to the rodless cavity oil port of the template tightening cylinder group I 39; the first operating j1 oil port, k1 oil port and the second operating lever 17j2 oil port, k2 oil port are all connected back to the oil tank 1; the main oil circuit I includes the first main valve 27, the second main valve 28, the horizontal cylinder group I, the horizontal cylinder Group II 38, accumulator I 42, accumulator II 43; the first main valve 27 and the second main valve 28 are both hydraulically controlled three-position four-way reversing valves; when the first main valve 27 is in the neutral position, the n1 oil port, the o1 oil port, the p1 oil port, and the q1 oil port are all disconnected; when the first main valve 27 is in the left position, the o1 oil port and the p1 oil port are connected, and the n1 oil port and the q1 oil port are connected; when the first main valve 27 is in the right position, the o1 oil port and the q1 oil port are connected, and the n1 oil port and the p1 oil port are connected; when the second main valve 28 is in the neutral position, the n2 oil port, the o2 oil port, the p2 oil port, and the q2 oil port are all disconnected; when the second main valve 28 is in the left position, the o2 oil port and the p2 oil port are connected, and the n2 oil port and the q2 oil port are connected;When the second main valve 28 is in the right position, the oil port o2 is connected to the oil port q2, and the oil port n2 is connected to the oil port p2; the oil port of the first main valve 27o1 is connected to the oil outlet of the pump station 1 through the first one-way valve 9; the oil port of the first main valve 27p1 is connected to the rodless cavity oil port of the horizontal cylinder group I; the oil port of the first main valve 27q1 is connected to the rod cavity oil port of the horizontal cylinder group I; the rodless cavity oil port of the horizontal cylinder group I is also connected to the accumulator I 42; the accumulator I 42 It is also connected to the pressure gauge 1 in the pressure gauge assembly 46; the oil port of the first main valve 27n1 is connected to the oil tank 1 through the return oil filter 3; the oil outlet of the pump station 1 is also connected to the oil port of the second main valve 28o2; the oil port of the second main valve 28p2 is connected to the rodless cavity oil port of the horizontal cylinder group II 38; the oil port of the second main valve 28q2 is connected to the rod cavity oil port of the horizontal cylinder group II 38; the rodless cavity oil port of the horizontal cylinder group II 38 is also connected to the accumulator II 43; the accumulator Ⅱ43 is also connected to the second pressure gauge in the pressure gauge assembly 46; the oil port of the second main valve 28n2 is connected back to the oil tank 1 through the return oil filter 3; the horizontal cylinder group I includes 4 horizontally installed cylinders and 4 hydraulic locks 36; the hydraulic locks 36 are composed of 2 hydraulically controlled one-way valves 25; after each cylinder is connected to a hydraulic lock 36, the rodless cavity oil port is connected in parallel to the p1 oil port of the first main valve 27, and the rod cavity oil port is connected in parallel to the q1 oil port of the first main valve 27; the rodless cavity oil ports of the 4 horizontal cylinders are connected in parallel to the p1 oil port of the first main valve 27. The rod chamber oil port is also connected to the accumulator I 42, which can maintain pressure. The horizontal cylinder group II 38 includes four horizontally mounted cylinders and four hydraulic locks 36. After each cylinder is connected to a hydraulic lock 36, the rodless chamber oil port is connected in parallel to the p2 oil port of the second main valve 28, and the rod chamber oil port is connected in parallel to the q2 oil port of the second main valve 28. The rodless chamber oil ports of the four horizontal cylinders are also connected to the accumulator II 43, which can maintain pressure.

