Lithium battery core pack disassembly device and method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of electronic waste recycling and utilization, and discloses a lithium battery core pack disassembly device and method. The lithium battery core pack disassembly device includes a clamping mechanism for clamping the core pack, a cutting mechanism for severing the electrode sheets, a pressing mechanism for compressing one end of the severed electrode sheet, a rewinding mechanism for unfolding and compressing the other end of the electrode sheet, and a separation mechanism for adsorbing and separating the unfolded electrode sheet. The present invention utilizes the interaction of the clamping mechanism, cutting mechanism, pressing mechanism, rewinding mechanism, and separation mechanism to achieve automated and individual disassembly of the lithium battery core pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic waste recycling, and in particular to a lithium battery core pack decomposition device and method. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries boast mature production processes, low packaging costs, and high yield rates. They offer advantages such as high energy density, excellent safety, and excellent consistency. However, with their widespread adoption, they are poised for a peak in battery scrappage. The disposal of these scrapped batteries has become a significant issue.

[0003] The main component of a lithium battery is the core pack, and the main component of the core pack is the pole piece. During assembly, the positive pole piece - diaphragm - negative pole piece - diaphragm are placed in the order from top to bottom, and then wound into a battery core pack. The battery core pack is then placed in the battery casing, and then the electrolyte is injected and sealed. This completes the assembly process of the lithium battery and makes it a finished battery. The positive and negative poles of the pole piece are composed of the current collector (copper foil and aluminum foil) and the positive and negative electrode materials, respectively. The cost of the pole piece accounts for a large proportion of the overall cost of the lithium battery. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to disassemble the core pack into each component and realize the decomposition and recycling of the positive and negative pole pieces of the lithium-ion battery core pack.

[0004] Furthermore, lithium battery recycling is prone to risks such as electrolyte leakage and heavy metal diffusion. Manual battery disassembly poses safety risks, including electrolyte corrosion to hands and inhalation of HF gas, which can harm health. Currently, recycling of used lithium batteries relies primarily on physical crushing and chemical extraction, which have drawbacks such as high energy consumption, high secondary pollution, and incomplete separation and recovery.

[0005] Therefore, a new lithium battery core pack disassembly device and method is urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a lithium battery core pack disassembly device and method, so as to enable lithium battery core packs to be automatically disassembled individually.

[0007] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A lithium battery core pack disassembly device, the core pack including pole pieces, the core pack disassembly device including a clamping mechanism for clamping the core pack, a cutting mechanism for cutting the pole pieces, a pressing mechanism for pressing one end of the cut pole piece, a rewinding mechanism for unfolding and pressing the other end of the pole piece, and a separation mechanism for adsorbing and separating the unfolded pole piece.

[0009] Preferably, the device further comprises a conveying mechanism for supplying the core package, wherein the conveying mechanism is arranged between the clamping mechanism and the cutting mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a recovery mechanism for recovering the separated pole pieces and an exhaust gas treatment mechanism for treating the waste gas and dust generated by the core package decomposition device.

[0011] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping X-guide rail, a clamping Z-guide rail and a clamping claw connected in sequence, the clamping claw is connected to a clamping claw cylinder, the clamping claw can clamp the core package and can move along the clamping X-guide rail and the clamping Z-guide rail.

[0012] Preferably, the cutting mechanism includes a cutting X-guide rail, a first cutting connecting plate, a cutting spring, a second cutting connecting plate and a cutting knife connected in sequence. The cutting knife can move along the cutting X-guide rail and cut off the pole piece of the core package by judging the deformation of the cutting spring.

[0013] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping Z-guide rail, a first clamping connecting plate, a clamping spring, a second clamping connecting plate and a clamping finger connected in sequence. The clamping finger can move along the clamping Z-guide rail and clamp one end of the severed pole piece by judging the deformation of the clamping spring.

[0014] Preferably, the rewinding mechanism includes a rewinding Y guide rail, a rewinding Z guide rail and a rewinding baffle connected in sequence. The rewinding Y guide rail is perpendicular to the pressing finger, and the rewinding baffle can move along the rewinding Y guide rail and the rewinding Z guide rail to unfold and press the other end of the cut pole piece.

