A ship lock expansion support structure and ship lock expansion method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a ship lock expansion support structure and a ship lock expansion method. The ship lock expansion support structure comprises a lock chamber wall and a group of water-stopping piles continuously arranged in the upstream and downstream directions of the lock chamber wall; the water-stopping piles are arranged along the upstream end of the lock chamber wall to the downstream end of the lock chamber wall; transverse anti-seepage lines are respectively arranged between the upstream and downstream ends of the lock chamber wall and the water-stopping piles at the corresponding positions, and the transverse anti-seepage lines, water-stopping piles and the existing ship lock form a closed water storage area; the ship lock expansion method of the present invention is based on the ship lock expansion support structure. The present invention can ensure the stability of the lock chamber wall of the existing ship lock, control its deformation, ensure its normal operation, and can also significantly shorten the net distance between the existing ship lock and the expanded ship lock, save land, reduce land acquisition and demolition, improve the water flow conditions in the gate area, reduce project investment, and minimize the construction impact of the expanded ship lock on the existing ship lock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water transport engineering, and in particular to a ship lock expansion support structure and a ship lock expansion method. Background Art

[0002] A ship lock is a hydraulic structure for ships to pass through a water conservancy hub. When a ship is going upstream, the water level in the lock chamber is released to the downstream water level, the lower gate is opened, the ship enters the lock chamber, the lower gate is closed, water is poured from the upstream into the lock chamber to the upstream water level, the upper gate is opened, the ship leaves the lock chamber and enters the upstream channel. The opposite is true for ships going downstream. To ensure that the water in the lock chamber does not leak, water stops are set in the structural joints between the structural sections of the lock chamber wall. For the separated lock chamber structure, to ensure that the bottom of the lock chamber wall does not leak, an anti-seepage curtain is set at the bottom of the lock chamber wall. The groundwater level behind the lock chamber wall is generally consistent with the downstream water level.

[0003] The national inland waterway development plan has planned the high-grade waterways of "two verticals, one horizontal and eighteen lines". The increasing demand for large-scale ships and water transport volume requires the expansion of locks on the basis of existing locks. Existing water conservancy hubs generally do not reserve locations for expanded locks, and expanded locks are often arranged on the shore side of existing locks. The closer the expanded lock is to the shore, the greater the amount of earthwork excavation and demolition, the more land is occupied, the greater the angle between the lock approach channel and the main channel, and the worse the water flow conditions at the gate area. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring the safety of existing lock buildings, the expanded lock should be arranged as close to the existing lock as possible.

[0004] Generally, the existing ship lock buildings near the expanded ship lock foundation pit include the head, the lock chamber and the navigation wall. The head is an integral structure with a wide bottom and good overall stability. The water level before and after the navigation wall is flush. After the soil behind the wall is unloaded, the stability of the wall itself is guaranteed. Only the overall stability of the soil cofferdam behind the wall needs to be studied. The stability and safety of the lock chamber structure is more complicated. The lock chamber of a large ship lock is usually a separated structure. The water level in the lock chamber changes frequently between the upstream water level and the downstream water level. The stability and deformation requirements of the lock chamber wall are high. In order to ensure that the lock chamber is watertight, water stops are set between the lock chamber wall structure sections, and an anti-seepage curtain is set at the bottom of the front toe of the lock wall. The lock chamber wall structure directly bears the water pressure. After the soil behind the wall is unloaded, the soil pressure behind the wall decreases, and the lock chamber structure has a tendency to move or tip behind the wall. Once displacement occurs, the water stop or anti-seepage curtain of the lock chamber wall may be damaged. It can be seen that the existing ship lock chamber structure is very sensitive to displacement. Conventional pile support structures have low rigidity and allow large deformation, which is not very effective in controlling the displacement of existing structures. Therefore, in the current domestic ship lock expansion projects, in order to maintain the soil pressure behind the existing lock chamber wall as much as possible and reduce its displacement, the axis distance between the expanded ship lock and the existing ship lock is generally 80m to 100m, and the net distance between the ship lock buildings is more than 50m.

