A fume treatment device and system for welding workplace

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of environmental waste gas purification and treatment, and specifically relates to a welding workplace smoke treatment device and system. The welding workplace smoke treatment device includes a side suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device, a return air dust supply device, a flexible air supply device and a master control system; the welding workplace smoke treatment system includes at least two welding workplace smoke treatment devices. The present invention adopts a side suction, negative pressure mode and an air supply mode combining "high altitude discharge" and a return air device to achieve effective removal of smoke in the welding workplace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of environmental waste gas purification and treatment, and specifically relates to a smoke treatment device and system for a welding workplace. Background Art

[0002] Metal and non-metal welding structures are important basic components that are indispensable to the national economy and people's livelihood, and also involve national defense construction, aerospace and other fields: from small ones used in people's lives and production to large ones running on the road (cars, locomotives, tanks, etc.), sailing on the sea (ships, aircraft carriers, submersibles, etc.), flying in the air (aircraft, spacecraft), etc., and metal or non-metal welding and cutting operations will inevitably involve DC, AC ordinary welding, argon arc welding, submerged arc automatic welding, carbon dioxide shielded welding, other combination welding, various hot melt welding, etc., as well as cutting equipment such as gouging and gas cutting. During the operation, various types of welding and cutting smoke will be generated, which will cause great impact and damage to the surrounding environment at the least, and will cause extremely serious and severe injuries to practitioners at the worst, so as to form incurable "occupational diseases".

[0003] As we all know, private enterprises, collective enterprises and state-owned enterprises are the "three pillars" supporting my country's economic development, and metal and non-metal structural welding parts can also be divided into small, medium and large scales. In recent years, with the mandatory implementation and gradual strengthening of national environmental protection and occupational health and safety work, there are also mandatory requirements for the welding, cutting and processing conditions of metal and non-metallic welded structural parts. Many large-scale enterprises, such as welding components of aerospace vehicles, ship and aircraft carrier structural welding parts, or high-speed rail, military and civilian vehicles, etc., need to be carried out in a relatively closed large working space. The welding points are scattered and relatively concentrated, and the operation points cannot be fixed. This puts forward requirements for the implementation of occupational health protection and the provision of corresponding environmental protection facilities. It is difficult to achieve the desired effect with ordinary "side discharge" and "top extraction". It is difficult to meet the requirements of the non-fixed position of the operation point (up, down, left and right) by using the "fixed point absorption" method of industrial smoke.

[0004] Due to the different models and specifications of the welding and cutting workpieces in the riveting and welding and structural parts welding and cutting workshops, the welding and cutting workpieces may be located at different heights, left and right, or up and down, and the welding and cutting points may change along the welding and cutting trajectory. Using the traditional smoking and dust collection method to set a dust hood above the welding point, no matter what type of dust hood it is, it is difficult to achieve the desired dust collection effect.

[0005] In addition, welding smoke has a strong "diffusivity". The larger the space, the wider the diffusion. The coarse particles with larger mass gradually fall away as the welding smoke rises, the medium-mass particles are suspended in the air at a certain height, and the lighter welding smoke particles float into the air. Therefore, the usual duct-type central dust removal (absorption) equipment with a fixed fume hood and single-unit (set) dust removal equipment are simply unable to achieve dust removal. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new welding workplace smoke treatment device and system based on the characteristics of the welding workplace. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a smoke treatment device and system for a welding workplace. The present invention can effectively remove smoke in a welding workplace.

