An in-situ testing device and method for axial impact resistance of tunnel anchor

Abstract

The present invention discloses an in-situ testing device and method for the axial impact resistance of a tunnel anchor rod, wherein the anchor rod is inserted into the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and the anchor rod has an extended end, and the extended end extends out of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and the testing device comprises: a pressure-bearing beam, and support columns are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the lower surface, and a base is provided at the bottom of the support column; an energy impact unit, comprising a lifting connection mechanism and an impact weight, and the lifting connection mechanism is used to release the impact weight to a set height to form impact energy; an energy conduction unit, which is respectively connected to the energy impact unit and the extended end of the anchor rod; and a data monitoring unit, which is used to monitor the impact resistance data of the anchor rod. The present invention achieves in-situ testing of the impact resistance of the anchor rod and obtains real field data; at the same time, the present invention can adapt to a variety of anchor rod arrangement situations, and the impact energy is convenient to control, and the results are easy to analyze.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering test research, and in particular to an in-situ testing device and method for the axial impact resistance of a tunnel anchor. Background Art

[0002] Anchor reinforcement is currently the most common and important support method for anchoring in deep mines. A large number of tests and field projects have shown that anchor reinforcement has played an effective protective role in the tunnel, the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock mass supported by anchors have been significantly improved, the stress distribution of the rock mass has been optimized, the bearing capacity of the tunnel surrounding rock has been enhanced, the deformation of the mine tunnel has been significantly reduced, and the mine safety has been significantly improved. Rock burst is a common dynamic phenomenon in coal mine production, which often causes rapid deformation and damage of the tunnel, casualties, and even damage to ground buildings. How to ensure that the tunnel does not become unstable and damaged when the rock burst occurs has always been one of the important research directions of experts and scholars at home and abroad. As the most important and effective support method for underground tunnels, the impact and damage state of anchors when rock bursts occur, as well as the impact load resistance of anchors, have received more and more attention and research.

[0003] At present, most of the tests on the impact loads on anchor rods are tests that directly impact the anchor rod itself, or use laboratory methods to simulate the site to test the ultimate impact load of the anchor rod. Taking the invention patent 201210093451.5 as an example, this invention patent mainly conducts direct impact tests on anchor rods and trays. In the case of mine tunnels, it is often not only the anchor rod itself that is damaged, but also depends on the anchoring state of the anchor rod and the rock mass; taking the invention patent 201110387388.1 as an example, the combined effect of dynamic and static loads on the impact of anchor rods is taken into account, but it only acts on the anchor rod body, and still does not take into account the interaction between the anchor rod and the rock mass; taking the invention patent 201520987499.X as an example, this patent takes into account the degree of impact of the anchor rod and the supporting rock mass under the impact, but because it is a small-scale similar simulation test, there is a certain gap with the actual situation on site, and the test process does not include data collection, so it is impossible to quantitatively analyze the impact effect, and can only observe the state of the anchor body after the impact. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention mainly solves the technical problems existing in the prior art, thereby providing an in-situ testing device and method for the axial impact resistance of tunnel anchors, which has good flexibility, adaptability to various anchor arrangement conditions, convenient impact energy regulation, and easy analysis of results.

[0005] The above technical problems of the present invention are mainly solved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides an in-situ testing device for the axial impact resistance of a tunnel anchor rod, wherein the anchor rod is inserted into the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and the anchor rod has an extended end, and the extended end extends out of the surrounding rock of the tunnel. The testing device comprises:

[0007] A pressure-bearing crossbeam, with support columns respectively provided on the left and right sides of the lower surface, and a base provided at the bottom of each support column;

[0008] The energy impact unit comprises a lifting connection mechanism and an impact weight, wherein one end of the lifting connection mechanism is connected to the center position of the lower surface of the pressure-bearing crossbeam, and the other end of the lifting connection mechanism is connected to the impact weight, and the lifting connection mechanism is used to lift the impact weight to a set height and then release it to form impact energy;

[0009] An energy conduction unit, connected to the energy impact unit and the extended end of the anchor rod, respectively, and used to conduct the impact energy generated by the energy impact unit to the extended end of the anchor rod, so that the extended end of the anchor rod is subjected to an impact force in an axial direction;

[0010] The data monitoring unit is used to monitor the impact resistance data of the anchor rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the lifting connection mechanism includes a manual lifting hoist, a self-unloading hook and a first steel wire rope, the upper part of the manual lifting hoist is connected to the center position of the lower surface of the pressure-bearing beam, the lower part of the manual lifting hoist is connected to the self-unloading hook, the self-unloading hook is self-unloadingly connected to one end of the first steel wire rope, and the other end of the first steel wire rope is connected to the impact weight.

