A multi-line laser radar and a self-propelled vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention discloses a multi-line laser radar and a self-propelled vehicle, the multi-line laser radar comprises a rotating prism, a rotating mechanism and two sets of transceiver components; the rotating prism comprises at least three side surfaces, at least three side surfaces are arranged around a scanning rotation axis; at least two side surfaces are reflective surfaces; among all the reflective surfaces of the rotating prism, at least two reflective surfaces have unequal angles with the scanning rotation axis of the rotating prism; the rotating mechanism is used to drive the rotating prism to rotate around the scanning rotation axis; the two sets of transceiver components are respectively located on both sides of the rotating prism, and the two sets of the transceiver components are asymmetrically arranged relative to the scanning rotation axis, and the angle between the laser emitting surfaces of the two sets of the transceiver components is less than 180 degrees, so as to form a scanning field of view when the rotating prism rotates around the scanning rotation axis. The multi-line laser radar provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the functions of both far-sighting and blind spot filling, and has the advantages of simple structure, small size and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to laser radar technology, and more particularly to a multi-line laser radar and a self-propelled vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development and application of laser technology, laser scanning technology is increasingly widely used in measurement, transportation, driving assistance, mobile robots and other fields. LiDAR is a radar system that uses laser to detect the position, speed, posture and other characteristic quantities of a target. Its basic principle is to first emit a detection laser beam to the target, and then receive the signal reflected from the target. By comparing the information of the transmitted signal with the received signal, the distance, direction, height, speed, posture and even shape of the target can be obtained.

[0003] At present, different application scenarios have different performance parameter standards for LiDAR. For example, some applications require a large detection range, while others require a large field of view with no blind spots at close range, etc. However, it is difficult to achieve these parameter standards at the same time. Many factors of LiDAR affect each other. For example, the angular resolution of a LiDAR with a large field of view will be constrained, and the high resolution will be constrained by cost, volume, debugging, etc., resulting in high cost, large volume, and complex modulation methods, which are not conducive to promotion and application. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a multi-line laser radar and a self-propelled vehicle, wherein the multi-line laser radar has the functions of distance measurement and blind spot filling at the same time, and has the advantages of simple structure, small size and low cost.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-line laser radar, including a rotating prism, a rotating mechanism, and two sets of transceiver components;

[0006] The rotating prism comprises at least three side surfaces, and the at least three side surfaces are arranged around the scanning rotation axis; at least two of the side surfaces are reflective surfaces; among all the reflective surfaces of the rotating prism, at least two of the reflective surfaces have unequal angles with the scanning rotation axis of the rotating prism;

[0007] The rotating mechanism is used to drive the rotating prism to rotate around the scanning rotation axis;

[0008] The two groups of transceiver components are respectively located on both sides of the rotating prism, and the two groups of transceiver components are asymmetrically arranged relative to the scanning rotation axis. The angle between the laser emitting surfaces of the two groups of transceiver components is less than 180 degrees, so as to form a scanning field of view when the rotating mechanism drives the rotating prism to rotate around the scanning rotation axis.

[0009] Optionally, the two groups of transceiver components include a first transceiver component and a second transceiver component, the first transceiver component forms a first scanning field of view when the rotating prism rotates, and the second transceiver component forms a second scanning field of view when the rotating prism rotates;

[0010] The vertical scanning resolution of the first transceiver component in the first horizontal scanning field of view is greater than the vertical scanning resolution of the second transceiver component in the second horizontal scanning field of view;

[0011] The direction parallel to the scanning rotation axis of the rotating prism is the vertical direction.

[0012] Optionally, each group of transceiver components includes at least one laser emitting unit and at least one laser receiving unit; the laser emitting unit includes a plurality of lasers, and the emitted light beams of each laser in the same laser emitting unit have a non-zero angle; and the plurality of lasers in the same laser emitting unit are integrated on the same circuit board;

[0013] The laser receiving unit includes a plurality of photoelectric detectors, each of which is used to receive a light beam emitted by a corresponding laser and returned by a target to be measured; the plurality of photoelectric detectors of the same laser receiving unit are integrated on the same circuit board.

