An adaptive tensile fixture for easily deformable materials

Abstract

The present invention discloses an adaptive stretching clamp for easily deformable materials. The clamping force of a soft and easily deformable material portion is measured and fed back in real time to ensure that the clamping force of the soft and easily deformable material portion remains unchanged or changes within a certain range during the stretching process. That is, the clamping force of the soft and easily deformable material portion can be automatically fed back and adjusted during the process of being stretched, elongated and thinned, thereby achieving real-time clamping of the soft material and accurately measuring the bonding strength of heterogeneous parts of the soft and easily deformable material and the brittle and difficult-to-deform material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of machinery, and in particular to an adaptive stretching fixture for easily deformed materials. Background Art

[0002] The automobile safety glass mounting bracket is a component that connects the glass to the car body. It is used to install the safety glass on the glass lifting track through the bracket to achieve the purpose of smooth lifting of the glass. The automobile safety glass mounting bracket is formed by the insert method. First, a primer is applied to the surface of the safety glass, and the safety glass is used as an insert. Soft TPE, PVC, etc. are used as injection molding materials for injection molding. The bonding strength between the safety glass and the mounting bracket affects the installation and use of the glass. Therefore, a tensile test is required to test whether the bonding strength between the two meets the design requirements, and then determine whether the injection molding bonding process is reasonable.

[0003] TPE and PVC are soft materials, and safety glass is a brittle and hard-to-deform material. That is, the mounting bracket of automobile safety glass is a heterogeneous part of soft and easy-to-deform materials and brittle and hard-to-deform materials. At present, before testing the bonding strength of heterogeneous parts of soft and easy-to-deform materials and brittle and hard-to-deform materials on a tensile testing machine, the distance of the fixture for fixing the soft and easy-to-deform materials is certain. As the stretching process progresses and the stretching stroke increases, the thickness of the soft and easy-to-deform materials gradually becomes thinner and the length gradually increases. The soft and easy-to-deform materials originally clamped by the fixture gradually detach. The constraint of the clamp or even slipping from the clamp makes it impossible for the clamp to clamp the soft and deformable material part of the heterogeneous workpiece. The only way to clamp the soft and deformable material part multiple times is manually. This will cause the following problems: (1) The multiple clamping process is complicated and tedious, (2) It cannot be guaranteed that the clamping force is consistent each time, (3) It will cause damage to the bonding part of the heterogeneous workpiece, (4) There will be a sudden change in the tension after clamping again, and (5) The test data is inaccurate. This treatment method will affect the test results of the bonding strength of heterogeneous workpieces.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the tensile fixture of the tensile testing machine when testing the bonding strength of heterogeneous parts of soft and easily deformable materials and brittle and difficult to deform materials, the present invention will provide an adaptive tensile fixture for heterogeneous parts of soft and easily deformable materials and brittle and difficult to deform materials. By real-time measuring and feedback of the clamping force of the soft and easily deformable material part, it is ensured that during the stretching process, the clamping force of the soft and easily deformable material part remains unchanged, or changes within a certain range, that is, the soft and easily deformable material part can realize automatic feedback adjustment of the clamping force during the process of stretching, lengthening and thinning, thereby realizing real-time clamping of the soft material, and accurately measuring the bonding strength of heterogeneous parts of soft and easily deformable materials and brittle and difficult to deform materials. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive stretching fixture for easily deformed materials, which ensures that the clamping force of the soft and easily deformable material part remains unchanged during the stretching process by real-time measuring and feeding back the clamping force of the soft and easily deformable material part.

[0006] In order to achieve the above functions, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] An adaptive stretching fixture for easily deformable materials, characterized in that it comprises a left clamping device and a right clamping device arranged opposite to each other, wherein the tops of the left clamping device and the right clamping device are respectively connected with a left clamping block and a right clamping block for clamping the easily deformable materials;

[0008] The bottom of the left clamping device and the right clamping device are respectively provided with a left slide and a right slide, and the left and right slides are both provided with a lead screw for driving the slide to move; a motor is provided below the position between the left slide and the right slide, and the motor drives the lead screw to rotate through a bevel gear combination;

[0009] A pressure sensor is provided at the bottom of at least one of the left clamping block and the right clamping block, and the pressure sensor is connected to a control device, and the control device can control the rotation of the motor;