[0012] Furthermore, the impact weight includes a support plate, an intermediate straight rod and a plurality of weight plates, the support plate is provided with lifting ears on both sides, the intermediate straight rod is vertically arranged at the center position of the upper surface of the support plate, and the plurality of weight plates are stacked in sequence and passed through the intermediate straight rod, wherein the top of the intermediate straight rod is higher than the uppermost layer of the weight plate, and the top of the intermediate straight rod is connected to the other end of the first steel wire rope.

[0013] Furthermore, the energy conduction unit comprises:

[0014] A sliding block is slidably connected to the supporting column, and the sliding block can be locked on the supporting column by screws;

[0015] A pulley rod is horizontally arranged and close to one side of the anchor rod, and the left and right sides of the pulley rod are respectively connected to the sliding block;

[0016] A special-shaped fixed pulley is rotatably arranged at the middle of the pulley rod; the outer circumferential surface of the special-shaped fixed pulley is provided with first to third protruding ends at intervals;

[0017] A second steel wire rope, one end of which is fixedly connected to the first protruding end, and the other end of which is connected to the extended end of the anchor rod via the data monitoring and processing unit; and the axis of the second steel wire rope is collinear with the axis of the anchor rod;

[0018] a third steel wire rope, one end of which is fixedly connected to the second protruding end, and the other end of which is connected to the adjusting weight;

[0019] A fourth steel wire rope has one end connected to the cantilevers on both sides of the third protruding end, and the other end of the fourth steel wire rope is connected to the lifting ear.

[0020] Furthermore, the data monitoring and processing unit includes a sensor integrated box, one end of the sensor integrated box is provided with a threaded hole, the threaded hole is threadedly connected to the protruding end of the anchor rod, the other end of the sensor integrated box is provided with a connecting block, the connecting block is connected to the other end of the second steel wire rope, wherein the sensor integrated box is also provided with a sensor output port.

[0021] Furthermore, a buffer pad is provided under the impact weight, the buffer pad is placed on the ground, and the base is provided with an extension plate in a direction perpendicular to the pressure-bearing crossbeam.

[0022] The present invention provides a testing method for an in-situ testing device for the axial impact resistance of a tunnel anchor rod, which comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1. According to the height and inclination of the anchor to be measured, the height and angle of the energy conduction unit are adjusted so that the height and angle of the energy conduction unit match the height and inclination of the anchor to be measured;

[0024] S2, the lifting connection mechanism of the energy impact unit lifts the impact weight to a set height and then releases it to generate impact energy;

[0025] S3, the energy conduction unit conducts the impact energy generated by the energy impact unit to the extended end of the anchor rod, so that the extended end of the anchor rod is subjected to an impact force in the axial direction;

[0026] S4. The data monitoring and processing unit monitors the impact resistance data of the anchor rod.

[0027] Furthermore, the step S1 comprises:

[0028] S11. According to the height and inclination of the anchor rod to be measured, open the screws on the sliding block to adjust the height of the sliding block up and down along the supporting column;

[0029] S12, adjust the angle of the second steel wire rope to be consistent with the angle of the anchor rod to be measured, tighten the screws on the sliding block, and lock the sliding block on the supporting column;

[0030] S13, connecting the adjusting weight to the second protruding end of the special-shaped fixed pulley via the third steel wire rope, so that the second steel wire rope is tensioned.

[0031] Furthermore, the step S2 comprises:

[0032] S21, connecting the impact weight to the self-unloading hook through the first steel wire rope, and connecting the impact weight to the third protruding end cantilever of the special-shaped fixed pulley through the fourth steel wire rope;

[0033] S22. Use a hand hoist to lift the impact weight to the set height, confirm that the on-site environment is safe, and use the self-unloading hook to release the impact weight to generate impact energy.