[0005] When the net distance between the expanded ship lock and the existing ship lock chamber wall is required to be smaller and the existing ship lock chamber wall has a tendency to move backward, studying a feasible support structure and construction method has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a ship lock expansion support structure, which can improve the stability and displacement of the existing ship lock chamber wall. Under the premise of ensuring the normal and safe operation of the existing ship lock, the net distance between the expanded ship lock support structure and the existing ship lock structure can be significantly shortened, thereby saving land, reducing land acquisition and demolition, improving water flow conditions in the gate area, and reducing project investment.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A ship lock expansion support structure comprises a lock chamber wall and a group of water-stop piles continuously arranged in the upstream and downstream directions of the lock chamber wall; the water-stop piles are arranged from the upstream end of the lock chamber wall to the downstream end of the lock chamber wall; transverse anti-seepage lines are respectively arranged between the upstream and downstream ends of the lock chamber wall and the water-stop piles at corresponding positions, and the transverse anti-seepage lines, the water-stop piles and the existing ship lock form a closed water storage area.

[0009] The design idea of ​​the above technical solution is that by setting up a water storage area on one side of the water-stop piles, water can be injected into the water storage area during the construction and excavation of the foundation pit, so that the groundwater level is higher than the groundwater level when the existing ship lock was in operation before, and the water pressure behind the lock chamber wall of the existing ship lock is increased, thereby offsetting the soil pressure behind the wall that is reduced due to the excavation of the soil at the location of the expanded ship lock or the deformation of the water-stop piles, so as to ensure that the stress condition of the lock chamber wall of the existing ship lock is within a certain range of variation, and control its displacement within the allowable range, further ensure the safety and effectiveness of the water-stop or anti-seepage curtain of the existing ship lock, and ensure that the existing ship lock can still operate normally during the construction of the expanded ship lock; at the same time, it can also shorten the net distance between the expanded ship lock structure and the existing ship lock structure, which can save land, reduce land acquisition and demolition, improve the water flow conditions in the gate area and reduce project investment.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0011] The bottom of the water-stop piles penetrates into the relatively impermeable layer; the top of the water-stop piles is higher than the downstream water level and lower than the upstream water level. The soil behind the existing ship lock chamber wall is unloaded, and the soil pressure is reduced, but there is always soil pressure in front of the wall, so the groundwater level in the water storage area shall not be higher than the upstream water level of the ship lock. Before the excavation of the expanded ship lock foundation pit, the groundwater level in the water storage area is consistent with the downstream water level of the ship lock. Due to the excavation of the foundation pit, the unloading of the soil behind the wall, and the deformation of the piles, the existing ship lock chamber wall has a tendency to shift backwards, so the groundwater level in the water storage area shall not be lower than the downstream water level of the ship lock.

[0012] The water storage area is provided with one or more vertically arranged inspection wells. By providing the inspection wells in the water storage area, the groundwater level in the water storage area can be observed through the inspection wells, thereby accurately controlling the pressure from the water storage area to the lock chamber wall of the existing ship lock, and water can also be poured into and pumped out of the water storage area through the inspection wells, thereby improving the convenience of controlling the groundwater level in the water storage area.

[0013] A displacement observation point is arranged on the top of the water-stop pile, through which the displacement of the support structure can be observed, providing a basis for targeted adjustment measures.

[0014] A drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water storage area, and the outlet of the drainage pipe leads to the downstream river channel.

[0015] The top of the water-stop pile is provided with a cap beam, and the cap beam is connected to the ground through a support assembly. By providing the cap beam and the support assembly, the displacement and deformation of the water-stop pile can be reduced, thereby ensuring that the water-stop pile supports the soil in the water storage area, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the existing ship lock structure.

[0016] The water-stopping pile row is provided with jet-jet piles on a side close to the water storage area to achieve water-stopping and anti-seepage.

[0017] The transverse anti-seepage line is provided with jet grouting piles or an anti-seepage curtain on the side close to the water storage area to achieve water stopping and anti-seepage.

[0018] The minimum clear distance between the lock expansion support structure and the lock chamber wall is 5m. By optimizing the support structure, the invention can set the lock expansion support structure as close as possible to the existing lock structure, which can significantly save land, reduce land acquisition and demolition, improve water flow conditions in the gate area and reduce project investment.