[0026] The stepping circuit includes a pilot circuit II and a main oil circuit II; the pilot circuit II includes a third manual reversing valve 15, a fifth operating lever 20, a sixth operating lever 21, a seventh operating lever 22, an eighth operating lever 23, a ninth operating lever 24 and eight second shuttle valves 26; the third manual reversing valve 15 is a two-position three-way reversing valve with a steel ball positioning; when the third manual reversing valve 15 is in the left position, the r oil port and the s oil port are connected, and the t oil port is closed; when the third manual reversing valve 15 is in the right position, the s oil port and the t oil port are connected, and the r oil port is closed; the fifth operating lever 20, the sixth operating lever 21, the seventh operating lever 22, the eighth operating lever 23 and the ninth operating lever 24 are all connected in parallel; the fifth operating lever 20h5 oil port, the m5 oil port, the sixth operating lever 21 The h6 oil port, m6 oil port, the seventh operating lever 22h7 oil port, m7 oil port, the eighth operating lever 23h8 oil port, m8 oil port and the ninth operating lever 24h9 oil port, m9 oil port are all connected to the third manual reversing valve 15s oil port; the fifth operating lever 20i5 oil port, the sixth operating lever 21i6 oil port, the seventh operating lever 22i7 oil port and the eighth operating lever 23i8 oil port are respectively connected to the ninth operating lever 24i9 oil port through a second shuttle valve 26; the fifth operating lever 20l5 oil port, the sixth operating lever 21l6 oil port, the seventh operating lever 22l7 oil port and the eighth operating lever 23l8 oil port are respectively connected to the ninth operating lever 24l9 oil port through a second shuttle valve 26; the second shuttle valve 26c15 oil outlet, c16 oil outlet , c17 oil outlet, c18 oil outlet are respectively connected to the left control oil port of the fifth main valve 32, the left control oil port of the sixth main valve 33, the left control oil port of the seventh main valve 34 and the left control oil port of the eighth main valve 35; the d15 oil outlet, d16 oil outlet, d17 oil outlet, d18 oil outlet of the second shuttle valve 26 are respectively connected to the right control oil port of the fifth main valve 32, the right control oil port of the sixth main valve 33, the right control oil port of the seventh main valve 34 and the right control oil port of the eighth main valve 35; the j5 oil port, k5 oil port of the fifth operating lever 20, the j6 oil port, k6 oil port of the sixth operating lever 21, the j7 oil port, k7 oil port of the seventh operating lever 22, the j8 oil port, k8 oil port of the eighth operating lever 23 and the j9 oil port, k9 oil port of the ninth operating lever 24 are all connected back Fuel tank 1; the main oil circuit II includes a fifth main valve 32, a sixth main valve 33, a seventh main valve 34, an eighth main valve 35, four hydraulic locks 36 and four vertical cylinders; the fifth main valve 32, the sixth main valve 33, the seventh main valve 34 and the eighth main valve 35 are all hydraulically controlled three-position four-way reversing valves; when the fifth main valve 32 is in the neutral state, the n5 oil port, the o5 oil port, the p5 oil port and the q5 oil port are all disconnected; when the fifth main valve 32 is in the left position, the o5 oil port and the p5 oil port are connected, and the n5 oil port and the q5 oil port are connected; when the fifth main valve 32 is in the right position, the o5 oil port and the q5 oil port are connected, and the n5 oil port and the p5 oil port are connected; when the sixth main valve 33 is in the neutral state, the n6 oil port, the o6 oil port, the p6 oil port and the q6 oil port are all disconnected;When the sixth main valve 33 is in the left position, the O6 oil port is connected to the P6 oil port, and the N6 oil port is connected to the Q6 oil port; when the sixth main valve 33 is in the right position, the O6 oil port is connected to the Q6 oil port, and the N6 oil port is connected to the P6 oil port; when the seventh main valve 34 is in the middle position, the N7 oil port, the O7 oil port, the P7 oil port and the Q7 oil port are not connected; when the seventh main valve 34 is in the left position, the O7 oil port is connected to the P7 oil port, N7 oil port and Q7 oil port are connected; when the seventh main valve 34 is in the right position, O7 oil port and Q7 oil port are connected, and N7 oil port and P7 oil port are connected; when the eighth main valve 35 is in the middle position, N8 oil port, O8 oil port, P8 oil port and Q8 oil port are not connected; when the eighth main valve 35 is in the left position, O8 oil port and P8 oil port are connected, and N8 oil port and Q8 oil port are connected; when the eighth main valve 35 is in the right position, The o8 oil port is connected to the q8 oil port, and the n8 oil port is connected to the p8 oil port; the fifth main valve 32o5 oil port, the sixth main valve 33o6 oil port, the seventh main valve 34o7 oil port and the eighth main valve 35o8 oil port are connected to the oil outlet of the pump station 1 through the first check valve 9; the fifth main valve 32p5 oil port, the sixth main valve 33p6 oil port, the seventh main valve 34p7 oil port and the eighth main valve 35p8 oil port are connected to the oil outlet of the pump station 1 through the first check valve 9; The corresponding ports are connected to the rodless chamber oil ports of the vertical cylinder. The oil ports of the fifth main valve 32q5, sixth main valve 33q6, seventh main valve 34q7, and eighth main valve 35q8 are respectively connected to the corresponding rod chamber oil ports of the vertical cylinder through hydraulic locks 36. The oil ports of the fifth main valve 32n5, sixth main valve 33n6, seventh main valve 34n7, and eighth main valve 35n8 are all connected back to the oil tank 1 through the return oil filter 3.

