A broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer, comprising a radiating square waveguide, a dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide, a left-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide and a right-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide, wherein the radiating square waveguide is arranged at one end of the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide, and the two are connected through a waveguide wall, the left-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide and the right-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide are arranged in parallel at the other end of the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide, and each waveguide wall in the radiating square waveguide and the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide is formed with a waveguide ridge protruding from the waveguide wall, and the width of the waveguide ridge is greater than the width of the stepped spacer in the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide. The invention completely eliminates the sharp deterioration of voltage standing wave ratio, port isolation and axial ratio, and greatly broadens the working frequency band of the stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer, so that it can work in the entire waveguide working frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of waveguide technology, and in particular to a broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer. Background Art

[0002] The stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer has a compact structure, stable performance, and is easy to process. It is widely used in the fields of communication, guidance, electronic reconnaissance, etc. The traditional stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer is mainly composed of a radiating square waveguide, a dual circularly polarized stepped spacer waveguide, a left-hand circularly polarized feeding waveguide, and a right-hand circularly polarized feeding waveguide. When used in a wideband application, there is a resonance phenomenon at the low end of the frequency. At the resonance point, its electrical performance drops sharply, resulting in the traditional stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer. The working bandwidth cannot cover the entire waveguide working frequency band. In some broadband application scenarios, such as the field of electronic reconnaissance, it is often necessary for the waveguide dual circular polarizer to have a working bandwidth that can cover the entire waveguide working frequency band in order to reduce the number of antennas and reduce costs. This requires a broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer to eliminate the resonance phenomenon of the traditional stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer so that it can work in the entire waveguide working frequency band. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the resonance phenomenon of the traditional stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer and solve the problem that its working bandwidth cannot cover the entire waveguide working frequency band. For this purpose, a broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer is provided.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer comprises a radiating square waveguide, a dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide, a left-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide and a right-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide, wherein the radiating square waveguide is arranged at one end of the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide, and the two are connected through a waveguide wall, the left-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide and the right-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide are arranged in parallel at the other end of the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide, and each waveguide wall in the radiating square waveguide and the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide is formed with a waveguide ridge protruding from the waveguide wall, and the width of the waveguide ridge is greater than the width of the step spacer in the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide.

[0006] One end of the waveguide ridge is flush with the interface end of the radiating square waveguide, and the other end thereof extends into the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide.

[0007] The waveguide ridge extending into the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide has a waveguide transition ridge with an inclined transition surface arranged at its end, and the waveguide transition ridge gradually extends to the middle and lower position of the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide.

[0008] A waveguide ridge is respectively arranged on the four waveguide walls of the radiating square waveguide and the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide, and the waveguide ridges are arranged opposite to each other in pairs.

[0009] The waveguide ridges and waveguide transition ridges on each of the waveguide walls are arranged in equal sizes.

[0010] The waveguide ridge and the waveguide transition ridge are located in the middle of each waveguide wall.

[0011] The entire waveguide transition ridge is located in the middle of the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide.

[0012] Transition surfaces for transitioning to the waveguide wall plane are respectively provided on both sides of the waveguide ridge and both sides of the waveguide transition ridge.

[0013] The transition surface is an inclined transition surface or a step transition surface.

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] A. The present invention provides four waveguide ridges protruding from the waveguide wall in the radiating square waveguide and the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide. Figures 3 to 8 It can be seen that the cursor position is the resonant frequency. In the traditional stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer, Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 1 , the voltage standing wave ratio, port isolation, and axial ratio all deteriorate sharply near the resonant frequency at the cursor position. The present invention completely eliminates the in-band resonance generated by the step spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer in both the transmitting and receiving states. Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the operating frequency band of the stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer is greatly broadened, so that it can operate in the entire waveguide operating frequency band, thereby improving its operating performance.