[0034] Furthermore, the step S4 includes: using the sensor integrated box of the data monitoring and processing unit to monitor the impact energy parameters, and perform data collection and processing.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the impact weight is lifted to a set height by the lifting connection mechanism of the energy impact unit and then released to form impact energy; then, the energy conduction unit conducts the impact energy generated by the energy impact unit to the protruding end of the anchor rod, so that the protruding end of the anchor rod is subjected to an impact force in the axial direction; finally, the impact resistance data of the anchor rod is monitored by the data monitoring unit, thereby achieving in-situ testing of the impact resistance performance of the anchor rod and obtaining real field data; at the same time, the impact weight of the present invention can be adjusted to provide sufficient impact energy to impact the anchor rod, which can adapt to a variety of anchor rod arrangements, the impact energy is convenient to control, and the results are easy to analyze. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a working state diagram of the in-situ testing device for the axial impact resistance of a tunnel anchor rod of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an in-situ testing device for the axial impact resistance of a tunnel anchor rod according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a special-shaped fixed pulley of an in-situ testing device for axial impact resistance of a tunnel anchor rod of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram of an impact weight of an in-situ testing device for the axial impact resistance of a tunnel anchor rod of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sensor integrated box of an in-situ testing device for axial impact resistance of a tunnel anchor rod of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a method flow chart of the testing method of the in-situ testing device for the axial impact resistance of the tunnel anchor rod of the present invention.

[0043] In the figure:

[0044] 1- Anchor rod;

[0045] 2-pressure beam;

[0046] 3- Support columns;

[0047] 4- Base;

[0048] 5-energy impact unit, 51-impact weight, 511-support plate, 512-middle straight rod, 513-weight plate, 514-lifting lug, 52-manual lifting hoist, 53-self-unloading hook, 54-first wire rope;

[0049] 6-energy conduction unit, 61-sliding block, 62-pulley rod, 63-special-shaped fixed pulley, 631-first protruding end, 632-second protruding end, 633-third protruding end, 64-second steel wire rope, 65-third steel wire rope, 66-fourth steel wire rope, 67-adjusting weight;

[0050] 7-data monitoring unit, 71-sensor integrated box, 72-threaded hole, 73-connection block, 74-sensor output port;

[0051] 8- cushion;

[0052] 9-Extension board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] See also Figure 1-4 As shown, the in-situ testing device for the axial impact resistance of a tunnel anchor rod of the present invention, the anchor rod 1 is penetrated in the surrounding rock of the tunnel, the anchor rod 1 has an extended end, and the extended end penetrates to the outside of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and the testing device comprises:

[0055] The pressure-bearing crossbeam 2 has support columns 3 on the left and right sides of the lower surface, and a base 4 is provided at the bottom of the support columns 3;

[0056] The energy impact unit 5 includes a lifting connection mechanism and an impact weight 51, one end of the lifting connection mechanism is connected to the center position of the lower surface of the pressure-bearing crossbeam 2, and the other end of the lifting connection mechanism is connected to the impact weight 51, and the lifting connection mechanism is used to lift the impact weight 51 to a set height and then release it to form impact energy;

[0057] The energy conduction unit 6 is connected to the energy impact unit 5 and the extended end of the anchor rod 1 respectively, and the energy conduction unit 6 is used to conduct the impact energy generated by the energy impact unit 5 to the extended end of the anchor rod 1, so that the extended end of the anchor rod 1 is subjected to an impact force in the axial direction;

[0058] The data monitoring unit 7 is used to monitor the impact resistance data of the anchor rod 1 .

[0059] The present invention uses the lifting connection mechanism of the energy impact unit 5 to lift the impact weight 51 to a set height and then releases it to form impact energy; then, the energy conduction unit 6 conducts the impact energy generated by the energy impact unit 5 to the protruding end of the anchor rod 1, so that the protruding end of the anchor rod 1 is subjected to an impact force in the axial direction; finally, the impact resistance data of the anchor rod 1 is monitored by the data monitoring unit 7, thereby achieving an in-situ test of the impact resistance performance of the anchor rod 1 and obtaining real field data; at the same time, the impact weight 51 of the present invention can be adjusted to provide sufficient impact energy to impact the anchor rod 1, which can adapt to a variety of anchor rod 1 arrangements, the impact energy is convenient to control, and the results are easy to analyze.