[0027] The template tightening circuit includes a pilot circuit III and a main oil circuit III. The third control lever 18h3 and m3 oil ports in the pilot circuit III are connected to the second manual reversing valve 14g oil port. The second manual reversing valve 14g oil port is also connected to the fourth control lever 19h4 and m4 oil ports. The third control lever 18i3 oil port and the fourth control lever 19i4 oil port are connected to the left control oil port of the third main valve 30 and the left control oil port of the fourth main valve 31, respectively. The oil port of the third operating lever 18l3 and the oil port of the fourth operating lever 19l4 are respectively connected to the right control oil port of the third main valve 30 and the right control oil port of the fourth main valve 31 through a hydraulically controlled one-way valve 25; the control oil ports of the hydraulically controlled one-way valve 25 are all connected to the oil outlet of the first shuttle valve 29; the oil ports and k3 of the third operating lever 18j3 and the oil ports and k4 of the fourth operating lever 19j4 are all connected back to the oil tank 1; the main oil circuit III includes the third main valve 30, the fourth main valve 31, the template tightening cylinder group I 39, the template tightening cylinder group II 40, the accumulator III 44, and the accumulator IV 45; the third main valve 30, the first The four main valves 31 are all hydraulically controlled three-position four-way reversing valves; when the third main valve 30 is in the middle position, the n3 oil port, o3 oil port, p3 oil port and q3 oil port are all disconnected; when the third main valve 30 is in the left position, the o3 oil port is connected to the p3 oil port, and the n3 oil port is connected to the q3 oil port; when the third main valve 30 is in the right position, the o3 oil port is connected to the q3 oil port, and the n3 oil port is connected to the p3 oil port; when the fourth main valve 31 is in the middle position, the n4 oil port, o4 oil port, p4 oil port and q4 oil port are all disconnected; when the fourth main valve 31 is in the left position, the o4 oil port is connected to the p4 oil port, and the n4 oil port is connected to the q4 oil port; When the four main valves 31 are in the right position, the o4 oil port is connected to the q4 oil port, and the n4 oil port is connected to the p4 oil port; the third main valve 30o3 oil port is connected to the oil outlet of the pump station 1; the third main valve 30p3 oil port is connected to the rodless cavity oil port of the template tightening oil cylinder group Ⅰ39; the third main valve 30q3 oil port is connected to the rod cavity oil port of the template tightening oil cylinder group Ⅰ39; the rodless cavity oil port of the template tightening oil cylinder group Ⅰ39 is also connected to the accumulator Ⅲ44; the accumulator Ⅲ44 is also connected to the pressure gauge 3 in the pressure gauge assembly 46; the third main valve 30n3 oil port is connected back to the oil tank 1 through the return oil filter 3; the oil outlet of the pump station 1 ... Connected to the oil port of the fourth main valve 31o4; the oil port of the fourth main valve 31p4 is connected to the rodless chamber oil port of the template tightening oil cylinder group II 40; the oil port of the fourth main valve 31q4 is connected to the rod chamber oil port of the template tightening oil cylinder group II 40; the rodless chamber oil port of the template tightening oil cylinder group II 40 is also connected to the accumulator IV 45; the accumulator IV 45 is also connected to pressure gauge 4 in the pressure gauge assembly 46; the oil port of the fourth main valve 31n4 is connected back to the oil tank 1 through the return oil filter 3; the template tightening oil cylinder group I 39 includes three horizontally mounted oil cylinders and three hydraulic locks 36; the hydraulic lock 36 is composed of two hydraulically controlled one-way valves 25;After each cylinder is connected to a hydraulic lock 36, its rodless chamber oil port is connected in parallel to the third main valve 30p3 port, and its rod chamber oil port is connected in parallel to the third main valve 30q3 port. The rodless chamber oil ports of the three horizontal cylinders are also connected to the accumulator III 44, which can maintain pressure. The template tightening cylinder group II 40 includes three horizontally mounted cylinders and three hydraulic locks 36. After each cylinder is connected to a hydraulic lock 36, its rodless chamber oil port is connected in parallel to the fourth main valve 31p4 port, and its rod chamber oil port is connected in parallel to the fourth main valve 31q4 port. The rodless chamber oil ports of the three horizontal cylinders are also connected to the accumulator IV 45, which can maintain pressure.