[0016] B. The present invention sets four waveguide transition ridge structures integrated with the ends of the four waveguide walls extending into the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide. The entire waveguide transition ridge is set in the middle of the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide. The combination of the waveguide transition ridge and the waveguide ridge greatly improves the overall working performance of the step spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer, especially eliminates the resonance phenomenon generated when the waveguide is working, and solves the problem that its working bandwidth cannot cover the entire waveguide working frequency band. At the same time, it can be seen from the accompanying drawings that the voltage standing wave ratio, axial ratio, isolation and other performances of the present invention are far superior to those of the traditional step spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the composition structure of the broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The cutaway perspective schematic diagram shown;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the voltage standing wave ratio results of a traditional stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a graphical representation of the voltage standing wave ratio results of the stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the port isolation results of a traditional stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a diagram showing the port isolation result of the stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the axial ratio results of the traditional stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a diagrammatic representation of the axial ratio results of the stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer of the present invention.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 1- Radiating square waveguide

[0028] 2-Dual Circular Polarization Step Spacer Waveguide

[0029] 21-Step spacer

[0030] 3-left-hand circular polarization feed waveguide; 4-right-hand circular polarization feed waveguide; 5-waveguide ridge

[0031] 6-waveguide transition ridge; 7-waveguide wall; 8-transition surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer, comprising a radiating square waveguide 1, a dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide 2, a left-handed circular polarization feeding waveguide 3 and a right-handed circular polarization feeding waveguide 4, the radiating square waveguide is arranged at one end of the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide, and the two are connected by a waveguide wall 7, the left-handed circular polarization feeding waveguide 3 and the right-handed circular polarization feeding waveguide 4 are arranged in parallel at the other end of the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide 2, each waveguide wall 7 in the radiating square waveguide 1 and the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide 2 is formed with a waveguide ridge 5 protruding from the waveguide wall 7, and the width of the waveguide ridge 5 is greater than the width of the step spacer 21 in the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide 2; preferably, one end of the waveguide ridge 5 is flush with the interface end of the radiating square waveguide 1, and the other end thereof extends into the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide 2. The present invention establishes waveguide ridges on each waveguide wall to eliminate the resonance phenomenon of the traditional stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer. Through experimental verification, the present invention solves the problem that the working bandwidth of the existing dual circular polarizer cannot cover the entire waveguide working frequency band, and greatly improves the performance indicators such as the axial ratio, voltage standing wave ratio, and port isolation of the stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer.

[0034] Further preferably, the present invention also gradually extends the end of the waveguide ridge 5 located in the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide 2 to the middle and lower area of ​​the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide 2 through a waveguide transition ridge 6 having an inclined transition surface, that is, the upper surface of the waveguide ridge 5 directly extends obliquely to the waveguide wall through the waveguide transition ridge 6. Figure 1 As shown, the present invention preferably arranges a waveguide ridge 5 on each of the four waveguide walls 7 of the radiating square waveguide 1 and the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide 2, and the waveguide ridges 5 are preferably arranged to be distributed opposite to each other in pairs; more preferably, the waveguide ridges 5 and the waveguide transition ridges 6 on each waveguide wall are arranged in equal sizes, and the waveguide ridges 5 and the waveguide transition ridges 6 are located in the middle of each waveguide wall 7.

[0035] In order to make the whole waveguide dual circular polarizer have better performance, transition surfaces 8 for transitioning to the plane of the waveguide wall 7 are respectively provided on both sides of the waveguide ridge 5 and both sides of the waveguide transition ridge 6. The transition surface 8 here is preferably an inclined transition surface or a step transition surface, which is convenient for machining and improves the working performance of the whole waveguide.

[0036] Since the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide 2 is a single-port device, it has three waveguide interfaces, namely a square waveguide interface, a left-hand waveguide interface and a right-hand waveguide interface; wherein the square waveguide interface is connected to the radiating square waveguide 1 through a waveguide wall; the left-hand waveguide interface is connected to the left-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide 3 through a waveguide wall; and the right-hand waveguide interface is connected to the right-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide 4 through a waveguide wall. Four waveguide ridges 5 are respectively located on the upper sides of the four waveguide walls of the radiating square waveguide 1 and the four waveguide walls of the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide 2, and are connected through the waveguide walls. Preferably, the four waveguide transition ridges 6 are respectively located in the middle of the four waveguide walls of the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide 2, and are connected through the waveguide walls.