[0010] When the deformable material is deformed, the pressure on the pressure sensor is lower than the set value, the control device controls the motor to rotate, the left slide and the right slide shorten the distance under the drive of the lead screw, and the pressure on the pressure sensor returns to the set value.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide rails at the bottom of the left and right slides are fixed on a flat plate, a cylindrical base is fixed at the bottom of the flat plate, and a motor and a control device are installed inside the cylindrical base; a through hole is provided on the cylindrical base, and the cylindrical base is connected to the tensile testing machine via a round rod passing through the through hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the left clamping block and the right clamping block are connected to the left clamping device and the right clamping device in a detachable manner.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure sensor is located at the bottom of the right clamping block.

[0014] Furthermore, the right clamping device is connected to the right clamping block through a trapezoidal groove. A circular groove is provided at the bottom of the right clamping block. A pressure sensor is provided in the circular groove. The right clamping device is also provided with a waist-shaped hole, which is used to place a data transmission line.

[0015] Furthermore, the clamping surfaces of the left clamping block and the right clamping block are both provided with protruding surfaces and grooves, and the protruding surfaces and grooves provide accommodating spaces for clamping soft and easily deformable materials.

[0016] Furthermore, the clamp is also provided with a clamping block for use therewith, the clamping block is provided with a U-shaped support bracket, and a boss is provided inside the U-shaped support bracket; a plane is provided inside the U-shaped support bracket, and a rubber layer is provided on the plane inside the U-shaped support bracket; a rectangular hole is provided at the bottom of the clamping block, and patterns are provided on the outside of the clamping block; there is a certain distance between the rubber layers on both sides of the U-shaped support bracket, so that a bracket made of soft and deformable material can pass through.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the clamp of the present invention realizes automatic adjustment of the clamp and rapid clamping of heterogeneous workpieces; the clamping device of the clamp adopts a detachable structure, and can clamp heterogeneous workpieces of soft, easily deformable materials and brittle, difficult-to-deform materials of different materials and sizes by replacing the clamping blocks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is the structural diagram of the test safety glass mounting bracket;

[0019] Figure 2 is a stereogram of the clamp of the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 is a side view of an embodiment clamp;

[0021] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment clamp;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a flat plate structure diagram;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the servo motor fixation;

[0024] Figure 7 is a diagram of the right clamping device;

[0025] Figure 8 It is the pressure sensor installation diagram;

[0026] Fig. 9 It is the right clamping block diagram;

[0027] Fig.10 It is the left clamping block diagram;

[0028] Fig.11 It is the lower clamp block diagram;

[0029] Fig.12 It is the internal plan view of the U-shaped support bracket;

[0030] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of clamping block fixation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is a detailed introduction and description of the implementation examples of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention:

[0032] The position and direction indications such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", and "side" in the technical solution of the present invention are based on the structure shown in the accompanying drawings and are merely for the convenience of description and understanding, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, an adaptive stretching fixture for easily deformed materials is used in conjunction with a tensile testing machine to test the bonding strength between a safety glass 1 and a soft, easily deformable material bracket 2. The fixture adjusts the clamping force by detecting changes in the clamping force to ensure that the clamping force is constant during the stretching process.