[0028] As attached Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the working process of a hydraulic control system for a stepping formwork in vertical shaft construction includes the shoe gripping and retraction process of the gripper circuit, the stepping and retraction process of the stepping circuit, and the tightening and retraction process of the formwork tightening circuit:

[0029] 1) Gripper circuit Gripper and retraction process: Motor 4 drives main pump 5 and auxiliary pump 10, pilot oil flows through second one-way valve 12 to oil port of first manual reversing valve 13a, first manual reversing valve 13 is in left position, second manual reversing valve 14 is in left position, pilot oil flows through oil port of first manual reversing valve 13b, oil port and oil port of second manual reversing valve 14e and oil port f to oil port 16h1 and oil port m1 of first operating lever and oil port 17h1 and oil port m1 of second operating lever, respectively, to operate first operating lever 1 6 and the second operating lever 17, so that they are respectively in the front position switch, the h1 oil port is connected to the i1 oil port, the h2 oil port is connected to the i2 oil port, the pilot oil drives the first main valve 27 and the second main valve 28 to the left position, and the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rodless cavity of the horizontal cylinder group I and the horizontal cylinder group II 38 to complete the extension; the pilot oil flows back to the oil tank 1 through the first operating lever 16l1 oil port, h1 oil port and the second operating lever 17l2 oil port, h2 oil port; respectively operate the first operating lever 16 and the second operating lever 17, so that they are in the middle position respectively, the return spring makes the first main valve 27 and the second main valve 28 in the middle position, the horizontal cylinder group I and the horizontal cylinder group II 38 lock the high pressure oil in the main oil circuit through the hydraulic lock 36, and the accumulator I 42 and the accumulator II 43 respectively maintain the pressure, the circuit realizes the shoe, and the readings of the pressure gauge 1 and the pressure gauge 2 are observed to determine whether the shoe is in place; operate the first joystick 16 and the second joystick 17 respectively, so that they are in the rear position switch respectively, the oil port M1 and the oil port L1 are opened. With ports M2 and L2 connected, pilot oil forces first and second main valves 27 and 28 to the right position. High-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rod chambers of horizontal cylinder group I and horizontal cylinder group II 38, causing them to retract, thus achieving wellbore separation. Pilot oil flows back to tank 1 through ports i1 and j1 of the first operating lever 16 and ports i2 and j2 of the second operating lever 17. When second manual reversing valve 14 is in the neutral position, pilot oil flows back to tank 1 through port d of the second manual reversing valve 14. This circuit enables gripper operation of the two groups of horizontal cylinders, wellbore separation, and separate grouping and control of the two groups of horizontal cylinders.