[0007] The invention discloses a fume treatment device for welding workplaces, comprising a side suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device, a return air dust supply device, a flexible air supply device and a master control system;

[0008] The side-suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device 1 includes a No. 1 fan, the gas inlet of the No. 1 fan is connected to at least one dust removal device box through a pipeline, a pulse blowing device is provided on one side of the dust removal device box, a filter cartridge is provided in the dust removal device box, a ventilation plate is provided on one side of the dust removal device box, and a dust collecting bin is provided at the bottom of the dust removal device box;

[0009] The return air dust conveying device comprises a pipe flexible connector, which is connected to the air outlet of the first fan; the pipe flexible connector is provided with a wind direction converter, and the wind direction converter is respectively connected to the return air duct and the high-altitude discharge duct; the return air duct is provided with a return air port / return air duct;

[0010] The flexible air supply device comprises a No. 2 fan, which is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air outlet of the No. 2 fan is connected to an air venting duct, and an air vortex plate is provided at the outlet of the air venting duct;

[0011] The master control system is at least respectively connected to the No. 1 fan, the pulse jet device, the wind direction converter and the No. 2 fan. The user can also control other components according to the specific usage conditions.

[0012] The working principle and function of the side suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device are as follows: The No. 1 fan (which can be placed inside) is the main negative pressure wind source of the side suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device: First, it provides a negative pressure power source to the side suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device, so that the "device" generates a "negative pressure" suction force, and forms a "push and suck" smoke and dust transportation "channel" with the return air dust delivery device, the flexible air delivery device, and the return air dust delivery device, so that all the welding smoke and dust in the working space are sent to the side suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device for separation and purification. Second, it serves as the main (wind) power source of the return air dust delivery device (or "high-altitude discharge").

[0013] The dust removal device housing is composed of a negative pressure cleaning chamber and a purification chamber from top to bottom, and the gas inlet of the No. 1 fan is connected to the negative pressure cleaning chamber through a pipeline. When welding smoke is sucked into the dust removal device housing, due to the negative pressure of the negative pressure cleaning chamber, the welding smoke collides or is adsorbed with the filter cartridge, and larger or heavier particles will fall directly into the dust collection chamber, and smaller or lighter particles will be adsorbed on the filter cartridge. Then, the pulse spray device performs a timed or quantitative "reverse spray" to spray and shake off the dust on the filter cartridge into the dust collection chamber. The clean air after filtration (purification) is distributed by the No. 1 fan and the control system, and is discharged at high altitude or sent to the return air dust conveying device.

[0014] The pulse jet device is composed of an air bag with an electromagnetic control valve and a jet pipe connected to the air bag. The air bag is located outside the dust removal device box. The jet pipe extends into the filter cartridge. It is usually a 6-inch welded pipe, which is shorter than the height of the filter cartridge. The peripheral surface of the entire length is evenly covered with φ10mm "jet holes". The control system will send instructions to the electromagnetic control valve to spray and shake off the smoke and dust attached to the filter cartridge, so that it can maintain a high filtration efficiency and continuous working state for a long time.

[0015] The filter cartridge is arranged longitudinally in the purification chamber. The filter cartridge is a special filter cartridge for filtering welding smoke and has the following characteristics: ⑴ (Accordion bellows) pleated filter cartridge, whose filtration area is several times or even dozens of times that of ordinary filter bags with the same cross-sectional area; ⑵ No adhesion, which is a feature that ordinary filter bags do not have, greatly increasing the service life of the filter cartridge; ⑶ In the present invention, the filter cartridge can adopt the conventional installation method in the field to achieve the purpose of convenient and quick installation, maintenance and replacement without the need for skeleton support.

[0016] The ventilation plate can be a louver plate or a porous plate, which can be a grid-type porous plate or an automatic opening and closing door, mainly to facilitate the entry of welding smoke. The size of the ventilation plate matches the size of the purification chamber to ensure that the welding smoke is fully sucked into the dust removal device box under negative pressure.

[0017] The dust collecting bin can be designed in the following three ways: (1) When the amount of welding smoke is small, it can be directly set up with an ash hopper at the top and a detachable dust box (for easy cleaning) or a mobile dust box at the bottom; (2) In order to prevent the welding smoke falling into the dust collecting bin from being lifted up again due to the "cleaning" (reverse) blowing of the filter cartridge, an ash discharge (flip) valve can be installed in the ash hopper at the top of the dust collecting bin to ensure that the "purification bin" and the "dust collecting bin" are separated during "cleaning", thereby preventing the smoke from being lifted up again; (3) According to the amount of smoke, the "ash discharge hopper" at the bottom of the dust collecting bin can be transformed into a "spiral discharger" to discharge the smoke collected in the dust collecting bin in a timely or quantitative manner.

