A fully automatic processing lathe

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of lathes, and specifically refers to a fully automatic machining lathe, including a base, the base is provided with a plurality of cutting tools, a column is provided on the base located at the rear side of the cutting tools, a transverse slide is provided on the column, a saddle is provided on the transverse slide, a vertical slide is provided on the saddle, a lathe spindle is provided on the vertical slide, a workpiece fixture 1 is provided on the output shaft of the lathe spindle, a conveyor belt is provided on the base, a workpiece fixture 2 is provided on the base located between the conveyor belt and the lathe spindle, a visual camera is provided directly above the workpiece fixture 2, and a clamping device and a placement point are also provided on the base. The present invention enables a lathe to complete multiple machining operations at the same time, effectively improving the overall machining efficiency of workpiece machining; with the help of the clamping device, the workpiece can be transferred between the conveyor belt and the workpiece fixture 2 and between the workpiece fixture 2 and the placement point, realizing fully automated workpiece loading, workpiece machining and workpiece unloading, and effectively reducing labor costs.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lathes, in particular to a full-automatic processing lathe. Background technology:

[0002] The conventional structure of existing lathes is that the positions of the lathe spindle and the workpiece fixture are in a fixed state, and the tool is moved by a slide rail or other mechanism to achieve position movement such as feed and retract. Its working principle is: the workpiece is clamped by the fixture, the fixture and the workpiece are driven by the spindle to rotate circumferentially to adjust the position of the workpiece, and the tool is moved to the position where the workpiece needs to be processed by a slide rail or other mechanism for feed processing. The tool can be a milling cutter, reamer, drill bit, turning tool and other types of metal processing tools. Therefore, a lathe is only equipped with one tool to perform one processing operation. When processing complex workpieces, multiple lathes are required to process them in sequence, and the processing efficiency is not high.

[0003] At the same time, the loading and unloading operations of lathes usually require manual loading and unloading. This is because some workpieces need to be adjusted before processing so that the tool can accurately fall on the processing area, which leads to high labor costs, low mechanical automation of the lathe, and low processing efficiency. Summary of the invention:

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a fully automatic machining lathe which can use multiple tools to process in sequence simultaneously, has a high degree of mechanical automation, low labor cost and high machining efficiency.

[0005] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0006] A fully automatic machining lathe comprises a base, wherein the base is provided with a plurality of tools driven to rotate by a power device 1 at intervals along the lateral direction, a column is provided on the base at the rear side of the tool, a transverse slide rail is provided on the column laterally, a saddle that can slide left and right along the transverse slide rail is provided on the transverse slide rail, a vertical slide rail is provided on the saddle vertically, a lathe spindle that can slide up and down along the vertical slide rail is provided on the vertical slide rail, an output shaft of the lathe spindle is vertically arranged and a workpiece clamp 1 is provided at its lower end, a conveyor belt for conveying workpieces is provided on the base, a workpiece clamp 2 driven to rotate by a power device 2 is provided vertically on the base between the conveyor belt and the lathe spindle, a visual camera that can photograph the workpiece clamped on the workpiece clamp 2 is provided directly above the workpiece clamp 2, a clamping device and a placement point located directly below the lathe spindle are also provided on the base, and the clamping device can clamp and transfer the workpieces on the conveyor belt, the workpiece clamp 2 and the placement point.

[0007] In the above-mentioned fully automatic processing lathe, the clamping device includes a linear slide rail 1, on which is provided a sliding base plate that can slide left and right along the linear slide rail 1, a linear slide rail 2 is vertically arranged on the sliding base plate, and on the linear slide rail 2 is provided a clamp assembly that can slide up and down along the linear slide rail 2.

[0008] In the above-mentioned fully automatic machining lathe, the clamp assembly includes a rotating cylinder 1 slidably connected to a linear slide rail 2, and the output end of the rotating cylinder 1 is fixed with a gripper base arranged in a horizontal direction, and grippers 1 are arranged at the upper and lower relative positions of the gripper base.

[0009] In the above-mentioned fully automatic machining lathe, the clamping device is a robot arm.

[0010] In the above-mentioned fully automatic machining lathe, a positioning component is fixed at the placement point of the base.

[0011] In the above-mentioned fully automatic machining lathe, the positioning component includes a rotating cylinder 2 fixed at the placement point of the base, a rotating body is fixed to the output end of the rotating cylinder 2, and a plurality of clamps 2 are fixed on the rotating body. When the rotating body drives the clamps 2 to rotate, the clamps 2 are rotated to the position directly below the lathe spindle and are arranged vertically.