[0015] Preferably, the pole piece is unfolded by the rewinding mechanism to form a first pole piece located at the top and a second pole piece located at the bottom; the separation mechanism includes a separation X-direction guide rail, a separation Z-direction connecting plate, a rotating motor, a separation Z-direction telescopic rod and a first vacuum suction cup connected in sequence, and a second vacuum suction cup for adsorbing the second pole piece is also provided under the second pole piece. The first vacuum suction cup can move along the separation X-direction guide rail, rotate along the rotating motor, and be driven to extend and retract by the separation Z-direction telescopic rod to adsorb the first pole piece.

[0016] A lithium battery electrode recycling method comprises the following steps:

[0017] Clamp the core package and cut the pole piece of the core package;

[0018] Press one end of the cut electrode tightly, and unfold the other end and press it tightly;

[0019] The unfolded electrode is adsorbed and separated.

[0020] Preferably, after the step of adsorbing and separating the unfolded electrode piece, the method further includes:

[0021] The electrodes after adsorption and separation are recovered.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The present invention realizes that the lithium battery core pack can be automatically disassembled individually by utilizing the mutual cooperation of the clamping mechanism, the cutting mechanism, the pressing mechanism, the rewinding mechanism and the separating mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lithium battery core pack disassembly device provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping mechanism;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting mechanism;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle clamping mechanism.

[0028] In the picture:

[0029] 1. Operating platform; 2. Conveying mechanism; 3. Clamping mechanism; 4. Cutting mechanism; 5. Pressing mechanism; 6. Rewinding mechanism; 7. Separating mechanism; 8. Recovering mechanism;

[0030] 31. Clamping the X-direction guide rail; 32. Clamping the Z-direction guide rail; 33. Clamping claw; 34. Clamping claw cylinder;

[0031] 41. Cut the X-direction guide rail; 42. First cut the connecting plate; 43. Cut the spring; 44. Second cut the connecting plate; 45. Cutting knife;

[0032] 51. Pressing the Z-direction guide rail; 52. First pressing connecting plate; 53. Pressing spring; 54. Second pressing connecting plate; 55. Pressing finger;

[0033] 61. Rewind Y guide rail; 62. Rewind Z guide rail; 63. Rewind baffle;

[0034] 71. Separate the X-direction guide rail; 72. Separate the Z-direction connecting plate; 73. Rotate the motor; 74. Separate the Z-direction telescopic rod; 75. First vacuum suction cup; 76. Second vacuum suction cup;

[0035] 81. First recycling box; 82. Second recycling box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, a lithium battery core pack disassembly device provided by the present invention includes an operating platform 1 and a conveying mechanism 2, a clamping mechanism 3, a cutting mechanism 4, a pressing mechanism 5, a rewinding mechanism 6, a separating mechanism 7, a recycling mechanism 8 and an exhaust gas treatment mechanism (not shown in the figure) arranged in sequence according to the lithium battery electrode disassembly process. The conveying mechanism 2, the clamping mechanism 3, the cutting mechanism 4, the pressing mechanism 5, the rewinding mechanism 6 and the separating mechanism 7 are all located on the operating platform 1, and the recycling mechanism 8 and the exhaust gas treatment mechanism are both located under the operating platform 1.

[0038] Specifically, the conveying mechanism 2 is arranged between the clamping mechanism 3 and the cutting mechanism 4, and one end of it is connected to a loading mechanism (not shown in the figure). The conveying mechanism 2 can transport the lithium battery core packs placed thereon by the loading mechanism to the required position of the next process (i.e., between the clamping mechanism 3 and the cutting mechanism 4) one by one in an orderly manner.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the clamping mechanism 3 includes a sequentially connected clamping X-guide rail 31, a clamping Z-guide rail 32, and a clamping jaw 33. The clamping X-guide rail 31 is fixed to the operating platform 1. The clamping jaw 33 is connected to a clamping jaw cylinder 34. The clamping jaw 33 can clamp the core pack and move along the clamping X-guide rail 31 and the clamping Z-guide rail 32. When the lithium battery cell pack on the conveying mechanism 2 moves to a certain position, the clamping jaw 33 is driven by a drive mechanism (such as a motor) to move along the clamping X-guide rail 31 and the clamping Z-guide rail 32 to the core pack position. The clamping jaw 33 is then clamped by the clamping jaw cylinder 34.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the cutting mechanism 4 includes a cutting X-guide rail 41, a first cutting connecting plate 42, a cutting spring 43, a second cutting connecting plate 44 and a cutting knife 45 connected in sequence. The cutting knife 45 can move along the cutting X-guide rail 41 and cut the pole piece and the diaphragm of the core package by judging the deformation of the cutting spring 43. Specifically, a distance sensor is set between the first cutting connecting plate 42 and the second cutting connecting plate 44, and the state of the cutting knife 45 being able to cut the pole piece and the diaphragm of the core package surface is characterized by setting a predetermined distance (i.e., the height after the cutting spring 43 is deformed). It is understandable that force sensors can also be set at the positions where the first cutting connecting plate 42 and the second cutting connecting plate 44 are connected to the cutting spring 43 respectively, and the state of the cutting knife 45 being able to cut the pole piece and the diaphragm of the core package surface is characterized by detecting the elastic force when the cutting spring 43 is deformed.