[0018] The main working principle and function of the return air dust conveying device are as follows: The purpose of setting the pipeline flexible connector is to isolate the harmonic (resonant) vibration brought to the (entire) return air dust conveying device by the vibration generated by the high-speed operation of the No. 1 fan, thereby effectively cutting off the "noise source" and reducing the occurrence of noise.

[0019] The wind direction converter is a wind direction conversion valve under the control of the control system. When the return air dust conveying device needs to work in the severe winter (needs insulation) and hot summer (needs cooling), the "converter" opens the "return air" valve and closes the "high-altitude discharge" valve, and the return air dust conveying device is in normal working condition. In other seasons, the "converter" is used to close the "return air" valve and open the "high-altitude discharge" valve to implement the "high-altitude discharge" of purified gas. At this time, the welding smoke is "transported" to the side suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device by opening the workplace window and the flexible air supply device to keep the normal working condition of the entire system.

[0020] The return air duct is usually designed to pass through a trench depending on the workplace conditions, but it can also be in other forms; it can be a hose (laid when used) or a fixed pipe. It is a necessary conveying pipe when the wind direction converter is switched and the "return air dust conveying device" is activated in severe winter and hot summer seasons.

[0021] The high-altitude discharge pipeline is a pipeline set up when the purified gas needs to be discharged during non-severe winter and hot summer seasons, and the wind direction converter opens the "high-altitude discharge" valve and closes the "return air dust conveying device" to discharge the purified gas.

[0022] The return air inlet / return air duct can be evenly distributed in ≥3 layers according to the height of the side air intake of the "group-type" dust removal device to ensure that the entire three-dimensional surface is "supplied with air".

[0023] When the return air duct is not enabled, the window opposite the dust removal device and in the workplace can be opened and combined with high-altitude exhaust to form a closed-loop circulating airflow to ensure the effective operation of the system.

[0024] The main working principle and function of the flexible air supply device are as follows: the second fan is the wind (force) source of the flexible air supply device, which is actually a fan of suitable power. It can be set on the ground and suspended by a pipeline to the upper part of the workplace, or it can be set on the top of the workplace, so as to expel and guide the welding smoke gathered above the workplace, so as to fully deal with the smoke in the workplace; because the welding smoke in the workplace is unevenly distributed, the present invention can set the second fan of the flexible air supply device to a variable frequency motor with different powers, so as to reasonably adjust the wind force in time to prevent the occurrence of insufficient wind force or waste of wind force.

[0025] The ventilation duct is a duct erected on the top of the workplace, and its length depends on the actual width of the workplace. Generally, the length of the ventilation duct is greater than 1 / 2 of the width of the workplace and less than or equal to 2 / 3 of the width of the workplace. It should not be too long or too short: if it is too long, the wind will be too strong, and the "wind will scatter" after intersecting with the airflow vortex plate, and the ideal effect of guiding smoke and dust cannot be achieved; if it is too short, the "windflow" distance after leaving the duct is too long, and the wind pressure attenuates too much, and it cannot effectively "drive away" or "recover" the welding smoke and dust.

[0026] Usually, the airflow vortex plate is a panel with curvature at the upper and lower ends, so that the wind can be "enclosed". A folding plate is provided on the plate surface, and a return angle is formed between the folding plate and the airflow vortex plate, and the angle of the return angle can be adjusted. The airflow vortex plate is a very critical device for guiding and changing the path of welding smoke. At the same time, the size of the return angle on the airflow vortex plate will determine the return effect of the welding smoke, and ultimately affect the collection effect of the smoke.