[0012] In the above-mentioned fully automatic processing lathe, the conveyor belt includes a loading conveyor belt and a unloading conveyor belt arranged side by side, and the loading conveyor belt and the unloading conveyor belt have opposite conveying directions.

[0013] In the above-mentioned fully automatic machining lathe, the tools include a transverse tool arranged in the transverse direction and a vertical tool arranged in the vertical direction, the power device is a rotating spindle, and the transverse tool and the vertical tool are driven to rotate by the corresponding rotating spindle.

[0014] In the above-mentioned fully automatic machining lathe, the base and the column are covered with a box body on their peripheries, and the visual camera is fixed on the box body.

[0015] In the above-mentioned fully automatic processing lathe, an accordion-type protective cover is arranged between the left and right side surfaces of the saddle and the corresponding side surfaces of the box body.

[0016] The outstanding advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0017] 1. The present invention fixes multiple machining tools on a base, and the lathe spindle clamps the workpiece to be machined through a workpiece clamp and performs horizontal and vertical displacement, so that the workpiece to be machined can be moved to the machining station where the corresponding tool is located in sequence to perform corresponding machining, so as to achieve a lathe to complete multiple machining operations at the same time, and effectively improve the overall machining efficiency of workpiece machining;

[0018] 2. The present invention uses a clamping device to enable the workpiece to be transferred between the conveyor belt and the second workpiece fixture and between the second workpiece fixture and the placement point, thereby realizing fully automated workpiece loading, workpiece processing and workpiece unloading, effectively reducing labor costs;

[0019] 3. The present invention uses a visual camera to photograph the workpiece clamped by the second workpiece clamp, and the control assembly recognizes the photographed photo, and then controls the second power device to drive the second workpiece clamp to rotate circumferentially, thereby adjusting the placement posture of the workpiece. Description of the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is an overall stereogram of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional diagram of the embodiment 1 of the present invention without a box body;

[0022] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention without a box body and an accordion-type protective cover;

[0023] Figure 4 is a partial stereogram of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention without a box body and an accordion-type protective cover.

[0025] In the figure: 1. base; 2. column; 3. horizontal slide; 4. saddle; 5. vertical slide; 6. lathe spindle; 7. workpiece fixture 1; 8. workpiece fixture 2; 9. visual camera; 10. linear slide 1; 11. sliding base plate; 12. rotary cylinder 1; 13. gripper base; 14. gripper 1; 15. robot arm; 16. rotary cylinder 2; 17. rotating body; 18. gripper 2; 19. loading conveyor belt; 20. unloading conveyor belt; 21. horizontal tool; 22. vertical tool; 23. box; 24. accordion protective cover. Specific implementation method:

[0026] The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. Figure 1 —5:

[0027] Embodiment 1:

[0028] A fully automatic machining lathe comprises a base 1, wherein the base 1 is provided with a plurality of tools driven to rotate by a power device at intervals along the horizontal direction, a column 2 is provided on the base 1 at the rear side of the tool, a horizontal slide rail 3 is provided on the column 2 along the horizontal direction, a saddle 4 capable of sliding left and right along the horizontal slide rail 3 is provided on the horizontal slide rail 3, a vertical slide rail 5 is provided on the saddle 4 along the vertical direction, a lathe spindle 6 capable of sliding up and down along the vertical slide rail 5 is provided on the vertical slide rail 5, an output shaft of the lathe spindle 6 is provided along the vertical direction and a workpiece clamp is provided at its lower end A tool 7 is provided on the base 1 for transmitting the workpiece. A workpiece clamp 8 driven by a power device 2 is vertically provided on the base 1 between the conveyor belt and the lathe spindle 6. A visual camera 9 capable of photographing the workpiece clamped on the workpiece clamp 8 is provided directly above the workpiece clamp 8. A clamping device and a placement point located directly below the lathe spindle 6 are also provided on the base 1. The clamping device can clamp and transfer the workpiece on the conveyor belt, the workpiece clamp 8 and the placement point.

[0029] Furthermore, the present invention also includes a control assembly, which controls the working status of each component, wherein the visual camera 9 can transmit the captured photos to the control assembly, and the control assembly recognizes the photos and then controls the power device 2 to drive the workpiece clamp 2 8 to rotate circumferentially.