[0034] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in , 4, an adaptive stretching fixture for easily deformable materials comprises a symmetrically arranged front semi-cylindrical base 4 and a rear semi-cylindrical base 5, a countersunk hole 3 is provided on the side of the front semi-cylindrical base 4, and a wire hole 6 is provided on the side of the front semi-cylindrical base 4 and the rear semi-cylindrical base 5 (for external power supply to power the high-speed motor inside the fixture and the sensor signal transmission line). The upper ends of the front semi-cylindrical base 4 and the rear semi-cylindrical base 5 are connected with a flat plate 7, and the flat plate 7 is connected to the front semi-cylindrical base 4 and the rear semi-cylindrical base 5 by screws 8. The left and right sides of the upper end surface of the flat plate 7 are respectively connected with slide rails (not marked), and the slide rails (not marked) are provided with guide rails 10, and the guide rails 10 are provided with a left slide 11 and a right slide 19, and a lead screw 18 is provided between the left slide 11 and the right slide 19, and the lead screw 18 is connected with a fixing plate 17, and the lead screw 18 is connected with a right bevel gear 23 through a right slide rail coupling 24, and the right bevel gear 23 is connected with a vertical bevel gear 9, and a left clamping device 13 is also provided on the left slide 11, and the left clamping device 13 is connected to the left slide 11 through a screw 12, and the left clamping device 13 is connected with a left clamping block 14, and the left clamping block 14 is symmetrically provided with a right clamping block 15, and the right clamping block 15 is connected with a right clamping device 16, and the right clamping device 16 is connected with a right slide 19. The front semi-cylindrical base 4 is also connected to the rear semi-cylindrical base 5 by means of screws 22. A front semi-cylindrical base 4 is provided with a front semi-cylindrical cylinder 21 at its lower end, and a through hole 20 is provided in the front semi-cylindrical cylinder 21. A rear semi-cylindrical cylinder 26 is provided at its lower end, and a through hole 25 is provided in the rear semi-cylindrical cylinder 26. The front semi-cylindrical base 4 and the rear semi-cylindrical base 5 are connected to the tensile testing machine via round rods passing through the through holes 20 and 25.

[0035] like Figure 4 , 5As shown in FIG. 6 , a high-speed motor 36 is provided inside the rear semi-cylindrical base 5. The high-speed motor 36 is fixed to the side of the rear semi-cylindrical base 5 by screws 35 through the lower fixing plate 34 and the upper fixing plate 37. The high-speed motor 36 is connected to the left shaft 39 through the lower coupling 38. The left shaft 39 is provided with a left gear 40. The left shaft 39 is also provided with a left bearing 41. The left gear 40 is connected to the right gear 30. The right gear 30 is connected to the right shaft 31. The right shaft 31 is provided with a right bearing (not marked). The right shaft 31 is connected to the right fixing plate 32. One end of the right shaft 31 is connected to the vertical bevel gear 9 through the hole 46 on the flat plate 7. A control device 29 is also provided inside the rear semi-cylindrical base 5. The control device 29 is connected to a data transmission line 43. The control device 29 is connected to the high-speed motor 36 through a data transmission line (not marked). The data transmission line (not marked) is placed in the wire groove 27. The rear semi-cylindrical base 5 is also provided with a semi-circular hole 28, and the semi-circular hole 28 is provided for the access of an external power supply and a control circuit. The rear semi-cylindrical base 5 is also provided with a threaded hole 33, and the rear semi-cylindrical base 5 is connected to the front semi-cylindrical base 4 by a screw 22 passing through the threaded hole 33.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the flat plate 7 is also provided with countersunk holes 44 for fixing the front semi-cylindrical base 4 and the rear semi-cylindrical base 5, threaded holes 45 for fixing the slide rails, and through holes 47 for placing the sensor data transmission lines.

[0037] like Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the right clamping device 16 is connected to the right clamping block 15 through a right-angled trapezoidal groove 49. A circular groove 50 is also provided at the bottom of the right clamping device 16. A pressure sensor 51 is provided in the circular groove 50. The right clamping device 16 is also provided with a waist-shaped hole 48. The waist-shaped hole 48 is used to place a data transmission line.

[0038] like Fig. 9 As shown, the rear end face of the right clamping block 15 is an outwardly convex right-angled trapezoid 54, and the right-angled trapezoid 54 cooperates with the right clamping device 16 through a right-angled trapezoidal groove 49. A rectangular groove 52 is provided on the front end clamping plane 53 of the right clamping block 15, and a protruding surface 55 and a groove 56 are also provided at the front end of the right clamping block 15. The protruding surface 55 and the groove 56 provide a storage space for clamping soft and easily deformable materials.

[0039] like Fig.10 As shown, the rear end face of the left clamping block 14 is a plane without a right-angled trapezoidal structure, and a countersunk hole 57 is provided on the front end face of the left clamping block 14. The left clamping block 14 is fixed to the left clamping device 13 by screws, and the other structures of the left clamping block 14 are the same as those of the right clamping block 15.