[0030] 2) Stepping and retracting process of the stepping circuit: When the template needs to be operated to step, first put the second manual reversing valve 14 in the middle position, the first manual reversing valve 13 in the right position, and the third manual reversing valve 15 in the left position. The pilot oil flows through the third manual reversing valve 15r oil port and s oil port to the fifth control rod 20h5 oil port and m5 oil port, the sixth control rod 21h6 oil port and m6 oil port, the seventh control rod 22h7 oil port and m7 oil port, the eighth control rod 23h8 oil port and m8 oil port and the ninth control rod 24h9 oil port and m9 oil port respectively; operate the fifth control rod 20, the sixth control rod 21, the seventh control rod 22 and the eighth control rod 23 respectively to make them in the middle position. At the front switch, h5 oil port is connected to i5 oil port, h6 oil port is connected to i6 oil port, h7 oil port is connected to i7 oil port, h8 oil port is connected to i8 oil port, and the pilot oil drives the fifth main valve 32, the sixth main valve 33, the seventh main valve 34 and the eighth main valve 35 to be in the left position, and the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rodless cavity of each vertical cylinder to complete its extension, and the circuit realizes the template stepping; the pilot oil flows back to the oil tank 1 through l5 oil port, h5 oil port, l6 oil port, h6 oil port, l7 oil port, h7 oil port and l8 oil port, h8 oil port respectively; operate the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth control levers 23 respectively to make them respectively in the middle switch, and the return spring makes the fifth main valve 3 2. The sixth main valve 33, the seventh main valve 34 and the eighth main valve 35 are in the middle position. The high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit is locked by the hydraulic lock 36 of each vertical oil cylinder, and the circuit is fixed; the fifth operating lever 20, the sixth operating lever 21, the seventh operating lever 22 and the eighth operating lever 23 are respectively operated to make them respectively in the rear position switch position, the m5 oil port is connected to the l5 oil port, the m6 oil port is connected to the l6 oil port, the m7 oil port is connected to the l7 oil port, and the m8 oil port is connected to the l8 oil port. The pilot oil drives the fifth main valve 32, the sixth main valve 33, the seventh main valve 34 and the eighth main valve 35 to the right position, and the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rod chamber of each vertical oil cylinder to complete its contraction; the pilot oil is respectively driven by The oil flows back to the fuel tank 1 through ports i5 and j5, i6 and j6, i7 and j7, and i8 and j8. In this circuit, the forward and rearward position switches of the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth control levers 20, 21, 22, and 23 are connected in series with the forward and rearward position switches of the ninth control lever 24 via the second shuttle valve 26. By operating the ninth control lever 24, the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth main valves 32, 33, 34, and 35 can be simultaneously positioned, allowing the vertical cylinders to perform their corresponding operations synchronously. When the third manual reversing valve 15 is in the right position, the pilot oil flows back to the fuel tank 1 through port 15t of the third manual reversing valve 15. This circuit not only enables group control of the vertical cylinders, but also individual control of each cylinder.

[0031] 3) The tightening and retraction process of the template tightening circuit: the first manual reversing valve 13 is in the left position, the second manual reversing valve 14 is in the right position, and the pilot oil flows through the first manual reversing valve 13b oil port, the second manual reversing valve 14e oil port and the g oil port to the third operating lever 18h3 oil port, m3 oil port and the fourth operating lever 19h4 oil port, m4 oil port, respectively operate the third operating lever 18 and the fourth operating lever 19 to respectively be in the front position switch, the h3 oil port and the i3 oil port are connected, and the h4 oil port is connected. The port and the i4 oil port are connected, the pilot oil drives the third main valve 30 and the fourth main valve 31 to the left position, and the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rodless chamber of the template tightening oil cylinder group I 39 and the template tightening oil cylinder group II 40 to complete the extension until the template moves to the predetermined position; the pilot oil flows back to the oil tank 1 through the third operating rod 18l3 oil port, h3 oil port and the fourth operating rod 19l4 oil port, h4 oil port; respectively operate the third operating rod 18 and the fourth operating rod 19 to make them respectively in the middle position, and the return spring Make the third main valve 30 and the fourth main valve 31 in the middle position, and the template tightening oil cylinder group I 39 and the template tightening oil cylinder group II 40 lock the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit through the hydraulic lock 36, and the accumulator III 44 and the accumulator IV 45 maintain the pressure, so that the circuit can tighten the template, and judge whether it is tightened in place by observing the readings of pressure gauges 3 and 4; operate the third operating lever 18 and the fourth operating lever 19 respectively to make them in the rear position switch respectively, the M3 oil port and the L3 oil port are connected, and the M4 oil port is Connected to port l4, pilot oil drives the third and fourth main valves 30 and 31 to the right position. High-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rod chambers of template tensioning cylinder group I 39 and template tensioning cylinder group II 40, causing them to complete contraction, thus achieving wellbore separation. Pilot oil flows back to tank 1 through ports i3 and j3 of the third operating lever 18 and ports i4 and j4 of the fourth operating lever 19. When the second manual reversing valve 14 is in the neutral position, pilot oil flows back to tank 1 through port d of the second manual reversing valve 14. This circuit implements template tensioning and wellbore separation operations for the two groups of template tensioning cylinders, and enables separate group control of the two groups of template tensioning cylinders.