[0030] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the workpiece to be processed on the conveyor belt is clamped by a clamping device, and the workpiece to be processed is transferred to the workpiece fixture 2 8, the visual camera 9 takes a picture of the workpiece to be processed in the workpiece fixture 2 8 and transmits the picture to the control assembly, the control assembly controls the power device 2 to drive the workpiece fixture to rotate circumferentially to adjust the placement posture of the workpiece to be processed; the clamping device then clamps the workpiece to be processed on the workpiece fixture 2 8 and transfers the workpiece to be processed to the placement point; then, the lathe spindle 6 clamps the workpiece to be processed at the placement point through the workpiece fixture 1 7, and the workpiece to be processed is processed in turn by different types of tools to obtain a finished workpiece; finally, the lathe spindle 6 places the finished workpiece at the placement point through the workpiece fixture 1 7, and the clamping device clamps the finished workpiece at the placement point and transfers it to the conveyor belt, thereby completing one workpiece processing, realizing fully automated workpiece loading, workpiece processing and workpiece unloading.

[0031] Among them, the saddle 4 slides left and right along the transverse slide rail 3 to realize the lateral displacement of the lathe spindle 6, and the lathe spindle 6 slides up and down along the vertical slide rail 5 to realize the vertical displacement of the lathe spindle 6; and, in this embodiment, the saddle 4 and the lathe spindle 6 are driven to slide by the corresponding screw rod and servo motor, that is, the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the screw rod through a coupling, and the screw rod is threaded with a nut fixed on the saddle 4 or the lathe spindle 6.

[0032] In this embodiment, the specific structure adopted by the clamping device is as follows: the clamping device includes a linear slide rail 10, a sliding base plate 11 capable of sliding left and right along the linear slide rail 10 is provided on the linear slide rail 10, a linear slide rail 2 is vertically provided on the sliding base plate 11, and a clamp assembly capable of sliding up and down along the linear slide rail 2 is provided on the linear slide rail 2. Furthermore, the two ends of the linear slide rail 10 are rotatably connected to the corresponding two ends of the transmission belt through rollers, one of which is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor 1, and the sliding base plate 11 is fixed on the transmission belt, and the driving motor 1 drives the roller to drive the transmission belt to rotate, thereby driving the sliding base plate 11 to slide left and right along the linear slide rail 10. The clamp assembly is driven to slide by the screw rod and the driving motor 2, that is, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the screw rod through a coupling, and a nut fixed to the clamp assembly is threadedly connected to the screw rod.

[0033] Furthermore, since the lathe spindle 6 places the finished workpiece at the placement point through the workpiece clamp 7, under normal circumstances, the clamp device can only clamp the finished workpiece first and transfer it to the conveyor belt before placing the workpiece to be processed at the placement point. Therefore, in order to improve the processing efficiency of the present invention and reduce the number of reciprocating slides of the clamp assembly along the linear slide rail 10 during loading and unloading, the clamp assembly includes a rotating cylinder 12 slidably connected to the linear slide rail 2, and the output end of the rotating cylinder 12 is fixed with a gripper base 13 arranged in the horizontal direction, and the gripper base 13 is provided with a clamping jaw 14 at the upper and lower relative positions. That is, one of the grippers 14 is used to clamp the finished workpiece at the placement point, and then the gripper base 13 is driven by the rotating cylinder 12 to rotate 180°, so that the other gripper 14 can place the gripper to be processed at the placement point.

[0034] In addition, since the clamping device and the workpiece clamp 7 on the lathe spindle 6 can easily cause the position or posture of the workpiece to be processed that has completed posture adjustment to shift, in order to improve the stability of the present invention, a positioning component is fixed at the placement point of the base 1.

[0035] At the same time, after the workpiece is processed, if a workpiece to be processed has been placed at the placement point, the lathe spindle 6 will not be able to place the finished workpiece at the placement point through the workpiece clamp 7. Therefore, in order to improve the processing efficiency of the present invention and enable the lathe spindle 6 to continuously perform processing operations, the positioning component includes a rotating cylinder 16 fixed at the placement point of the base 1, and a rotating body 17 is fixed to the output end of the rotating cylinder 16. A plurality of clamps 18 are fixed on the rotating body 17. When the rotating body 17 drives the clamps 18 to rotate, the clamps 18 are rotated to the position directly below the lathe spindle 6 and are arranged vertically. In the present embodiment, two clamping jaws 18 are provided, that is, after the workpiece is processed, the lathe spindle 6 places the finished workpiece in the clamping jaw 18 in a vertical state through the workpiece clamp 7, and then the rotating cylinder 16 drives the rotating body 17 to rotate, so that the other clamping jaw 18 can rotate the workpiece to be processed to a vertical state, so that the workpiece clamp 7 can immediately clamp the workpiece to be processed after placing the finished workpiece, so as to ensure that the lathe spindle 6 can perform continuous processing operations.