[0019] Based on the same technical concept, the present invention also provides a method for expanding a ship lock, which uses the ship lock expansion support structure described in the above technical solution to carry out support construction, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0020] (1) Excavating the foundation pit to the construction platform, and pouring the water-stop piles and transverse anti-seepage lines to form a water storage area;

[0021] (2) Continue to excavate the foundation pit to the bottom and raise the groundwater level in the water storage area to a predetermined height;

[0022] (3) Cast the expanded ship lock and backfill the soil behind the wall, gradually pump out water from the water storage area until the expanded ship lock is constructed and backfilled to the top, and the groundwater level in the water storage area 14 is lowered to the downstream water level of the existing ship lock;

[0023] (4) Breaking the transverse anti-seepage line to make the groundwater level in the water storage area and the downstream water level of the Xianyou ship lock connected.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the height of the underground water level in the water storage area is determined by calculating the earthwork to be unloaded for construction. When a ship passes through the lock, the water level in the existing lock chamber alternates between the upstream and downstream water levels, and the water pressure in front of the wall of the existing lock chamber wall changes continuously. Generally speaking, the difference between the upstream and downstream water levels is 10m to 15m, and it changes alternately once an hour. The excavation of the foundation pit for the expansion of the lock and the construction of the building are also a dynamic process. The force and deformation of the pile support structure also change accordingly, and the soil pressure behind the existing lock chamber wall also changes accordingly. Generally speaking, it takes 200 to 300 days for the foundation pit to be excavated to the bottom, and 300 to 600 days for the building to be constructed to the top. During the construction of the expansion of the lock, the deeper the foundation pit, the greater the deformation of the pile row, the more soil pressure is unloaded behind the existing lock chamber wall, and the underground water level in the water storage area should be raised; otherwise, it should be lowered. At the same time, the deeper the foundation pit, the greater the height of the pile retaining soil and water, and the greater the internal force of the pile row. Excavation of the expanded ship lock foundation pit to the bottom is the control condition for controlling the high water level and the strength of the pile row structure in the water storage area. In the early stage of foundation pit excavation and after the construction and backfilling of the expanded ship lock chamber wall to a certain height, the soil pressure behind the existing ship lock chamber wall does not change much compared with before construction. If the controlled water level behind the wall is maintained, when the water level in the lock chamber is the downstream water level, the existing lock chamber wall will increase a horizontal water pressure and overturning moment toward the lock chamber side, which is not conducive to the stability of the existing lock chamber wall. Therefore, the water level of the water storage area is a process of increasing from the downstream water level to the controlled high water level and then decreasing to the downstream water level as the expanded ship lock foundation pit is excavated and the lock chamber wall is poured and backfilled.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adjusts and optimizes the supporting structure used in the expansion of the ship lock, sets a water storage area between the existing ship lock and the construction position of the expansion ship lock, and during the construction process, the groundwater level of the water storage area can be adjusted according to the stress conditions of the lock chamber wall of the existing ship lock under different conditions, so as to provide water pressure to the lock chamber wall of the existing ship lock, thereby ensuring the stability of the existing ship lock and controlling the deformation of the existing ship lock; at the same time, under the premise of ensuring the normal and safe operation of the existing ship lock, the net distance between the expansion ship lock supporting structure and the existing ship lock structure can be significantly shortened, thereby saving land, reducing land acquisition and demolition, improving water flow conditions in the gate area, and reducing project investment; the ship lock expansion method provided by the present invention can expand a new ship lock in the vicinity of the existing ship lock at a close distance and safely by utilizing the ship lock expansion supporting structure, so as to minimize the construction impact of the expansion ship lock on the existing ship lock. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1 in a top view;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of Example 1.

[0028] Legend:

[0029] 1. Water-stop piles; 2. Upper gate head; 3. Lower gate head; 4. Horizontal anti-seepage line; 5. Water storage area; 6. Inspection well; 7. Drain pipe; 8. Cap beam; 9. Support assembly; 10. Jet jet piles; 11. Lock chamber; 12. Lock chamber wall; 13. Middle bottom plate; 14. Anti-seepage curtain; 15. Copper sheet water stop; 16. Expanded ship lock chamber wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ship lock expansion support structure of this embodiment includes a group of water-stopping piles 1 continuously arranged along the upstream and downstream directions of the existing ship lock; the existing ship lock includes a lock chamber 11 and an upper lock head 2 and a lower lock head 3 respectively located at the upstream and downstream ends of the lock chamber 11, and the water-stopping piles 1 are arranged from the upper lock head 2 of the existing ship lock to the lower lock head 3 of the existing ship lock; a transverse anti-seepage line 4 is arranged between the water-stopping piles 1 located at the upstream and downstream ends and the upper lock head 2 and the lower lock head 3 of the existing ship lock, and the transverse anti-seepage line 4, the water-stopping piles 1 and the existing ship lock form a closed water storage area 5.