[0014] Optionally, each group of the transceiver components also includes a transmitting mirror group and a receiving mirror group. The transmitting mirror group is arranged between the laser emitting unit and the rotating prism, and is used to collimate the laser light beam emitted by the laser emitting unit and irradiate it onto the reflecting surface of the rotating prism. The receiving mirror group is arranged between the laser receiving unit and the rotating prism, and is used to converge the laser light beam reflected by the reflecting surface of the rotating prism and irradiate it onto the laser receiving unit.

[0015] Optionally, for any of the reflective surfaces, the angle between it and the scanning rotation axis is simultaneously greater than the angles between its two adjacent reflective surfaces and the scanning rotation axis, or simultaneously smaller than the angles between its two adjacent reflective surfaces and the scanning rotation axis.

[0016] Optionally, at least one reflective surface of the rotating prism includes at least two reflective areas sequentially distributed along the scanning rotation axis; and an angle between each reflective area and the scanning rotation axis is not completely the same.

[0017] Optionally, the plurality of side surfaces of the rotating prism form a hollow axis;

[0018] The rotating mechanism is arranged in the hollow shaft of the rotating prism.

[0019] Optionally, an encoder is further included, the encoder is arranged on the rotating prism, and is used to detect and output the angle information of the rotating prism and / or the speed information of the rotating mechanism; and / or

[0020] The main control board, the rotating mechanism, the encoder, the laser emitting unit and the laser receiving unit in the transceiver assembly are all connected to the main control board.

[0021] Optionally, it also includes a shell and a filter cover; the shell and the filter cover form a closed shell to protect the multi-line laser radar; the filter cover includes two filter areas arranged opposite to the emission directions of the two groups of transceiver components.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a self-propelled vehicle, comprising:

[0023] A vehicle body having a self-moving mode; and any one of the above-mentioned multi-line laser radars, wherein the multi-line laser radar is arranged on both sides of the front and / or rear of the vehicle body.

[0024] The multi-line laser radar provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a rotating prism, a rotating mechanism and two groups of transceiver components; the rotating prism includes at least three side surfaces, and at least three side surfaces are arranged around a scanning rotation axis; at least two of the side surfaces are reflective surfaces; among all the reflective surfaces of the rotating prism, there are at least two reflective surfaces with unequal angles to the scanning rotation axis of the rotating prism; the rotating mechanism is used to drive the rotating prism to rotate around the scanning rotation axis; the two groups of transceiver components are respectively located on both sides of the rotating prism, and the two groups of transceiver components are asymmetrically arranged relative to the scanning rotation axis, and the angle between the laser emitting surfaces of the two groups of transceiver components is less than 180 degrees, so as to form a scanning field of view when the rotating mechanism drives the rotating prism to rotate around the scanning rotation axis. By setting at least two side surfaces of the rotating prism as reflective surfaces, and the angles between at least two reflective surfaces and the scanning rotation axis of the rotating prism are not equal, when the rotating mechanism drives the rotating prism to rotate, each reflective surface can enable a light ray to achieve horizontal scanning, and different reflective surfaces can change the same light ray into multiple light rays, thereby increasing the number of scanning lines; by setting two groups of transceiver components, and the two groups of transceiver components are asymmetrically arranged relative to the scanning rotation axis, the laser emitting units in each group of transceiver components form a scanning field of view when the rotating prism rotates around the scanning rotation axis, so that the two groups of transceiver components can emit laser light beams from different directions, and after rotation scanning by the same rotating prism, they are projected to at least two directions to form corresponding scanning fields of view, thereby being able to provide scanning detection in at least two directions for the self-main body installed with the laser radar, without the need to install a laser radar at different directions of the self-main body, which has the advantages of low cost and simple structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-line laser radar provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top-down schematic diagram of a multi-line laser radar shown;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-line laser radar provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 and Figure 5 They are respectively schematic diagrams of the emission states of the laser in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of another multi-line laser radar provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of another multi-line laser radar provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of another multi-line laser radar provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 They are respectively schematic top views of the structure of a filter cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that the directional words such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like described in the embodiments of the present invention are described at the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, in the context, it is also necessary to understand that when it is mentioned that an element is formed "on" or "under" another element, it can not only be directly formed "on" or "under" another element, but also indirectly formed "on" or "under" another element through an intermediate element. The terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for descriptive purposes and do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-line laser radar provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 It corresponds to Figure 1 A top view of a multi-line laser radar is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The multi-line laser radar provided in this embodiment includes a rotating prism 10, a rotating mechanism 30 and two sets of transceiver components 20; the rotating prism 10 includes a top surface 11, a bottom surface 12 and at least three side surfaces 13 ( Figure 1 In the figure, four side surfaces are used as an example for explanation, which is not a limitation of the present invention), at least three side surfaces 13 are arranged around the scanning rotation axis; at least two side surfaces 13 are reflective surfaces; among all the reflective surfaces of the rotating prism 10, there are at least two reflective surfaces with unequal angles with the scanning rotation axis of the rotating prism 10; the rotating mechanism 30 is used to drive the rotating prism 10 to rotate around the scanning rotation axis; two sets of transceiver components 20 are respectively located on both sides of the rotating prism 10, and the two sets of transceiver components 20 are asymmetrically arranged relative to the scanning rotation axis, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown. The angle between the laser emitting surfaces of the two groups of transceiver components 20 is less than 180, so that the two groups of transceiver components 20 can emit laser beams from different directions, and after being rotated and scanned by the same rotating prism 10, they are projected to at least two directions to form a corresponding scanning field of view, thereby providing scanning detection in at least two directions for the self-main body installed with the laser radar, without the need to install a laser radar at different directions of the self-main body, which has the advantages of low cost and simple structure. In other embodiments, the positions of the two groups of transceiver components 20 relative to the rotating prism 10 can also be described by defining the phase position relationship of the center of each component. Specifically, the line connecting the centers of the two groups of transceiver components 20 and the center of the rotating prism 10 forms an angle α less than 180°. Each group of transceiver components 20 includes a laser emitting unit 21 and a laser receiving unit 22, and the laser emitting unit 21 forms a scanning field of view when the rotating prism 10 rotates around the scanning rotation axis.