[0060] Specifically, the lifting connection mechanism of the present invention includes a manual lifting hoist 52, a self-unloading hook 53 and a first steel wire rope 54. The upper part of the manual lifting hoist 52 is connected to the center position of the lower surface of the pressure beam 2, and the lower part of the manual lifting hoist 52 is connected to the self-unloading hook 53. The self-unloading hook 53 is self-unloadingly connected to one end of the first steel wire rope 54, and the other end of the first steel wire rope 54 is connected to the impact weight 51.

[0061] In the present invention, the impact weight 51 can be a metal with a relatively high density and is designed to be detachable and assembled. The weight 12 is connected to the self-unloading hook 53 by a first steel wire rope 54. The self-unloading hook 53 can be used to automatically lift and release the impact weight 51 to obtain impact energy.

[0062] Specifically, the impact weight 51 of the present invention includes a support plate 511, an intermediate straight rod 512 and a plurality of weight plates 513, the support plate 511 is provided with lifting ears 514 on both sides, the intermediate straight rod 512 is vertically arranged at the center of the upper surface of the support plate 511, and the plurality of weight plates 513 are stacked in sequence and penetrated on the intermediate straight rod 512, wherein the top of the intermediate straight rod 512 is higher than the uppermost weight plate 513, and the top of the intermediate straight rod 512 is connected to the other end of the first steel wire rope 54. The impact weight 51 designed by the present invention is formed by stacking multiple layers of weight plates 513 with holes in the middle, and different impact weights are formed by changing the number of stacked weight plates 513, thereby conveniently adjusting the impact energy. In this embodiment, the intermediate straight rod 512 is mainly used to limit the position of the weight plate 513 and connect the self-unloading hook 53.

[0063] The energy conduction unit 6 of the present invention comprises:

[0064] A sliding block 61 is slidably connected to the supporting column 3, and the sliding block 61 can be locked on the supporting column 3 by screws;

[0065] The pulley rod 62 is horizontally arranged and close to one side of the anchor rod 1, and the left and right sides of the pulley rod 62 are respectively connected to the sliding block 61;

[0066] The special-shaped fixed pulley 63 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the pulley rod 62; the first to third protruding ends (631-633) are arranged at intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the special-shaped fixed pulley 63;

[0067] A second steel wire rope 64, one end of which is fixedly connected to the first protruding end 631, and the other end of which is connected to the protruding end of the anchor rod 1 via the data monitoring and processing unit 7; and the axis of the second steel wire rope 64 is collinear with the axis of the anchor rod 1;

[0068] A third steel wire rope 65, one end of which is fixedly connected to the second protruding end 632, and the other end of the third steel wire rope 65 is connected to the adjustment weight 67;

[0069] One end of the fourth steel wire rope 66 is connected to the cantilevers on both sides of the third protruding end 633 , and the other end of the fourth steel wire rope 66 is connected to the lifting ear 514 .

[0070] In the present invention, the height position of the pulley rod 62 on the support column 3 is adjusted by the sliding block 61, and the position is locked by tightening the screw. The pulley rod 62 mainly provides an attachment point for the special-shaped fixed pulley 63. The third protruding end 633 of the special-shaped fixed pulley 63 is connected to the impact weight 51 through the fourth steel wire rope 66, and the impact energy of the impact weight 51 is transmitted to the special-shaped fixed pulley 63. When the impact weight 51 generates impact energy, it can drive the special-shaped fixed pulley 63 to rotate, thereby driving the first protruding end 631 to rotate, and then the impact energy acts on the extended end of the anchor rod 1. In this embodiment, the second protruding end 632 is connected to the adjustment weight 67 through the third steel wire rope 65, which is used to tension the second steel wire rope 64.

[0071] See also Figure 5 As shown, the data monitoring processing unit 7 of the present invention includes a sensor integrated box 71, one end of the sensor integrated box 71 is provided with a threaded hole 72, the threaded hole 72 is threadedly connected to the extended end of the anchor rod 1, the other end of the sensor integrated box 71 is provided with a connecting block 73, the connecting block 73 is connected to the other end of the second steel wire rope 64, wherein the sensor integrated box 71 is also provided with a sensor output port 74. In the present invention, the data transmission line is connected to the sensor output port 74, and data is collected by a computer or the like. One end of the integrated sensor box 71 is connected to the anchor rod 1, and the other end is connected to the second steel wire rope 64. The interior is composed of an acceleration sensor, a velocity sensor, a force sensor, a data collector, a power supply, etc., so as to monitor data changes during the impact process.