[0036] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the conveyor belt includes a loading conveyor belt 19 and a unloading conveyor belt 20 arranged side by side, and the loading conveyor belt 19 and the unloading conveyor belt 20 have opposite transmission directions. That is, the workpiece to be processed is transmitted by the loading conveyor belt 19, and the finished workpiece is transmitted by the unloading conveyor belt 20.

[0037] In order to enable the present invention to perform various processing techniques, the tool includes a horizontal tool 21 arranged in the horizontal direction and a vertical tool 22 arranged in the vertical direction, and the power device 1 is a rotating spindle, and the horizontal tool 21 and the vertical tool 22 are driven to rotate by the corresponding rotating spindle. Among them, the horizontal tool 21 and the vertical tool 22 can be various metal processing tools such as milling cutters, reamer, drill bits, and lathe tools.

[0038] Furthermore, the above-mentioned power device 2 can also be adopted as a rotating main shaft. Of course, the power device 2 can also be a torque motor or a rotating cylinder.

[0039] In addition, in order to improve the safety of the present invention, a box 23 is mounted on the periphery of the base 1 and the column 2 , and the visual camera 9 is fixed on the box 23 .

[0040] At the same time, in order to prevent iron chips from splashing into the transverse slide rail 3 during processing, causing the transverse displacement accuracy of the lathe spindle 6 to shift, an accordion-type protective cover 24 is provided between the left and right side surfaces of the saddle 4 and the corresponding side surfaces of the box body 23.

[0041] Embodiment 2:

[0042] The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment 2, and the main difference is that the clamping device is a robot arm 15. That is, the robot arm 15 is used to realize the transfer of the workpiece between the conveyor belt and the second workpiece fixture 8 and between the second workpiece fixture 8 and the placement point.

[0043] The above embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the shape, structure, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic processing lathe, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), wherein the base (1) is provided with a plurality of tools which are driven to rotate by a power device at intervals along the horizontal direction, a column (2) is provided on the base (1) at the rear side of the tool, a horizontal slide rail (3) is provided on the column (2) along the horizontal direction, a saddle (4) which can slide left and right along the horizontal slide rail (3) is provided on the horizontal slide rail (3), a vertical slide rail (5) is provided on the saddle (4) along the vertical direction, a lathe spindle (6) which can slide up and down along the vertical slide rail (5) is provided on the vertical slide rail (5), an output shaft of the lathe spindle (6) is provided along the vertical direction and a workpiece fixture is provided at its lower end One (7), the base (1) is provided with a conveyor belt for conveying workpieces, and a workpiece fixture (8) driven to rotate by a power device (2) is vertically provided on the base (1) between the conveyor belt and the lathe spindle (6). A visual camera (9) capable of photographing the workpiece clamped on the workpiece fixture (8) is provided directly above the workpiece fixture (8). The base (1) is also provided with a clamping device and a placement point located directly below the lathe spindle (6). The clamping device can clamp and transfer the conveyor belt, the workpiece fixture (8) and the workpiece on the placement point; The clamping device comprises a linear slide rail (10), on which a sliding base plate (11) capable of sliding left and right along the linear slide rail (10) is provided, on which a linear slide rail (2) is vertically provided, and on which a clamping assembly capable of sliding up and down along the linear slide rail (2) is provided; The clamp assembly comprises a rotary cylinder (12) slidably connected to a linear slide rail (2); a gripper base (13) arranged in a horizontal direction is fixed to the output end of the rotary cylinder (12); and grippers (14) are arranged at upper and lower relative positions of the gripper base (13); A positioning component is fixed at a placement point of the base (1); The positioning assembly comprises a second rotary cylinder (16) fixed at a placement point of a base (1), a rotating body (17) fixed to the output end of the second rotary cylinder (16), a plurality of second clamping jaws (18) fixed to the rotating body (17), and when the second clamping jaws (18) are rotated by the rotating body (17), the second clamping jaws (18) are rotated to be arranged vertically directly below the lathe spindle (6).

2. A fully automatic machining lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveyor belt comprises a loading conveyor belt (19) and a unloading conveyor belt (20) which are arranged side by side, and the loading conveyor belt (19) and the unloading conveyor belt (20) have opposite transmission directions.

3. The fully automatic machining lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool comprises a transverse tool (21) arranged in the transverse direction and a vertical tool (22) arranged in the vertical direction. The first power device is a rotating spindle. The transverse tool (21) and the vertical tool (22) are driven to rotate by the corresponding rotating spindle.

4. The fully automatic machining lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) and the column (2) are covered with a box (23) on their outer peripheries, and the visual camera (9) is fixed on the box (23).

5. A fully automatic machining lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that: An accordion-type protective cover (24) is provided between the left and right side surfaces of the saddle (4) and the corresponding side surfaces of the box body (23).

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