[0032] The combination of the two actions of the above three loops can realize the movement of the system-driven mechanism and the fixedness of the scale wall.

[0033] When the system is inactive for more than 10 minutes, open the unloading handle 7 on the pump station to unload the pump station; when the system is inactive for more than 20 minutes, confirm that the oil cylinder pressure of the support shoe 71 is normal, cut off the power supply, shut down the system, maintain the pressure of the support shoe circuit, and tighten and fix the support shoe template on the well wall.

[0034] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, the hydraulic device includes a support shoe system and a template stepping system; the support shoe system is composed of two groups (4 in each group) of horizontal cylinders to realize the support shoe 71 to tighten or detach from the well wall; the template stepping system is composed of four groups (1 in each group) of vertical cylinders to realize the stepping of the template 73; the support shoe system and the template stepping system adopt alternating operation to complete a working cycle. After the concrete solidifies, when the vertical shaft excavation working face needs to be blasted, it is controlled by the control valve 77, the support cylinder is pressurized by the accumulator group 75, and the pilot circuit and the main oil circuit are disconnected from the main valve 74. After that, the pump station 76 and the operating valve are transported away from the working face by the wire rope 78 of the bucket, and the corresponding pipelines are connected to start the action in the next working cycle; the template tightening cylinder controls the support shoe 71 to act on the inner wall of the vertical shaft, the stepping cylinder controls the extension and contraction of the vertical cylinder 72, and the template tightening cylinder controls the template 73 to be aligned with the inner wall of the vertical shaft to facilitate the pouring of concrete.