[0072] In the present invention, a buffer pad 8 is provided below the impact weight 51, and the buffer pad 8 is placed on the ground, and the base 4 is provided with an extension plate 9 in a direction perpendicular to the pressure-bearing crossbeam 2. In this embodiment, the base 4 is extended in the horizontal direction of the impact (extension plate 9), mainly to prevent the device from tipping over, and the buffer pad 8 is provided at the bottom mainly for: providing a buffer for the impact weight 51 to reduce the danger.

[0073] See also Figure 6 As shown, the testing method of the in-situ testing device for the axial impact resistance of the tunnel anchor rod of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0074] S1. According to the height and inclination of the anchor rod 1 to be tested, adjust the height and angle of the energy conduction unit 6 so that the height and angle of the energy conduction unit 6 match the height and inclination of the anchor rod 1 to be tested; in this embodiment, after bringing the various parts of the test device into the underground test detection position, the ground needs to be processed to ensure a certain degree of flatness, and then the main body of the device is assembled.

[0075] S2, the lifting connection mechanism of the energy impact unit 5 lifts the impact weight 51 to a set height and then releases it to generate impact energy;

[0076] S3, the energy conduction unit 6 conducts the impact energy generated by the energy impact unit 5 to the extended end of the anchor rod 1, so that the extended end of the anchor rod 1 is subjected to an impact force in the axial direction;

[0077] S4. The data monitoring and processing unit 7 monitors the impact resistance data of the anchor rod 1.

[0078] Specifically, step S1 of the present invention includes:

[0079] S11, according to the height and inclination of the anchor rod 1 to be measured, open the screws on the sliding block 61, so that the sliding block 61 can be adjusted up and down along the supporting column 3;

[0080] S12, adjust the angle of the second steel wire rope 64 to be consistent with the angle of the anchor rod 1 to be measured, tighten the screws on the sliding block 61, and lock the sliding block 61 on the supporting column 3;

[0081] S13, connecting the adjusting weight 51 to the second protruding end 632 on the special-shaped fixed pulley 63 via the third steel wire rope 65, so that the second steel wire rope 64 is tensioned.

[0082] Specifically, step S2 of the present invention includes:

[0083] S21, connecting the impact weight 51 to the self-unloading hook 53 through the first steel wire rope 54, and connecting the impact weight 51 to the cantilever of the third protruding end 633 of the special-shaped fixed pulley 63 through the fourth steel wire rope 66;

[0084] S22, using the hand chain hoist 52 to lift the impact weight 51 to a set height, confirming that the on-site environment is safe, and using the self-unloading hook 53 to release the impact weight 51 to generate impact energy.

[0085] The energy transfer method in step S3 of the present invention is: when the impact weight 51 generates impact energy, it can drive the special-shaped fixed pulley 63 to rotate, thereby driving the first protruding end 631 to rotate, and then applying a force to the extended end of the anchor rod 1 through the second steel wire rope 64.

[0086] Specifically, step S4 of the present invention includes: using the sensor integrated box of the data monitoring and processing unit 7 to monitor the impact energy parameters, and to collect and process the data. Specifically, the degree of impact of the anchor rod 1, whether the extended end of the anchor rod is loose, the extended distance, etc., are observed and checked, and the degree of impact is evaluated in combination with the impact energy.