[0040] like Fig.11 , 12 As shown, the adaptive stretching fixture for easily deformed materials also includes a clamping block for clamping brittle materials (such as glass), the clamping block is provided with a U-shaped support bracket 58 for supporting the lower end of the safety glass, the U-shaped support bracket 58 is provided with a boss 59 inside to assist in positioning the rubber layer, the U-shaped support bracket 58 is provided with a plane 60 inside, the bottom of the clamping block is provided with a rectangular hole 61 for the soft and easily deformable material bracket 2 of the safety glass mounting bracket to pass through, the outside of the clamping block is also provided with a texture 62 to increase the friction force when the tensile testing machine clamp clamps the clamping block, the internal plane 60 of the U-shaped support bracket 58 is provided with a rubber layer 63 and a groove 64 to prevent the brittle glass from being crushed when the clamping force is too large, and the clamping block is provided with a certain distance between the rubber layers 63 on both sides of the U-shaped support bracket 58 to ensure that the soft and easily deformable material bracket 2 can pass through.

[0041] Fixture working process:

[0042] 1) When testing the bonding strength of a heterogeneous component of a soft and easily deformable material and a brittle and difficult-to-deform material (such as a car safety glass bracket), first place the brittle glass of the car safety glass bracket in the U-shaped clamp block, and the soft and easily deformable material 2 enters the left clamp block 14 and the right clamp block 15 of the fixture through the rectangular hole 61 of the U-shaped clamp block;

[0043] 2) The left clamping block 14 and the right clamping block 15 of the clamp are arranged outside the soft and deformable material 2 of the mounting bracket, and the left clamping block 14 and the right clamping block 15 clamp the soft and deformable material 2 of the mounting bracket through the clamping plane 53 and the rectangular groove 52 arranged on the end surface thereof;

[0044] 3) Before the test begins, the clamping force value is preset to make the clamping planes 53 of the left clamping block 14 and the right clamping block 15 fit with the surface of the soft and deformable material mounting bracket 2, and then the surface material of the soft and deformable material mounting bracket 2 is squeezed into the rectangular groove 52 by increasing the clamping force value. At this time, the step surfaces 55 and 56 of the right clamping block 15 further clamp the soft and deformable material mounting bracket 2, and finally the left clamping block 14 and the right clamping block 15 firmly clamp the soft and deformable material mounting bracket 2;

[0045] 4) As the stretching process proceeds, the mounting bracket 2 made of soft and deformable material will deform after being subjected to tension, and its length will gradually increase and its thickness will gradually decrease, causing the material of the mounting bracket 2 made of soft and deformable material to be squeezed into the rectangular groove 52 to gradually separate from the clamping plane 53 of the left clamping block 14 and the right clamping block 15 and the rectangular groove 52 set on its end face. At this time, the clamping force between the left clamping block 14 and the right clamping block 15 is less than the clamping force of the mounting bracket 2 made of soft and deformable material to be firmly clamped. When the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor 51 is less than the firmly clamped pressure value, the signal is fed back to the control device 29. After being processed by the control device 29, the processed signal is fed back to the high-speed motor 36. After receiving the feedback signal, the high-speed motor 36 starts to work and outputs torque. The torque of the high-speed motor 36 is transmitted through the left shaft The left gear 40 on 39 is transmitted to the right gear 30, which is then transmitted to the vertical bevel gear 9 by the right shaft 31 provided with the right gear 30, and then transmitted to the right bevel gear 23 by the vertical bevel gear 9, and then transmitted to the lead screw 18 connected thereto by the right bevel gear 23, so that the left slide 11 and the right slide 19 connected to the lead screw 18 move toward each other, and the left clamping device 13 and the right clamping device 16 connected to the left slide 11 and the right slide 19 are brought closer to each other, thereby realizing the left clamping block 14 and the right clamping block 15 moving toward each other to clamp the mounting bracket 2 made of soft and deformable material. When the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor 51 reaches the set firm clamping value, the signal is fed back to the control device 29, and the control device 29 feeds back the stop signal to the high-speed motor 36, and the high-speed motor 36 stops rotating, and the clamping force adjustment completes a cycle;

[0046] 5) The tightening force adjustment process is carried out simultaneously with the stretching process.

[0047] The clamp disclosed in this embodiment adopts a detachable structure, and can clamp materials of different materials and sizes by replacing the clamping blocks.