[0035] At the end of a working cycle, when the concrete solidifies and blasting is required at the vertical shaft excavation working face, the oil cylinder is tightened and the accumulator maintains pressure. The pilot circuit and the main oil circuit are disconnected from the main valve, and the pump station and operating valve are transported away from the working face by a bucket. The corresponding pipelines are then connected to start the next working cycle.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic control system for a stepping template for vertical shaft construction, characterized by: It includes a fuel tank, an oil inlet filter, an oil return filter, a main pump, an unloading valve block, an unloading handle, a first one-way valve, an auxiliary pump, a second overflow valve, a second one-way valve, a first manual reversing valve, a second manual reversing valve, a third manual reversing valve, a first joystick, a second joystick, a third joystick, a fourth joystick, a fifth joystick, a sixth joystick, a seventh joystick, an eighth joystick, a ninth joystick, a second shuttle valve, a first main valve, a second main valve, a first shuttle valve, a third main valve, a fourth main valve, a fifth main valve, a sixth main valve, a seventh main valve, an eighth main valve, a horizontal cylinder group I, a horizontal cylinder group II, a template support cylinder group I, a template support cylinder group II, a vertical cylinder group, and a pressure gauge assembly. The fuel tank is provided with a first pipeline, a first pipeline, and a second pipeline. The first main valve, the second main valve, the third main valve, the fourth main valve, the fifth main valve, the sixth main valve, the seventh main valve and the eighth main valve are respectively connected. A second pipeline is provided between the oil tank and the pressure gauge assembly, a third pipeline is provided between the accumulator I and the pressure gauge assembly, a fourth pipeline is provided between the accumulator II and the pressure gauge assembly, a fifth pipeline is provided between the accumulator III and the pressure gauge assembly, a sixth pipeline is provided between the accumulator IV and the pressure gauge assembly, a seventh pipeline is provided on the first pipeline, and the seventh pipeline is connected to the first main valve, the second main valve, the third main valve, the fourth main valve, the fifth main valve, the sixth main valve, the seventh main valve and the eighth main valve in sequence. An eighth pipeline is provided between the oil tank and the second manual reversing valve, a ninth pipeline is provided between the oil tank and the first manual reversing valve, and the eighth pipeline is provided between the oil tank and the first manual reversing valve. The pipeline is connected to the ninth pipeline, the second overflow valve is located on the pipeline, the second manual reversing valve and the third manual reversing valve are respectively connected to the first manual reversing valve, the first joystick, the second joystick, the third joystick, the fourth joystick, the fifth joystick, the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick, the eighth joystick, and the ninth joystick are connected in sequence with a tenth pipeline, the second manual reversing valve is provided with an eleventh pipeline respectively connected to the first joystick and the second joystick, and a twelfth pipeline respectively connected to the third joystick and the fourth joystick, a thirteenth pipeline is provided between the fifth joystick, the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick, the eighth joystick, and the ninth joystick, and the third manual reversing valve is connected to the thirteenth pipeline, the The eighth pipeline is provided with pipelines respectively connected to the third manual reversing valve and the fifth joystick. The first main valve is connected to the horizontal cylinder group I, the second main valve is connected to the horizontal cylinder group II, the third main valve is connected to the template tightening cylinder group I, the fourth main valve is connected to the template tightening cylinder group II, and the vertical cylinder group is respectively connected to the fifth main valve, the sixth main valve, the seventh main valve, and the eighth main valve. The first shuttle valve is respectively connected to the first joystick, the second joystick, the third joystick, the fourth joystick, the first main valve, the second main valve, the horizontal cylinder group I, the horizontal cylinder group II, the third main valve, the fourth main valve, the template tightening cylinder group I, and the template tightening cylinder group II. The fifth joystick, the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick, and the eighth joystick are respectively provided with two second shuttle valves.The fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth joysticks are interconnected via respective second shuttle valves. The return oil filter is located on the first pipeline. The inlet oil filter, main pump, unloading valve block, and first one-way valve are sequentially disposed on the second pipeline. The unloading valve block is also connected to the first and second pipelines at the same time. The unloading valve block has a built-in unloading handle. The auxiliary pump and second one-way valve are located on the ninth pipeline. The accumulator I is connected to the third pipeline, the accumulator II is connected to the fourth pipeline, the accumulator III is connected to the fifth pipeline, and the accumulator IV is connected to the sixth pipeline; A hydraulically controlled one-way valve is provided on each of the pipelines through which the first operating lever, the second operating lever, the third operating lever and the fourth operating lever are respectively connected to the first shuttle valve.

2. A hydraulic control system for a stepping formwork for vertical shaft construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first overflow valve is provided between the first pipeline and the second pipeline.

3. A hydraulic control system for a stepping formwork for vertical shaft construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main pump and the auxiliary pump are respectively provided with motors for driving.

4. A hydraulic control system for a stepping formwork for vertical shaft construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal oil cylinder group I, the horizontal oil cylinder group II, the template tightening oil cylinder group I, the template tightening oil cylinder group II, and the vertical oil cylinder group all have a built-in hydraulic lock.