[0037] When working specifically, the broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer has two working states: transmitting and receiving.

[0038] When in the transmitting state, the electromagnetic wave is fed from the left-hand circularly polarized feeding waveguide 3 or the right-hand circularly polarized feeding waveguide 4, and is transmitted to the dual circularly polarized stepped spacer waveguide 2 in the form of TE10 main mode. In the dual circularly polarized stepped spacer waveguide 2, the linearly polarized electromagnetic wave fed from the left-hand circularly polarized feeding waveguide 3 is converted into a left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, and the electromagnetic wave fed from the right-hand circularly polarized feeding waveguide 4 is converted into a right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, and finally fed into the radiating square waveguide 1, thereby realizing the conversion and isolation of the transmitted linearly polarized electromagnetic wave into the left-hand or right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave.

[0039] When in the receiving state, the left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave in the radiating square waveguide 1 is fed into the dual circularly polarized stepped spacer waveguide 2, and the left-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave is converted into a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave in the dual circularly polarized stepped spacer waveguide 2 and finally fed into the left-handed circularly polarized feeding waveguide 3, and the right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave is converted into a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave and finally fed into the right-handed circularly polarized feeding waveguide 4, thereby simultaneously realizing the isolated reception of left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic waves to linear polarization.

[0040] The present invention arranges four waveguide ridges protruding from the waveguide wall in the radiating square waveguide and the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide, and compares the performance with the traditional dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide. Figures 3 to 8 The comparison results can be seen in the figure. The cursor position is the resonant frequency. In the traditional stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer, Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 1 , near the resonant frequency at the cursor position, the voltage standing wave ratio, port isolation, and axial ratio of the conventional dual circular polarizer all deteriorate sharply. By arranging waveguide ridges and waveguide transition ridges on the waveguide wall, the present invention completely eliminates the in-band resonance generated by the waveguide in the stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer in both the transmitting and receiving states, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 , Figure 6and Figure 8 As shown, the operating frequency band of the stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer is greatly broadened, so that it can operate in the entire waveguide operating frequency band, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire waveguide.

[0041] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. However, the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer, comprising a radiating square waveguide (1), a dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide (2), a left-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide (3) and a right-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide (4), wherein the radiating square waveguide (1) is arranged at one end of the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide (2), and the two are connected by a waveguide wall (7), and the left-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide (3) and the right-hand circular polarization feeding waveguide (4) are arranged in parallel at the other end of the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide (2), characterized in that: A waveguide ridge (5) protruding from the waveguide wall (7) is formed on each waveguide wall (7) of the radiating square waveguide (1) and the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide (2), and the width of the waveguide ridge (5) is greater than the width of the step spacer (21) in the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide (2); The waveguide ridge (5) extends into the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide (2), and a waveguide transition ridge (6) having an inclined transition surface is arranged at the end thereof, and the waveguide transition ridge (6) gradually extends to the middle and lower part of the dual circular polarization step spacer waveguide (2); The waveguide ridges (5) and waveguide transition ridges (6) on each waveguide wall are arranged in equal sizes.

2. The broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the waveguide ridge (5) is flush with the interface end of the radiating square waveguide (1), and the other end thereof extends into the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide (2).

3. The broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A waveguide ridge (5) is respectively arranged on the four waveguide walls (7) of the radiation square waveguide (1) and the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide (2), and the waveguide ridges (5) are arranged opposite to each other in pairs.

4. The broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waveguide ridge (5) and the waveguide transition ridge (6) are located in the middle of each waveguide wall (7).

5. The broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The entire waveguide transition ridge (6) is located in the middle of the dual circular polarization stepped spacer waveguide (2).

6. The broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both sides of the waveguide ridge (5) and both sides of the waveguide transition ridge (6) are respectively provided with transition surfaces (8) for transitioning to the plane of the waveguide wall (7).

7. The broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transition surface (8) is an inclined transition surface or a step transition surface.

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