[0087] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that are not conceived through creative work should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. An in-situ testing device for the axial impact resistance of a tunnel anchor rod, wherein the anchor rod is inserted into the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and the anchor rod has an extended end, and the extended end extends out of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, characterized in that: The testing device comprises: A pressure-bearing crossbeam, with support columns respectively provided on the left and right sides of the lower surface, and a base provided at the bottom of each support column; The energy impact unit comprises a lifting connection mechanism and an impact weight, wherein one end of the lifting connection mechanism is connected to the center position of the lower surface of the pressure-bearing crossbeam, and the other end of the lifting connection mechanism is connected to the impact weight; the lifting connection mechanism is used to lift the impact weight to a set height and then release the impact energy, and the lifting connection mechanism comprises a manual lifting hoist, a self-unloading hook and a first wire rope, the upper part of the manual lifting hoist is connected to the center position of the lower surface of the pressure-bearing crossbeam, and the lower part of the manual lifting hoist is connected to the self-unloading hook The self-unloading hook is connected to one end of the first steel wire rope in a self-unloading manner, and the other end of the first steel wire rope is connected to the impact weight; the impact weight comprises a support plate, an intermediate straight rod and a plurality of weight plates, and the two sides of the support plate are provided with lifting ears, the intermediate straight rod is vertically arranged at the center position of the upper surface of the support plate, and the plurality of weight plates are stacked in sequence and passed through the intermediate straight rod, wherein the top of the intermediate straight rod is higher than the uppermost weight plate, and the top of the intermediate straight rod is connected to the other end of the first steel wire rope; An energy conduction unit is connected to the energy impact unit and the extended end of the anchor rod, respectively, and is used to conduct the impact energy generated by the energy impact unit to the extended end of the anchor rod, so that the extended end of the anchor rod is subjected to an impact force in the axial direction; the energy conduction unit includes a sliding block, which is slidably connected to the support column, and the sliding block can be locked on the support column by screws; a pulley rod is horizontally arranged and close to one side of the anchor rod, and the left and right sides of the pulley rod are respectively connected to the sliding block; a special-shaped fixed pulley is rotatably arranged in the middle of the pulley rod , a first protruding end, a second protruding end and a third protruding end are arranged at intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the special-shaped fixed pulley; a second steel wire rope, one end of which is fixedly connected to the first protruding end, and the other end of the second steel wire rope is connected to the extended end of the anchor rod through a data monitoring and processing unit, and the axis of the second steel wire rope is colinear with the axis of the anchor rod; a third steel wire rope, one end of which is fixedly connected to the second protruding end, and the other end of the third steel wire rope is connected to the adjustment weight; a fourth steel wire rope, one end of which is connected to the cantilevers on both sides of the third protruding end, and the other end of the fourth steel wire rope is connected to the lifting ear; A data monitoring and processing unit is used to monitor the impact resistance data of the anchor rod. The data monitoring and processing unit includes a sensor integrated box. A threaded hole is provided at one end of the sensor integrated box. The threaded hole is threadedly connected to the protruding end of the anchor rod. A connecting block is provided at the other end of the sensor integrated box. The connecting block is connected to the other end of the second steel wire rope. A sensor output port is also provided on the sensor integrated box.

2. The in-situ testing device for the axial impact resistance of tunnel anchor bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer pad is provided below the impact weight and is placed on the ground. An extension plate is provided on the base in a direction perpendicular to the pressure-bearing crossbeam.

3. A testing method using the in-situ testing device for axial impact resistance of tunnel bolts according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. According to the height and inclination of the anchor to be measured, the height and angle of the energy conduction unit are adjusted so that the height and angle of the energy conduction unit match the height and inclination of the anchor to be measured; S2, the lifting connection mechanism of the energy impact unit lifts the impact weight to a set height and then releases it to generate impact energy; S3, the energy conduction unit conducts the impact energy generated by the energy impact unit to the extended end of the anchor rod, so that the extended end of the anchor rod is subjected to an impact force in the axial direction; S4. The data monitoring and processing unit monitors the impact resistance data of the anchor rod.

4. The testing method of the in-situ testing device for the axial impact resistance of tunnel bolts according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The step S1 comprises: S11. According to the height and inclination of the anchor rod to be measured, open the screws on the sliding block to adjust the height of the sliding block up and down along the supporting column; S12, adjust the angle of the second steel wire rope to be consistent with the angle of the anchor rod to be measured, tighten the screws on the sliding block, and lock the sliding block on the supporting column; S13, connecting the adjusting weight to the second protruding end of the special-shaped fixed pulley via the third steel wire rope, so that the second steel wire rope is tensioned.

5. The testing method of the in-situ testing device for the axial impact resistance of tunnel bolts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: S21, connecting the impact weight to the self-unloading hook through the first steel wire rope, and connecting the impact weight to the third protruding end cantilever of the special-shaped fixed pulley through the fourth steel wire rope; S22. Use a hand hoist to lift the impact weight to the set height, confirm that the on-site environment is safe, and use the self-unloading hook to release the impact weight to generate impact energy.

6. The testing method of the in-situ testing device for the axial impact resistance of tunnel bolts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S4 includes: using the sensor integrated box of the data monitoring and processing unit to monitor the impact energy parameters, and perform data collection and processing.

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