[0041] like Figure 4As shown, the clamping mechanism 5 includes a clamping Z-guide rail 51, a first clamping connecting plate 52, a clamping spring 53, a second clamping connecting plate 54 and a clamping finger 55 connected in sequence. The clamping finger 55 can move along the clamping Z-guide rail 51 and, by judging the deformation of the clamping spring 53, can clamp one end of the severed pole piece. Specifically, a distance sensor is provided between the first clamping connecting plate 52 and the second clamping connecting plate 54, and a predetermined distance (i.e., the height of the clamping spring 53 after deformation) is set to characterize the state in which the clamping finger 55 can clamp the pole piece and the end of the diaphragm after the pole piece and the diaphragm are severed. It is understandable that a force sensor can also be provided at the position where the first clamping connecting plate 52 and the second clamping connecting plate 54 are connected to the clamping spring 53 respectively, and the elastic force when the clamping spring 53 is deformed can be detected to characterize the state in which the clamping finger 55 can clamp the pole piece and the end of the diaphragm after the pole piece and the diaphragm are severed.

[0042] Please continue reading Figure 1 The rewinding mechanism 6 includes a rewinding Y guide rail 61, a rewinding Z guide rail 62 and a rewinding baffle 63 connected in sequence. The rewinding Y guide rail 61 is perpendicular to the pressing finger 55. The rewinding baffle 63 can move along the rewinding Y guide rail 61 and the rewinding Z guide rail 62 to unfold and press the other end of the electrode and diaphragm after they are cut. It is worth noting that Figure 1 The unfolded electrode and diaphragm are not shown. The electrode and diaphragm are two layers, and the order of formation is: electrode - diaphragm - electrode - diaphragm. Therefore, when the electrode is unfolded by the rewinding mechanism 6, a first electrode at the top and a second electrode at the bottom are formed. The diaphragm is attached to both the upper and lower surfaces of the second electrode at the bottom.

[0043] Specifically, the separation mechanism 7 includes a separation X-direction guide rail 71, a separation Z-direction connecting plate 72, a rotating motor 73, a separation Z-direction telescopic rod 74 and a first vacuum suction cup 75 connected in sequence. A second vacuum suction cup 76 for adsorbing the second pole piece and the two layers of diaphragms attached to it is also provided under the second pole piece. The first vacuum suction cup 75 can move along the separation X-direction guide rail 71, rotate along the rotating motor 73, and be driven to extend and retract by the separation Z-direction telescopic rod 74 to adsorb the first pole piece. The recycling mechanism 8 includes a first recycling box 81 and a second recycling box 82. The first electrode piece adsorbed by the first vacuum suction cup 75 is rotated 90 degrees by the rotating motor 73 and discharged into the first recycling box 81. The second electrode piece and the two layers of diaphragms adsorbed by the second vacuum suction cup 76 are still adsorbed on the operating platform 1. Then the vacuum mechanism connected to the second vacuum suction cup 76 is closed and the pressing finger 55 and the rewinding baffle 63 are lifted at the same time, so that the second electrode piece and the two layers of diaphragms are gathered together by their own restoring force. Finally, the second electrode piece and the two layers of diaphragms are discharged into the second recycling box 82 through the rewinding baffle 63, thereby realizing the separation and recycling of the electrode pieces.

[0044] Specifically, the HF waste gas and coating dust volatilized during the disassembly and separation of the lithium battery core pack are discharged through the exhaust pipeline (not shown in the figure), enter the exhaust gas treatment mechanism, and are discharged into the atmosphere after green treatment.