[0033] In this embodiment, the lock chamber 11 adopts a separated structure, which is composed of lock chamber walls 12 on both sides and a middle bottom plate 13, and a deformation joint is set between the lock chamber wall 12 and the middle bottom plate 13. An anti-seepage curtain 14 is set at the front toe bottom of the lock chamber wall 12. A copper sheet water stop 15 is set between the structural joints of the lock chamber wall 12. The anti-seepage curtain 14 and the copper sheet water stop 15 separate the water in the lock chamber 11 from the groundwater behind the lock chamber wall 12.

[0034] In this embodiment, in order to reduce land acquisition and demolition, save land, and improve water flow conditions in the gate area, according to the general layout of the expanded ship lock, the net distance between the expanded ship lock chamber wall 16 and the existing ship lock chamber wall 12 is 10m.

[0035] In this embodiment, the bottom of the water-stop piles 1 penetrates into the relatively impermeable layer; the top of the water-stop piles 1 is higher than the downstream water level of the existing ship lock, and lower than the upstream water level of the existing ship lock.

[0036] In this embodiment, one or more vertically arranged inspection wells 6 are provided in the water storage area 5 for irrigation and drainage, and for controlling and monitoring the groundwater level.

[0037] In this embodiment, a drainage pipe 7 is provided at the bottom of the water storage area 5, and the outlet of the drainage pipe 7 leads to the downstream river channel. The groundwater level behind the lock chamber wall 12 is substantially consistent with the downstream water level.

[0038] In this embodiment, a cap beam 8 is provided on the top of the waterstop pile 1, and a support assembly 9 is provided on the side facing the expanded ship lock foundation pit. The support assembly 9 is a steel pipe inclined support, the upper part of which is connected to the pile cap beam 8, and the lower part is supported on the rock slope of the bottom plate foundation groove of the expanded ship lock chamber wall 16.

[0039] In this embodiment, the water-stopping piles 1 are provided with jet grouting piles 10 on the side close to the water storage area 5 to achieve water-stopping and anti-seepage, thereby ensuring the water-stopping effect of the water-stopping piles 1 and the jet grouting piles 10 after the foundation pit is excavated.

[0040] In this embodiment, the transverse anti-seepage line 4 is provided with a jet grouting pile 10 or an anti-seepage curtain 14 on the side thereof close to the water storage area 5 to achieve water stopping and anti-seepage.

[0041] In this embodiment, displacement monitoring points are provided on the lock chamber wall 12 and the top of the water-stop pile 1 of the existing ship lock to monitor the structural displacement during the construction process.

[0042] The ship lock expansion method of this embodiment uses the above ship lock expansion support structure to carry out support construction, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0043] (1) When the foundation pit is excavated to the bottom and the lock chamber 11 is at the upstream water level, a suitable groundwater level in the water storage area 5 is formulated, and a structure and soil model of the lock chamber wall 12, the water stop pile 1 structure and the soil CDEFA between the existing ship lock is established. The displacement of the lock chamber wall 12 and the water stop pile 1 of the existing ship lock is calculated and analyzed, and the control high water level of the water storage area 5, the elevation of the pile foundation construction platform, the water stop pile 1 and the steel pipe inclined support (support component 9) are determined; under the conditions of the excavation of the foundation pit of the expanded ship lock and the pouring and backfilling of the lock chamber wall 16 of the expanded ship lock, a suitable groundwater level in the water storage area 5 is formulated, and the stability of the lock chamber wall 12 of the existing ship lock toward the lock chamber 11 when the lock chamber 11 is at the downstream water level is verified. The stress at the front toe of the lock chamber wall 12 of the existing ship lock when the lock chamber 11 is at the upstream water level is calculated, and the process control water level of the water storage area 5 is determined;

[0044] (2) Excavate the foundation pit along CDE to the pile foundation construction platform, and construct and pour water-stop piles 1, jet grouting piles 10, cap beams 8, and transverse anti-seepage lines 4 to form a water storage area 5;