[0036] It is understandable that the multi-line laser radar provided in this embodiment can be used in the fields of unmanned vehicles, automatic navigation robots, etc., and can also be used alone for applications such as 3D mapping and obstacle avoidance. The transceiver component 20 is used to emit a detection beam and receive an echo beam. The detection beam can be an infrared laser beam, and the echo beam can be received using a photodetector as a light receiving element. The specific implementation can be selected according to the actual situation. The detection beam emitted by the transceiver component 20 is reflected by the reflection surface of the rotating prism 10 and then transmitted to the target to be measured. The echo beam returned by the target to be measured is reflected by the reflection surface of the rotating prism 10 and then received by the same transceiver component 20. The rotating mechanism 30 is used to drive the rotating prism 10 to rotate, for example, it can be a motor. When the rotating prism 10 rotates, the detection beams emitted by each transceiver component 20 can achieve horizontal scanning to form a corresponding scanning field of view. In this embodiment, the horizontal direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the scanning rotation axis of the rotating prism, and the vertical direction refers to the direction parallel to the scanning rotation axis of the rotating prism. The description will not be repeated elsewhere. In specific implementation, each transceiver component 20 can be set with multi-channel output and multi-channel reception to form a scanning range with different viewing angles.

[0037] The technical solution of this embodiment is as follows: by setting at least two side surfaces of the rotating prism as reflective surfaces, and the angles between at least two reflective surfaces and the scanning rotation axis of the rotating prism are not equal, when the rotating mechanism drives the rotating prism to rotate, each reflective surface can enable a light ray to achieve horizontal scanning, and different reflective surfaces can change the same light ray into multiple light rays, thereby increasing the number of scanning lines; by setting two groups of transceiver components, and the two groups of transceiver components are asymmetrically arranged relative to the scanning rotation axis, the laser emitting units in each group of transceiver components form a scanning field of view when the rotating prism rotates around the scanning rotation axis, so that the two groups of transceiver components can emit laser light beams from different orientations, and after rotation scanning by the same rotating prism, they are projected to at least two orientations to form corresponding scanning fields of view, thereby being able to provide scanning detection in at least two orientations for the self-main body installed with the laser radar, without the need to install a laser radar at different orientations of the self-main body, and having the advantages of low cost and simple structure.