[0045] The present invention also provides a lithium battery core pack disassembly method. The lithium battery core pack disassembly device described above is a preferred embodiment of the disassembly method. Specifically, the core pack disassembly method includes the following steps:

[0046] S1. Clamp the core package and cut the pole piece of the core package:

[0047] The core package is clamped by the clamping claws 33 of the clamping mechanism 3, and the pole pieces of the core package are cut by the cutting blade 45 of the cutting mechanism 4;

[0048] S2. Press one end of the cut electrode tightly and unfold the other end and press it tightly:

[0049] The pressing fingers 55 of the pressing mechanism 5 are used to press one end of the cut electrode piece, and the rewinding baffle 63 of the rewinding mechanism 6 is used to unfold the electrode piece and press the other end of the electrode piece;

[0050] S3, adsorb and separate the unfolded electrode:

[0051] The first and second pole pieces are separated by adsorption using the first and second vacuum suction cups 75 and 76 of the separation mechanism 7 .

[0052] S4. Recover the electrode after adsorption separation:

[0053] The first recovery box 81 and the second recovery box 82 of the recovery mechanism 8 are used to recover the first electrode piece and the second electrode piece after adsorption and separation, respectively.

[0054] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. A person skilled in the art will be able to make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium battery core pack disassembly device, wherein the core pack includes a pole piece, characterized in that: The core pack disassembly device comprises a clamping mechanism (3) for clamping the core pack, a cutting mechanism (4) for cutting the electrode sheet, a pressing mechanism (5) for pressing one end of the cut electrode sheet, a rewinding mechanism (6) for unfolding and pressing the other end of the electrode sheet, and a separation mechanism (7) for adsorbing and separating the unfolded electrode sheet; the lithium battery core pack disassembly device can automatically disassemble the core pack; The clamping mechanism (5) comprises a clamping Z-direction guide rail (51), a first clamping connection plate (52), a clamping spring (53), a second clamping connection plate (54) and a clamping finger (55) connected in sequence, wherein the clamping finger (55) can move along the clamping Z-direction guide rail (51) and can clamp one end of the severed pole piece by judging the deformation of the clamping spring (53); It also includes a conveying mechanism (2) for supplying the core package, and the conveying mechanism (2) is arranged between the clamping mechanism (3) and the cutting mechanism (4).

2. The lithium battery core pack disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a recovery mechanism (8) for recovering the separated pole pieces and an exhaust gas treatment mechanism for treating waste gas and dust generated by the core package decomposition device.

3. The lithium battery core pack disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (3) comprises a clamping X-direction guide rail (31), a clamping Z-direction guide rail (32) and a clamping claw (33) connected in sequence, the clamping claw (33) being connected to a clamping claw cylinder (34), and the clamping claw (33) being capable of clamping the core package and being movable along the clamping X-direction guide rail (31) and the clamping Z-direction guide rail (32).

4. The lithium battery core pack disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism (4) comprises a cutting X-direction guide rail (41), a first cutting connection plate (42), a cutting spring (43), a second cutting connection plate (44), and a cutting knife (45) connected in sequence. The cutting knife (45) can move along the cutting X-direction guide rail (41) and cut the pole piece of the core package by judging the deformation of the cutting spring (43).

5. The lithium battery core pack disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rewinding mechanism (6) includes a rewinding Y-direction guide rail (61), a rewinding Z-direction guide rail (62) and a rewinding baffle (63) connected in sequence, wherein the rewinding Y-direction guide rail (61) is perpendicular to the pressing finger (55), and the rewinding baffle (63) can move along the rewinding Y-direction guide rail (61) and the rewinding Z-direction guide rail (62) to unfold and press the other end of the severed electrode.

6. The lithium battery core pack disassembly device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pole piece is unfolded by the rewinding mechanism (6) to form a first pole piece located at the upper part and a second pole piece located at the lower part; the separation mechanism (7) includes a separation X-direction guide rail (71), a separation Z-direction connecting plate (72), a rotary motor (73), a separation Z-direction telescopic rod (74) and a first vacuum suction cup (75) connected in sequence, and a second vacuum suction cup (76) for adsorbing the bottom of the unfolded core package of the pole piece is also provided below the second pole piece, and the first vacuum suction cup (75) can move along the separation X-direction guide rail (71), rotate along the rotary motor (73) and be driven to extend and retract by the separation Z-direction telescopic rod (74) to adsorb and separate the first pole piece.

7. A method for disassembling a lithium battery core pack, characterized in that: Using the lithium battery core pack disassembly device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, The following steps are involved: Clamping the core package and cutting the pole pieces of the core package; Pressing one end of the cut electrode piece tightly and unfolding the other end and pressing it tightly; The unfolded electrode is adsorbed and separated.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that After the step of adsorbing and separating the unfolded electrode sheet, the method further includes: The electrodes after adsorption and separation are recovered.

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