[0027] The air inlet should be set in a non-working area (generally facing the non-working area) to avoid interfering with or affecting the running trajectory of the "airflow" in the working area.

[0028] Normally, welding workplaces are relatively closed and spacious working spaces, so it is impossible for any smoke treatment system (equipment) to only use one treatment device to treat (complete) the welding smoke of the entire welding workplace (space) without dead angles. Therefore, the present invention also provides a welding workplace smoke treatment system, which includes at least two of the above-mentioned welding workplace smoke treatment devices. Users can set up multiple welding workplace smoke treatment devices of the present invention in parallel according to the welding workplace (space) to achieve "no dead angle" treatment of welding smoke in the welding workplace (space). This group arrangement is composed of a group of small-sized rated power fans, and the "combination" distribution and "wind movement" are uniform, with high wind energy utilization, which is unmatched by a fan of the same power (large). In addition, with the help of the "group" device, the dust removal device can be set to "reverse blow" in groups and batches (times) by the control system command to perform "cleaning" operations on the filter cartridge.

[0029] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) Adopting side suction and negative pressure mode. This directional and negative pressure wind-driven mode makes people feel no wind blowing (immersive) and no "discomfort" of being blown by the wind, thus avoiding the occurrence of occupational diseases.

[0031] (2) As is known to all, according to the characteristics and trajectory of welding smoke: Under normal circumstances, welding smoke rises vertically without external force, and during the rising process of welding smoke, the trajectory of dust particles changes due to different mass sizes. Coarse particles with larger mass gradually break away and fall as the welding smoke rises, and particles with medium mass are suspended in the air at a certain height. Lighter welding smoke particles float into the air and condense into a "lingering" pollution area above the "working area", which always harms and interferes with the on-site environment and the health of practitioners. The flexible air supply device of the present invention is a "driving away" and "recovering" device set up for this purpose. Through the guidance of this special airflow, the welding smoke particles above the "working area" are guided into the side suction dust removal device along with the guidance of the return air device, thereby "clearing" all the welding smoke in the entire working space. The use of "flexible air supply" can, on the one hand, "stir" all the indoor air to make it move, and on the other hand, it can "collect" the free and floating smoke particles in the air above the room into the "recoverable" airflow again, further ensuring the "cleanliness" of the indoor air.

[0032] (3) Adopt an air supply mode that combines "high-altitude discharge" with a return air device. The "return air device" is suitable for severe winter (needs insulation) and hot summer (needs cooling). It uses a "side suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device" to purify the polluted air in the room and then return it to the room. This "return" is not simply discharged into the room, but it is "blown" from the opposite side of the dust removal device through a pipe, so that the airflow of the entire workplace forms a "front suction and back push" wind form, which has the effect of adding fuel to the fire; in non-severe winter and hot summer seasons, the "return air device" can still be used, or the intelligent control system can be used to turn off the "return air device" and turn on the "high-altitude discharge" to discharge the purified air to meet the standards at high altitudes.

[0033] (4) The "essence" of the effective implementation of the present invention lies in its "group type" (also commonly referred to as: multi-fan combination type). The "group type" dust removal equipment can complete any other complete set of dust removal equipment (no matter how powerful it is), which cannot achieve all-round indoor dust removal; and this "group type" dust removal fan is composed of each group of small-sized rated power fans, the "combination" distribution "wind movement" is uniform, and the wind energy utilization rate is high, which is unmatched by a fan of the same power (large). In addition, with the help of the "group type" device, the dust removal device can be set to "reverse blow" in groups and batches (times) by the control system command to perform "cleaning" operations on the filter cartridge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a smoke treatment device for a welding workplace according to the present invention (a simplified diagram in which a fan is placed in a side-suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device);

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the side-suction pulse filter cartridge type dust removal device of the present invention (the fan is placed outside the side-suction pulse filter cartridge type dust removal device);

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the return air dust conveying device described in the present invention (the fan is placed outside the side suction pulse filter cartridge type dust removal device);