5. A working method of a hydraulic control system for a stepping formwork for vertical shaft construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Shoe support circuit and retraction process: The motor drives the main pump and the auxiliary pump, the first manual reversing valve is in the left position, the second manual reversing valve is in the left position, and the pilot oil flows through the second one-way valve and the first manual reversing valve to the first joystick and the second joystick; by operating the first joystick and the second joystick to the front position switch, the pilot oil makes the first main valve and the second main valve in the left position, so that the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit makes the rodless cavity of the horizontal cylinder group I and the horizontal cylinder group II complete the extension; by operating the first joystick and the second joystick to the middle position, the reset spring makes the first main valve and the second main valve in the middle position, and the horizontal cylinder group I and the horizontal cylinder group II are hydraulically locked. The high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit is locked, and the pressure is maintained by accumulators I and II respectively. The circuit realizes the holding shoe, and the readings of pressure gauges I and II are observed to determine whether the holding shoe is in place. By operating the first and second joysticks to the rear position switches, the pilot oil drives the first and second main valves to the right position, so that the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rod chambers of horizontal cylinder group I and horizontal cylinder group II to complete their contraction, and the circuit realizes well wall separation. When the second manual reversing valve is in the middle position, the pilot oil flows back to the oil tank. This circuit realizes the holding shoe operation and well wall separation operation of the two groups of horizontal cylinders, and realizes the grouped and independent control of the two groups of horizontal cylinders. : Step 2: Stepping and retraction process of the stepping circuit: When the template needs to be operated to step, first put the second manual reversing valve in the middle position, the first manual reversing valve in the right position, and the third manual reversing valve in the left position. The pilot oil flows through the third manual reversing valve to the fifth joystick, the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick, the eighth joystick, and the ninth joystick; by operating the fifth joystick, the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick, and the eighth joystick to the front position switch, the pilot oil drives the fifth main valve, the sixth main valve, the seventh main valve, and the eighth main valve to the left position, and the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rodless cavity of each vertical cylinder to complete its extension, and the circuit realizes the stepping of the template; by operating the fifth joystick, the sixth joystick, the seventh joystick, and the eighth joystick to the middle position switch, the reset spring makes the fifth main valve, the sixth main valve, the seventh main valve, and the eighth main valve in the middle position, and each vertical cylinder is connected to the middle position switch. The high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit is locked by the hydraulic lock, and the circuit is fixed; by operating the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth operating levers to the rear position switch, the pilot oil drives the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth main valves to the right position, and the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rod chamber of each vertical cylinder to complete its contraction; in this circuit, the front and rear position switches of the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth operating levers are connected to the front and rear position switches of the ninth operating lever respectively through the second shuttle valve; the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth main valves can be simultaneously placed in different positions by operating the ninth operating lever, so that each vertical cylinder can complete the corresponding action synchronously; when the third manual reversing valve is in the right position, the pilot oil flows back to the oil tank. This circuit not only realizes the group control of the vertical cylinders, but also realizes the individual control of each cylinder; Step 3: The tightening and retraction process of the template tightening circuit: the first manual reversing valve is in the left position, the second manual reversing valve is in the right position, and the pilot oil flows to the third and fourth joysticks through the first manual reversing valve and the second manual reversing valve; by operating the third joystick and the fourth joystick to the front switch, the pilot oil drives the third main valve and the fourth main valve to the left position, so that the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rodless cavity of the template tightening cylinder group I and the template tightening cylinder group II to complete the extension until the template moves to the predetermined position; by operating the third joystick and the fourth joystick to the middle position, the reset spring makes the third main valve and the fourth main valve in the middle position, and the template tightening cylinder group I and the template tightening cylinder group II are open. The high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit is locked by the hydraulic lock, and the pressure is maintained by accumulators III and IV. The circuit realizes the template tightening, and the readings of pressure gauges III and IV are observed to determine whether the tightening is in place. By operating the third and fourth joysticks to the rear position switches, the pilot oil drives the third and fourth main valves to the right position, and the high-pressure oil in the main oil circuit enters the rod chambers of template tightening cylinder group I and template tightening cylinder group II to complete their contraction, and the circuit realizes well wall separation. When the second manual reversing valve is in the middle position, the pilot oil flows back to the oil tank. This circuit realizes the template tightening operation and well wall separation operation of the two groups of template tightening cylinders, and realizes the grouped and independent control of the two groups of template tightening cylinders. Step 4: After a working cycle is completed and the concrete solidifies, when blasting is required at the vertical shaft excavation working face, the oil cylinder is tightened and the accumulator maintains pressure. The pilot circuit and the main oil circuit are disconnected from the main valve, and the pump station and operating valve are transported away from the working face by a bucket. The corresponding pipelines are then connected to start the next working cycle.

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