[0038] Optionally, the two groups of transceiver components include a first transceiver component and a second transceiver component. The first transceiver component forms a first scanning field of view when the rotating prism rotates, and the second transceiver component forms a second scanning field of view when the rotating prism rotates; the vertical scanning resolution of the first transceiver component in the first scanning field of view is greater than the vertical scanning resolution of the second transceiver component in the second scanning field of view. Usually, during the movement of the autonomous body, there will be different requirements for scanning and detecting obstacles in different directions. For example, when navigating the autonomous body, it is necessary to know the distance of the obstacles in front of the road more accurately, and the farther the detectable distance is, the better. For the side, it is only necessary to scan the obstacles within a close range, so as to provide a reference for operations such as turning. Therefore, in the laser radar in this embodiment, the angular resolution of one group of transceiver components is greater than the angular resolution of the other group of transceiver components, so as to meet the use requirements and reduce the product cost. In another embodiment, the two groups of transceiver components may have different pulse frequencies. For example, the pulse frequency used by the transceiver component that needs to detect long distances is smaller than that of the transceiver component that only needs to detect obstacles, thereby ensuring that both long-distance obstacle detection and short-distance obstacle scanning detection can be achieved.

[0039] For example, continue to refer to Figure 2 , wherein the laser emitting unit 21a in the first group of transceiver components emits a laser beam L1, and the laser emitting unit 21b in the second group of transceiver components emits a laser beam L2. When the rotating prism 10 rotates, the laser beam L1 scans to form a first scanning field of view S1, and the laser beam L2 scans to form a second scanning field of view S2. Taking the tetrahedral rotating prism as an example, the laser emitting unit 21a in the first group of transceiver components emits X-path laser beams at different angles in the vertical direction. Each laser beam passes through the rotating tetrahedral prism and becomes 4 laser beams in the vertical direction (or vertically downward, depending on the prism design). Therefore, the X-path laser beam becomes 4X laser beams for scanning and detection, forming a first laser scanning field of view S1. After diffuse reflection on the detection target surface, the laser beam in the first laser scanning field of view S1 passes through the tetrahedral prism again and is respectively detected by the laser receiving units ( Figure 2 The corresponding X different photoelectric detectors (not shown) receive the laser beams at different angles. Only the corresponding photoelectric detectors can receive the laser beams at different angles. According to actual needs, the corresponding parameters can be set so that the horizontal angle of the first laser scanning field of view S1 reaches 0 to 180 degrees, the detection distance reaches 100 meters, 200 meters or 300 meters, or farther, and within the scanning range, the number of lines in the horizontal and vertical directions is more densely distributed.

[0040] The laser emitting unit 21b in the second group emits Y (Y can be the same as X or different from X, and can be designed according to actual needs during implementation) laser beams at different angles in the vertical direction. Each laser beam passes through a rotating tetrahedral prism to become 4 laser beams in the vertical direction, so the Y laser beams become 4Y laser beams for scanning and detection, forming a second laser scanning field of view S2. After diffuse reflection on the detection target surface, the laser beams in the second laser scanning field of view S2 pass through the tetrahedral prism again and are respectively received by the laser receiving units ( Figure 2 The corresponding Y different photoelectric detectors (not shown) receive the laser beams at different angles. Only the corresponding photoelectric detectors can receive the laser beams at different angles. According to actual needs, the corresponding parameters can be set so that the horizontal angle of the second laser scanning field of view S2 reaches 0 to 180 degrees, and the vertical angle reaches 0 to 180 degrees. Its detection distance is relatively short, and the distribution in the horizontal and vertical directions is relatively sparse. It is mainly used for blind spot filling. That is, the existing laser radar includes two types of range-finding radar and blind spot filling radar. The multi-line laser radar in this embodiment merges it into the same radar, which can simultaneously measure distance and fill blind spots. The entire horizontal scanning angle of the entire laser radar can be greater than 180 degrees, or even more than 270 degrees, thereby realizing scanning in a wide field of view.

[0041] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another multi-line laser radar provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 Optionally, each group of transceiver components 20 includes at least one laser emitting unit 21 and at least one laser receiving unit 22; the laser emitting unit 21 includes multiple lasers 211, and the light beams emitted by each laser 211 in the same laser emitting unit 21 have a non-zero angle; the multiple lasers 211 of the same laser emitting unit 21 are integrated on the same circuit board; the laser receiving unit 22 includes multiple photodetectors 221, each photodetector 221 is used to receive the light beam emitted by the corresponding laser 211 and returned by the target to be measured; the multiple photodetectors 221 of the same laser receiving unit 22 are integrated on the same circuit board.