[0048] The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive stretching fixture for easily deformable materials, characterized in that: It comprises a left clamping device and a right clamping device which are arranged opposite to each other, and the tops of the left clamping device and the right clamping device are respectively connected with a left clamping block and a right clamping block for clamping the deformable material; The bottom of the left clamping device and the right clamping device are respectively provided with a left slide and a right slide, and the left and right slides are both provided with a lead screw for driving the slide to move; a motor is provided below the position between the left slide and the right slide, and the motor drives the lead screw to rotate through a bevel gear combination; A pressure sensor is provided at the bottom of at least one of the left clamping block and the right clamping block, and the pressure sensor is connected to a control device, and the control device can control the rotation of the motor; When the deformable material is deformed, the pressure on the pressure sensor is lower than the set value, the control device controls the motor to rotate, the left slide and the right slide shorten the distance under the drive of the lead screw, and the pressure on the pressure sensor returns to the set value; The pressure sensor is located at the bottom of the right clamping block; The right clamping device is connected to the right clamping block through a trapezoidal groove. The bottom of the right clamping block is also provided with a circular groove, in which a pressure sensor is provided. The right clamping device is also provided with a waist-shaped hole, and the waist-shaped hole is used to place a data transmission line. The clamping surfaces of the left clamping block and the right clamping block are both provided with a protruding surface and a groove, and the protruding surface and the groove provide an accommodating space for clamping soft and easily deformable materials; Before the test begins, the clamping force value is preset to make the clamping planes of the left clamping block and the right clamping block fit with the surface of the soft and deformable material mounting bracket. Then, the surface material of the soft and deformable material mounting bracket is squeezed into the rectangular groove by increasing the clamping force value. At this time, the step surface of the right clamping block and the step surface of the left clamping block further clamp the soft and deformable material mounting bracket, and finally the left clamping block and the right clamping block firmly clamp the soft and deformable material mounting bracket. As the stretching process proceeds, the mounting bracket of the soft and deformable material will deform after being subjected to the tensile force, and its length will gradually increase and its thickness will gradually decrease, causing the material of the mounting bracket of the soft and deformable material to be squeezed into the rectangular groove to gradually separate from the clamping planes of the left clamping block and the right clamping block and the rectangular grooves set on their end faces. At this time, the clamping force between the left clamping block and the right clamping block is less than the clamping force of the mounting bracket of the soft and deformable material to be firmly clamped. When the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor is less than the pressure value of firm clamping, the signal is fed back to the control device. After being processed by the control device, the processed signal is fed back to the high-speed motor. After receiving the feedback signal, the high-speed motor starts to work and outputs torque. The high-speed motor The torque is transmitted to the right gear through the left gear on the left transmission shaft, and then to the vertical bevel gear by the right shaft with the right gear, and then to the right bevel gear through the vertical bevel gear, and then to the lead screw connected to it by the right bevel gear, so that the left slide and the right slide connected to the lead screw move toward each other, and the left clamping device and the right clamping device connected to the left slide and the right slide move closer to each other, so as to realize the opposite movement of the left clamping block and the right clamping block to clamp the mounting bracket of the soft and deformable material. When the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor reaches the set firm clamping value, the signal is fed back to the control device, and the control device feeds back the stop signal to the high-speed motor, the high-speed motor stops rotating, and the clamping force adjustment completes a cycle.

2. An adaptive stretching fixture for easily deformable materials as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rails at the bottom of the left and right slides are fixed on a flat plate, a cylindrical base is fixed at the bottom of the flat plate, and a motor and a control device are installed inside the cylindrical base; a through hole is provided on the cylindrical base, and the cylindrical base is connected to the tensile testing machine through a round rod passing through the through hole.

3. An adaptive stretching fixture for easily deformable materials as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The left clamping block and the right clamping block are connected to the left clamping device and the right clamping device in a detachable manner.

4. An adaptive stretching fixture for easily deformable materials as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp is also provided with a clamping block for use therewith, the clamping block is provided with a U-shaped support bracket, and a boss is provided inside the U-shaped support bracket; a plane is provided inside the U-shaped support bracket, and a rubber layer is provided on the plane inside the U-shaped support bracket; a rectangular hole is provided at the bottom of the clamping block, and patterns are provided on the outside of the clamping block; there is a certain distance between the rubber layers on both sides of the U-shaped support bracket, so that a bracket made of soft and deformable material can pass through.

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