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible air supply device described in the present invention (the fan is placed outside the side suction pulse filter cartridge type dust removal device);

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the control structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a welding workplace smoke treatment system according to the present invention, that is, multiple Figure 1 A left-side structural schematic diagram of the welding workplace smoke treatment devices arranged in parallel;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of a smoke treatment system for a welding workplace according to the present invention, i.e., multiple Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the welding workplace smoke treatment devices arranged in parallel;

[0041] In the figure: 1 side suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device, 2 return air dust delivery device, 3 flexible air delivery device, 4 master control system;

[0042] 1.1 No. 1 fan, 1.2 dust removal device box, 1.3 pulse spray device, 1.4 filter cartridge, 1.5 ventilation plate, 1.6 dust collection bin;

[0043] 1.2.1 Negative pressure cleaning chamber, 1.2.2 Purification chamber; 1.3.1 Air bag, 1.3.2 Blowing pipe;

[0044] 2.1 Pipe soft connector, 2.2 Wind direction converter, 2.3 Return air duct, 2.4 High altitude discharge duct, 2.5 Return air outlet / return air duct;

[0045] 3.1 No. 2 fan, 3.2 ventilation duct, 3.3 air flow vortex plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] A fume treatment device for a welding workplace, the device comprising a side suction pulse cartridge dust removal device 1, a return air dust delivery device 2, a flexible air delivery device 3 and a master control system 4;

[0047] The side-suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device 1 comprises a first blower 1.1, the gas inlet of the first blower 1.1 is connected to at least one dust removal device box 1.2 through a pipeline, a pulse spray device 1.3 is provided on one side of the dust removal device box 1.2, a filter cartridge 1.4 is provided in the dust removal device box 1.2, a ventilation plate 1.5 is provided on one side of the dust removal device box 1.2, and a dust collection bin 1.6 is provided at the lower part of the dust removal device box 1.2;

[0048] The return air dust conveying device 2 comprises a pipe flexible connector 2.1, which is connected to the air outlet of the first fan 1.1; the pipe flexible connector 2.1 is provided with a wind direction converter 2.2, and the wind direction converter 2.2 is respectively connected to a return air duct 2.3 and a high-altitude discharge duct 2.4; the return air duct 2.3 is provided with a return air port / return air duct 2.5;

[0049] The flexible air supply device 3 comprises a second fan 3.1, which is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air outlet of the second fan 3.1 is connected to an air vent duct 3.2, and an air vortex plate 3.3 is provided at the outlet of the air vent duct 3.2.

[0050] The master control system 4 is at least respectively connected to the No. 1 fan 1.1, the pulse jet device 1.3, the wind direction converter 2.2 and the No. 2 fan 3.1.

[0051] The dust removal device housing 1.2 comprises a negative pressure cleaning chamber 1.2.1 and a purification chamber 1.2.2 from top to bottom; the gas inlet of the No. 1 fan 1.1 is connected to the negative pressure cleaning chamber 1.2.1 through a pipeline.

[0052] The purification chamber 1.2.2 is provided with a longitudinal filter cartridge 1.4

[0053] The pulse spray device 1.3 comprises an air bag 1.3.1 with an electromagnetic control valve and a spray pipe 1.3.2 connected to the air bag 1.3.1. The air bag 1.3.1 is arranged outside the dust removal device box 1.2, and the spray pipe 1.3.2 extends into the filter cartridge 1.4.

[0054] The filter cartridge 1.4 is a pleated filter cartridge.

[0055] The size of the ventilation plate 1.5 matches the size of the purification chamber 1.2.2.

[0056] The ventilation duct 3.2 is a duct installed on the top of the workplace, and its length is greater than 1 / 2 of the width of the workplace and less than or equal to 2 / 3 of the width of the workplace.

[0057] The airflow vortex plate 3.3 is a panel with curvature at the upper and lower ends. A folding plate is provided on the panel, and an adjustable folding angle is formed between the folding plate and the panel.