[0042] It is understandable that by setting each laser emitting unit 21 to include multiple lasers 211 and each laser receiving unit 22 to include multiple photodetectors 221, the field of view of the multi-line laser radar in the vertical direction can be effectively increased. In specific implementation, the laser 211 can be a laser diode LD or a vertical cavity surface emitting laser VCSEL, wherein the LD or VCSEL can be free space output or output through fiber coupling; the laser 211 can also be a fiber laser, a gas laser or a solid laser, etc. The photodetector 221 can be a plurality of array-arranged avalanche diodes (APD), or a single large-surface APD, a focal plane array detector, a single-point or array-arranged silicon photomultiplier tube (MPPC) detector, or other types of array detectors known to those skilled in the art.

[0043] Optionally, the output light beams of each laser in the same laser emitting unit are arranged in a divergent state or in a convergent state.

[0044] For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 The figures are respectively schematic diagrams of the emission state of the laser in the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the figure, it is schematically shown that a laser emitting unit includes 4 lasers. In other embodiments, the number of laser emitting units may be 8, 16, or other numbers. The number may be selected according to actual needs during implementation. Figure 4 and Figure 5 , all laser beams of the four lasers are located in the same exit plane M, and the emission elevation angles of the laser beams in the same transceiver assembly are different. When the four spatial angles are different, the four lasers can generate 16 scan lines. Figure 4 The four laser beams are arranged in a divergent state. Figure 5 The four laser beams are arranged in a converging state.

[0045] In the above embodiment, by integrating multiple lasers and multiple photodetectors on a circuit board, unified debugging can be achieved, which simplifies debugging difficulty and reduces costs. It should be noted that in specific implementation, multiple lasers and multiple photodetectors can be arranged in a single group or in multiple groups, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this. In another embodiment, the laser emitting unit and the laser receiving unit can also be integrated into one module to facilitate unified installation and debugging.

[0046] Figure 6 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another multi-line laser radar provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6Optionally, each transceiver assembly 20 also includes a transmitting mirror group 23 and a receiving mirror group 24. The transmitting mirror group 23 is arranged between the laser emitting unit 21 and the rotating prism 10, and is used to collimate the laser beam emitted by the laser emitting unit 21 and irradiate it onto the reflecting surface of the rotating prism 10. The receiving mirror group 24 is arranged between the laser receiving unit 22 and the rotating prism 10, and is used to converge the laser beam reflected by the reflecting surface of the rotating prism 10 and irradiate it onto the laser receiving unit 22.

[0047] It is understandable that the quality of the light beam directly emitted by the laser 211 in the laser emitting unit 21 may not meet the requirements of the radar detection distance, so a transmitting mirror group 23 can be set on the light-emitting side of the laser emitting unit 21 to focus and collimate the output light beam of the laser emitting unit 21, so that the light beam is emitted at a relatively small divergence angle to achieve the detection of long-distance targets. The light beam returned by the target to be measured will be attenuated after spatial transmission, so a receiving mirror group 24 can be set on the light-incoming side of the laser receiving unit 22 to enable the laser receiving unit 22 to collect as many echo light beams as possible. In a specific implementation, the field of view of the receiving mirror group 24 is between 0° and 180°.

[0048] It should be noted that Figure 6 The transmitting mirror group and the receiving mirror group shown in the figure both include two lenses, which is only a schematic illustration of the structure of each mirror group. During specific implementation, the structure of the mirror group can be designed according to actual optical path conditions.

[0049] Optionally, the angle between all the reflecting surfaces and the scanning rotation axis of the rotating prism is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 10°.

[0050] By setting the included angle between the reflection surface and the scanning rotation axis to be between 0° and 10°, it is possible to avoid the reflection surface of the rotating prism from being tilted too much, thereby improving the stability of the rotating prism during rotation.