[0045] (3) Continue to excavate the foundation pit, install the steel pipe inclined support (support assembly 9), excavate the earth and stone below the steel pipe inclined support, monitor the displacement of the top of the lock chamber wall 12 of the existing ship lock, gradually fill the inspection well 6 of the water storage area 5, and try to keep the displacement of the top of the lock chamber wall 12 to the minimum until the foundation pit is excavated to the bottom and the groundwater level in the water storage area 5 rises to the controlled high water level;

[0046] (4) Cast the lock chamber wall 16 of the expansion ship lock and backfill the soil behind the wall, monitor the displacement of the top of the lock chamber wall 12 of the existing ship lock, and gradually pump out water from the inspection well 6 of the water storage area 5 until the expansion ship lock is constructed and backfilled to the top, and the groundwater level in the water storage area 5 is lowered to the water level downstream of the ship lock;

[0047] (5) Drilling or other methods are used to break the transverse anti-seepage line 4 at the lower head 3 of the existing ship lock, so that the groundwater level in the water storage area 5 is connected to the water level downstream of the ship lock.

[0048] In this embodiment, the high water level of the water storage area 5 is controlled to be 45.5 m, which is higher than the downstream water level (40.0 m) and lower than the upstream water level (50.0 m).

[0049] In this embodiment, the elevation of the pile foundation construction platform is 46.5m.

[0050] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For those skilled in the art, improvements and changes obtained without departing from the technical concept of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship lock expansion support structure, characterized in that: The ship lock expansion support structure comprises a lock chamber wall (12) and a group of water-stop piles (1) continuously arranged in the upstream and downstream directions of the lock chamber wall (12); the water-stop piles (1) are arranged from the upstream end of the lock chamber wall (12) to the downstream end of the lock chamber wall (12); transverse anti-seepage lines (4) are respectively arranged between the upstream and downstream ends of the lock chamber wall (12) and the water-stop piles (1) at corresponding positions, and the transverse anti-seepage lines (4), the water-stop piles (1) and the existing ship lock form a closed water storage area (5); the bottom of the water-stop piles (1) penetrates into a relatively impermeable layer; the top of the water-stop piles (1) is higher than the downstream water level of the ship lock and lower than the upstream water level of the ship lock.

2. The ship lock expansion support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One or more vertically arranged inspection wells (6) are provided in the water storage area (5).

3. The ship lock expansion support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drainage pipe (7) is provided at the bottom of the water storage area (5), and the outlet of the drainage pipe (7) leads to a downstream river channel.

4. The ship lock expansion support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A cap beam (8) is provided on the top of the water-stopping pile (1), and the cap beam (8) is connected to the ground via a supporting assembly (9).

5. The ship lock expansion support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The water-stopping piles (1) are provided with jet-jet piles (10) on a side thereof close to the water storage area (5) to achieve water-stopping and anti-seepage.

6. The ship lock expansion support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The transverse anti-seepage line (4) is provided with a jet grouting pile (10) or an anti-seepage curtain (14) on the side thereof close to the water storage area (5) to achieve water stopping and anti-seepage.

7. The ship lock expansion support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The minimum clear distance between the ship lock expansion support structure and the lock chamber wall (12) is 5 m.

8. A method for expanding a ship lock, characterized in that: The ship lock expansion method uses the ship lock expansion support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to carry out support construction, and specifically comprises the following steps: (1) excavating a foundation pit to a construction platform, constructing and pouring the water-stopping piles (1) and the transverse anti-seepage line (4) to form a water storage area (5); (2) Continue to excavate the foundation pit to the bottom and raise the groundwater level in the water storage area (5) to a predetermined height; (3) Cast the expanded ship lock and backfill the soil behind the wall, gradually pumping out water from the water storage area (5) until the expanded ship lock is constructed and backfilled to the top, and the groundwater level in the water storage area (5) is lowered to the downstream water level of the existing ship lock; (4) The transverse anti-seepage line (4) is broken to make the groundwater level of the water storage area (5) and the downstream water level of the existing ship lock communicate with each other.

9. The method for expanding a ship lock according to claim 8, characterized in that: The height of the underground water level in the water storage area (5) is determined by calculation based on the earthwork that needs to be unloaded during construction.

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