[0058] A welding workplace smoke treatment system comprises at least two welding workplace smoke treatment devices according to any one of the above claims.

Claims

1. A fume treatment device for welding workplace, characterized in that: The device comprises a side-suction pulse filter cartridge type dust removal device (1), a return air dust delivery device (2), a flexible air delivery device (3) and a master control system (4); The side-suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device (1) comprises a first fan (1.1); a gas inlet of the first fan (1.1) is connected to at least one dust removal device box (1.2) via a pipeline; a pulse spray device (1.3) is provided on one side of the dust removal device box (1.2); a filter cartridge (1.4) is provided in the dust removal device box (1.2); a ventilation plate (1.5) is provided on one side of the dust removal device box (1.2); and a dust collection bin (1.6) is provided at the bottom of the dust removal device box (1.2); The return air dust conveying device (2) comprises a pipe flexible connector (2.1), the pipe flexible connector (2.1) being connected to the air outlet of the first fan (1.1); a wind direction converter (2.2) is provided on the pipe flexible connector (2.1), and the wind direction converter (2.2) is respectively connected to a return air duct (2.3) and a high altitude discharge duct (2.4); and a return air port / return air duct (2.5) is provided on the return air duct (2.3); The flexible air supply device (3) comprises a No. 2 fan (3.1), the No. 2 fan (3.1) is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air outlet of the No. 2 fan (3.1) is connected to an air venting duct (3.2), and an air flow vortex plate (3.3) is provided at the outlet of the air venting duct (3.2); The master control system (4) is at least respectively connected to the No. 1 fan (1.1), the pulse jet device (1.3), the wind direction converter (2.2) and the No. 2 fan (3.1); The No. 1 fan (1.1), the return air dust conveying device (2), and the flexible air supply device (3) form a smoke and dust conveying channel with a push and a suction, and all the welding and cutting smoke and dust in the working space are conveyed into the side suction pulse filter cartridge type dust removal device (1) for separation and purification; The flexible air supply device (3) is a driving and recovery device, which guides the welding smoke particles above the working area through the guidance of the air flow and is guided by the return air dust supply device (2) into the side suction pulse filter cartridge type dust removal device (1); The return air dust conveying device (2) blows the purified smoke and dust from the opposite side of the side suction pulse filter cartridge dust removal device (1) through a pipeline, so that the airflow in the entire workplace forms a front suction and rear push wind form; The airflow vortex plate (3.3) is a panel with an arc at both the upper and lower ends, and a folding plate is provided on the panel, forming an adjustable folding angle between the folding plate and the panel.

2. A welding workplace smoke treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal device housing (1.2) comprises, from top to bottom, a negative pressure cleaning chamber (1.2.1) and a purification chamber (1.2.2); the gas inlet of the No. 1 fan (1.1) is connected to the negative pressure cleaning chamber (1.2.1) via a pipeline.

3. A welding workplace smoke treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A longitudinal filter cartridge (1.4) is provided in the purification chamber (1.2.2).

4. A welding workplace smoke treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pulse spray device (1.3) comprises an air bag (1.3.1) with an electromagnetic control valve and a spray pipe (1.3.2) connected to the air bag (1.3.1); the air bag (1.3.1) is arranged outside the dust removal device box (1.2), and the spray pipe (1.3.2) extends into the filter cartridge (1.4).

5. A welding workplace smoke treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filter cartridge (1.4) is a pleated filter cartridge.

6. A welding workplace smoke treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The size of the ventilation plate (1.5) matches the size of the purification chamber (1.2.2).

7. A welding workplace smoke treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ventilation duct (3.2) is a duct installed on the top of the workplace, and its length is greater than 1 / 2 of the width of the workplace and less than or equal to 2 / 3 of the width of the workplace.

8. A fume treatment system for welding workplaces, characterized in that: The device for treating welding workplace smoke comprises at least two of claims 1 to 7.

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