[0051] In a certain embodiment, the rotating prism may include at least four reflecting surfaces. Optionally, for any reflecting surface, the angle between it and the scanning rotation axis is simultaneously greater than the angle between its two adjacent reflecting surfaces and the scanning rotation axis, or simultaneously smaller than the angle between its two adjacent reflecting surfaces and the scanning rotation axis. For example, the angles between the four reflecting surfaces of the rotating prism and the scanning rotation axis are marked as ∠1, ∠2, ∠3, and ∠4 in a clockwise direction, respectively, where ∠1=0°, ∠2=2°, ∠3=1°, and ∠4=1.5°. ∠2 is simultaneously greater than ∠1 and ∠3, and ∠3 is simultaneously smaller than ∠2 and ∠4. This arrangement can make the rotating prism more stable during rotation. Furthermore, at least one reflective surface of the rotating prism can also be set as a layered structure, for example, at least two reflective areas are sequentially distributed along the direction of the scanning rotation axis, and the angle between each reflective area and the scanning rotation axis is not completely the same, so that the laser beams emitted by multiple lasers can be non-uniformly distributed in the vertical direction when passing through the layered structure. In one embodiment, the angle between the reflective area located in the middle and the scanning rotation axis can be greater than the angle between the reflective areas located on both sides and the scanning rotation axis, so as to form a dense distribution in the middle and sparse distribution at the top and bottom in the vertical direction.

[0052] Figure 7 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another multi-line laser radar provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 Optionally, multiple side surfaces of the rotating prism 10 form a hollow shaft 14; the rotating mechanism 30 is disposed in the hollow shaft 14 of the rotating prism 10.

[0053] It can be understood that by disposing the rotating mechanism 30 in the hollow shaft 14 of the rotating prism 10, the volume of the laser radar can be effectively reduced, which is conducive to the development of miniaturization.

[0054] Figure 8 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another multi-line laser radar provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 Optionally, the multi-line laser radar provided in this embodiment further includes an encoder 40, which is arranged on the rotating prism 10 and is used to detect and output the angle information of the rotating prism 10 and / or the speed information of the rotating mechanism 30; and / or a main control board 50, and the rotating mechanism 30, the encoder 40, the laser emitting unit and the laser receiving unit in the transceiver assembly 20 are all connected to the main control board 50. Exemplarily, in a certain embodiment, the encoder 40 can output the angle information of the rotating prism 10 and feedback the speed information of the rotating mechanism 30 in real time, so as to feed back to the control system to control the rotation speed of the rotating mechanism 30. Among them, the encoder 40 can use encoders of the types of photoelectric code disk, magnetic code disk, etc., which can be selected according to actual conditions during specific implementation.

[0055] Understandably, Figure 8The specific structure of each transceiver component 20, i.e., the laser emitting unit and the laser receiving unit, is not shown, so the main control board 50 is schematically shown to be connected to the transceiver component 20. During specific implementation, the main control board 50 may include a power supply, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a network port chip, and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and other structures to realize the function of the laser radar. The specific implementation can be designed according to actual conditions.

[0056] Optionally, the multi-line laser radar provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a shell and a filter cover; the shell and the filter cover form a closed shell to protect the multi-line laser radar; the rotating prism, the rotating mechanism, and each transceiver component are located in the shell, and the filter cover includes two filter areas arranged opposite to the emission directions of the two groups of transceiver components. The two filter areas can both adopt arc surfaces, and the intersection of the two filter areas can be smoothly transitioned, or spliced ​​at a certain angle, so that it can provide a larger emission angle to meet the requirements of a large scanning field of view of the laser radar in this embodiment. Schematically, Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The figures are schematic diagrams of the top view structure of a filter cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention. By making the filter cover corresponding to the scanning field of view of the multi-line laser radar into an arc surface, on the one hand, the volume of the multi-line laser radar can be reduced. On the other hand, because a larger incident angle will cause the laser transmittance to decrease and the reflectivity to increase when incident on the filter cover, it will affect the long-range detection characteristics of the radar and introduce the problem of radar short-range light interference. Designing the filter cover as an arc surface can prevent the angle of light incident on the filter cover from being too large, thereby improving the performance of the multi-line laser radar.

[0057] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a self-propelled vehicle, comprising: a vehicle body having a self-propelled mode; and any one of the multi-line laser radars provided in the above embodiments, the multi-line laser radar being arranged on both sides of the front and / or rear of the vehicle body. The self-propelled vehicle provided in this embodiment includes any one of the multi-line laser radars provided in the above embodiments, and has the same or corresponding technical effects as the multi-line laser radar, which will not be described in detail here.

[0058] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned laser radar can be set near the headlights, or integrated into a module with the headlights. In this case, the multi-line laser radar is equivalent to being located at the intersection of the two surfaces of the vehicle body. In this case, one set of transceiver components in the multi-line laser radar can detect the distance of obstacles in the area in front of the vehicle, and the other set can be used as a blind spot to detect obstacles in the side area, thereby reducing the number of laser radars installed on the vehicle, greatly reducing costs and helping to improve the appearance of the vehicle.

[0059] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-line laser radar, It is characterized in that It includes a rotating prism, a rotating mechanism and two sets of transmitting and receiving components; The rotating prism comprises at least three side surfaces, and the at least three side surfaces are arranged around the scanning rotation axis; at least two of the side surfaces are reflective surfaces; among all the reflective surfaces of the rotating prism, at least two of the reflective surfaces have unequal angles with the scanning rotation axis of the rotating prism; The rotating mechanism is used to drive the rotating prism to rotate around the scanning rotation axis; The two groups of transceiver components are respectively located on both sides of the rotating prism, and the two groups of transceiver components are asymmetrically arranged relative to the scanning rotation axis, and the angle between the laser emitting surfaces of the two groups of transceiver components is less than 180 degrees, so that when the rotating mechanism drives the rotating prism to rotate around the scanning rotation axis, the laser beam is projected to at least two directions after the rotating prism rotates and scans to form a corresponding scanning field of view; For any of the above-mentioned reflective surfaces, the angle between it and the scanning rotation axis is simultaneously greater than the angles between its two adjacent reflective surfaces and the scanning rotation axis, or simultaneously smaller than the angles between its two adjacent reflective surfaces and the scanning rotation axis; At least one reflection surface of the rotating prism includes at least two reflection areas sequentially distributed along the scanning rotation axis; the angle between each reflection area and the scanning rotation axis is not completely the same.

2. The multi-line laser radar according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The two groups of transceiver components include a first transceiver component and a second transceiver component, the first transceiver component forms a first scanning field of view when the rotating prism rotates, and the second transceiver component forms a second scanning field of view when the rotating prism rotates; The vertical scanning resolution of the first transceiver component in the first scanning field of view is greater than the vertical scanning resolution of the second transceiver component in the second scanning field of view; The direction parallel to the scanning rotation axis of the rotating prism is the vertical direction.

3. The multi-line laser radar according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that Each group of transceiver components includes at least one laser emitting unit and at least one laser receiving unit; the laser emitting unit includes a plurality of lasers, and the emitted light beams of each laser in the same laser emitting unit have a non-zero angle; the plurality of lasers in the same laser emitting unit are integrated on the same circuit board; The laser receiving unit includes a plurality of photoelectric detectors, each of which is used to receive a light beam emitted by a corresponding laser and returned by a target to be measured; Multiple photodetectors of the same laser receiving unit are integrated on the same circuit board.

4. The multi-line laser radar according to claim 3, It is characterized in that Each group of the transceiver components also includes a transmitting mirror group and a receiving mirror group. The transmitting mirror group is arranged between the laser emitting unit and the rotating prism, and is used to collimate the laser beam emitted by the laser emitting unit and irradiate it onto the reflecting surface of the rotating prism. The receiving mirror group is arranged between the laser receiving unit and the rotating prism, and is used to converge the laser beam reflected by the reflecting surface of the rotating prism and irradiate it onto the laser receiving unit.

5. The multi-line laser radar according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The multiple side surfaces of the rotating prism form a hollow shaft; the rotating mechanism is arranged in the hollow shaft of the rotating prism.

6. The multi-line laser radar according to claim 3, It is characterized in that It also includes an encoder, which is arranged on the rotating prism and is used to detect and output the angle information of the rotating prism and / or the speed information of the rotating mechanism; and / or a main control board, and the rotating mechanism, the encoder, the laser emitting unit and the laser receiving unit in the transceiver assembly are all connected to the main control board.

7. The multi-line laser radar according to claim 1, It is characterized in that It also includes a shell and a filter cover; the shell and the filter cover form a closed shell to protect the multi-line laser radar; the filter cover includes two filter areas arranged opposite to the emission directions of the two groups of transceiver components.

8. A self-propelled vehicle, It is characterized in that include: A vehicle body having a self-moving mode; and the multi-line laser radar according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the multi-line laser radar is arranged on both sides of the front and / or rear of the vehicle body.

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